A tobacco planting trenching and mulching integrated machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of integrated trenching and mulching machines, and more particularly to an integrated trenching and mulching machine for tobacco planting. It includes a frame and a power system. The power system has a rotatable secondary shaft and a vibrating frame that can reciprocate along the axis of the secondary shaft. A stroke adjustment component adjusts the reciprocating stroke of the vibrating frame. Two adjustable arms with adjustable spacing are mounted on the vibrating frame, each with a hollow shaft rotatably mounted on it via the secondary shaft. When the integrated machine turns, the positioning platform approaches the mulch via a lifting push rod. The pressure control module uses negative pressure from the air nozzle to adsorb the mulch, and the electric heating shredder cuts the mulch. After turning, positive pressure from the air nozzle presses the mulch firmly onto the soil surface. This automated operation process achieves automatic cutting and fixing of the mulch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated trenching and mulching machines, and more particularly to an integrated trenching and mulching machine for tobacco planting. Background Technology

[0002] In the prior art, patent document CN108476835A discloses an integrated agricultural ditching and mulching machine and its working method, including a machine frame, a ditching mechanism, a soil collecting mechanism, a mulching mechanism, and a soil covering mechanism. A set of connecting mechanisms is provided at the upper end of the machine frame, and the machine frame is connected to a transport vehicle through these connecting mechanisms. The mulching mechanism is located at the rear end of the machine frame. This invention completes ditching, mulching, flattening, and pressing the film in one operation. The required work is performed synchronously while the transport vehicle moves the device forward, significantly reducing workload and the output of manpower and resources. However, the above-mentioned integrated machine has the following technical problems in use:

[0003] 1. It is not convenient to eliminate soil compaction and soil adhesion during the trenching and mulching process by using the vibration of the conical trenching disc;

[0004] 2. Difficulty in cutting and fixing the film during and after the all-in-one machine turns;

[0005] 3. Difficulty in adjusting trench row spacing;

[0006] 4. The equipment has a low level of intelligence and poor film pressing effect;

[0007] Based on this, we propose an integrated trenching and mulching machine for tobacco planting to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an integrated machine for trenching and mulching tobacco planting.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a tobacco planting trenching and mulching integrated machine, including a frame and a power system, wherein a rotatable secondary shaft and a vibrating frame that can reciprocate along the axis of the secondary shaft are driven and installed on the power system.

[0010] The stroke adjustment assembly adjusts the reciprocating stroke of the vibration frame. The vibration frame is equipped with two adjustable adjustment arms with adjustable spacing. Each adjustment arm is rotatably mounted with a hollow shaft driven by a secondary shaft. The hollow shaft is equipped with two symmetrically arranged conical grooved discs. The frame is provided with a rotatable film-coating roll.

[0011] The positioning platform is adjustable and the guide clamp assembly for clamping and guiding the film is provided. The positioning platform has a cavity fixedly opened inside, and two sets of air nozzles communicating with the cavity are installed on the bottom surface of the positioning platform.

[0012] A pressure control module is used to make the air nozzle produce positive pressure air or negative pressure air intake. An electric heating shredder is installed on the positioning platform at a position corresponding to the rear side of the air nozzle.

[0013] An electrostatic roller is rotatably mounted on the frame and positioned between the positioning table and the guide clamp assembly;

[0014] The film pressing assembly is mounted on the frame and positioned behind the positioning table.

[0015] Preferably, the power system includes a power motor mounted on the side of the frame, a main shaft and a vertical shaft rotatably connected to the frame, the output shaft of the power motor being fixedly connected to the main shaft, a first synchronous belt being connected between the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft, a first bevel gear being mounted on both the main shaft and the vertical shaft, the two first bevel gears meshing with each other, a half-cone transmission column being driven on the vertical shaft, a reciprocating inclined plate being mounted on the vibration frame, the conical surface of the half-cone transmission column contacting the inclined surface of the reciprocating inclined plate, and a set of elastic reset members being installed between the vibration frame and the frame.

[0016] Preferably, the stroke adjustment assembly includes an adjusting screw rotatably connected to the frame, the adjusting screw being parallel to the vertical shaft, a handle being installed at the top of the adjusting screw, a stroke adjustment slider being drivenly mounted on the adjusting screw, the stroke adjustment slider being slidably connected to the frame, a semi-conical transmission column being rotatably mounted on the stroke adjustment slider, a shaft groove with open ends and slidably connected to the vertical shaft being fixedly opened inside the semi-conical transmission column, the cross-section of the shaft groove and the vertical shaft being both regular hexagonal, a set of elastic abutting members being installed between the reciprocating inclined plate and the vibration frame, and friction textures being provided on both the reciprocating inclined plate and the semi-conical transmission column.

[0017] Preferably, a first bidirectional lead screw is rotatably mounted on the vibration frame. The first bidirectional lead screw is provided with a first positive thread and a first negative thread. The first positive thread and the first negative thread are respectively connected to two adjusting arms. The hollow shaft has a hollow groove with open ends and slidably connected to the secondary shaft. The cross-section of the hollow groove and the secondary shaft are both regular hexagonal.

[0018] Preferably, the guide clamp assembly includes a dual-head motor mounted on the side of the frame and a clamping shaft rotatably connected to the frame. One output shaft end of the dual-head motor is fixedly connected to the clamping shaft. The film-coating roll is fitted onto the clamping shaft. A limiting ring for limiting the position of the film-coating roll is threaded onto the clamping shaft. Two clamping rollers are rotatably mounted on the frame. Each of the two clamping rollers is equipped with a linkage gear, and the two linkage gears mesh with each other. The other output shaft end of the dual-head motor is connected to one of the clamping rollers via a second synchronous belt. Both clamping rollers are made of rubber.

[0019] Preferably, a set of lifting push rods is installed between the frame and the positioning table, and a high-voltage power supply electrically connected to the electrostatic roller is installed on the side of the frame.

[0020] Preferably, the film pressing assembly includes a second bidirectional lead screw rotatably connected to the frame. A drive nut is installed on both the first and second bidirectional lead screws. The second bidirectional lead screw is respectively provided with a second positive thread and a second negative thread. An upper support is drivenly connected to both the second positive thread and the second negative thread. The upper support is slidably connected to the frame via a guide rail. A lower support is slidably installed below the upper support. A film pressing wheel is rotatably installed on the lower support. The film pressing wheel is made of silicone. An adjusting lead screw is rotatably installed on the top surface of the lower support. The adjusting lead screw is threadedly connected to the frame.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes an electrical control box mounted on the frame. The electrical control box contains a battery and a microcontroller. A GPS locator, a three-axis accelerometer, and a remote control module are mounted on the top surface of the electrical control box. The data terminals of the GPS locator, the three-axis accelerometer, and the remote control module are all connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is powered by the battery. A follower frame is hinged to the frame at a position corresponding to the rear side of the electric heating shredder. A counterweight roller is rotatably mounted between the inner surfaces of the follower frame.

[0022] Preferably, the cross-section of the electrothermal shredder is circular, the radius of the electrothermal shredder is 0.1mm-0.3mm, and the heating temperature of the electrothermal shredder is 150℃-210℃.

[0023] Preferably, the pressure control module includes a chassis mounted on a positioning platform. A negative pressure pump, a blower, and a three-way hose are installed inside the chassis. The negative pressure generating end of the negative pressure pump and the air outlet end of the blower are both connected to the three-way hose. A solenoid valve is provided at the connection point between the three-way hose and the negative pressure pump and the blower. The other end of the three-way hose is connected to a cavity.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. In this invention, when the integrated machine turns, the positioning platform approaches the film covering via the lifting push rod, the pressure control module causes the air nozzle to adsorb the film covering under negative pressure, and the electric heating shredder cuts the film covering. After the turn is completed, the air nozzle delivers positive pressure to press the film covering firmly onto the soil surface. This automated operation process realizes the automatic cutting and fixing of the film covering, solving the problem of difficulty in cutting and fixing the film covering during and after the existing integrated machine turns.

[0026] 2. This invention uses a power system to make the vibrating frame reciprocate along the secondary shaft axis, which drives the conical trenching disc to vibrate. This design allows the soil in contact with the conical trenching disc to be fully subjected to vibration and tumbling action, loosening the soil and enhancing soil permeability. This solves the problem that soil is prone to compaction and affects the growth of tobacco roots when trenching with traditional trenching equipment. At the same time, it can also effectively shake off the soil adhering to the conical trenching disc, reduce the soil adhesion rate, and improve the smoothness of the trench.

[0027] 3. This invention adjusts the spacing between the two adjusting arms by setting a first bidirectional lead screw on the vibration frame, thereby adjusting the trenching row spacing to adapt to different planting row spacing requirements. The electrical control box equipped with this invention contains a microcontroller, a GPS locator, a three-axis accelerometer, and a remote central control module. Through data feedback from these modules, the microcontroller can determine the turning and straight-line status of the integrated machine and control the operation of the corresponding components, realizing automatic control of film covering related operations according to the driving status, improving the intelligence level of the equipment, reducing manual intervention, and reducing labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tobacco planting trenching and mulching integrated machine according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coating roll and the electrostatic roller of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conical grooved disc and adjusting arm of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point C;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft and adjusting arm of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft and secondary shaft of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting arm and the conical grooved disc of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the follower frame and positioning platform of the present invention.

[0039] 1. Frame; 2. Sub-shaft; 3. Vibration frame; 4. Adjusting arm; 5. Hollow shaft; 6. Conical grooving disc; 7. Coating roll; 8. Positioning table; 9. Electrostatic roller; 10. Air nozzle; 11. Pressure control module; 12. Electrothermal shredder; 13. Power motor; 14. Main shaft; 15. Vertical shaft; 16. Semi-conical transmission column; 17. Reciprocating inclined plate; 18. Elastic return element; 19. Adjusting screw; 20. Stroke adjustment slider; 21. Elastic abutment 21. Fastener; 22. First bidirectional lead screw; 23. Dual-head motor; 24. Shaft clamp; 25. Clamping roller; 26. Linkage gear; 27. Lifting push rod; 28. High voltage power supply; 29. ​​Second bidirectional lead screw; 30. Upper support; 31. Lower support; 32. Pressing roller; 33. Adjusting lead screw; 34. Electrical control box; 35. GPS locator; 36. Three-axis accelerometer; 37. Remote central control module; 38. Follow-up frame; 39. Counterweight pressure roller. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0041] like Figures 1-11 The tobacco planting trenching and mulching integrated machine shown includes a frame 1 and a power system. The power system is equipped with a rotatable secondary shaft 2 and a vibrating frame 3 that can reciprocate along the axis of the secondary shaft 2. The frame 1 is provided with a stroke adjustment component to adjust the reciprocating stroke of the vibrating frame 3.

[0042] The power system includes a power motor 13 mounted on the side of the frame 1, a main shaft 14 and a vertical shaft 15 rotatably connected to the frame 1, the output shaft end of the power motor 13 being fixedly connected to the main shaft 14, and a first synchronous belt being connected between the main shaft 14 and the auxiliary shaft 2.

[0043] A first bevel gear is installed on both the main shaft 14 and the vertical shaft 15. The two first bevel gears mesh with each other. A half-cone transmission column 16 is installed on the vertical shaft 15. A reciprocating inclined plate 17 is installed on the vibration frame 3. The conical surface of the half-cone transmission column 16 contacts the inclined surface of the reciprocating inclined plate 17. A set of elastic reset members 18 is installed between the vibration frame 3 and the frame 1.

[0044] After the power motor 13 starts, it drives the main shaft 14 to rotate. The main shaft 14 drives the secondary shaft 2 to rotate through the first synchronous belt, providing power for the rotation of the hollow shaft 5 and the conical trenching disc 6 to realize trenching operation. At the same time, the main shaft 14 drives the first bevel gear on it to rotate, and the first bevel gear on the vertical shaft 15 that meshes with it rotates accordingly, thereby causing the vertical shaft 15 to rotate. The semi-conical transmission column 16 on the vertical shaft 15 cooperates with the reciprocating inclined plate 17 on the vibration frame 3. Under the action of the elastic reset member 18, the vibration frame 3 reciprocates along the axis of the secondary shaft 2.

[0045] By reciprocating along the axis of the secondary shaft 2, the soil in contact with the conical trenching disc 6 is fully subjected to vibration and tumbling action, thereby solving the problem of soil compaction and affecting tobacco root growth during trenching in traditional trenching equipment. Compared with existing technologies, the reciprocating vibration of the vibrating frame 3 can loosen the soil, enhance soil permeability, and is more conducive to tobacco growth, thus improving tobacco yield and quality.

[0046] On the other hand, the reciprocating movement of the vibrating frame 3 along the axis of the secondary shaft 2 can also achieve the vibration and shaking off of the soil adhering to the conical trenching plate 6. Through vibration and shaking, the adhesion rate of soil on the conical trenching plate 6 is effectively reduced, thereby improving the trenching flatness of the conical trenching plate 6.

[0047] A comparative experiment was conducted at a tobacco planting base in Yunnan Province. Two experimental fields with similar soil conditions were selected. One field was planted using the integrated machine of this invention with the power system, while the other field was planted using traditional ditching equipment. Under the same planting and management conditions, the tobacco planted using the equipment of this invention had a more developed root system, and the average plant height was 8 cm taller than that planted using traditional equipment. It also had 2-3 more leaves, ultimately resulting in increased tobacco yield and better tobacco leaf quality.

[0048] The stroke adjustment assembly includes an adjusting screw 19 rotatably connected to the frame 1. The adjusting screw 19 is arranged parallel to the vertical shaft 15, and a handle is installed at the top of the adjusting screw 19.

[0049] A stroke adjustment slider 20 is driven and installed on the adjusting screw 19. The stroke adjustment slider 20 is slidably connected to the frame 1. The semi-cone transmission column 16 is rotatably installed on the stroke adjustment slider 20. The semi-cone transmission column 16 has a shaft groove with open ends and slidably connected to the vertical shaft 15. The cross-section of the shaft groove and the vertical shaft 15 are both regular hexagonal. A set of elastic abutment 21 is installed between the reciprocating inclined plate 17 and the vibration frame 3. Friction textures are provided on both the reciprocating inclined plate 17 and the semi-cone transmission column 16.

[0050] Both the elastic reset member 18 and the elastic clamping member 21 include a T-shaped guide rod and a spring sleeved on the T-shaped guide rod;

[0051] Rotating the handle at the top of the adjusting screw 19 allows the stroke adjusting slider 20 to move up and down along the adjusting screw 19. Since the half-cone transmission column 16 is mounted on the stroke adjusting slider 20 and is slidably connected to the vertical shaft 15 through the shaft groove, and the cross-sections of the shaft groove and the vertical shaft 15 are regular hexagonal, it ensures that the half-cone transmission column 16 can move up and down with the stroke adjusting slider 20 while rotating with the vertical shaft 15. This changes the relative position of the half-cone transmission column 16 and the reciprocating inclined plate 17, thereby adjusting the reciprocating stroke of the vibration frame 3.

[0052] This design solves the problem that the stroke of the vibrating frame 3 cannot be flexibly adjusted during trenching under different soil conditions and planting needs. Compared with the existing technology, the stroke of the vibrating frame 3 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation, which improves the applicability of the equipment.

[0053] For example, in a tobacco-growing area in a mountainous region of Guizhou, where the soil is quite sticky, when using this equipment, by adjusting the stroke adjustment component, the stroke of the vibration frame 3 is increased by 20%, which significantly improves the soil loosening effect after trenching, and the germination rate of tobacco seeds is increased by 15% compared with before adjustment, and the seedlings grow more robustly.

[0054] During the subsequent growth process, the tobacco plants' resistance to lodging increased, reducing losses caused by lodging due to strong winds.

[0055] Two adjustable arms 4 with adjustable spacing are installed on the vibration frame 3. Each adjustable arm 4 is rotatably mounted with a hollow shaft 5 driven by a secondary shaft 2. Two symmetrically arranged conical grooved discs 6 are installed on the hollow shaft 5.

[0056] A first bidirectional lead screw 22 is rotatably mounted on the vibration frame 3. The first bidirectional lead screw 22 is provided with a first positive thread and a first negative thread. The first positive thread and the first negative thread are respectively connected to two adjusting arms 4. A hollow shaft 5 has a hollow groove with open ends and sliding connection with the secondary shaft 2. The cross-section of the hollow groove and the secondary shaft 2 are both regular hexagonal.

[0057] Rotating the first bidirectional lead screw 22 will cause the first positive thread and the first negative thread to drive the two adjusting arms 4 to move towards or away from each other along the vibration frame 3, thereby adjusting the distance between the two adjusting arms 4 to adapt to different planting row spacing requirements.

[0058] The secondary shaft 2 drives the hollow shaft 5 to rotate through the hollow groove, which in turn causes the conical trenching disc 6 on the hollow shaft 5 to rotate to perform trenching operations;

[0059] This structure solves the problem that traditional trenching equipment cannot flexibly adjust the trenching row spacing, improves the equipment's versatility, and compared with existing technologies, can quickly adjust the trenching row spacing according to different tobacco varieties and planting plans, reducing the trouble and cost of replacing equipment parts;

[0060] In a tobacco-growing area in Henan, two different varieties of tobacco were planted at the same time. One variety required a wider row spacing, while the other was suitable for a narrower row spacing. Using the integrated machine of this invention, the row spacing was adjusted within 10 minutes by simply rotating the first bidirectional screw 22, thus meeting the growth space requirements of different varieties of tobacco.

[0061] A rotatable film roll 7 is provided on the frame 1, and a liftable positioning platform 8 and a guide clamp assembly for clamping and guiding the film are respectively installed on the frame 1.

[0062] The guide clamp assembly includes a dual-head motor 23 mounted on the side of the frame 1 and a clamping shaft 24 rotatably connected to the frame 1. One output shaft end of the dual-head motor 23 is fixedly connected to the clamping shaft 24. The film roll 7 is fitted onto the clamping shaft 24. A limiting ring that limits the position of the film roll 7 is threaded onto the clamping shaft 24. Two clamping rollers 25 are rotatably mounted on the frame 1. Each of the two clamping rollers 25 is equipped with a linkage gear 26. The two linkage gears 26 mesh with each other. The other output shaft end of the dual-head motor 23 is connected to one of the clamping rollers 25 through a second synchronous belt. Both clamping rollers 25 are made of rubber.

[0063] After the dual-head motor 23 is started, one of its output shafts drives the clamping shaft 24 to rotate, causing the film roll 7 to unwind. At the same time, the other output shaft drives a clamping roller 25 to rotate through the second synchronous belt. Since the linkage gears 26 on the two clamping rollers 25 mesh with each other, the two clamping rollers 25 rotate synchronously to clamp and guide the film.

[0064] The limiting ring can prevent the film roll 7 from moving left and right on the clamping shaft 24, ensuring the stability of film conveying. This design solves the problem of film deviation and jamming during conveying. Compared with the existing technology, it improves the stability and accuracy of film conveying, and reduces film waste and equipment failure.

[0065] An electrostatic roller 9 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 at the position between the positioning table 8 and the guide clamp assembly. A high-voltage power supply 28 electrically connected to the electrostatic roller 9 is mounted on the side of the frame 1.

[0066] High-voltage power supply 28 supplies power to electrostatic roller 9, causing the surface of electrostatic roller 9 to carry static electricity and electrostatically adsorb the film. When the winding motor is working, electrostatic roller 9 is not energized and does not generate static electricity, thereby enabling the film to be unwound normally.

[0067] When the winding motor is not working, the electrostatic roller 9 generates static electricity and attracts the film, thereby enabling the film to be effectively positioned when the machine is stopped.

[0068] A set of lifting push rods 27 is installed between the frame 1 and the positioning platform 8. A cavity is fixedly opened inside the positioning platform 8. Two sets of air nozzles 10 connected to the cavity are installed on the bottom surface of the positioning platform 8. A pressure control module 11 is installed on the positioning platform 8. The pressure control module 11 is used to make the air nozzles 10 produce positive pressure air or negative pressure air intake.

[0069] An electric heating shredder 12 is installed on the positioning platform 8 at a position corresponding to the rear side of the air nozzle 10;

[0070] The electric heating shredder 12 has a circular cross-section, a radius of 0.2 mm, and a heating temperature of 200℃.

[0071] When the all-in-one machine is about to turn, the lifting push rod 27 moves down, the positioning platform 8 approaches the film, the negative pressure pump works, and the air nozzle 10 generates negative pressure through the three-way hose to adsorb the film. Then the electric heating shredder 12 is energized to cut the film.

[0072] After the turn is completed, the negative pressure pump stops working, the blower starts working, and the air nozzle 10 outputs positive pressure air to press the cut mulch film tightly onto the soil surface.

[0073] The electric heating shredder 12 preferably has a radius of 0.2 mm and a preferred heating temperature of 200°C, which can efficiently and stably cut the film instantly;

[0074] This design solves the problem of difficulty in cutting and securing the film when the integrated machine turns. Compared with existing technologies, it achieves automatic cutting and securing of the film, improving the automation and efficiency of planting operations;

[0075] In actual planting operations at a tobacco planting base in Hunan, after adopting this structure, the success rate of film cutting and fixing reached 98% after 100 turning operations. The film treatment time for each turn was reduced from 3-5 minutes to 1-2 minutes, and the film fixing effect was better, reducing problems such as film lifting, effectively improving planting efficiency and reducing labor intensity.

[0076] It also includes an electrical control box 34 installed on the frame 1. The electrical control box 34 contains a battery and a microcontroller. The top surface of the electrical control box 34 is equipped with a GPS locator 35, a three-axis accelerometer 36 and a remote control module 37. The data terminals of the GPS locator 35, the three-axis accelerometer 36 and the remote control module 37 are all connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is powered by the battery. A follower frame 38 is hinged on the frame 1 at the position corresponding to the rear side of the electric heating shredder 12. A counterweight roller 39 is rotatably installed between the inner surfaces of the follower frame 38.

[0077] The turning and straight-line states of this all-in-one machine are monitored by data feedback from the GPS locator 35 and the three-axis accelerometer 36.

[0078] When the all-in-one machine is in the straight-line state, the winding motor works, the lifting push rod 27 resets, and the negative pressure pump does not work.

[0079] When the all-in-one machine is about to turn, the winding motor is turned off, the lifting push rod 27 moves down to a specified height, the negative pressure pump generates negative pressure, after the negative pressure is generated, multiple air nozzles 10 adsorb the film from above the film under negative pressure, after the negative pressure adsorption is completed, the electric heating shredder 12 is energized and cuts the film.

[0080] After the machine has finished turning, the winding motor restarts, the lifting push rod 27 resets, the negative pressure pump generates positive pressure and blows air downwards, thus the ventilation force presses the film onto the soil surface.

[0081] The GPS locator 35 acquires the location information of the all-in-one machine in real time, and the three-axis accelerometer 36 monitors the motion status of the all-in-one machine. These data are fed back to the microcontroller, which determines the turning and straight-line status of the all-in-one machine based on the data and controls the corresponding components to work.

[0082] This design solves the problem that the all-in-one machine cannot automatically control the film-covering operations according to the driving status during operation. Compared with the existing technology, it improves the intelligence level of the equipment, reduces manual intervention, and reduces labor intensity.

[0083] In a large tobacco-growing area in Sichuan, the integrated machine of this invention with an electrical control box 34 and related modules was used for planting operations. Throughout the planting season, the amount of manual labor was reduced by 40%, and the planting efficiency was increased by 30%. At the same time, because the equipment can automatically adjust the mulching operation according to the driving status, the mulching quality is more stable, creating good conditions for tobacco growth. Ultimately, the yield and quality of tobacco were significantly improved.

[0084] The pressure control module 11 includes a chassis mounted on the positioning platform 8. A negative pressure pump, a blower, and a three-way hose are installed inside the chassis. The negative pressure generating end of the negative pressure pump and the air outlet end of the blower are both connected to the three-way hose. A solenoid valve is installed at the connection point between the three-way hose and the negative pressure pump and the blower. The other end of the three-way hose is connected to the cavity.

[0085] By controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve inside the chassis, the connection status of the negative pressure pump and the blower with the three-way hose can be switched. When the negative pressure pump is connected, the air nozzle 10 draws in air under negative pressure and adsorbs the film. When the blower is connected, the air nozzle 10 discharges air under positive pressure and presses the film tightly. This design solves the problem that a single pressure mode cannot meet the different operational needs of film covering.

[0086] Compared with existing technologies, the pressure mode of the air nozzle 10 can be flexibly switched according to the work process, which is simple and convenient to operate and improves the quality and efficiency of the film covering operation.

[0087] At a tobacco planting base in Fujian, when carrying out mulching operations, the pressure control module 11 was used. The response time for switching pressure modes was within 1-2 seconds. During a continuous mulching operation of 5 hours, the pressure mode switching was smooth, and the mulching adsorption and pressing effect was good, which greatly improved the continuity of the operation. The overall mulching operation efficiency was 25% higher than that of using equipment with a single pressure mode.

[0088] A film pressing assembly is installed on the frame 1 at the position corresponding to the rear side of the positioning table 8.

[0089] The film pressing assembly includes a second bidirectional lead screw 29 rotatably connected to the frame 1. A drive nut is installed on both the first bidirectional lead screw 22 and the second bidirectional lead screw 29. The second bidirectional lead screw 29 is respectively provided with a second positive thread and a second negative thread. An upper support 30 is drivenly connected to both the second positive thread and the second negative thread. The upper support 30 is slidably connected to the frame 1 through a guide rail. A lower support 31 is slidably installed below the upper support 30. A film pressing wheel 32 is rotatably installed on the lower support 31. The film pressing wheel 32 is made of silicone. An adjusting lead screw 33 is rotatably installed on the top surface of the lower support 31. The adjusting lead screw 33 is threadedly connected to the frame 1.

[0090] Rotating the second bidirectional lead screw 29 causes the second positive thread and the second negative thread on it to drive the two upper support seats 30 to move towards or away from each other along the guide rail, thereby adjusting the distance between the two pressing rollers 32 to adapt to different widths of film coating.

[0091] The lower support 31 can slide up and down along the upper support 30. The height of the lower support 31 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw 33, thereby adjusting the pressure of the pressing roller 32 on the film. The pressing roller 32 is made of silicone material, which can ensure sufficient pressure on the film without damaging it. This design solves the problem that traditional pressing devices cannot flexibly adjust the spacing and pressure of the pressing roller 32.

[0092] Compared to existing technologies, this method improves the effectiveness and adaptability of membrane pressing, ensuring close contact between the membrane and the soil, which helps maintain soil moisture and temperature.

[0093] In a tobacco planting experimental field in Guangxi, planting experiments were conducted using mulch film of different widths. The film pressing component of this invention achieved good film pressing effect in all cases.

[0094] When using a wider mulch film, by adjusting the spacing and pressure of the pressing rollers 32, the mulch film can be made to fit tightly with the soil, and the soil moisture can be kept stable within a week, resulting in good growth of tobacco seedlings.

[0095] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A tobacco planting trenching and mulching integrated machine, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: It also includes a power system, on which a rotatable secondary shaft (2) and a vibrating frame (3) that can reciprocate along the axis of the secondary shaft (2) are driven and mounted. The stroke adjustment component adjusts the reciprocating stroke of the vibration frame (3). The vibration frame (3) is equipped with two adjustable adjustment arms (4) with adjustable spacing. Each adjustment arm (4) is rotatably mounted with a hollow shaft (5) driven by a secondary shaft (2). The hollow shaft (5) is equipped with two symmetrically arranged conical grooved discs (6). The frame (1) is provided with a rotatable film roll (7). The positioning platform (8) is adjustable and the guide clamp assembly for clamping and guiding the film is provided. The positioning platform (8) has a cavity fixedly opened inside. Two sets of air nozzles (10) communicating with the cavity are installed on the bottom surface of the positioning platform (8). Pressure control module (11), the pressure control module (11) is used to make the air nozzle (10) positive pressure air outlet or negative pressure air intake, and an electric heating shredder (12) is installed on the positioning platform (8) at the position corresponding to the rear side of the air nozzle (10). The electrostatic roller (9) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) and positioned between the positioning table (8) and the guide clamp assembly; The film pressing assembly is mounted on the frame (1) and positioned behind the positioning table (8); The power system includes a power motor (13) mounted on the side of the frame (1), a main shaft (14) and a vertical shaft (15) rotatably connected to the frame (1). The output shaft end of the power motor (13) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (14). A first synchronous belt is connected between the main shaft (14) and the auxiliary shaft (2). A first bevel gear is mounted on both the main shaft (14) and the vertical shaft (15). The two first bevel gears mesh with each other. A half-cone transmission column (16) is installed on the vertical shaft (15). A reciprocating inclined plate (17) is installed on the vibration frame (3). The conical surface of the half-cone transmission column (16) contacts the inclined surface of the reciprocating inclined plate (17). A set of elastic reset members (18) is installed between the vibration frame (3) and the frame (1). The stroke adjustment assembly includes an adjustment screw (19) rotatably connected to the frame (1), the adjustment screw (19) being parallel to the vertical shaft (15), a handle being installed at the top of the adjustment screw (19), a stroke adjustment slider (20) being driven on the adjustment screw (19), the stroke adjustment slider (20) being slidably connected to the frame (1), a semi-cone transmission column (16) being rotatably installed on the stroke adjustment slider (20), a shaft groove with openings at both ends and slidably connected to the vertical shaft (15) being fixedly opened inside the semi-cone transmission column (16), the cross-section of the shaft groove and the vertical shaft (15) being both regular hexagonal, a set of elastic abutment (21) being installed between the reciprocating inclined plate (17) and the vibration frame (3), and friction textures being provided on both the reciprocating inclined plate (17) and the semi-cone transmission column (16); The pressure control module (11) includes a chassis installed on the positioning platform (8). A negative pressure pump, a blower and a three-way hose are installed in the chassis. The negative pressure generating end of the negative pressure pump and the air outlet end of the blower are connected to the three-way hose. A solenoid valve is provided at the connection point between the three-way hose and the negative pressure pump and the blower. The other end of the three-way hose is connected to the cavity.

2. The integrated tobacco planting trenching and mulching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first bidirectional lead screw (22) is rotatably mounted on the vibration frame (3). The first bidirectional lead screw (22) is provided with a first positive thread and a first negative thread. The first positive thread and the first negative thread are respectively connected to two adjusting arms (4). The hollow shaft (5) has a hollow groove with open ends and sliding connection with the secondary shaft (2). The cross-section of the hollow groove and the secondary shaft (2) are both regular hexagonal.

3. The integrated tobacco planting trenching and mulching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide clamp assembly includes a dual-head motor (23) mounted on the side of the frame (1) and a clamping shaft (24) rotatably connected to the frame (1). One output shaft end of the dual-head motor (23) is fixedly connected to the clamping shaft (24). The film roll (7) is fitted onto the clamping shaft (24). A limiting ring for limiting the position of the film roll (7) is threaded onto the clamping shaft (24). Two clamping rollers (25) are rotatably mounted on the frame (1). Each of the two clamping rollers (25) is equipped with a linkage gear (26). The two linkage gears (26) mesh with each other. The other output shaft end of the dual-head motor (23) is connected to one of the clamping rollers (25) via a second synchronous belt. Both clamping rollers (25) are made of rubber.

4. The integrated tobacco planting trenching and mulching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of lifting push rods (27) is installed between the frame (1) and the positioning table (8), and a high-voltage power supply (28) electrically connected to the electrostatic roller (9) is installed on the side of the frame (1).

5. The integrated tobacco planting trenching and mulching machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The film pressing assembly includes a second bidirectional lead screw (29) rotatably connected to the frame (1). A drive nut is installed on both the first bidirectional lead screw (22) and the second bidirectional lead screw (29). The second bidirectional lead screw (29) is provided with a second positive thread and a second negative thread. An upper support (30) is drivenly connected to both the second positive thread and the second negative thread. The upper support (30) is slidably connected to the frame (1) through a guide rail. A lower support (31) is slidably installed below the upper support (30). A film pressing wheel (32) is rotatably installed on the lower support (31). The film pressing wheel (32) is made of silicone. An adjustment lead screw (33) is rotatably installed on the top surface of the lower support (31). The adjustment lead screw (33) is threadedly connected to the frame (1).

6. The integrated tobacco planting trenching and mulching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electrical control box (34) installed on the frame (1). The electrical control box (34) is equipped with a battery and a microcontroller. The top surface of the electrical control box (34) is equipped with a GPS locator (35), a three-axis accelerometer (36) and a remote control module (37). The data terminals of the GPS locator (35), the three-axis accelerometer (36) and the remote control module (37) are all connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is powered by the battery. A follower frame (38) is hinged on the frame (1) at the position corresponding to the rear side of the electric heating shredder (12). A counterweight roller (39) is rotatably installed between the inner surfaces of the follower frame (38).

7. The integrated tobacco planting trenching and mulching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the electrothermal slicing wire (12) is circular, the radius of the electrothermal slicing wire (12) is 0.1mm-0.3mm, and the heating temperature of the electrothermal slicing wire (12) is 150℃-210℃.

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