Method for improving performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensing electrode

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the performance of a metal-air flow battery based on an acoustic jet spraying sensing electrode. The ultrasonic processing device comprises a reaction container, a substrate, an ultrasonic driving power supply, a transducer, a vibration transmission rod, an amplitude-change pole, a processing tool and the like, the method comprises the following operation steps: adding a catalyst solution such as Pt / C or silver nanoparticles or manganese dioxide into a reaction container; adjusting the depth of the ultrasonic vibration system entering the solution in the reaction container; starting an ultrasonic liquid phase spraying deposition system, and adjusting parameters of an ultrasonic vibration system; and the improvement of the acoustic jet spray deposition process and the battery discharge performance is realized. The solution containing the electrode material is atomized into tiny liquid drops through high-frequency sound waves, the tiny liquid drops are sprayed to the substrate at a high speed to form the uniform and compact catalytic electrode, and the specific surface area of the catalytic electrode is increased; in addition, the energy density, the charge-discharge efficiency, the cycle stability and the like of the metal-air flow battery are improved, the metal-air flow battery has the advantages of high electrode catalytic performance and the like, and the whole life cycle cost of the battery is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of ultrasonic technology and relates to a method for improving the performance of a metal-air liquid flow battery based on an acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode; specifically, it relates to a method for improving the performance of a metal-air liquid flow battery based on an acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode. Background Art

[0002] At present, metal-air flow batteries have become a new energy storage technology with great potential due to their high theoretical energy density and relatively low cost, showing broad application prospects in the fields of distributed energy storage and electric vehicles. However, metal-air flow batteries still face many severe challenges in improving their performance: on the one hand, the low activity of the electrodes leads to a slow electrochemical reaction rate inside the battery, which greatly limits the battery's charging and discharging efficiency, making it difficult for the battery to achieve efficient energy conversion in a short period of time; on the other hand, the battery's energy density is not high, which cannot meet the growing demand for high-energy storage devices in modern society, hindering its large-scale promotion in application scenarios with high requirements for endurance and energy storage capacity.

[0003] At the same time, traditional electrode preparation methods have a series of environmental problems that cannot be ignored. In the preparation process, a large amount of organic solvents are often needed to dissolve electrode materials. These organic solvents are not only expensive, but also volatile, and will produce a large amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), causing serious pollution to the atmospheric environment. Moreover, traditional preparation processes are usually accompanied by high energy consumption, exacerbating the energy crisis. Some preparation processes also produce harmful by-products, which will cause pollution to the soil, water bodies, etc. if not handled properly, seriously threatening the sustainable development of the ecological environment. These environmental problems are intertwined with performance bottlenecks, which greatly hinder the large-scale application of metal-air flow batteries and urgently need innovative technologies to break through. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the performance of metal-air flow batteries based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrodes. The solution containing electrode materials is atomized into tiny droplets by using high-frequency sound waves, which are sprayed onto a substrate at high speed to form a uniform and dense sensor electrode, thereby effectively promoting electrochemical reactions and improving the battery energy conversion efficiency and stability.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for improving the performance of metal fuel cells based on acoustic jet deposition materials described in the present invention is implemented in a device, which is an ultrasonic liquid phase spray deposition system, which includes a reaction container, a substrate, an ultrasonic frequency power supply, a transducer, a vibration transmission rod, a variable amplitude rod and a processing tool, the ultrasonic frequency power supply is tightly connected to the transducer, the transducer is arranged directly above the reaction container, the vibration transmission rod is fixed on the vibration radiation surface of the transducer, the variable amplitude rod and the processing tool are fixed on the vibration transmission rod and they are in contact with the solution and catalyst solution in the reaction container.

[0006] Furthermore, the depth of the amplitude change rod and the processing tool entering the solution in the reaction container is adjustable, and the amplitude change rod and the processing tool do not contact the wall of the reaction container.

[0007] Furthermore, the transducer adopts a composite laminated piezoelectric ceramic structure, including lead scandate-lead titanate-based piezoelectric layers and aluminum nitride vibration constraint layers arranged alternately, and the layers are bonded by silver epoxy resin conductive adhesive to form multi-modal resonance characteristics.

[0008] Furthermore, the operating frequency of the transducer is modulated at the picosecond level by means of photon mode locking technology, and a series of pulse sequences with specific phase and frequency intervals can be generated in the frequency band of 20KHz to 4MHz.

[0009] Furthermore, the solution is an ethylene glycol-water binary system containing 0.5-3 wt % of a polythiophene derivative conductive additive.

[0010] Furthermore, the catalyst solution is one of Pt / C, silver nanoparticles, or manganese dioxide.

[0011] Furthermore, the vibration transmission rod has a built-in distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor array.

[0012] Furthermore, the amplitude transformer is made of a gradient porous silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and the surface is coated with a 200nm thick diamond-like coating.

[0013] Furthermore, the processing tool adopts a titanium alloy fractal structure nozzle prepared by 3D printing.

[0014] Furthermore, the operating steps of the method are:

[0015] S1. Adding a catalyst solution into a reaction vessel containing a solution;

[0016] S2, adjusting the depth of the ultrasonic vibration system entering the solution in the reaction container;

[0017] S3, start the ultrasonic liquid phase spray deposition system, and adjust the parameters of the ultrasonic vibration system, including the operating frequency, the operating voltage, the acoustic power, the acoustic treatment time, the driving signal, etc.;

[0018] S4. Realize the improvement of acoustic jet spray deposition process and battery discharge performance.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention uses high-frequency sound waves to atomize the solution containing electrode materials into tiny droplets, and sprays them onto the substrate at high speed to form a uniform and dense sensing electrode. In this process, the action of high-frequency sound waves promotes the atomization and spraying of the solution, so that the electrode material can be more evenly distributed on the substrate, thereby effectively promoting the electrochemical reaction in the metal-air liquid flow battery, significantly improving the energy conversion efficiency and stability of the battery, and making it widely used in the chemical industry and life fields; 2. In the device used in the present invention, the transducer adopts a composite laminated piezoelectric ceramic structure, which is composed of lead scandate-lead titanate-based piezoelectric layers and aluminum nitride vibration constraint layers arranged alternately, and bonded by silver epoxy conductive adhesive to form multi-modal resonance characteristics. This structural design enables the transducer to efficiently convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, providing stable and powerful power for acoustic jet spraying. At the same time, with the help of photon mode locking technology, picosecond ultrashort pulse modulation is achieved, and a pulse sequence with a specific phase and frequency interval is generated in the frequency band of 20KHz to 4MHz, so as to accurately control the various parameters of the acoustic jet and meet the diverse needs of different battery performance improvements; 3. The present invention adopts the method of acoustic jet spraying sensor electrodes to successfully achieve a significant improvement in the energy density, charge and discharge efficiency and cycle stability of metal-air flow batteries. While improving battery performance, this method also has the characteristics of low energy consumption and green environmental protection. Low energy consumption means that energy consumption can be reduced during the production and use of batteries, and green environmental protection is reflected in the fact that no harmful pollutants are generated during the entire process, which is conducive to the recycling of resources, and also helps to spread the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction and reduce the cost of the battery throughout its life cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1 is a reaction container, 2 is a substrate, 3 is an ultrasonic driving power supply, 4 is a transducer, 5 is a vibration transmission rod, 6 is a horn, 7 is a processing tool, 8 is a solution, and 9 is a catalyst solution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0023] As shown in the figure, the method for improving the performance of metal fuel cells based on acoustic jet deposition materials described in the present invention is completed in an acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode to improve the metal-air liquid flow battery device (ultrasonic liquid phase spray deposition system), which is used in laboratories, living rooms or industrial production to achieve acoustic jet spraying and battery performance improvement. The acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode to improve the metal-air liquid flow battery device includes a reaction container 1, a substrate 2, an ultrasonic driving power supply 3, a transducer 4, a vibration transmission rod 5, a horn 6, a processing tool 7, etc.

[0024] Furthermore, a base 2 is arranged on the lower side of the inner wall of the reaction container 1 .

[0025] Furthermore, the transducer 4 is arranged directly above the reaction container 1 , the vibration transmission rod 5 is fixed on the vibration radiation surface of the transducer 4 , the amplitude changing rod 6 and the processing tool 7 are fixed on the vibration transmission rod 5 and are in contact with the solution 8 and the catalyst solution 9 .

[0026] The transducer 4 is used for ultrasonic excitation and adopts a composite laminated piezoelectric ceramic structure, including lead scandate-lead titanate-based piezoelectric layers and aluminum nitride vibration constraint layers arranged alternately, and the layers are bonded by silver epoxy conductive adhesive to form multi-modal resonance characteristics; its operating frequency is modulated by picosecond ultrashort pulses with the help of photon mode locking technology, and a series of pulse sequences with specific phases and frequency intervals are generated in the frequency band of 20KHz to 4MHz;

[0027] A distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor array is built into the vibration transmission rod 5;

[0028] The horn 6 is made of gradient porous silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and the surface is coated with a 200nm thick diamond-like coating;

[0029] The processing tool 7 is a titanium alloy fractal structure nozzle prepared by 3D printing;

[0030] The vibration transmission rod 5 transmits the vibration of the transducer 4 to the horn 6 and the processing tool 7. The horn 6 and the processing tool 7 are in contact with the solution 8 contained in the reaction container 1. The catalyst solution 9 is dispersed inside the solution 8 or suspended on the interface between the solution 8 and the air. The catalyst solution 9 is an inorganic or organic substance that is soluble or insoluble in the solution. The reaction container 1 does not react with the solution 8 and the catalyst solution 9.

[0031] The solution 8 is a binary system of ethylene glycol-water containing 0.5-3 wt % of a polythiophene derivative conductive additive;

[0032] The catalyst solution 9 is one of Pt / C, silver nanoparticles or manganese dioxide.

[0033] Further, the operation steps include:

[0034] Step 1: Adding catalyst solution 9 into reaction vessel 1 containing solution 8;

[0035] Step 2: adjusting the depth of the ultrasonic vibration system entering the solution in the reaction container;

[0036] Step 3: Start the ultrasonic liquid phase spray deposition system and adjust the parameters of the ultrasonic vibration system, including the operating frequency, operating voltage, sound power, sound processing time, driving signal, etc.

[0037] Step 4: Realize the improvement of acoustic jet spray deposition process and battery discharge performance.

[0038] Example

[0039] In this embodiment, the reaction container 1 is made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength glass material, and its volume is 500 ml, which can meet the needs of experiments and small-scale production;

[0040] The substrate 2 is made of high-purity graphite material, whose good conductivity and chemical stability are conducive to the attachment of the electrode and the electrochemical reaction;

[0041] The ultrasonic power supply 3 can output a stable AC signal with a frequency adjustment range of 20KHz-400kHz and a voltage adjustment range of 10V-100V, ensuring that the transducer 4 is provided with an adaptive energy input;

[0042] The transducer 4 adopts a composite laminated piezoelectric ceramic structure, in which the lead scandate-lead titanate-based piezoelectric layers and the aluminum nitride vibration constraint layers are arranged alternately, and the thickness of each layer is precisely controlled at 0.5 mm. The layers are evenly coated and bonded by silver epoxy conductive glue to form a stable multi-mode resonance characteristic;

[0043] The vibration transmission rod 5 is made of high-strength stainless steel, and a distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor array is evenly distributed inside it to monitor the vibration information in real time during the vibration transmission process;

[0044] The horn 6 is made of gradient porous silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material, formed by precision casting process, and coated with 200nm thick diamond-like coating by physical vapor deposition technology to enhance its wear resistance and corrosion resistance;

[0045] The processing tool 7 adopts a titanium alloy fractal structure nozzle prepared by 3D printing technology, and the fractal structure is accurately designed using computer-aided design software to ensure that the nozzle can achieve uniform and fine solution atomization and injection during the solution injection process.

[0046] The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensing electrode of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1. Add 400 ml of ethylene glycol-water binary system solution 8 containing 2 wt% of polythiophene derivative conductive additive into reaction container 1, and then add catalyst solution 9 such as Pt / C or silver nanoparticles or manganese dioxide with a particle size distribution of 100 nm-500 nm after accurate weighing, and stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 minutes using a magnetic stirrer to fully mix;

[0048] S2. Use a high-precision electric lifting platform to adjust the depth of the horn 6 and the processing tool 7 entering the solution in the reaction container 1, with an adjustment range of 10 mm-50 mm, ensuring that the horn 6 and the processing tool 7 maintain a safe distance of at least 5 mm from the wall of the reaction container 1 to avoid collision;

[0049] S3, start the transducer 4, and use the photon mode locking technology to modulate the operating frequency of the transducer 4 by ultrashort pulses in the picosecond level. The initial setting of the operating frequency is 100kHz and the operating voltage is 30V. According to the real-time monitoring of the battery performance feedback data, the operating frequency and voltage are fine-tuned by the ultrasonic driving power supply 3.

[0050] During the entire operation, the vibration data is collected in real time by the distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor array built into the vibration transmission rod 5 and fed back to the control system so that various parameters can be adjusted in time to ensure that the acoustic jet spraying process is stable and efficient, and ultimately achieve a significant improvement in the performance of the acoustic jet spraying and metal-air flow battery.

Claims

1. A method for improving the performance of metal-air flow batteries based on acoustic jet spraying of sensor electrodes, characterized in that: The ultrasonic liquid phase spray deposition system comprises a reaction container (1), wherein a solution (8) and a catalyst solution (9) are placed inside the reaction container (1). An ultrasonic vibration system is also installed in the reaction container (1), the ultrasonic vibration system comprising a transducer (4) installed directly above the reaction container (1), a vibration transmission rod (5) installed on a vibration radiation surface of the transducer (4) facing the solution (8), and a horn (6) and a processing tool (7) in contact with the solution (8) are fixedly installed on the vibration transmission rod (5); The other side of the transducer (4) is also connected to an ultrasonic driving power supply (3).

2. A method for improving the performance of metal-air flow batteries based on acoustic jet spraying of sensor electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A base (2) is arranged on the lower side of the inner wall of the reaction container (1).

3. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transducer (4) adopts a composite laminated piezoelectric ceramic structure, including lead scandate-lead titanate-based piezoelectric layers and aluminum nitride vibration restraint layers arranged alternately, and the layers are bonded by silver epoxy resin conductive adhesive to form multi-modal resonance characteristics; The operating frequency of the transducer (4) is modulated by picosecond ultrashort pulses with the aid of photon mode locking technology, and a series of pulse sequences with specific phases and frequency intervals are generated within a frequency range of 20 kHz to 4 MHz.

4. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor array is built into the vibration transmission rod (5).

5. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horn (6) is made of a gradient porous silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and its surface is coated with a 200 nm thick diamond-like coating.

6. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The processing tool (7) adopts a titanium alloy fractal structure nozzle prepared by 3D printing.

7. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The depth to which the horn (6) and the processing tool (7) enter the solution (8) in the reaction container (1) is adjustable, and the horn (6) and the processing tool (7) do not contact the inner wall of the reaction container (1).

8. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow batteries based on acoustic jet spraying of sensing electrodes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solution (8) is an ethylene glycol-water binary system containing 0.5-3 wt % of a polythiophene derivative conductive additive.

9. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst solution (9) is one of Pt / C, silver nanoparticles or manganese dioxide.

10. The method for improving the performance of metal-air flow battery based on acoustic jet spraying sensor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation steps are as follows: Step (1): adding a catalyst solution (9) into a reaction vessel (1) containing a solution (8); Step (2): adjusting the depth of the ultrasonic vibration system entering the solution (8) in the reaction container (1); Step (3): starting the ultrasonic liquid phase spray deposition system, and adjusting the parameters of the ultrasonic vibration system, including the operating frequency, the operating voltage, the acoustic power, the acoustic treatment time and the driving signal; Step (4): Realize the improvement of the acoustic jet spray deposition process and battery discharge performance.

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