Four-roller type cotton stalk pulling and rubbing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-roller type cotton stalk pulling and rubbing device which comprises a rack, the rack is of a square frame structure, and a soil crushing mechanism, a seedling pulling roller, a pulling mechanism and a rubbing mechanism are sequentially arranged in the length direction of the rack; during working, the soil crushing mechanism is used for crushing soil at the roots of cotton stalks, so that the cotton stalks fall down in the direction close to the seedling pulling roller; the driving motor can drive the seedling pulling roller to rotate downwards around the axis of the seedling pulling roller in the direction close to the soil crushing mechanism through the transmission system, and then cotton stalks are conveyed into the pulling-up mechanism through the seedling pulling roller. Meanwhile, the pulling-up mechanism can pull up the cotton stalks by rotating around the axis of the pulling-up mechanism, and finally the cotton stalks are kneaded into filaments through the kneading mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to a four-roller cotton stalk pulling and kneading device. Background Art

[0002] As the largest cotton-growing region in my country, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region will produce 5.39 million tons of cotton in 2022. 6 t, accounting for 90.2% of the country's total output; cotton straw is an important agricultural biomass resource with high recycling value. It can be used as a raw material for power generation, papermaking, feed, etc. However, the current cotton stalk recycling rate is less than 1 / 10 of the total output, and most of it is recycled by manual picking, which is labor-intensive, costly and extremely low in productivity.

[0003] At present, the main way to deal with cotton stalks in China is to directly crush them and return them to the fields. However, the stubble left in the fields is not easy to rot in the soil, and the roots of cotton often host a large number of pathogens, which will not only affect the quality of operations such as residual film recovery, sowing and film laying, but also greatly increase the incidence of diseases and pests in cotton fields. Therefore, the cotton stalks must be uprooted.

[0004] In the existing technology, there is still a lack of whole-plant cotton stalk pulling devices on the market. Some devices under development have low operating efficiency and cannot meet the needs of large-scale cotton planting in Xinjiang. Although some devices can pull out the cotton, the pulling rate of the devices is low, and a considerable number of cotton stalks will still remain in the soil. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a four-roller cotton stalk pulling and rubbing device to solve the problems of low operating efficiency, inability to meet the needs of large-scale cotton stalk pulling, and low pulling rate of existing equipment in the prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A four-roller cotton stalk pulling and kneading device comprises a frame, a soil crushing mechanism, a reed roller, a pulling mechanism and a kneading mechanism; wherein the frame is a square frame structure; the soil crushing mechanism is located at one end of the frame along its length direction and is detachably fixedly connected to the frame; a plurality of tires for movement are provided at the other end of the frame along its length direction; the reed roller is located on the frame, close to the soil crushing mechanism, and the reed roller is rotatably connected to the frame; the pulling mechanism is located between the reed roller and the tire, close to the reed roller, and is rotatably connected to the frame; the kneading mechanism is located between the pulling mechanism and the tire, close to the pulling mechanism, and is rotatably connected to the frame; The frame is also provided with a transmission system and a reversing system, and the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism are connected to the driving mechanism through the transmission system and the reversing system, so that the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism to rotate; When working, the soil crushing mechanism is used to crush the soil at the roots of the cotton stalks, so that the cotton stalks fall towards the direction close to the reed roller; the driving mechanism can drive the reed roller to rotate downward towards the direction close to the soil crushing mechanism through the reversing system and the transmission system, so that the reed roller transfers the cotton stalks close to the reed roller to the pulling-up mechanism; at the same time, after the pulling-up mechanism pulls up the cotton stalks, it transfers them to the rubbing mechanism to rub the cotton stalks.

[0007] Preferably, a traction frame is further provided at one end of the frame close to the soil crushing mechanism. The traction frame is located above the soil crushing mechanism and is fixedly connected to the frame for being detachably connected to a traction vehicle.

[0008] Preferably, the soil crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of blades, which are evenly spaced along the width direction of the frame, one end of the blade is detachably connected to the frame, and the other end is bent in a direction away from the frame and then continues to extend downward to form a scraping end.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of reed blades are provided on the reed roller, and the reed blades are spaced apart along the circumference of the reed roller; the length direction of the reed blades is parallel to the axial direction of the reed roller, and one side edge of the reed blades along the length direction is fixedly connected to the reed roller, so that a V-shaped groove is formed between two adjacent reed blades.

[0010] Preferably, two height adjustment mechanisms are respectively provided at both ends of the paddle roller along its length direction, and the height adjustment mechanism includes a fixing frame and a plurality of adjusting screws; wherein the adjusting screws are spaced apart along the length direction of the fixing frame, one end of the adjusting screw passes through the fixing frame and extends into a sleeve and is threadedly connected to the sleeve, and the bottom end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the frame; a fixed bearing seat is provided above the other end of the adjusting screw, the bottom of the fixed bearing seat is rotatably connected to the adjusting screw, and the roller shaft of the paddle roller passes through the fixed bearing seat and is fixedly connected to the transmission system; an adjusting nut is sleeved on the adjusting screw, and the adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw, and rotating the adjusting nut can move the adjusting screw up and down along the length direction of the sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the pulling-up mechanism comprises an upper pulling-up roller and a lower pulling-up roller; wherein the upper pulling-up roller is located between the reed roller and the tire and below the side of the reed roller close to the tire, the axis of the upper pulling-up roller is parallel to the axis of the reed roller, and the two ends of the upper pulling-up roller are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along the width direction thereof for rotation; the lower pulling-up roller is located below the upper pulling-up roller and close to the side of the tire, the axis of the lower pulling-up roller is parallel to the axis of the upper pulling-up roller, and the two ends of the lower pulling-up roller are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along the width direction thereof for rotation; a gap I is provided between the outer surface of the upper pulling-up roller on the side close to the lower pulling-up roller and the outer surface of the lower pulling-up roller on the side close to the upper pulling-up roller; the roller shafts of the upper pulling-up roller and the lower pulling-up roller on the same side of the frame are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission system.

[0012] Preferably, a floating mechanism is also provided at one end of the upper pulling roller close to the conveying system; the floating mechanism includes a floating rod, a floating spring and a pressing plate; the pressing plate is located above the upper pulling roller, one end of the pressing plate is fixedly connected to the frame, and the other end thereof is provided with an opening; a connecting bearing seat is provided at one end of the floating rod, the connecting bearing seat is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft of the upper pulling roller and is fixedly connected to the floating rod; a connecting rod is provided at the other end of the floating rod, the length direction of the connecting rod is perpendicular to the length direction of the floating rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the floating rod, and the other end passes through the opening on the pressing plate and continues to extend in a direction away from the pressing plate; the floating spring is sleeved on the connecting rod, one end of the floating spring is fixedly connected to the floating rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the kneading mechanism comprises an upper kneading roller and a lower kneading roller, the upper kneading roller is located above the side of the upper pulling-up roller close to the tire, and the lower kneading roller is located below the upper kneading roller and above the side of the lower pulling-up roller close to the tire; the axes of the upper kneading roller and the lower kneading roller are parallel to the axes of the reed-pulling roller; the two ends of the upper kneading roller along its length direction are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along its width direction for rotation, and the two ends of the lower kneading roller along its length direction are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along its width direction for rotation; a gap II is provided between the outer surface of the upper kneading roller on the side close to the lower kneading roller and the outer surface of the lower kneading roller on the side close to the upper kneading roller; the roller shafts of the upper kneading roller and the lower kneading roller on the same side of the frame are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission system.

[0014] Preferably, the reversing system is a reversing gear box, which is located between the soil crushing mechanism and the reed roller and is fixedly connected to the frame; the reversing gear box has a transmission shaft and a drive shaft, the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the transmission system, so that the driving end of the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism to rotate through the reversing gear box and the transmission system.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission system includes a first driving wheel, a first driven wheel, a second driven wheel, and a third driven wheel; wherein the first driving wheel, the first driven wheel, the second driven wheel, and the third driven wheel are all located on the same side of the frame; the first driving wheel is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft of the reversing gear box, so that the first driving wheel can rotate around the axis of the first driving wheel under the drive of the reversing gear box; the first driven wheel is located at one end of the reed roller and is fixedly connected to its roller shaft, the second driven wheel is located at one end of the upper pulling roller and is fixedly connected to its roller shaft, and the third driven wheel is located at one end of the upper rubbing roller and is fixedly connected to its roller shaft; one end of the first driving belt One end is sleeved on the outside of the first driving wheel, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the first driven wheel; one end of the first driven belt is sleeved on the outside of the first driven wheel, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the second driven wheel; one end of the second driven belt is sleeved on the outside of the second driven wheel, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the third driven wheel; a belt groove I and a belt groove II are provided on the outer surface of the first driven wheel, and the belt groove I and the belt groove II are both arranged along the circumference of the first driven wheel, and the belt groove I and the belt groove II are spaced apart along the length direction of the first driven wheel; the first driven belt is located in the belt groove I, and the second driven belt is located in the belt groove II; The transmission system also includes a second driving wheel, a fourth driven wheel, a fifth driven wheel, a reversing wheel and a tensioning wheel, and the second driving wheel, the fourth driven wheel, the fifth driven wheel, the reversing wheel and the tensioning wheel are all located on the side of the frame away from the first driving wheel; wherein the second driving wheel is located at the other end of the upper pulling roller away from the second driven wheel, and is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the upper pulling roller; the fourth driven wheel is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the end of the lower pulling roller away from the driving wheel, and the fifth driven wheel is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the end of the lower rubbing roller away from the driving wheel; the reversing wheel is rotatably connected to the frame, and is located between the fourth driven wheel and the tire and below the fifth driven wheel; the tensioning wheel is located below the second driving wheel and the fourth driven wheel is close to the reeding wheel One side of the roller and is connected to the frame for rotation; one end of the second driving belt is sleeved on the outside of the second driving wheel, and the other end extends downward and is sleeved on the outside of the reversing wheel, then bypasses the outer wall of the fourth driven wheel close to the second driving wheel and is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning wheel; one end of the third driven belt is sleeved on the outside of the fourth driven wheel, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the fifth driven wheel; belt groove III and belt groove IV are respectively provided on the outside of the fourth driven wheel; belt groove III and belt groove IV are both arranged along the circumference of the fourth driven wheel, and belt groove III and belt groove IV are spaced apart along the length direction of the fourth driven wheel; the second driving belt is located in belt groove III, and the third driven belt is located in belt groove IV.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention firstly breaks the soil at the roots of cotton stalks and guides the cotton stalks to fall down through the coordinated design of the soil crushing mechanism and the reed roller. The soil crushing pretreatment can significantly reduce the resistance to stalk pulling and reduce energy consumption. Then, the four-roller pulling-kneading mechanism is used to complete the integrated operation of stalk pulling, conveying and kneading. The structure of the reed roller is further improved. The V-groove blade design can accurately guide the cotton stalks into the pulling-up mechanism. Compared with similar transmission structures, it can effectively reduce the problem of missed pulling of traditional equipment in row operations. The double-roller gap design in the pulling-up mechanism and the kneading mechanism can ensure that the cotton stalks can be pulled up as a whole plant, and at the same time, the cotton stalks after the whole plant is pulled up can be kneaded in multiple stages to make them soft filaments, which are beneficial to ruminants' feeding and digestion, and are also convenient for subsequent further processing, solving the problem that the subsequent utilization and processing are difficult due to the high degree of lignification of the cotton stalks. Compared with the existing equipment, the present invention can better adapt to the processing needs of cotton stalks of different thicknesses.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts a transmission system composed of a reversing gear box and a multi-stage belt, and drives the plowing roller, upper and lower pulling rollers and upper and lower rubbing rollers in sections through the reversing gear box and the transmission system to operate synchronously; compared with other equipment in the prior art, the present invention has a more stable mechanical transmission structure while minimizing the number of parts and simplifying the equipment structure, and dynamically adjusts the distance between the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller through a floating mechanism, which can adapt to the traction requirements of cotton stalks of different diameters and reduce the risk of jamming; at the same time, the height adjustment mechanism of the plowing roller can adjust the operating depth according to the field terrain, which is more flexible and is particularly suitable for complex plots.

[0018] 3. The frame of the present invention adopts a square frame and a detachable soil-breaking blade design, which is convenient for replacing worn parts, and the belt groove design of the transmission system avoids interference between multiple belts and improves transmission efficiency; at the same time, the four-roller structure (upper / lower pulling rollers + upper / lower rubbing rollers) reduces the load of a single component through segmented processing and extends the service life; ultimately, the problems of reducing pulling resistance, pulling out the entire cotton stalk, and rubbing the cotton stalks are solved, and the soil-breaking mechanism has the function of adjustable height. The modules of the whole machine are closely connected, the power consumption is small, the reliability is high, and the different requirements of cotton stalk pulling can be met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a four-roller cotton stalk pulling and kneading device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure among the first driving wheel, the first driven wheel, the second driven wheel and the third driven wheel.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the height adjustment mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second driving wheel, the fourth driven wheel, the fifth driven wheel, the reversing wheel and the tensioning wheel in the transmission system.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the floating mechanism.

[0024] In the figure: frame 1, straw roller 2, tire 3, traction frame 4, shovel blade 5, straw blade 6, fixed frame 7, adjusting screw 8, fixed bearing seat 9, adjusting nut 10, upper pulling roller 11, lower pulling roller 12, floating rod 13, floating spring 14, pressing plate 15, connecting bearing seat 16, connecting rod 17, upper rubbing roller 18, lower rubbing roller 19, reversing gear box 20, first driving wheel 21, first driven wheel 22, second driven wheel 23, third driven wheel 24, first driving belt 25, first driven belt 26, second driven belt 27, second driving wheel 28, fourth driven wheel 29, fifth driven wheel 30, reversing wheel 31, tensioning wheel 32, second driving belt 33, third driven belt 34. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise indicated in specific cases in the present invention, the numerical ranges listed herein include the upper and lower limits, and all integers and fractions within the range, and are not limited to the specific values ​​listed when defining the range.

[0027] The present invention provides a four-roller cotton stalk pulling and kneading device, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a frame 1, a soil crushing mechanism, a reed roller 2, a pulling mechanism and a kneading mechanism; wherein the frame 1 is a square frame structure; the soil crushing mechanism is located at one end of the frame 1 along its length direction, and is detachably fixedly connected to the frame 1; a plurality of tires 3 for movement are provided at the other end of the frame 1 along its length direction; the reed roller 2 is located on the frame 1, close to the soil crushing mechanism, and the roller shafts at both ends of the reed roller 2 are rotatably connected to the frame 1 respectively; the pulling mechanism is located between the reed roller 2 and the tire 3 and close to the reed roller 2, and the pulling mechanism is rotatably connected to the frame 1; the kneading mechanism is located between the pulling mechanism and the tire 3 and close to the pulling mechanism, and the kneading mechanism is rotatably connected to the frame 1; The frame is also provided with a transmission system and a reversing system, and the reed roller 2, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism are connected to the driving mechanism through the transmission system and the reversing system, so that the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism to rotate; When working, the soil crushing mechanism is used to crush the soil at the root of the cotton stalks, so that the cotton stalks fall toward the direction close to the reed roller; the driving mechanism can drive the reed roller to rotate downward toward the direction close to the soil crushing mechanism through the reversing system and the transmission system, so that the reed roller transfers the cotton stalks close to the reed roller to the pulling-up mechanism; at the same time, after the pulling-up mechanism pulls up the cotton stalks, it transfers them to the rubbing mechanism to rub the cotton stalks. In actual application, the device of the present invention can perform cotton stalk pulling-up operations under the traction of a traction vehicle, and the device is detachably fixedly connected to the traction vehicle. The driving mechanism can be provided with a driving motor alone, or it can be driven by the driving system of the traction vehicle in cooperation with the reversing system. The present invention does not limit the type of traction vehicle, and various agricultural or other vehicles can be used in the present invention. Here, a tractor commonly used in agriculture is used as an example. The rear power output shaft of the tractor is firstly connected to the reversing system for rotation, and then connected to the transmission system for transmission, so that the rear output shaft of the tractor can simultaneously drive the reed roller, the pulling-up mechanism and the kneading mechanism to rotate through the reversing system and the transmission system. The rear output shaft of the tractor can drive the reed roller to rotate downward around the axis of the reed roller toward the direction close to the soil crushing mechanism through the transmission system, so that the cotton stalks are transmitted from the bottom of the reed roller to the pulling-up mechanism by the inertia of the reed roller; at the same time, the pulling-up mechanism can firmly clamp the cotton stalks through relative rotation and then pull up the whole plant, and then the kneading mechanism can knead the cotton stalks through relative rotation, finally realizing the pulling-up and kneading of the whole plant of cotton stalks.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a traction frame 4 is also provided at one end of the frame 1 near the soil crushing mechanism, and the traction frame 4 is located above the soil crushing mechanism and is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and is used to be detachably connected to a traction vehicle. In actual use, the traction vehicle can be detachably fixedly connected to the pulling and kneading device through the traction frame, for example, the traction frame can be connected to the traction vehicle through a three-point suspension, and then drive the pulling and kneading device to pull up and knead the cotton stalks.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the soil crushing mechanism includes a plurality of blades 5, and the blades 5 are evenly spaced along the width direction of the frame 1. One end of the blade 5 is detachably connected to the frame 1, and the other end thereof is bent in a direction away from the frame 1 and then continues to extend downward to form a scraping end. The position of the blade 5 at the front end of the frame 1 and the height of the blade can be adjusted in time according to the actual situation of cotton planting. The function of the blade is to crush the soil at the root of the cotton, and at the same time, by using the function of shoveling the soil downward, the cotton stalk is shoveled up and made to fall toward the direction of the reed roller, so that the cotton stalk can smoothly enter the bottom of the reed roller, and enter the pulling mechanism under the rotation of the reed roller, so as to pull up the cotton stalk. Most of the existing roller-type pulling devices adopt a non-soil pulling method, that is, there is a lack of a soil crushing mechanism, which leads to a large pulling resistance of the cotton stalk, and the phenomenon of broken stalks and missed pulling is more obvious. The blade of the present invention can not only play the role of shoveling the soil at the root of the cotton stalk and reducing the pulling resistance, but also further ensure the falling direction of the cotton stalk, so that as many cotton stalks as possible fall toward the reed roller, and then pull up most of the cotton stalks.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1~2 As shown, the reel roller 2 is located on the side of the blade 5 away from the shoveling end, and the two ends of the reel roller 2 are rotatably connected to the frame 1 on opposite sides along the width direction thereof, so that the axis of the reel roller 2 and the length direction of the frame 1 are perpendicular to each other; the roller shaft at one end of the reel roller 2 is fixedly connected to the transmission system, so that the driving mechanism can drive the reel roller to rotate downward around the axis of the reel roller toward the direction close to the soil crushing mechanism through the reversing system and the transmission system.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1~2 As shown, a plurality of reed blades 6 are provided on the reed roller 2, and the reed blades 6 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the reed roller 2; the length direction of the reed blades 6 is parallel to the axial direction of the reed roller 2, and one side of the reed blades 6 along the length direction is fixedly connected to the reed roller 2, so that a V-shaped groove is formed between two adjacent reed blades 6, so that the cotton stalks can be placed on the outside of the reed blades, thereby ensuring that the cotton stalks can enter the pulling mechanism under the transportation of the reed roller.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3As shown, two height adjustment mechanisms are respectively provided at both ends of the reed roller 2 along its length direction, and the height adjustment mechanism includes a fixing frame 7 and a plurality of adjusting screws 8; wherein the adjusting screws 8 are spaced apart along the length direction of the fixing frame 7, one end of the adjusting screw 8 passes through the fixing frame 7 and extends into a sleeve, and is threadedly connected to the sleeve, and the bottom end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the frame; a fixed bearing seat 9 is provided above the other end of the adjusting screw 8, the bottom of the fixed bearing seat 9 is rotatably connected to the adjusting screw 8, and the roller shaft of the reed roller 2 is fixedly connected to the transmission system after passing through the fixed bearing seat 9; an adjusting nut 10 is sleeved on the adjusting screw 8, the adjusting nut 10 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 8, and the bottom of the adjusting nut 10 abuts against the fixing frame 7, and rotating the adjusting nut 10 can make the adjusting screw move up and down along the length direction of the sleeve, thereby adjusting the height of the reed roller so that it can meet the needs of plucking cotton stalks of different heights.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1~2As shown, the pulling mechanism includes an upper pulling roller 11 and a lower pulling roller 12; wherein the upper pulling roller 11 is located between the reed roller 2 and the tire 3, and is located below the reed roller 2 on the side close to the tire 3, the axis of the upper pulling roller 11 is parallel to the axis of the reed roller 2, and the two ends of the upper pulling roller 11 are respectively connected to the frame 1 along the opposite sides of the width direction thereof for rotation; the lower pulling roller 12 is located below the upper pulling roller 11 and close to the side of the tire 3, the axis of the lower pulling roller 12 is parallel to the axis of the upper pulling roller 11, and the lower pulling roller 12 is connected to the frame 1 along the opposite sides of the width direction thereof for rotation; The two ends are rotatably connected to the frame 1 on opposite sides along the width direction thereof; there is a gap I between the outer surface of the upper pulling roller 11 close to the lower pulling roller 12 and the outer surface of the lower pulling roller 12 close to the upper pulling roller 11. The size of the gap I is not easy to be too large. When the cotton stalk enters the gap I between the upper pulling roller 11 and the lower pulling roller 12, the upper pulling roller 11 and the lower pulling roller 12 can squeeze the cotton stalk, thereby exerting a force to pull the cotton stalk upward. If the gap I is too large, the cotton stalk will slide between the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller and will not be able to play a pulling role. However, the size of the gap I can be adjusted accordingly according to the size of the cotton stalk stem to meet the pulling of different varieties of cotton stalks. The roller shafts of the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller on the same side of the frame are fixedly connected to the transmission system respectively. When working, the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller rotate in opposite directions. In short, the upper pulling roller rotates downward in the direction close to the reed roller, and the lower pulling roller rotates upward in the direction close to the reed roller, which enables the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller to firmly clamp the cotton stalks delivered by the reed roller on the side facing the reed roller, and then through further rotation, downward and upward pressure is applied to the upper and lower parts of the cotton stalks at the same time, thereby achieving the pulling up of the cotton stalks and ensuring that the cotton stalks will not slip out of the pulling mechanism; at the same time, it is precisely because the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller rotate relative to each other that the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller rotate in the direction close to each other on the side close to the reed roller, which squeezes the cotton stalks and also transports them in the direction close to the tire, and finally transmits the pulled up cotton stalks to the rubbing mechanism.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, in order to better demonstrate the connection structure between the floating mechanism and the upper pull-up roller, Figure 5The second driven wheel 23 connected to the upper pull-up roller 11 is removed, and a floating mechanism is provided at one end of the upper pull-up roller 11 close to the transmission system; the floating mechanism includes a floating rod 13, a floating spring 14 and a pressing plate 15; the pressing plate 15 is located above the upper pull-up roller 11, one end of the pressing plate 15 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the other end thereof is provided with an opening, the aperture of which is much larger than the rod diameter of the connecting rod 17, and does not affect the movement of the connecting rod 17; a connecting bearing seat 16 is provided at one end of the floating rod 13, and the connecting bearing seat 16 is provided at one end of the floating rod 13. The seat 16 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft of the upper pulling roller 11 and is fixedly connected to the floating rod 13; a connecting rod 17 is provided at the other end of the floating rod 13, and the length direction of the connecting rod 17 is perpendicular to the length direction of the floating rod 13. One end of the connecting rod 17 is fixedly connected to the floating rod 13, and the other end passes through the opening on the pressing plate 15 and continues to extend in the direction away from the pressing plate 15; the floating spring 14 is sleeved on the connecting rod 17, and one end of the floating spring 14 is fixedly connected to the floating rod 13, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 15. In actual implementation of the present invention, it is found that the pulling mechanism may use too much force when pulling up the cotton stalks, resulting in excessive damage to the cotton stalks, so that the cotton stalks are not pulled up as a whole and part of them remain in the ground. For this reason, the present invention designs a floating mechanism. When a large number of cotton stalks enter between the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller, the cotton stalks will also squeeze the upper pulling roller, thereby causing the upper pulling roller to be subjected to an upward force in the vertical direction. At this time, the floating rod 13 in the floating mechanism will move upward with the upper pulling roller. However, under the action of the pressing plate and the floating spring, the upper pulling roller will still exert a downward force on the cotton stalks, but this force will be much smaller than that of a completely fixed upper pulling roller, and this force can be automatically adjusted according to the thickness of the cotton stalks entering between the upper and lower pulling rollers. If the upper pulling-up roller is completely fixed and a large number of cotton stalks enter between the upper and lower pulling-up rollers, the force between the upper and lower pulling-up rollers will be too large and the cotton stalks will be directly clamped and broken, thereby causing some of the cotton stalks to fail to be pulled up as a whole plant and remain in the ground. The floating mechanism designed in the present invention can provide a buffer while ensuring the pulling-up force of the cotton stalks, thereby avoiding excessive damage to the cotton stalks, ensuring that the cotton stalks can be pulled up as a whole plant, and minimizing the amount of cotton stalks remaining in the ground.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2~3As shown, it also includes a kneading mechanism; the kneading mechanism includes an upper kneading roller 18 and a lower kneading roller 19, the upper kneading roller is located above the side of the upper pulling roller close to the tire, and the lower kneading roller is located below the upper kneading roller and above the side of the lower pulling roller close to the tire. The axis of the upper kneading roller and the axis of the lower kneading roller are parallel to the axis of the reed roller; the two ends of the upper kneading roller along its length direction are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along its width direction for rotation, and the two ends of the lower kneading roller along its length direction are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along its width direction for rotation; there is a gap II between the outer surface of the upper kneading roller close to the lower kneading roller and the outer surface of the lower kneading roller close to the upper kneading roller; the roller shafts of the upper kneading roller and the lower kneading roller on the same side of the frame are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission system; the driving mechanism drives the upper kneading roller to rotate downward toward the direction close to the reed roller through the transmission system, and at the same time, the lower kneading roller rotates upward toward the direction close to the reed roller. When the upper pulling roller, the lower pulling roller, the upper rubbing roller and the lower rubbing roller rotate at the same time, the upper pulling roller, the upper rubbing roller and the reeding roller rotate in the same direction; the lower pulling roller rotates in the same direction as the lower rubbing roller, and in the opposite direction to the reeding roller. Most of the existing cotton stalk pulling devices only have the function of pulling out the whole cotton stalk, and lack the cotton stalk post-processing process. Since the cotton stalk has a high degree of lignification, rubbing the cotton stalk can make it into a soft filament, which is beneficial for ruminants to eat and digest, and also convenient for subsequent further processing. Therefore, the present invention is provided with a rubbing mechanism, and the upper rubbing roller and the lower rubbing roller in the rubbing mechanism rotate in opposite directions, thereby forming a downward pulling force on the cotton stalk entering the gap II, and further applying a rubbing force to the pulled out cotton stalk, so that it can be better used for subsequent feed and other processing.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 2~4As shown, the reversing system is a reversing gearbox 20, which is located between the soil crushing mechanism and the reed roller and is fixedly connected to the frame. The reversing gearbox has a transmission shaft and a drive shaft, the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving mechanism, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the transmission system, so that the driving end of the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism to rotate through the reversing gearbox and the transmission system. In actual use, the reversing gearbox can adopt a 90° reversing gearbox, so that the length direction of the driving shaft and the length direction of the transmission shaft are at an angle of 90°. The transmission system includes a first driving wheel 21, a first driven wheel 22, a second driven wheel 23, and a third driven wheel 24. Among them, the first driving wheel 21, the first driven wheel 22, the second driven wheel 23 and the third driven wheel 24 are all located on the same side of the frame, that is, the first driving wheel 21, the first driven wheel 22, the second driven wheel 23 and the third driven wheel 24 are all located in the same plane. The first driving wheel 21 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft of the reversing gear box 20, so that the first driving wheel 21 can rotate around the axis of the first driving wheel 21 under the drive of the reversing gear box 20. The first driven wheel 22 is located at one end of the reed roller 2 and is fixedly connected to its roller shaft, the second driven wheel 23 is located at one end of the upper pulling roller 11 and is fixedly connected to its roller shaft, and the third driven wheel 24 is located at one end of the upper rubbing roller 18 and is fixedly connected to its roller shaft. One end of the first driving belt 25 is sleeved on the outside of the first driving wheel 21, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the first driven wheel 22. One end of the first driven belt 26 is sleeved on the outside of the first driven wheel 22, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the second driven wheel 23. One end of the second driven belt 27 is sleeved on the outside of the second driven wheel 23, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the third driven wheel 24. A belt groove I and a belt groove II are provided on the outer surface of the first driven wheel 22. The belt groove I and the belt groove II are both provided along the circumference of the first driven wheel 22, and the belt groove I and the belt groove II are spaced apart along the length direction of the first driven wheel 22. The first driven belt 25 is located in the belt groove I, and the second driven belt 26 is located in the belt groove II, so that the first driven belt 25 and the second driven belt 26 outside the first driven wheel 22 and the second driven wheel 23 can be prevented from interfering with each other due to displacement, thereby simplifying the structure of the equipment, improving the stability of the transmission system, facilitating maintenance and repair, and reducing the use cost. When the driving mechanism drives the first driving wheel 21 to rotate around the axis of the first driving wheel 21 through the reversing gear box, the first driving wheel 21 can simultaneously drive the first driven wheel 22 to rotate synchronously through the first driving belt 25, the first driven wheel 22 drives the second driven wheel 23 to rotate synchronously through the first driven belt 26, and the second driven wheel 23 drives the third driven wheel 24 to rotate synchronously through the second driven belt 27, thereby making the plowing roller 2, the upper pulling roller 11 and the upper rubbing roller 18 rotate around their respective axes at the same time, and the rotation directions of the plowing roller 2, the upper pulling roller 11 and the upper rubbing roller 18 are consistent.In the non-working state, the rotation direction of the reversing gear box 20 is not restricted. In the working state, the driving shaft of the reversing gear box 20 rotates downward toward the direction close to the soil crushing mechanism, so that the reed roller 2 rotates downward toward the direction close to the reversing gear box 20. When the cotton stalks fall toward the reed roller 2, the cotton stalks are driven by the rotation of the reed roller 2 and move toward the pulling mechanism, and then enter the pulling mechanism. The first driving wheel 21, the first driven wheel 22, the second driven wheel 23 and the third driven wheel 24 ensure that the rotation directions of the reed roller 2, the upper pulling roller 11 and the upper rubbing roller 18 are consistent. The transmission system further includes a second driving wheel 28, a fourth driven wheel 29, a fifth driven wheel 30, a reversing wheel 31 and a tensioning wheel 32, and the second driving wheel 28, the fourth driven wheel 29, the fifth driven wheel 30, the reversing wheel 31 and the tensioning wheel 32 are all located on the side of the frame 1 away from the first driving wheel 21; wherein the second driving wheel 28 is located at the other end of the upper pulling roller 11 away from the second driven wheel 23, and is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the upper pulling roller 11; the fourth driven wheel 29 The fifth driven wheel 30 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the lower pulling roller 12 at the end away from the first driving wheel 21, and the fifth driven wheel 30 is fixedly connected to the roller shaft of the lower rubbing roller 19 at the end away from the first driving wheel 21; the reversing wheel 31 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through the bearing seat, and is located between the fourth driven wheel 29 and the tire 3, and below the fifth driven wheel 30; the tensioning wheel 32 is located below the second driving wheel 28, on the side of the fourth driven wheel 29 close to the reed roller 2, and is rotatably connected to the frame 1; the second driving belt One end of the third driven belt 33 is sleeved on the outside of the second driving wheel 28, and the other end extends downward and is sleeved on the outside of the reversing wheel 31, then bypasses the outer wall of the fourth driven wheel 29 close to the second driving wheel 28 and is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning wheel 32; one end of the third driven belt 34 is sleeved on the outside of the fourth driven wheel 29, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the fifth driven wheel 30; belt grooves III and belt grooves IV are also provided on the outside of the fourth driven wheel 29; belt grooves III and belt grooves IV are both arranged along the circumference of the fourth driven wheel 29, and belt grooves III and belt grooves IV are spaced apart along the length direction of the fourth driven wheel 29; the second driving belt 33 is located in belt groove III, and the third driven belt 34 is located in belt groove IV, so that interference between the second driving belt and the third driven belt on the outside of the fourth driven wheel due to displacement can be prevented, thereby simplifying the equipment structure while improving the stability of the transmission system, facilitating maintenance and overhaul, and reducing the cost of use. When the upper pulling roller 11 rotates, the upper pulling roller can drive the second driving wheel to rotate together. At the same time, the second driving wheel 28 drives the lower pulling roller 12 to rotate around the axis of the lower pulling roller through the second driving belt 33, thereby realizing the opposite rotation of the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller. The lower pulling roller 12 drives the lower rubbing roller 19 to rotate around the axis of the lower rubbing roller through the third driven belt 34, thereby realizing the opposite rotation of the upper rubbing roller 18 and the lower rubbing roller 19.When designing the transmission system, the present invention found that when the transmission system of the prior art wants to achieve the effect described in the present invention, it often has problems such as complex structure, a large number of parts and poor stability. Therefore, the present invention not only considers the stability of the entire device, but also considers simplifying the equipment as much as possible to facilitate the maintenance and maintenance of operators, thereby reducing the actual application cost, and further facilitating the promotion and application of the present invention. For this reason, the present invention unexpectedly found that the use of the transmission system described in the present invention can not only achieve the purpose of the present invention, but also the stability of the entire device in actual application is very good. Even if a fault occurs, the operator can quickly perform repairs without the need for additional training for the operator, and has a good application prospect.

[0037] Compared with the existing whole-plant cotton stalk pulling device, the present invention has three functions: breaking the soil at the root of the cotton stalk, pulling out the whole cotton stalk, and rubbing the cotton stalk. While ensuring the structural completion of the whole cotton stalk, it has a high cotton stalk pulling rate, and realizes the integrated operation of pulling out the whole cotton stalk and rubbing. The device of the present invention and the cotton stalk pulling device purchased on the existing market are actually operated in fields with the same area and the same number of cotton stalks planted, and the number of cotton stalks pulled out and the number of broken cotton stalks are calculated to be compared with the total cotton stalk planting amount. The results of the field test show that the cotton stalk pulling rate of the present invention is 95%, and the breaking rate is 2%, while the pulling rate of the existing cotton stalk pulling device is generally 80%-90%, and the breaking rate is about 5%. Therefore, compared with the existing device, the present invention has a higher pulling rate and cotton stalk integrity.

[0038] The working process of the present invention is as follows: The device of the present invention adopts a three-point rear suspension operation mode of a tractor. During operation, multiple groups of soil crushing mechanisms at the front of the device are aligned with the cotton stalk rows respectively. When the tractor drives the device forward, two adjacent soil crushing knives in each group of soil crushing mechanisms crush and loosen the soil on both sides of the cotton stalk rows. The power of the rear output shaft of the tractor is transmitted to the reversing gear box through the universal joint transmission shaft. The reversing gear box drives the first driving wheel to rotate through the driving shaft. The first driving wheel drives the first driven wheel to rotate through the first driving belt, and then drives the reed roller to rotate. The rotation of the reed roller applies a lodging force to the cotton stalks, so that the cotton stalks lodge in the direction of the lifting and pulling gap formed by the upper and lower lifting and pulling rollers; the first driven wheel drives the second driven wheel to rotate through the first driven belt, and then drives the reed roller to rotate. The upper pulling roller is driven to rotate, and the second driving wheel at the other end of the upper pulling roller drives the lower pulling roller to rotate through the second driving belt. The upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller rotate in opposite directions, apply a pulling force to the cotton stalks fed between the two rollers, and pull the whole cotton stalk out of the soil; the upper pulling roller drives the second driven wheel to rotate, and the second driven wheel drives the third driven wheel to rotate through the second driven belt, thereby driving the upper rubbing roller to rotate, and the lower pulling roller drives the fourth driven wheel at one end to rotate, and the fourth driven wheel drives the fifth driven wheel to rotate through the third driven belt, thereby driving the lower rubbing roller to rotate, and the upper rubbing roller and the lower rubbing roller rotate in opposite directions, and the two rubbing rollers apply squeezing and rubbing force to the pulled cotton stalks, and rub the cotton stalks to facilitate subsequent uses such as feed.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solution. Those skilled in the art should understand that those modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solution should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-roller cotton stalk pulling and kneading device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a soil crushing mechanism, a reed roller (2), a pulling mechanism and a kneading mechanism; wherein the frame is a square frame structure; the soil crushing mechanism is located at one end of the frame along its length direction and is detachably fixedly connected to the frame; a plurality of tires (3) for movement are provided at the other end of the frame along its length direction; the reed roller (2) is located on the frame (1) and close to the soil crushing mechanism, and the reed roller is rotatably connected to the frame; the pulling mechanism is located between the reed roller and the tire and close to the reed roller, and the pulling mechanism is rotatably connected to the frame; the kneading mechanism is located between the pulling mechanism and the tire and close to the pulling mechanism, and the kneading mechanism is rotatably connected to the frame; The frame is also provided with a transmission system and a reversing system, and the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism are connected to the driving mechanism through the transmission system and the reversing system, so that the driving mechanism can simultaneously drive the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism to rotate; When working, the soil crushing mechanism is used to crush the soil at the roots of the cotton stalks, so that the cotton stalks fall towards the direction close to the reed roller; the driving mechanism can drive the reed roller to rotate downward towards the direction close to the soil crushing mechanism through the reversing system and the transmission system, so that the reed roller transfers the cotton stalks close to the reed roller to the pulling-up mechanism; at the same time, after the pulling-up mechanism pulls up the cotton stalks, it transfers them to the rubbing mechanism to rub the cotton stalks.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A traction frame (4) is also provided at one end of the frame close to the soil crushing mechanism. The traction frame is located above the soil crushing mechanism and is fixedly connected to the frame for detachable connection with a traction vehicle.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of blades (5) which are evenly spaced along the width direction of the frame, one end of the blade being detachably connected to the frame, and the other end of the blade being bent in a direction away from the frame and then continuing to extend downward to form a scraping end.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reed blades (6) are provided on the reed roller, and the reed blades are spaced apart along the circumference of the reed roller; the length direction of the reed blades is parallel to the axial direction of the reed roller, and one side of the reed blades along the length direction is fixedly connected to the reed roller, so that a V-shaped groove is formed between two adjacent reed blades.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two height adjustment mechanisms are respectively provided at both ends of the reed roller along its length direction, and the height adjustment mechanisms include a fixing frame (7) and a plurality of adjustment screws (8); wherein the adjustment screws are spaced apart along the length direction of the fixing frame, one end of the adjustment screw passes through the fixing frame and extends into a sleeve and is threadedly connected to the sleeve, and the bottom end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the frame; a fixed bearing seat (9) is provided above the other end of the adjustment screw, the bottom of the fixed bearing seat is rotatably connected to the adjustment screw, and the roller shaft of the reed roller passes through the fixed bearing seat and is fixedly connected to the transmission system; an adjustment nut (10) is sleeved on the adjustment screw, and the adjustment nut is threadedly connected to the adjustment screw, and rotating the adjustment nut can cause the adjustment screw to move up and down along the length direction of the sleeve.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulling mechanism comprises an upper pulling roller (11) and a lower pulling roller (12); wherein the upper pulling roller is located between the reed roller and the tire and below the reed roller on the side close to the tire, the axis of the upper pulling roller is parallel to the axis of the reed roller, and the two ends of the upper pulling roller are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the frame along the width direction; the lower pulling roller is located below the upper pulling roller and on the side close to the tire, the axis of the lower pulling roller is parallel to the axis of the upper pulling roller, and the two ends of the lower pulling roller are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the frame along the width direction; a gap I is formed between the outer surface of the upper pulling roller on the side close to the lower pulling roller and the outer surface of the lower pulling roller on the side close to the upper pulling roller; the roller shafts of the upper pulling roller and the lower pulling roller on the same side of the frame are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission system.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A floating mechanism is also provided at one end of the upper pull-up roller close to the transmission system; the floating mechanism comprises a floating rod (13), a floating spring (14) and a pressing plate (15); the pressing plate is located above the upper pull-up roller, one end of the pressing plate is fixedly connected to the frame, and the other end thereof is provided with an opening; a connecting bearing seat (16) is provided at one end of the floating rod, the connecting bearing seat is sleeved on the outer side of the upper pull-up roller shaft and is fixedly connected to the floating rod; a connecting rod (17) is provided at the other end of the floating rod, the length direction of the connecting rod is perpendicular to the length direction of the floating rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the floating rod, and the other end passes through the opening on the pressing plate and continues to extend in a direction away from the pressing plate; the floating spring is sleeved on the connecting rod, one end of the floating spring is fixedly connected to the floating rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressing plate.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kneading mechanism comprises an upper kneading roller (18) and a lower kneading roller (19), wherein the upper kneading roller is located above the side of the upper pulling roller close to the tire, and the lower kneading roller is located below the upper kneading roller and above the side of the lower pulling roller close to the tire; the axes of the upper kneading roller and the lower kneading roller are parallel to the axis of the reed-pulling roller; the two ends of the upper kneading roller along its length direction are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along its width direction for rotation, and the two ends of the lower kneading roller along its length direction are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the frame along its width direction for rotation; a gap II is provided between the outer surface of the upper kneading roller close to the lower kneading roller and the outer surface of the lower kneading roller close to the upper kneading roller; the roller shafts of the upper kneading roller and the lower kneading roller located on the same side of the frame are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission system.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reversing system is a reversing gear box (20), which is located between the soil crushing mechanism and the reed roller and is fixedly connected to the frame; the reversing gear box has a transmission shaft and a drive shaft, the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the drive end of the drive mechanism, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the transmission system, so that the drive end of the drive mechanism can simultaneously drive the reed roller, the pulling mechanism and the kneading mechanism to rotate through the reversing gear box and the transmission system.

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