Method for rapidly detecting application safety of organic fertilizer indoors

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for rapidly detecting the application safety of an organic fertilizer indoors, which mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a composition containing organic fertilizers and sand in different proportions, adding a proper amount of water to prepare a germination substrate, and setting a control group without adding the organic fertilizers; the method comprises the following steps: sowing crops in a germination substrate, then putting the sown substrate into an incubator, culturing according to the appropriate temperature and illumination time of the crops, and finally investigating the growth condition of the crops and calculating the relative growth index so as to evaluate the safety of the organic fertilizer application on the growth of the crops. The method provides an effective indoor means for rapidly detecting the safety of the organic fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to an indoor method for quickly detecting the safety of organic fertilizer application. Background Art

[0002] The scale of animal husbandry in my country continues to increase, and the livestock farming mode has accelerated the transformation from family-based free-range farming to large-scale farming. my country produces up to 3.8 billion tons of livestock and poultry manure every year. The return of livestock and poultry manure to the fields is conducive to nutrient recycling, but the most important constraint is secondary pollution. Some excrement is chemically unstable and easily produces harmful substances. In addition, livestock and poultry manure may have toxic effects on plants and cause slow plant growth or plant damage due to insufficient biodegradation of organic matter. Therefore, most livestock and poultry manure is eventually used as organic fertilizer through composting to improve soil fertility and plant (crop) growth. However, the phytotoxicity of compost is an important issue before it is used in farmland.

[0003] Organic fertilizer is an indispensable fertilizer source in agricultural production. The methods of applying organic fertilizer include spreading on the surface of farmland soil and then rotary tillage, furrow application and hole application to increase soil fertility. Different fertilizer amounts and different fertilization methods may have different effects on crops. At present, the research and application of plant safety detection technology for products of the composting production process of livestock and poultry manure are more commonly used. It is mainly to detect the effect of the extract of compost products on the germination of plant seeds. Although it is fast and simple, it is still very different from the actual application scenario of organic fertilizer. The changes of organic fertilizer in the soil environment and the influence of solid substances in organic fertilizer are directly ignored. Or the organic fertilizer is directly applied to the field and tested during the growth of crops, which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for detecting the safety of crops by mixing boxed sand with organic fertilizer.

[0004] 201810391039.9 A method for rapid detection of the safety of biological organic fertilizer to plants The invention patent application discloses a technical solution that sets an organic fertilizer matrix and a control matrix, sows seeds, and observes the germination and root growth. This method cannot evaluate the safety of organic fertilizer matrices of different concentrations. In actual agricultural production, farmers often need to adjust the application amount of organic fertilizer according to the growth needs of crops and soil conditions. However, this technical solution only sets the organic fertilizer matrix and the control matrix, and does not consider the effect of organic fertilizer matrices of different concentrations on plant growth. Therefore, this solution cannot provide farmers with specific guidance on the application amount of organic fertilizer, nor can it evaluate the safety of organic fertilizer at different concentrations. The evaluation indicators are extensive and greatly affected by human factors. This method mainly focuses on germination and root growth. Although these indicators can reflect the effect of organic fertilizer on plant growth to a certain extent, they are relatively extensive. In actual operation, the evaluation of germination and root growth is often affected by many factors, such as soil moisture, temperature, light, etc. In addition, the subjective judgment of the evaluator may also affect the evaluation results, resulting in the limitation of the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results. The evaluation is not comprehensive enough and cannot be used to evaluate the safety of organic fertilizer application. It is not comprehensive enough to evaluate the safety of biological organic fertilizer to plants only by germination and root growth. It is not comprehensive enough to evaluate the safety of biological organic fertilizer to plants only by germination and root growth. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on careful research on the prior art, the present invention provides a method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application. The method is scientific and practical, has strong reproducibility, is easy to operate, is applicable to different types of composts and organic fertilizers made therefrom, and lays the foundation for the safe use of organic fertilizers in farmland.

[0006] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for indoor rapid detection of organic fertilizer application safety, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1: preparing a combination of organic fertilizer and sand with different organic fertilizer contents, and adding appropriate amount of water to each combination to uniformly prepare a germination matrix; and setting up a control group germination matrix without adding organic fertilizer;

[0010] S2: sowing seeds in germination medium;

[0011] S3: Place the plant in an incubator for culturing, and set the culturing conditions according to the appropriate temperature and light duration for the sown crops;

[0012] S4: Investigate crop growth after sowing, calculate crop relative growth index, and evaluate the safety of organic fertilizer application on crop growth.

[0013] Function of organic fertilizer: Organic fertilizer is rich in various nutrients and organic matter required for plant growth, which can promote the growth and development of crops. However, the nutrient content and type of organic fertilizer may vary depending on the source and preparation process, so experiments are needed to evaluate its specific effect on crop growth.

[0014] The role of sand: As a component of the germination matrix, sand can provide a stable physical structure, which is conducive to the root development and growth of crops. At the same time, sand can also regulate the humidity and air permeability of the germination matrix, providing good environmental conditions for crop growth. In addition, sand will not affect the role of organic fertilizers.

[0015] The role of water: Water is one of the indispensable factors for crop growth. When preparing the germination matrix, adding an appropriate amount of water can ensure that the matrix has appropriate humidity, which is conducive to seed germination and crop growth.

[0016] Influence of culture conditions: Culture conditions have an important impact on crop growth. Appropriate temperature and light duration can promote crop photosynthesis and nutrient absorption, thereby accelerating crop growth and development. Therefore, when setting culture conditions, reasonable adjustments should be made based on crop growth requirements and experimental purposes.

[0017] This method simulates the actual planting environment and evaluates the safety of organic fertilizer on crop growth at different concentrations. By calculating the relative growth index of crops, it can more accurately evaluate the impact of organic fertilizer on crop growth and provide a scientific basis for farmers to apply fertilizers. At the same time, this method also has the advantages of simple operation and low cost, and is suitable for indoor rapid detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application.

[0018] The method for quickly detecting the safety of organic fertilizer application indoors is characterized in that the sand is quartz sand, which is passed through a 6-mesh sieve and dried at 120°C.

[0019] The method for indoor rapid detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application, in the composition of organic fertilizer and sand, the organic fertilizer content is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%; the germination matrix of the control group is sand with an appropriate amount of water added.

[0020] In the method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application, in step S4, the growth of crops is investigated 7 days after sowing, and the relative growth index of the crops is calculated.

[0021] The method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application, in step S1, the germination matrix is ​​loaded into a germination box, the bottom of the germination box is covered with a layer of toilet paper; the bottom of the germination box has small holes, the germination box is embedded in a bottom plate filled with an appropriate amount of water, and the total volume of the germination matrix with different organic fertilizer concentrations is kept consistent.

[0022] In the method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application, in step S1, the composition of organic fertilizer and sand is: a mixture of organic fertilizer and sand; or organic fertilizer is spread on the bottom layer and covered with sand; or three layers of sand-organic fertilizer-sand.

[0023] The method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application, in step S2, sowing in a germination matrix, the sowing crop is selected from any crop; robust crop seeds are selected, 50 seeds are sown in each box of germination matrix; 3 portions of each concentration of germination matrix are sown; and compaction is performed after sowing.

[0024] A layer of toilet paper is placed at the bottom of the germination box. This design helps to maintain a stable humidity in the germination matrix and prevent the organic fertilizer matrix from leaking out of the small holes.

[0025] The bottom of the germination box is designed with small holes, which allow excess water to drain out of the substrate, preventing water accumulation from causing seed rot or growth stunting.

[0026] The germination box is embedded in a chassis filled with an appropriate amount of water. The water in the chassis penetrates into the germination box through small holes, providing a continuous and stable water supply to the substrate. This design not only ensures the humidity of the substrate, but also avoids the impact of direct watering on the seeds and substrate. The germination substrates with different organic fertilizer concentrations are kept in the same total volume when packed. This step ensures the uniformity and comparability of the experimental conditions. Only when the total volume is consistent can the effect of different organic fertilizer concentrations on crop growth be accurately evaluated.

[0027] The combination of organic fertilizer and sand can be in various forms, such as a mixture of organic fertilizer and sand, organic fertilizer spread on the bottom layer and covered with sand, sand-organic fertilizer-sand three layers, etc. These different combinations are intended to simulate different soil improvement schemes to evaluate the application effect of organic fertilizer under different soil conditions.

[0028] The sowing crop can be selected from any crop, depending on the purpose of the experiment and the type of crop required. The selection of robust crop seeds is to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results.

[0029] Each box of germination matrix was sown with 50 seeds. This number not only ensured the statistical significance of the experimental results, but also avoided space competition and resource limitations caused by too many seeds. Three copies of each concentration of germination matrix were sown. This design was to increase the repeatability and verifiability of the experiment. By repeating the experiment multiple times, the effect of organic fertilizer concentration on crop growth can be more effectively evaluated.

[0030] Compacting after sowing is to ensure close contact between the seeds and the substrate, which is conducive to seed germination and root growth.

[0031] The small holes at the bottom of the germination box and the water in the bottom tray enable precise management of the moisture of the germination matrix. This design not only ensures that the matrix has appropriate humidity, but also avoids the adverse effects of too much or too little moisture on seed germination and crop growth.

[0032] As the main source of nutrients, organic fertilizer provides the necessary nutrients for crop growth. Different concentrations of organic fertilizer form different nutrient environments in the matrix, so that the effect of organic fertilizer concentration on crop growth can be evaluated.

[0033] Different soil improvement schemes were simulated by combining organic fertilizer with sand in different ways. These combinations are designed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer application under different soil conditions and provide a scientific basis for actual agricultural production.

[0034] This method realizes the rapid detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application through fine experimental design and scientific working mechanism. This method is not only easy to operate and low in cost, but also can provide a scientific basis for farmers to apply fertilizer and promote the sustainable development of agricultural production.

[0035] In the method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application, in step S4, the method for calculating the relative growth index of crops is as follows: calculating the relative emergence rate (%); randomly selecting 20 crops from each germination matrix, drying them, and weighing them, recording them as dry matter mass, and calculating the relative dry matter mass (%);

[0036] Relative germination rate % = number of germinations in the treatment group / number of germinations in the control group × 100% (1)

[0037] Relative dry matter % = dry matter of treatment group / dry matter of control group × 100% (2)

[0038] The relative growth index is:

[0039] Relative growth index (%) = relative seed germination rate × relative dry matter mass / 100.

[0040] The relative emergence rate reflects the effect of organic fertilizer treatment on the germination ability of crop seeds. The treatment group refers to the crops in the germination medium with different concentrations of organic fertilizer added, while the control group refers to the crops in the germination medium without organic fertilizer added. By comparing the number of seedlings in the treatment group and the control group, the promotion or inhibition of organic fertilizer on the germination ability of crops can be evaluated.

[0041] Relative dry matter reflects the effect of organic fertilizer treatment on crop growth. Dry matter refers to the mass of the crop after water is removed after drying, which represents the biomass accumulation of the crop. By comparing the dry matter mass of the treatment group and the control group, the promotion or inhibition of organic fertilizer on crop growth can be evaluated.

[0042] The relative growth index is a comprehensive indicator that combines information on relative emergence rate and relative dry matter mass, and can more comprehensively reflect the impact of organic fertilizer treatment on the safety of crop growth. The higher the relative growth index, the stronger the promotion effect of organic fertilizer treatment on crop growth and the higher the safety; conversely, it means that organic fertilizer treatment may have a certain inhibitory effect or adverse effect on crop growth.

[0043] Organic fertilizer is rich in various nutrients and organic matter required for plant growth, which have an important impact on the growth and development of crops. By adding different concentrations of organic fertilizer to the germination matrix, the application of organic fertilizer in actual agricultural production can be simulated to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of organic fertilizer on crop growth.

[0044] The germination rate is an important indicator of the germination ability of crop seeds, while the dry matter mass reflects the growth and biomass accumulation of crops. The changes in these two indicators can intuitively reflect the impact of organic fertilizer treatment on crop growth. If organic fertilizer treatment can increase the germination rate and dry matter mass of crops, it means that organic fertilizer has a promoting effect on crop growth; otherwise, it means that organic fertilizer may have a certain inhibitory effect on crop growth.

[0045] The relative growth index is a comprehensive indicator that combines information on relative emergence rate and relative dry matter mass, and can more comprehensively reflect the impact of organic fertilizer treatment on crop growth safety. By calculating the relative growth index, we can comprehensively evaluate organic fertilizer treatments of different concentrations, thereby screening out the most suitable organic fertilizer application concentration and providing a scientific basis for actual agricultural production.

[0046] A method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application. In step S4, the standard for evaluating the safety of organic fertilizer application on crop growth is:

[0047] Level 1: high safety, relative growth index ≥ 90%;

[0048] Level 2: High safety, relative growth index 70% to 90%;

[0049] Level 3: General safety, relative growth index 50% to 70%;

[0050] Level 4: poor safety, relative growth index 30% to 50%;

[0051] Level 5: Very low safety, relative growth index ≤ 30%.

[0052] When the safety of the organic fertilizer used to crops is at level 1 or 2, the organic fertilizer used and its application amount and application method are safe;

[0053] When the safety of the organic fertilizer used to crops is at level 3, the safety of the organic fertilizer used and its application amount is uncertain, and other means are needed to determine the organic fertilizer and its application amount and application method;

[0054] When the safety of the organic fertilizer used to crops is at level 4 or 5, the organic fertilizer used and its application amount and application method are unsafe.

[0055] The advantages of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0056] 1. Scientificity of experimental design

[0057] Gradient setting: This method can simulate different application concentrations of organic fertilizer in actual agricultural production by preparing compositions of organic fertilizer and sand with different organic fertilizer contents, thereby comprehensively evaluating the effects of organic fertilizer on crop growth.

[0058] Control group setting: Setting up a control group germination matrix without adding organic fertilizer provides a baseline for evaluating the effect of organic fertilizer application, making the experimental results more convincing.

[0059] 2. Ease of operation and practicality

[0060] Easy to operate: This method has clear steps and is easy to operate. It does not require complex experimental equipment and professional skills and is suitable for use in laboratories or teaching environments.

[0061] Rapid testing: Through indoor cultivation, the growth of crops can be observed in a shorter period of time, thereby quickly evaluating the safety of organic fertilizer application.

[0062] Cost saving: Compared with field trials, this method requires less experimental materials, has lower costs, and is more suitable for a large number of repeated experiments and verifications.

[0063] Scope of application: It can be applied to all seed plants and different types of organic fertilizers; it has a large applicable dosage and can be applied to a wider range of organic fertilizer application amounts, which can reach 100% of the effective ingredient application amount; it takes a short time, and the evaluation results can be obtained after about 7 to 10 days of the entire testing process; it has high repeatability, and the test results are stable and reliable with good consistency;

[0064] 3. Accuracy and reliability of experimental results

[0065] Standardized culture conditions: Setting the appropriate temperature and light duration in the incubator can ensure that crops grow under optimal conditions, thereby reducing experimental errors and improving the accuracy of experimental results.

[0066] Comprehensive evaluation index: By calculating the relative growth index of crops, the safety of organic fertilizer on crop growth is comprehensively evaluated. This index combines information on crop emergence rate, growth rate, biomass, etc., and can more comprehensively reflect the effect of organic fertilizer application.

[0067] Reproducibility: Due to the standardization of experimental steps and conditions, the experimental results of this method are highly reproducible, which is convenient for verification and comparison in different laboratories or at different times.

[0068] 4. Guiding significance for agricultural production

[0069] Optimize fertilization plan: This method can quickly screen out the most suitable organic fertilizer application concentration, provide farmers with scientific fertilization suggestions, and improve fertilizer utilization and crop yields.

[0070] Promoting sustainable development: The application of organic fertilizer can improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, and promote the sustainable development of agricultural production. This method provides a scientific basis for evaluating the application effect of organic fertilizer and helps promote the green transformation of agricultural production.

[0071] In summary, this method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application has the advantages of scientific experimental design, simple and practical operation, accurate and reliable experimental results, and guiding significance for agricultural production. These advantages make this method have broad application prospects and promotion value in agricultural production practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 This is the assembly structure diagram of the germination box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] A method for indoor rapid detection of organic fertilizer application safety comprises the following steps:

[0076] S1: preparing a composition of organic fertilizer and quartz sand with different organic fertilizer contents, the organic fertilizer content is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%; adding appropriate amount of water uniformly to each composition to obtain a germination matrix; setting up a control group quartz sand germination matrix without adding organic fertilizer; the quartz sand is passed through a 6-mesh sieve and dried at 120°C.

[0077] The combination of organic fertilizer and quartz sand is divided into three structures and loaded into the germination box: a uniform mixture of organic fertilizer and quartz sand; or organic fertilizer is spread on the bottom layer of the germination box and covered with quartz sand; or quartz sand-organic fertilizer-quartz sand three layers are loaded into the germination box.

[0078] See also Figure 1 The bottom of the germination box 1 is covered with a layer of toilet paper 2; the bottom of the germination box has small holes 3, and the germination box 1 is embedded in a bottom plate 4 filled with an appropriate amount of water. The total volume of the germination matrix with different organic fertilizer concentrations is kept consistent.

[0079] S2: Sowing seeds in the germination matrix; the sowing crops are selected from any crop; select strong crop seeds, sow 50 seeds in each germination matrix; sow 3 portions of each concentration of germination matrix; compact after sowing. Set 3-5 replicates for each organic fertilizer content.

[0080] S3: The germination box is placed in an incubator for incubation, and the incubation conditions are set according to the suitable temperature and light time for the sown crops;

[0081] S4: Investigate crop growth 7 days after sowing, calculate crop relative growth index, and evaluate the safety of organic fertilizer application on crop growth.

[0082] Seven days after sowing, the number of crop seedlings was investigated. 20 seedlings were randomly selected from each box and then dried and weighed. The treatment group was the one that applied organic fertilizer, and the control group was the one that did not. The relative emergence rate and relative dry matter weight were then calculated. The relative emergence rate calculation formula is:

[0083] Relative germination rate % = number of germinations in the treatment group / number of germinations in the control group × 100%

[0084] The calculation formula of relative dry matter is:

[0085] Relative dry matter % = dry matter of treatment group / dry matter of control group × 100%

[0086] The calculation formula of relative growth index is:

[0087] Relative growth index = relative seed germination rate × relative dry matter mass / 100

[0088] According to the calculated relative growth index, the standard for evaluating the safety level of the organic fertilizer to crops can be:

[0089] Level 1: high safety, relative growth index ≥ 90%;

[0090] Level 2: High safety, relative growth index 70% to 90%;

[0091] Level 3: General safety, relative growth index 50% to 70%;

[0092] Level 4: poor safety, relative growth index 30% to 50%;

[0093] Level 5: Very low safety, relative growth index ≤ 30%.

[0094] When the safety of the organic fertilizer to crops is at level 1 or 2, the applied organic fertilizer and its application amount or application method are safe. When the safety of the organic fertilizer to crops is at level 3, the safety of the applied organic fertilizer and its application amount or application method is uncertain, and other means are needed to determine the organic fertilizer and its application amount or application method. When the safety of the organic fertilizer to crops is at level 4 or 5, the applied organic fertilizer and its application amount or application method are unsafe.

[0095] Application Example 1

[0096] (1) Crop seeds: Rapeseed Ronghua Oil No. 6

[0097] (2) Add the pig manure-quartz sand mixture: weigh the pig manure and quartz sand according to Table 1, mix them well and put them into the germination box ( Figure 1 ) and add appropriate amount of water and mix well.

[0098] Table 1 Treatment contents

[0099]

[0100] Note: Raw pig manure refers to manure that has not been fermented.

[0101] (3) Sowing: 50 seeds per box were evenly placed on the surface and compacted. Three boxes were sown for each treatment.

[0102] (4) Cultivation: Place the germination box in an artificial incubator and set the temperature to 28°C for 14 h during the day and 20°C for 10 h at night.

[0103] (5) Investigation and sampling: The number of seedlings was investigated 7 days after sowing. Twenty rapeseed seedlings were taken from each box and dried, and the dry matter was weighed.

[0104] (6) The safety level of the two types of pig manure to rapeseed was evaluated based on the relative growth index (see Table 2).

[0105] Table 2 Effects of two types of pig manure on rapeseed germination

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Note: When the application amount of unfermented pig manure is ≥40g / box, the number of seedlings emerging is 0.

[0109] (7) The safety of applying fermented pig manure to rapeseed fields was determined based on the safety levels of the two types of pig manure.

[0110] According to Table 2, although different fertilization rates of pig manure have little effect on the relative emergence rate of rapeseed, they have a greater impact on its relative dry matter mass. Combining the emergence rate and dry matter mass, it can be seen that only 20g / box of fertilizer is safe for rapeseed.

[0111] Application Example 2

[0112] (1) Crop seeds: 425 in cotton

[0113] (2) Add the pig manure-quartz sand mixture: weigh the pig manure and quartz sand according to Table 1, mix them well and put them into the germination box ( Figure 1 ) and add appropriate amount of water and mix well.

[0114] (3) Sowing: 50 seeds per box were evenly placed on the surface and compacted. Three boxes were sown for each treatment.

[0115] (4) Cultivation: Place the germination box in an artificial incubator and set the temperature to 30°C for 14 h during the day and 25°C for 10 h at night.

[0116] (5) Investigation and sampling: 7 days after sowing, the number of cotton seedlings was investigated. Twenty cotton seedlings were taken from each box and dried, and the dry matter was weighed.

[0117] (6) The safety level of the two types of pig manure to cotton was evaluated based on the relative growth index (see Table 3).

[0118] Table 3 Effects of two types of pig manure on cotton germination

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] Note: When the application amount of unfermented pig manure is ≥40g / box, the number of seedlings emerging is 0.

[0122] (7) The safety of applying fermented pig manure in cotton fields was determined based on the safety levels of the two types of pig manure on cotton.

[0123] According to Table 3, although different fertilization rates of pig manure have little effect on the relative dry matter of cotton, they have a greater impact on its relative emergence rate. Combining the emergence rate and dry matter, it can be seen that the fertilization rate of 20g / box-60g / box is safe for cotton.

[0124] Application Example 3

[0125] (1) Crop seeds: Wheat Zhenmai No. 12.

[0126] (2) Add the pig manure-quartz sand mixture: weigh the pig manure and quartz sand according to Table 1, mix them well and put them into the germination box ( Figure 1 ) and add appropriate amount of water and mix well.

[0127] (3) Sowing: 50 seeds per box were evenly placed on the surface and compacted. Three boxes were sown for each treatment.

[0128] (4) Cultivation: Place the germination box in an artificial incubator and set the temperature to 28°C for 14 h during the day and 20°C for 10 h at night.

[0129] (5) Investigation and sampling: 7 days after sowing, investigate the number of seedlings. Take 20 wheat seedlings from each box, dry them, and weigh the dry matter.

[0130] (6) The safety level of the two types of pig manure to wheat was evaluated based on the relative growth index (see Table 3).

[0131] Table 3 Effects of two types of pig manure on wheat germination

[0132]

[0133] Note: When the application amount of unfermented pig manure is ≥40g / box, the number of seedlings emerging is 0.

[0134] (7) The safety of applying fermented pig manure in wheat fields was determined based on the safety levels of the two types of pig manure on wheat.

[0135] According to Table 3, although different amounts of pig manure have little effect on the relative emergence rate of wheat, they have a greater impact on its relative dry matter mass. Combining the emergence rate and dry matter mass, it can be seen that only 20g / box of fertilizer is safe for wheat.

Claims

1. A method for rapid indoor detection of the safety of organic fertilizer application, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: preparing a combination of organic fertilizer and sand with different organic fertilizer contents, and adding appropriate amount of water to each combination to uniformly prepare a germination matrix; and setting up a control group germination matrix without adding organic fertilizer; S2: sowing seeds in germination medium; S3: Place the plant in an incubator for culturing, and set the culturing conditions according to the appropriate temperature and light duration for the sown crops; S4: Investigate crop growth after sowing, calculate crop relative growth index, and evaluate the safety of organic fertilizer application on crop growth.

2. A method for rapid indoor detection of organic fertilizer application safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand is quartz sand, which is passed through a 6-mesh sieve and dried at 120°C.

3. A method for rapid indoor detection of organic fertilizer application safety according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the composition of organic fertilizer and sand, the content of organic fertilizer is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%; the germination matrix of the control group is sand with an appropriate amount of water added.

4. A method for rapid indoor detection of organic fertilizer application safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the crop growth is investigated 7 days after sowing, and the crop relative growth index is calculated.

5. A method for rapid indoor detection of organic fertilizer application safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the germination matrix is ​​placed in a germination box, and a layer of toilet paper is laid on the bottom of the germination box; there are small holes on the bottom of the germination box, and the germination box is embedded in a bottom plate filled with an appropriate amount of water. The total volume of the germination matrix with different organic fertilizer concentrations is kept consistent.

6. A method for rapid indoor detection of organic fertilizer application safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the composition of organic fertilizer and sand is: a mixture of organic fertilizer and sand; or organic fertilizer is spread on the bottom layer and covered with sand; or three layers of sand-organic fertilizer-sand.

7. A method for rapid indoor detection of organic fertilizer application safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, sowing is carried out in the germination matrix, and the sowing crops are selected from any crop; robust crop seeds are selected, and 50 seeds are sown in each box of the germination matrix; 3 portions of each concentration of the germination matrix are sown; and the seeds are compacted after sowing.

8. A method for rapid indoor detection of organic fertilizer application safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for calculating the relative growth index of crops is as follows: calculate the relative emergence rate; 20 crops are randomly selected from each germination matrix, dried and weighed, recorded as dry matter mass, and the relative dry matter mass is calculated; Relative germination rate % = number of germinations in the treatment group / number of germinations in the control group × 100% (1) Relative dry matter % = dry matter of treatment group / dry matter of control group × 100% (2) The relative growth index is: Relative growth index%=relative seed germination rate×relative dry matter mass / 100.

9. A method for rapid indoor detection of safety of organic fertilizer application according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the criteria for evaluating the safety of organic fertilizer application on crop growth are: Level 1: high safety, relative growth index ≥ 90%; Level 2: High safety, relative growth index 70%~90%; Level 3: General safety, relative growth index 50%~70%; Level 4: poor safety, relative growth index 30%~50%; Level 5: Extremely low safety, relative growth index ≤30%.

10. Any one of the indoor methods for rapid detection of safety of organic fertilizer application as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: When the safety of the organic fertilizer used to crops is at level 1 or 2, the organic fertilizer used and its application amount and application method are safe; When the safety of the organic fertilizer used to crops is at level 3, the safety of the organic fertilizer used and its application amount is uncertain, and other means are needed to determine the organic fertilizer and its application amount and application method; When the safety of the organic fertilizer used to crops is at level 4 or 5, the organic fertilizer used and its application amount and application method are unsafe.

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