Multi-view-field optical detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-view-field optical detection device which is characterized in that a pitching bracket is connected with a rolling bracket through a pitching motor and can perform pitching scanning around a pitching axis; the rolling support is connected with the machine frame and the shell through the rolling motor and can rotate around the center shaft for scanning. The field angle beta of the small field unit is 0.15-3.5 degrees. A primary mirror 1, a secondary mirror 1 and a secondary mirror 2 on the pitching support and a reflector, a spectroscope, a lens group 1 and a detector 1 on the rolling support form a Cassegrain optical system. The field angle alpha of the large-field unit is 0.5-45 degrees, and the large-field unit has three configuration forms: configuration-1 is a reflection and refraction light path system, and the diameter of a lens is reduced through a light beam intersection point; the configuration-2 is also a reflection and refraction light path system; and-3 is a refraction light path system. Under the three configurations, the primary mirror 1 has the characteristics of reflecting small-view-field unit wave band light beams and perspective large-view-field unit wave band light beams, flexible scanning and detection of different view fields are achieved, and diversified optical detection requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical detection, and in particular relates to an optical detection device with multiple fields of view. Background Art

[0002] Conventional guidance devices are usually installed on the head of a moving object to measure the target's image size, azimuth and other motion parameters, and generate guidance information to ultimately guide the moving object to the designated target. The guidance device receives the energy radiated or reflected by the target, measures the target's relative position information and forms guidance instructions. The realization of the guidance function depends largely on the performance of the guidance device.

[0003] Through searching, it was found that the Chinese authorized invention patent 201911098004.7 (An optical system with scanning function) disclosed a technology of inserting or removing a reflector in the optical path of a Cassegrain telescope to change the transmission path of the optical path, realize the switching between the refracting telescope and the reflecting telescope, and thus realize the switching between the large field of view scanning system and the small field of view Cassegrain system. Although this solution is feasible, it is impossible to achieve the coexistence of large and small fields of view at the same time.

[0004] Further search revealed that China's authorized patent 202210463986.0 (An optical system with a common aperture and multiple fields of view) discloses a technology that uses the unobstructed edge of the main mirror of the plug system to realize a medium-wave infrared large field of view short-focus system, and a technology that uses the obstructed plug main optical path to realize a small field of view long-focus system. This technology switches between the two systems by inserting them into the optical path in turn. However, this solution is only applicable to the switching of large and small fields of view of a single-band beam, and cannot achieve multi-band detection.

[0005] Although the above two solutions realize the switching between large and small fields of view, they cannot realize the coexistence of large field of view system and small field of view system. Large field of view system and small field of view system cannot work at the same time, and multi-mode detection cannot be realized.

[0006] The inventor's patent application 202410616422.5 proposes a solution to use an offset beam splitter to allow large and small fields of view to coexist. However, this solution requires an excessively wide bandwidth in the optical path design, which increases the difficulty of selecting lens materials. At the same time, this solution needs to meet the refraction requirements of visible light, mid-wave infrared or long-wave infrared, but it is difficult to find suitable materials that meet all requirements during design.

[0007] Therefore, the shortcomings of the prior art are: The large and small fields of view cannot exist and work at the same time; Unable to support multi-modal detection requirements simultaneously; The selection of optical materials is quite difficult under the multimode bandwidth requirements.

[0008] The above background information is only used to help understand the technical background of the present invention and should not be regarded as an admission that it belongs to the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0009] A multi-field optical detection device, comprising: a pitch bracket, which is connected to a roll bracket through a pitch motor, and the pitch motor drives the pitch bracket to perform pitch scanning around a pitch axis; a roll bracket, which is a hollow columnar structure, connected to a frame and a shell through a roll motor, and the roll motor drives the roll bracket to perform rotation scanning around a central axis; a small field unit with a field angle β, β value range of 0.15°-3.5°, the small field unit is composed of a primary mirror-1, a secondary mirror-1, a secondary mirror-2 fixed on the pitch bracket, and a reflector, a beam splitter, a lens group-1 and a detector-1 fixed on the roll bracket to form a Cassegrain optical system; a large field unit with a field angle α, α value range of 0.5°-45°; The large field of view unit is selected from one of the following configurations: Configuration-1: A reflective-refractive optical path system is composed of a lens group, a reflector-1, a reflector, a lens group-2 and a detector-2. In this configuration, the reflector-1 of the primary mirror-2 and the secondary mirror-2 are arranged parallel to the pitch axis and are located on the extension line of the pitch axis of the pitch bracket together with the secondary mirror-2 and the reflector. The reflector-1 and the secondary mirror-2 together with the lens group are deflected together with the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1 under the drive of the pitch motor to realize pitch scanning. The reflector, the beam splitter, the lens group-1 and the detector-1 of the small field of view unit and the lens group-2 and the detector-2 of the large field of view unit are installed on a rolling bracket and driven by the rolling motor to perform 360° rolling scanning around the central axis. The intersection point of the light beams formed by the lens group and the lens group-2 of the large field of view unit is within the optical path interval. The primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-2 have the characteristics of reflecting the light beam of the small field of view unit band and seeing through the light beam of the large field of view unit band. Configuration-2: The reflective-refractive optical path system is composed of reflector-1, reflector-2, lens group-2 and detector-2. In this configuration, the reflector-1 of the primary mirror-2 and the secondary mirror-2 are arranged in parallel along the pitch axis and are arranged on the pitch axis of the pitch bracket. The primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1 are deflected together by the pitch motor to realize pitch scanning. The reflector-2 of the large field of view unit and the reflector of the small field of view unit are arranged along the extension line of the pitch axis and coincide with the pitch axis. They are installed on the rolling bracket and driven by the rolling motor to perform 360° rolling scanning around the central axis. The primary mirror-1 has the optical performance of reflecting the small field of view unit band light beam and seeing through the large field of view unit band light beam; Configuration-3: The refractive optical path system is composed of lens group-2 and detector-2. When it is this configuration, the secondary mirror-2 and the reflector are arranged in parallel along the extension line of the pitch axis. The secondary mirror-2 is located on the pitch axis of the pitch bracket. The lens group-2 and the detector-2 are driven by the internal pitch motor to deflect together with the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1 to achieve pitch scanning. The reflector, lens group-1 and the detector-1 are installed on the rolling bracket and driven by the rolling motor to perform 360° rolling scanning around the central axis. The primary mirror-1 has the optical performance of reflecting the small field of view unit band light beam and seeing through the large field of view unit band light beam.

[0010] The technical solution further defined in the present invention is: Further preferably, the light spot corresponding to the large field of view unit light beam is located in the middle of the edges of the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1.

[0011] Further preferably, the lens group and the detector corresponding to the small field of view unit and the large field of view unit are fixed on a rolling bracket, and are driven by a rolling motor to perform 360° rotation scanning along with the rolling bracket.

[0012] Further preferably, it also includes an image processing board, which is set on the rolling bracket and rotates with the rolling bracket, and the signals of detector-1 and detector-2 are connected to the image processing board, and the processed signals are transmitted to the main control board through the merge ring; or the image processing board is set on the rack or the casing, and the signals of detector-1 and detector-2 are transmitted to the image processing board through the merge ring and then transmitted to the main control board.

[0013] Further preferably, the small field of view unit adopts a cassette-type reflective imaging optical path, the primary mirror -1 is an arc-shaped reflective surface and is made of a material that can transmit the detector -2 band light beam, the outer side of the primary mirror -1 is coated with a reflective film for the detector -1 band light beam, and the inner side is coated with an anti-reflection film for the detector -2 band light beam, the primary mirror -1 collects the target reflected light and converges it to the secondary mirror -1 through the through hole, and after the mirror group is adjusted to shape it into a nearly parallel light beam, it passes through the through hole to the lens group -1 and converges to the detector -1, and the field of view angle is β and β is 0.15°-3.5°.

[0014] Further preferably, the large field of view unit adopts a refractive imaging optical path, and the external light beam is converged to the detector-2 after passing through the primary mirror-1, primary mirror-2, secondary mirror-2, reflector and lens group-2 in sequence, and the field of view angle is α, and α is 0.5°-45°.

[0015] Further preferably, detector-1 and detector-2 are respectively a combination of detectors of visible light and medium-wave infrared, visible light and long-wave infrared, or medium-wave infrared and long-wave infrared bands to constitute multi-mode detection.

[0016] Advantages of this case: ① It can realize the imaging requirements of multi-mode beams in a narrow space similar to the seeker, meeting the imaging requirements of 450nm-650nm visible light, as well as short-wave infrared (1-5μm) and / or long-wave infrared (8-12μm); ② Allocating the infrared band to detector-1 reduces the design difficulty and enables existing materials to meet the requirements of Cassegrain multi-mode small field of view and long-range vision, thus achieving the goal of coexistence of large and small fields of view; Assigning the visible light band to detector-2 and using a refraction system to process the visible light band reduces the design difficulty and the bandwidth requirements of the optical system, thus achieving wide coverage. ③ The primary mirror-1, primary mirror-2 and secondary mirror are simultaneously set on the pitch axis and driven to rotate by the pitch motor to achieve a pitch angle of ±90° scanning, while other optical path components are fixed to the rolling bracket and rotated 360° around the central axis by the rolling bracket. The combination of the two can achieve at least hemispherical scanning detection of the external space; ④ Use the main mirror of the card-type optical system and set the main mirror as a reflection / transmission mirror. Use the reflection part to realize the card-type system imaging light path of the reflection light path, so as to realize the small field of view and long-distance detection; use the transmission of the light beam by the main mirror to realize the refraction imaging system light path of the transmission light path, so as to realize the detection of a large field of view and a wide range, thus realizing the coexistence of large and small fields of view at the same time; ⑤ Assigning infrared optical detection to the jamming system can make full use of the current situation of a wide variety of infrared materials, thereby meeting the characteristics of the infrared system's long optical path and realizing infrared multi-mode; Assigning visible light detection to the refraction system avoids the situation where the variety of visible light materials is small and the design is difficult, thus realizing multi-mode detection of visible and infrared light in such a tiny space as the seeker for the first time.

[0017] ⑥ Replace the detection unit 2 with a single wavelength laser module of 800 nm-1600 nm, and use this wavelength laser to detect the target distance, so as to achieve tracking and detection of long-distance targets while also being able to detect the distance of the target.

[0018] ⑦ Utilizing the large field of view of small visible light cameras on the market and coordinating it with the small field of view of the card system can reduce the cost of camera research and development in this case. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Attached Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of configuration 1; Attached Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of configuration 2; Attached Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of configuration 3. Specific embodiments Example 1

[0020] This embodiment provides a multi-field optical detection device, the specific structure of which is as follows: Bracket and drive structure: Pitch bracket: connected to the roll bracket through the pitch motor, the pitch motor can drive the pitch bracket to perform pitch scanning around the pitch axis to achieve detection in different pitch angle directions.

[0021] Roll bracket: It has a hollow columnar structure, with the frame and the shell connected by a roll motor. The roll motor drives the roll bracket to perform 360° rotation scanning around the central axis, and cooperates with pitch scanning to achieve all-round detection.

[0022] Small field of view unit: Field of view angle and optical system: The field of view angle β ranges from 0.15° to 3.5°. The Cassegrain optical system consists of the primary mirror-1, secondary mirror-1, secondary mirror-2 fixed on the pitch bracket, and the reflector, beam splitter, lens group-1 and detector-1 fixed on the roll bracket.

[0023] Lens characteristics: Primary mirror-1 is an arc-shaped reflective surface, made of a material that can transmit the detector-2 band beam. The outer side of primary mirror-1 is coated with a reflective film for the detector-1 band beam, and the inner side is coated with an anti-reflection film for the detector-2 band beam.

[0024] Imaging principle: The primary mirror-1 collects the reflected light from the target and converges it to the secondary mirror-1 through the through hole. After being adjusted by the mirror group, it forms a nearly parallel beam, then passes through the through hole to the lens group-1 and converges to the detector-1.

[0025] Large field of view unit: Configuration - 1 (Figure 1): Composition structure: The lens group, reflector-1, reflector, lens group-2 and detector-2 constitute a reflection and refraction optical path system.

[0026] Scanning method: The reflector-1 of the primary mirror-2 and the secondary mirror-2 are arranged parallel to the pitch axis and are located on the extension line of the pitch axis of the pitch bracket together with the secondary mirror-2 and the reflector. They are driven by the pitch motor to deflect along with the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1 to achieve pitch scanning; some components of the small field of view unit and the large field of view unit are set on the rolling bracket, and are driven by the rolling motor to form a 360° rolling scan around the central axis.

[0027] Optical path characteristics: The intersection point of the light beams formed by the lens group and the lens group-2 is located within the optical path interval, and the lens diameters of the primary mirror-2, the secondary mirror-2, the reflector and the beam splitter are reduced by the intersection of the light beams.

[0028] Configuration - 2 (Figure 2): Composition structure: It includes reflector-1, reflector-2, lens group-2 and detector-2 to form a reflection-refraction optical path system.

[0029] Scanning method: The reflector-1 of the primary mirror-2 and the secondary mirror-2 are arranged in parallel along the pitch axis and set on the pitch axis, and pitch scan together with the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1; the reflector-2 of the large field of view unit and the reflector of the small field of view unit are set along the extension line of the pitch axis and coincide with the pitch axis, realizing 360° rolling scanning on the rolling bracket.

[0030] Configuration - 3 (Figure 3): Composition structure: It includes lens group-2 and detector-2 to form a refractive optical path system.

[0031] Scanning method: Secondary mirror-2 and reflector are arranged in parallel along the extension line of the pitch axis. Secondary mirror-2 is located on the pitch axis, including lens group-2 and detector-2, which perform pitch scanning together with primary mirror-1 and secondary mirror-1; reflector, lens group-1 and detector-1 realize 360° roll scanning on the roll bracket.

[0032] General characteristics: The field of view angle α of the large field of view unit ranges from 0.5° to 45°, and the corresponding light spot of the light beam is located in the middle of the edge of the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1; the large field of view unit adopts a refractive imaging optical path, and the external light beam passes through the primary mirror-1, primary mirror-2, secondary mirror-2, reflector and lens group-2 in turn and then converges to detector-2.

[0033] Detector combination and imaging: Detector-1 and Detector-2: They are combinations of detectors of visible light and medium-wave infrared, visible light and long-wave infrared, or medium-wave infrared and long-wave infrared bands, respectively, forming multi-mode detection.

[0034] Detector-3: Combined with detector-1 and detector-2, it constitutes a multi-mode detection system of visible light, short-wave infrared and long-wave infrared; detector-2 is preferably a visible light detector, and detector-1 and / or detector-3 are preferably short-wave infrared and / or long-wave infrared detectors.

[0035] Signal Processing: Image processing board position 1: It is set on the rolling bracket and rotates with the rolling bracket. The signals of detector-1 and detector-2 are connected to the image processing board, and the processed signals are transmitted to the main control board through the merge ring.

[0036] Image processing board position 2: It is set on the rack or housing. The signals of detector-1 and detector-2 are transmitted to the image processing board through the merge ring and then transmitted to the main control board.

Claims

1. A multi-field optical detection device, characterized in that: include: Pitch bracket: connected to the roll bracket via a pitch motor, and the pitch motor drives the pitch bracket to perform pitch scanning around the pitch axis; Rolling bracket: a hollow columnar structure, connected to the frame and the housing via a rolling motor, the rolling motor drives the rolling bracket to rotate and scan around the central axis; Small field of view unit: The field of view angle β ranges from 0.15° to 3.5°. It is composed of the primary mirror-1, secondary mirror-1, secondary mirror-2 fixed on the pitch bracket, and the reflector, beam splitter, lens group-1 and detector-1 fixed on the roll bracket to form a Cassegrain optical system; Large field of view unit: The field of view angle α ranges from 0.5° to 45°, and the large field of view unit is selected from one of the following configurations: Configuration-1: A reflective-refractive optical path system is composed of a lens group, a reflector-1, a reflector, a lens group-2 and a detector-2. The reflector-1 of the primary mirror-2 and the secondary mirror-2 are arranged in parallel along the pitch axis and are located on the extension line of the pitch axis of the pitch bracket together with the secondary mirror-2 and the reflector. The reflector-1 and the secondary mirror-2 together with the lens group are deflected together with the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1 under the drive of the pitch motor to realize pitch scanning. The reflector, the beam splitter, the lens group-1 and the detector-1 of the small field of view unit and the lens group-2 and the detector-2 of the large field of view unit are installed on a rolling bracket and driven by the rolling motor to perform 360° rolling scanning around the central axis. The intersection point of the light beams formed by the lens group and the lens group-2 of the large field of view unit is within the optical path interval. The primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-2 have the characteristics of reflecting the small field of view unit band light beam and seeing through the large field of view unit band light beam; Configuration-2: The reflective-refractive optical path system is composed of reflector-1, reflector-2, lens group-2 and detector-2. The reflector-1 of the primary mirror-2 and the secondary mirror-2 are arranged in parallel along the pitch axis and are set on the pitch axis of the pitch bracket. They are deflected together with the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1 driven by the pitch motor to realize pitch scanning. The reflector-2 of the large field of view unit and the reflector of the small field of view unit are arranged along the extension line of the pitch axis and coincide with the pitch axis. They are installed on the rolling bracket and driven by the rolling motor to perform 360° rolling scanning around the central axis. The primary mirror-1 has the optical performance of reflecting the small field of view unit band light beam and seeing through the large field of view unit band light beam; Configuration-3: The refractive optical path system is composed of lens group-2 and detector-2. The secondary mirror-2 and the reflector are arranged in parallel along the extension line of the pitch axis. The secondary mirror-2 is located on the pitch axis of the pitch bracket. The lens group-2 and the detector-2 are driven by the internal pitch motor to deflect with the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1 to achieve pitch scanning. The reflector, lens group-1 and the detector-1 are installed on the rolling bracket and driven by the rolling motor to perform 360° rolling scanning around the central axis. The primary mirror-1 has the optical performance of reflecting the small field of view unit band light beam and seeing through the large field of view unit band light beam.

2. The multi-field optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light spot corresponding to the large field of view unit beam is located in the middle of the edge of the primary mirror-1 and the secondary mirror-1.

3. The multi-field optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens group and detector corresponding to the small field of view unit and the large field of view unit are fixed on the rolling bracket and driven by the rolling motor to perform 360° rotation scanning along with the rolling bracket.

4. The multi-field optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an image processing board, which is arranged on a rolling bracket and rotates with the rolling bracket. The signals of detectors -1 and -2 are connected to the image processing board, and the processed signals are transmitted to the main control board through a merge ring; or the image processing board is arranged on a rack or a casing, and the signals of detectors -1 and -2 are transmitted to the image processing board through a merge ring and then transmitted to the main control board.

5. The multi-field optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small field of view unit adopts a card-type reflective imaging optical path. The primary mirror-1 is an arc-shaped reflective surface and is made of a material that can transmit the detector-2 band light beam. The outer side of the primary mirror-1 is coated with a reflective film for the detector-1 band light beam, and the inner side is coated with an anti-reflection film for the detector-2 band light beam. The primary mirror-1 collects the target reflected light and converges it to the secondary mirror-1 through the through hole. After being adjusted and shaped by the mirror group to form a nearly parallel light beam, it passes through the through hole to the lens group-1 and converges to the detector-1. The field of view angle is β and β is 0.15°-3.5°.

6. The multi-field optical detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The large field of view unit adopts a refractive imaging optical path. The external light beam passes through the primary mirror-1, primary mirror-2, secondary mirror-2, reflector and lens group-2 in sequence and then converges to detector-2. The field of view angle is α, and α is 0.5°-45°.

7. The multi-field optical detection device according to claim 1, 4 or 5, characterized in that: Detector-1 and detector-2 are respectively combinations of detectors of visible light and medium-wave infrared, visible light and long-wave infrared, or medium-wave infrared and long-wave infrared bands to form multi-mode detection.

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