Rear traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of sweet potato harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a rear traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a harvester frame body, a traction frame body is fixedly mounted on the harvester frame body, a driving chain wheel is mounted in the harvester frame body, a conveying roller chain is arranged on the driving chain wheel, and the rear end of the harvester frame body is connected with a sorting mechanism. A soil cleaning mechanism is arranged on the sorting cabin body, a dust discharging mechanism is connected to the dust outlet, a turning plough is fixedly installed at the front end of the traction frame body, a second movable wheel is rotationally installed at the bottom of the harvester frame body, and a positioning wheel frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sorting cabin body. According to the rear traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of the sweet potato harvester, through cooperative use of the sorting mechanism and the soil cleaning mechanism, soil adhering to the surfaces of sweet potatoes can be cleaned, the sweet potatoes can be sorted in the cleaning process, the falling soil can be sucked and discharged out of the shell through the dust discharging mechanism, and the soil is separated from the sweet potatoes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester. Background Art

[0002] Yam, also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, and sweet potato, is a root vegetable. It is rich in carbohydrates and the starch is easily digestible, which is a long-term source of energy. In addition, yams are also rich in dietary fiber, vitamins A, C, E, and minerals such as potassium, iron, and calcium, which help lower cholesterol and blood sugar, promote intestinal health, and protect the body from free radical damage. Yams are generally harvested using a hanging harvester, which can be hung on a tractor and driven by the power of the tractor to harvest yams.

[0003] In the process of harvesting sweet potatoes, the sweet potatoes are smoothly transported through the conveyor roller chain behind the tillage plow. In this transportation process, although most of the soil will leak out through the gaps on the conveyor roller chain, a small amount of soil will still adhere to the surface of the sweet potatoes, which will undoubtedly affect the quality of the sweet potatoes. In addition, the harvested sweet potatoes are piled together, which requires subsequent sorting by staff to ensure the quality of the sweet potatoes. To this end, a rear-mounted traction suspension sweet potato soil cleaning device for a sweet potato harvester is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device for a sweet potato harvester, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that a small amount of soil adheres to the surface of the sweet potato.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a rear-mounted traction-suspended sweet potato soil-clearing device for a sweet potato harvester, comprising a harvester frame, a traction frame is fixedly mounted on the harvester frame, a driving sprocket is mounted in the harvester frame, a conveying roller chain is arranged on the driving sprocket, and the characteristic is that a sorting mechanism is connected to the rear end of the harvester frame, the sorting mechanism comprises a sorting cabin connected to the harvester frame, movable holes are provided at both ends of the sorting cabin, dust outlets are provided on both sides of the sorting cabin, a small fruit outlet, a medium fruit outlet and a large fruit outlet are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sorting cabin in sequence, and the small fruit outlet, the medium fruit outlet and the large fruit outlet are staggered with each other, a soil-clearing mechanism is arranged on the sorting cabin, and the soil-clearing mechanism The mechanism includes a movable shaft rotatably installed in the sorting cabin and a driving motor fixedly installed at the front end of the sorting cabin, the output end of the driving motor is fixedly installed with the driving shaft, and the end of the driving shaft is fixedly installed on the movable shaft, a conical roller is fixedly installed on the movable shaft, a spiral roller brush is fixedly installed on the conical roller, a synchronous gear is fixedly installed on the end of the movable shaft, and the synchronous gears are meshed with each other, the dust outlet is connected to the dust exhaust mechanism, the dust exhaust mechanism includes a discharge shell fixedly installed at the dust outlet, a crossflow fan blade is rotatably installed in the discharge shell, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the crossflow fan blade, a horizontal transmission shaft is rotatably installed at one end of the rotating shaft, and a vertical transmission shaft is provided between the horizontal transmission shaft and the driving shaft.

[0006] Preferably, a tillage plow is fixedly installed on the front end of the traction frame, a driving roller is fixedly installed on the driving sprocket, a second movable wheel is rotatably installed on the bottom of the harvester frame, a positioning wheel frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sorting cabin, and a first movable wheel is rotatably installed on the positioning wheel frame, a positioning shaft is fixedly installed on the sorting cabin, and the sorting cabin is rotatably connected to the harvester frame via the positioning shaft.

[0007] Preferably, a rotating hole is opened on the harvester frame, and the positioning shaft is rotatably mounted on the harvester frame through the rotating hole.

[0008] Preferably, the first movable wheel is installed on the bottom of the sorting cabin through a positioning wheel frame, a bearing is provided in the movable hole, the movable shaft is rotatably installed in the movable hole through the bearing, and the discharge shell is connected to the sorting cabin through a dust outlet.

[0009] Preferably, a planetary reducer is provided on the driving shaft, and a protective cover is fixedly installed at the rear end of the sorting cabin.

[0010] Preferably, a motor frame is provided on the driving motor, and the driving motor is fixed at the front end of the sorting cabin through the motor frame.

[0011] Preferably, the conical roller is rotatably mounted in the sorting cabin via a movable shaft, the spiral roller brush is rotatably mounted in the sorting cabin via a conical roller, a coupling is provided at the output end of the drive motor, and the drive shaft is fixedly mounted at the output end of the drive motor via a coupling.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting opening is provided on the discharge shell, and a bearing is provided in the mounting opening, the rotating shaft is movably installed in the discharge shell through the bearing, and the driving shaft, rotating shaft, horizontal transmission shaft and vertical transmission shaft are all provided with helical gears, and the helical gears are meshed together in pairs.

[0013] Preferably, a retaining frame is provided at the front end of the sorting cabin, and the horizontal transmission shaft and the vertical transmission shaft are both rotatably mounted at the front end of the sorting cabin through the retaining frame.

[0014] Preferably, the crossflow fan blades are rotatably installed in the discharge shell via a rotating shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present application, during the conveying process of the sweet potato, most of the soil will fall off through the gaps of the conveying roller chain. When the sweet potato falls onto the conical roller, the drive motor can be activated. After the motor is started, the drive shaft rotates accordingly and is decelerated through the planetary reducer, thereby driving the movable shaft to rotate. The rotation of the movable shaft drives the spiral roller brush on the conical roller to rotate, thereby cleaning the surface of the sweet potato and effectively removing the soil attached to the surface of the sweet potato.

[0016] 2. In the present application, during the cleaning process, the sweet potatoes will move along the cone roller axis. Since the front part of the cone roller is thicker and the rear part is thinner, as the sweet potatoes move in the forward direction, the gap between the cone rollers gradually increases. This design allows sweet potatoes of different sizes to fall into the small fruit outlet, the medium fruit outlet and the large fruit outlet in turn, thereby achieving classification while cleaning the sweet potatoes.

[0017] 3. In the present application, during the falling process of soil, the driving shaft drives the vertical transmission shaft to generate rotational motion, and then the rotational motion of the vertical transmission shaft is transmitted to the horizontal transmission shaft, thereby causing the horizontal transmission shaft to generate rotation, and the rotational motion is further transmitted to the rotating shaft, causing the rotating shaft to drive the crossflow fan blades to rotate at high speed in the discharge housing. This high-speed rotation forms a negative pressure effect in the discharge housing, thereby realizing the suction and discharge of the falling soil, and finally achieving the effect of separating the soil and the sweet potato. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of the local structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a side view of the local structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sorting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the dust removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the dust removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Numbers in the figure: 1, traction frame; 2, harvester frame; 3, conveyor roller chain; 4, driving sprocket; 5, sorting mechanism; 501, sorting cabin; 502, movable hole; 503, positioning shaft; 504, dust outlet; 505, positioning wheel frame; 506, first movable wheel; 507, small fruit outlet; 508, medium fruit outlet; 509, large fruit outlet; 6, soil cleaning mechanism; 601, driving motor; 602, movable Shaft; 603, conical roller; 604, spiral roller brush; 605, protective cover; 606, synchronous gear; 607, drive shaft; 608, planetary reducer; 7, dust removal mechanism; 701, crossflow fan blade; 702, discharge shell; 703, rotating shaft; 704, horizontal transmission shaft; 705, vertical transmission shaft; 706, bevel gear; 707, installation port; 8, tillage plow; 9, drive roller; 10, second movable wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution of a rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester, comprising a harvester frame 2, a traction frame 1 is fixedly mounted on the harvester frame 2, a driving sprocket 4 is mounted inside the harvester frame 2, a conveying roller chain 3 is arranged on the driving sprocket 4, a sorting mechanism 5 is connected to the rear end of the harvester frame 2, a soil cleaning mechanism 6 is arranged on the sorting cabin 501, a dust discharge mechanism 7 is connected to the dust outlet 504, a soil turning plow 8 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the traction frame 1, a driving roller 9 is fixedly mounted on the driving sprocket 4, a second movable wheel 10 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the harvester frame 2, and a positioning wheel frame 505 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sorting cabin 501. Through the coordinated use of the sorting mechanism 5 and the soil cleaning mechanism 6, the soil adhering to the surface of the sweet potato can be cleaned off, and the sweet potato can be sorted during the cleaning process, and the dust discharge mechanism 7 can suck the fallen soil into the discharge housing 702 and discharge it, so that the soil is separated from the sweet potato.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 Figure 5 As shown, the sorting mechanism 5 includes a sorting cabin 501 connected to the harvester frame 2, movable holes 502 are provided at both ends of the sorting cabin 501, dust outlets 504 are provided on both sides of the sorting cabin 501, a small fruit outlet 507, a medium fruit outlet 508 and a large fruit outlet 509 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the sorting cabin 501 in sequence, and the small fruit outlet 507, the medium fruit outlet 508 and the large fruit outlet 509 are staggered with each other, a positioning wheel frame 505 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sorting cabin 501, and a first movable wheel 506 is rotatably installed on the positioning wheel frame 505, a positioning shaft 503 is fixedly installed on the sorting cabin 501, and the sorting cabin 501 is rotatably connected to the harvester frame 2 through the positioning shaft 503.

[0023] Specifically, in the process of cleaning the sweet potatoes, the sweet potatoes will move along the axial direction of the tapered roller 603. The design of the tapered roller 603 is thicker at the front and thinner at the back, which means that as the sweet potatoes move in the forward direction, the gap between the tapered rollers 603 will gradually increase. Due to this change in the gap, sweet potatoes of different sizes will fall into different discharge ports in turn according to their sizes. Specifically, smaller sweet potatoes will fall into the small fruit outlet 507, medium-sized sweet potatoes will fall into the medium fruit outlet 508, and larger sweet potatoes will fall into the large fruit outlet 509. In this way, not only the cleaning of the sweet potatoes is achieved, but also the size classification and sorting of the sweet potatoes are completed at the same time, making the whole process both efficient and orderly.

[0024] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 Figure 7As shown, the soil cleaning mechanism 6 includes a movable shaft 602 rotatably installed in the sorting cabin 501 and a driving motor 601 fixedly installed at the front end of the sorting cabin 501, a driving shaft 607 is fixedly installed at the output end of the driving motor 601, and the end of the driving shaft 607 is fixedly installed on the movable shaft 602, a conical roller 603 is fixedly installed on the movable shaft 602, a spiral roller brush 604 is fixedly installed on the conical roller 603, a synchronous gear 606 is fixedly installed at the end of the movable shaft 602, and the synchronous gears 606 are meshed with each other, a planetary reducer 608 is provided on the driving shaft 607, and a protective cover 605 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the sorting cabin 501.

[0025] Specifically, during the conveying process of the sweet potatoes, most of the soil will leak out through the gaps on the conveying roller chain 3. When the sweet potatoes fall onto the conical roller 603, the drive motor 601 can be started. Once the drive motor 601 is started, it will start to drive the drive shaft 607 to rotate. During the rotation process, the drive shaft 607 will be decelerated by the planetary reducer 608, and then continue to drive the movable shaft 602 to rotate. While the movable shaft 602 is rotating, it will cause the spiral roller brush 604 on the conical roller 603 to start rotating. The rotation of the spiral roller brush 604 cleans the surface of the sweet potatoes and effectively cleans the soil adhering to the surface of the sweet potatoes.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 Figure 8 As shown, the dust exhaust mechanism 7 includes a discharge shell 702 fixedly installed at the dust outlet 504, a crossflow fan blade 701 is rotatably installed in the discharge shell 702, a rotating shaft 703 is fixedly installed on the crossflow fan blade 701, a horizontal transmission shaft 704 is rotatably installed at one end of the rotating shaft 703, a vertical transmission shaft 705 is provided between the horizontal transmission shaft 704 and the driving shaft 607, a mounting port 707 is opened on the discharge shell 702, and a bearing is provided in the mounting port 707, the rotating shaft 703 is movably installed in the discharge shell 702 through the bearing, and the driving shaft 607, the rotating shaft 703, the horizontal transmission shaft 704 and the vertical transmission shaft 705 are all provided with bevel gears 706, and the bevel gears 706 are meshed together in pairs.

[0027] Specifically, when the soil begins to fall, the drive shaft 607 will move accordingly, thereby driving the vertical transmission shaft 705 to start rotating. As the vertical transmission shaft 705 rotates, it will transfer power to the horizontal transmission shaft 704, causing the horizontal transmission shaft 704 to also start rotating. The rotation of the horizontal transmission shaft 704 will in turn drive the rotating shaft 703 to rotate together. The rotation of the rotating shaft 703 causes the crossflow blades 701 to rotate at high speed inside the discharge shell 702. Due to the high-speed rotation of the crossflow blades 701, a negative pressure area is formed inside the discharge shell 702. This negative pressure area can effectively suck the falling soil into the discharge shell 702, and discharge the soil through the discharge shell 702. Through this process, the soil is separated from the sweet potato.

[0028] Working principle: when in use, first connect the whole device to a tractor, then the whole device can be pulled forward by the tractor, when the whole device moves forward, the tilling plow 8 will turn up the potatoes under the ground, and the turned-up potatoes will be transported to the sorting cabin 501 by the conveying roller chain 3, and most of the soil of the potatoes will leak out through the gaps in the conveying roller chain 3 during transportation, and only a small part of the soil will adhere to the surface of the potatoes. After the potatoes with soil adhered are transported to the sorting cabin 501, they will fall onto the conical roller 603, and when the potatoes fall onto the conical roller 603, the drive motor 601 can be started, and after starting the drive motor 601, it will drive the drive shaft 607 to rotate, and after being decelerated by the planetary reducer 608, the drive shaft 607 will drive the movable shaft 602 to rotate, and when the movable shaft 602 rotates, it will drive the spiral roller brush 604 on the conical roller 603 to rotate, thereby cleaning the surface of the potatoes and cleaning the surface of the potatoes. The soil adhered to the surface is cleaned off. During the cleaning process, the sweet potatoes will move axially along the conical roller 603. The conical roller 603 is thick at the front and thin at the back. The gap between the conical rollers 603 will become larger and larger along the direction in which the sweet potatoes move forward. Sweet potatoes of different sizes will fall into the small fruit outlet 507, the medium fruit outlet 508 and the large fruit outlet 509 in turn, so that the sweet potatoes can be sorted while being cleaned. The cleaned soil will fall to the bottom of the sorting cabin 501. When the soil falls, the driving shaft 607 will drive the vertical transmission shaft 705 to rotate. When the vertical transmission shaft 705 rotates, it will drive the horizontal transmission shaft 704 to rotate. When the horizontal transmission shaft 704 rotates, it will drive the rotating shaft 703 to rotate. When the rotating shaft 703 rotates, it will drive the crossflow fan blades 701 to rotate at high speed in the discharge shell 702, thereby forming a negative pressure in the discharge shell 702, sucking the falling soil into the discharge shell 702 and discharging it, so that the soil is separated from the sweet potatoes.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device for a sweet potato harvester, comprising a harvester frame (2), a traction frame (1) being fixedly mounted on the harvester frame (2), a driving sprocket (4) being mounted inside the harvester frame (2), a conveying roller chain (3) being disposed on the driving sprocket (4), and characterized in that: The rear end of the harvester frame (2) is connected to a sorting mechanism (5), the sorting mechanism (5) comprising a sorting cabin (501) connected to the harvester frame (2), movable holes (502) being provided at both ends of the sorting cabin (501), dust outlets (504) being provided at both sides of the sorting cabin (501), a small fruit outlet (507), a medium fruit outlet (508) and a large fruit outlet (509) being fixedly mounted in sequence at the bottom of the sorting cabin (501), and the small fruit outlet (507), the medium fruit outlet (508) and the large fruit outlet (509) being staggered with each other, and a soil cleaning mechanism (6) being provided on the sorting cabin (501), the soil cleaning mechanism (6) comprising a movable shaft (602) rotatably mounted in the sorting cabin (501) and a driving motor (601) fixedly mounted at the front end of the sorting cabin (501), and a driving shaft being fixedly mounted at the output end of the driving motor (601). (607), and the end of the driving shaft (607) is fixedly mounted on the movable shaft (602), a conical roller (603) is fixedly mounted on the movable shaft (602), a spiral roller brush (604) is fixedly mounted on the conical roller (603), a synchronous gear (606) is fixedly mounted on the end of the movable shaft (602), and the synchronous gears (606) are meshed with each other, the dust outlet (504) is connected to a dust discharge mechanism (7), the dust discharge mechanism (7) comprises a discharge housing (702) fixedly mounted at the dust outlet (504), a crossflow fan blade (701) is rotatably mounted in the discharge housing (702), a rotating shaft (703) is fixedly mounted on the crossflow fan blade (701), a horizontal transmission shaft (704) is rotatably mounted at one end of the rotating shaft (703), and a vertical transmission shaft (705) is provided between the horizontal transmission shaft (704) and the driving shaft (607).

2. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tilling plow (8) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the traction frame (1), a driving roller (9) is fixedly mounted on the driving sprocket (4), a second movable wheel (10) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the harvester frame (2), a positioning wheel frame (505) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sorting cabin (501), and a first movable wheel (506) is rotatably mounted on the positioning wheel frame (505), a positioning shaft (503) is fixedly mounted on the sorting cabin (501), and the sorting cabin (501) is rotatably connected to the harvester frame (2) via the positioning shaft (503).

3. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The harvester frame (2) is provided with a rotation hole, and the positioning shaft (503) is rotatably mounted on the harvester frame (2) through the rotation hole.

4. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first movable wheel (506) is installed on the bottom of the sorting cabin (501) via a positioning wheel frame (505); a bearing is provided in the movable hole (502); the movable shaft (602) is rotatably installed in the movable hole (502) via the bearing; and the discharge shell (702) is connected to the sorting cabin (501) via a dust outlet (504).

5. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A planetary reducer (608) is provided on the driving shaft (607), and a protective cover (605) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the sorting cabin (501).

6. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving motor (601) is provided with a motor frame, and the driving motor (601) is fixed at the front end of the sorting cabin (501) via the motor frame.

7. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conical roller (603) is rotatably mounted in the sorting chamber (501) via a movable shaft (602); the spiral roller brush (604) is rotatably mounted in the sorting chamber (501) via the conical roller (603); a coupling is provided at the output end of the drive motor (601); and the drive shaft (607) is fixedly mounted at the output end of the drive motor (601) via the coupling.

8. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge housing (702) is provided with a mounting opening (707), and a bearing is provided in the mounting opening (707); the rotating shaft (703) is movably installed in the discharge housing (702) via the bearing; the driving shaft (607), the rotating shaft (703), the horizontal transmission shaft (704), and the vertical transmission shaft (705) are all provided with helical gears (706), and the helical gears (706) are meshed with each other.

9. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining frame is provided at the front end of the sorting cabin (501), and the horizontal transmission shaft (704) and the vertical transmission shaft (705) are both rotatably mounted at the front end of the sorting cabin (501) via the retaining frame.

10. The rear-mounted traction suspension type sweet potato soil cleaning device of a sweet potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossflow fan blade (701) is rotatably mounted in the discharge casing (702) via a rotating shaft (703).

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