Farmland full-automatic shallow-buried drip irrigation film mulching furrow-ridge rotation planting method

Abstract

According to the full-automatic shallow-buried drip irrigation film-mulching furrow-ridge crop rotation planting method for the farmland, through configuration of an SDI underground drip irrigation system, anti-freezing and pressure-resistant nano high-strength material branch pipes and branch pipes are shallowly buried underground, the tedious operation that a traditional earth surface drip irrigation system is assembled and disassembled every year is avoided, and the irrigation cost and the labor intensity of workers are reduced. Winter irrigation is supported, breeding of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, and the use amount of pesticide is reduced. And through automatic equipment and a furrow-ridge rotation technology, no-tillage management is realized, the structural integrity of soil is kept, and the soil fertility is improved due to centralized straw returning. The film mulching technology achieves the functions of preserving soil moisture, collecting rain, preventing frost and the like, and the photo-biological composite degradable mulching film protects seedlings from being damaged by frost and high temperature. The water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved through the precise water and fertilizer control and efficient water saving technology, deep layer leakage is reduced, and the agricultural production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting methods, and in particular to a farmland full-automatic shallow buried drip irrigation film covering furrow ridge rotation planting method. Background Art

[0002] The inventor began to study the above-film water-saving irrigation technology in 1990, and the under-film irrigation technology in 1995. In 1997, he applied for the patent number "CN1160475A", and the patent name was "Method of under-film irrigation under film planting of crops". This technology was promoted to the whole Corps in 1999 and popularized nationwide in 2002. However, this method has the problems of drip irrigation capillary branch pipes needing to be installed and disassembled every year, high cost, labor-intensive and time-consuming, and inability to irrigate in winter, resulting in serious pests and diseases and increased pesticide use.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation film-covered furrow and ridge rotation planting method for farmland to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems existing in the technical background, the present invention proposes a high-standard farmland suitable for 5G fully automatic drip irrigation precision water and fertilizer integration. The method adopts an SDI underground drip irrigation system, configures a vacuum valve and a filter device, and installs antifreeze and pressure-resistant nano high-strength material branch pipes and branch pipes to realize automatic control of a fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation film-covered furrow rotation planting method for farmland. The specific technical scheme is as follows: A fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation film covering furrow ridge rotation planting method for farmland, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Use the SDI underground drip irrigation system configuration, install a vacuum valve and filter device at the original branch pipe, dig a deep trench horizontally and vertically at the branch valve of the main pipeline of the farmland, connect two antifreeze and pressure-resistant nano high-strength material branches and two branch pipes (i.e., main pipe and auxiliary pipe), electromagnetic valves and cables respectively; put the branch pipe and switch at the bottom of the trench, install the three-way capillary joint and switch at a spacing of (66+10) / 2=38cm, keep the capillary joint 18cm away from the farmland ground and fix it in the trench with soil, and insert permanent signs on both sides of the field (for future troubleshooting); Step 2: Use an autonomous driving vehicle with navigation to dig trenches at a depth of about 15 cm at an interval of 38 cm, and lay nano high-strength embedded drip irrigation tape (with the drip hole facing up). After laying the drip irrigation tape in each farmland in this way, manually connect the capillary joint and the drip irrigation tape firmly, connect the automatic control valves and equipment according to the trench system and ridge system respectively, and conduct water and pressure tests after power-on inspection.

[0005] Step three, if the shallow buried drip irrigation tape is laid before winter, winter irrigation can be carried out in time. The amount of water should be enough to keep the surface moist but no visible water is seen. During winter irrigation, all branch pipe switches should be opened to let water in, that is, the ditch system branch switches and the ridge system switches should be opened separately, and comprehensive drip winter irrigation should be carried out. When the water supply is cut off, only the main pipeline valve needs to be closed.

[0006] Step 4: If spring wheat is planted the following year, the furrow-ridge rotation system can be used, with furrows and ridges dug at a row spacing of 76 cm and a depth of about 12 cm. Plant "winter eggs" on the furrow surface, two rows of wheat, and cover the ridges with a 70 cm wide and 0.01 mm thick plastic film to help retain moisture and accumulate snow and rain.

[0007] Step 5: If shallow buried drip irrigation tape is laid in spring, trenches can be dug, sown, and covered with film while laying capillary drip irrigation tape. The capillary tube is laid to a depth of 15 cm, and a flat bottom is dug. The trench depth is about 12 cm, and the trench bottom width is 25 cm. Plant two rows of sparsely planted crops. Film is pressed on both sides of the trench bottom to a depth of 5 cm. After sowing, ridges are covered (80 cm wide, 0.012 mm thick black film), soil is covered and compacted on the trench bottom and film side ditches, and the sown ground is covered with soil to be leveled and compacted.

[0008] Step six, implement overall no-tillage. The straw residues planted in the furrows can only be broken up in the furrows and gathered at the bottom of the furrows. After spraying the straw biodegradation agent, the ridge film is recovered, and the soil in the center of the ridges is trenched and dispersed on the original ditch surface. The straw is covered and compacted, and the furrows are transformed into ridges, and the ridges are transformed into furrows for crop rotation.

[0009] Step seven, cover the ridges with film, and plant dense crops such as wheat and upland rice in two rows on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of four rows, so that the width of the bottom of the ditch is increased. The ridges are narrow, and only 60-70cm wide and 0.01mm thick mulch is laid (white or black depends on the number of weeds, black is used when there are many weeds, and white is used when there are few weeds). Cover the ridges with film, and sparsely plant crops such as cotton, corn, tomatoes, potatoes, etc., and plant one row on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of two rows. This makes the bottom of the ditch narrower and the ridges wider. 80cm-90cm wide and 0.01mm thick mulch can be used (black mulch is used for land with many weeds, and white mulch is used for land with few weeds). Spray the bottom of the ditch with a liquid film that retains moisture, removes weeds, and prevents diseases and pests to facilitate automatic emergence.

[0010] Furthermore, in the step four, the flat film planting method includes narrow film (4 rows), wide film (6-row area), and super-wide film (8-row area, 12-row area). Furrow and ridge film planting: sparsely planted crops such as corn and cotton are planted in two rows at the bottom of the ditch, and two rows of soybeans can be interplanted on the top of the covered ridge. Densely planted crops such as wheat, barley, and oats are planted in four rows in a wide flat ditch, and the ridges are narrow and small. Bow film furrow planting: two rows of sparsely planted crops are planted on the bottom of the ditch, and four rows of densely planted crops are planted. The ridges are covered with film, and the bottom of the ditch is not covered with ground film. Liquid film is sprayed on the surface of the ditch bottom, so that there is no need to plant seedlings, and they can emerge by themselves. Degradable ground film: Because the liquid film has a short retention time and high cost, ordinary thicker ground film is covered on the ridge surface, which can be maintained until after autumn. The mulch film used on the top surface of the ridge can be degraded in a short period of time (about 30 days) and will be degraded in about 20 days after seedlings emerge. There is no need to manually remove the film, which saves labor costs for field operations and achieves full automation.

[0011] Furthermore, in step six, attention should be paid to the depth of cutting the ridges, and a distance of about 5 cm should be maintained from the drip tape under the ridges to avoid damaging the drip tape. This achieves local crop rotation in the furrows and ridges, does not destroy the soil structure for crop growth, and concentrates the return of straw to the fields, which is more conducive to the growth of crops in the next season.

[0012] Furthermore, in step one, an SDI underground drip irrigation system is configured, a vacuum valve and a filter device are installed at the original branch pipe, a 16 cm diameter hard plastic vertical short pipe is installed 5 cm below the ground at the connection switch between each branch pipe and the branch pipe in the field, and a cover is added to protect the branch pipe valve for manual opening. When stubble is cut in the field, the mouth of the plastic short pipe must be covered to avoid landfill damage.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 5, if sowing is done after the last frost, the top plane of the ridge does not need to be covered with film again, and seedlings can be directly dripped after sowing. If sowing is done about 20 days before the last frost, the top plane of the ridge covered with film must be covered with photobiological composite degradable mulch film again, and it must be pasted on the central film on the top surface of the ridge with strong double-sided tape, so that the film on the top of the ridge and the ridge are covered as a whole and firmly to prevent wind disasters and frost damage.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 4, if spring wheat is sown before early spring, furrows can be dug, ridges built and film covered before winter, and sowing can be carried out early in early spring. The tires of the sowing locomotive should be in the furrows to avoid damaging the ridges and the film.

[0015] Furthermore, the step 2 also includes checking all automatic switches in the field to ensure that there is no water leakage and the automatic switches are free, then filling the deep trenches for fixing the water supply branch pipes, branch pipes, and capillary joints, and filling them with soil to fix and compact them one by one to level the surface.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step 2, permanent signs are placed at both ends of the laid capillary tube farmland, and all capillary tubes are marked for future troubleshooting. If conditions permit, a drip tape damage insurance alarm system can be installed to reduce malfunctions.

[0017] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: The present invention adopts the SDI underground drip irrigation system to bury the drip irrigation belt shallowly underground, avoiding the cumbersome operation of annual assembly and disassembly of the traditional surface drip irrigation system, greatly reducing the irrigation cost and labor intensity. The traditional surface drip irrigation system is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also unable to carry out winter irrigation, resulting in serious problems of overwintering of farmland pests and diseases. The shallow buried drip irrigation system of the present invention supports winter irrigation, effectively reducing the breeding of pests and diseases, reducing the amount of pesticide use, and improving the ecological benefits of farmland. The present invention realizes the full-automatic management of farmland through the combination of automation equipment and 5G precision water and fertilizer integration system, reduces manual intervention, avoids the damage to farmland caused by manual seedling planting, weeding and other operations in traditional farmland management, and further reduces the risk of pest and disease transmission. The present invention maintains the integrity of the soil structure through furrow rotation and no-till technology, and the straw is concentrated and partially returned to the field, which improves the soil fertility, making the farmland more fertile.

[0018] The present invention realizes multiple functions such as moisture conservation, rainwater collection, and frost prevention through the innovative application of film covering technology. Thick film covering the ridges can not only effectively retain soil moisture, but also accumulate snow and rain in winter, providing sufficient moisture for the growth of crops in spring. During spring sowing, the application of photobiological composite degradable film can protect the seedlings from frost and wind disasters, and avoid damage to the seedlings by high temperatures. The present invention greatly improves the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization through precise water and fertilizer control and efficient water-saving technology. During the peak growth period of crops, the drip switch of the ridge hardening system is turned on at the same time to quickly meet the water demand of crops, reduce the deep leakage of water and fertilizer, and achieve the effect of efficient water saving. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] A fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation film-covered furrow and ridge rotation planting method for farmland, adopts SDI underground drip irrigation system configuration, installs vacuum valves and filtering devices at the original branch pipes, digs deep trenches horizontally and vertically at the branch pipe valves of the farmland main pipeline, connects two antifreeze and pressure-resistant nano high-strength material branch pipes and two branch pipes (i.e., main pipes and auxiliary pipes), electromagnetic valves and cables respectively; puts the branch pipes and switches at the bottom of the trench, installs three-way capillary joints and switches at a spacing of (66+10) / 2=38cm for machine-picked cotton, keeps the capillary joints at a distance of 18cm from the farmland ground, and fixes them in the trench with soil, and inserts permanent signs on both sides of the field (for future fault inspection and repair); Use an automatic driving locomotive with navigation to dig trenches about 15cm deep at an interval of 38cm, and lay nano high-strength embedded drip irrigation tape (drip hole facing up). After laying the drip irrigation tape in this way in each farmland, manually connect the capillary joint and the drip irrigation tape firmly, connect the automatic control valves and equipment according to the trench system and ridge system respectively, and conduct water and pressure tests after power-on inspection.

[0021] If the shallow buried drip irrigation tape is laid before winter, winter irrigation can be carried out in time. The amount of water should be enough to keep the surface moist but no visible water is seen. During winter irrigation, all branch pipe switches should be opened to let water in, that is, the ditch system branch switches and the ridge system switches should be opened separately, and comprehensive drip winter irrigation should be carried out. When the water supply is cut off, only the main pipeline valve needs to be closed.

[0022] If spring wheat is planted the following year, the furrow-ridge rotation system can be used, with furrows and ridges dug at a row spacing of 76 cm and a depth of about 12 cm. Winter eggs and two rows of wheat can be planted on the furrow surface, and the ridges can also be covered with a 70 cm wide and 0.01 mm thick plastic film to help retain moisture and accumulate snow and rain.

[0023] If shallow buried drip irrigation tape is laid in spring, trenches can be dug, sown, and covered with film while laying capillary drip irrigation tape. The capillary tube is laid to a depth of 15 cm, and a flat bottom is dug. The trench depth is about 12 cm, and the trench bottom surface is 25 cm wide for sparsely planted crops and two rows are planted. Film is pressed on both sides of the trench bottom to a depth of 5 cm. After sowing, ridges are covered (80 cm wide, 0.012 mm thick black film), soil is covered and compacted on the trench bottom and film side ditches, and the sown ground is covered with soil to be leveled and compacted.

[0024] Implement overall no-tillage, and the straw residues planted in the furrows can only be broken up in the furrows and gathered at the bottom of the furrows. After spraying the straw biodegradation agent, the ridge covering film is recovered, and the soil in the center of the ridges is trenched and dispersed on the original ditch surface. The straw is covered and compacted, and crop rotation is carried out from furrows to ridges, and from ridges to furrows.

[0025] For densely planted crops such as wheat and upland rice with ridge covering, two rows are planted on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of four rows, which increases the width of the bottom of the ditch and makes the ridge narrower. Only 60-70cm wide and 0.01mm thick mulch is laid (white or black depends on the number of weeds, black is used when there are many weeds, and white is used when there are few weeds). For sparsely planted crops such as cotton, corn, tomatoes, potatoes, etc. with ridge covering, one row is planted on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of two rows are planted in the bottom of the ditch, which makes the bottom of the ditch narrower and the ridge wider. 80cm-90cm wide and 0.01mm thick mulch can be used (black mulch is used for land with many weeds, and white mulch is used for land with few weeds). Liquid film for moisture retention, weed control and disease prevention is sprayed on the bottom of the ditch to facilitate automatic emergence of seedlings.

[0026] Film-laying planting methods: including narrow film (4 rows), wide film (6-row area), and super-wide film (8-row area, 12-row area). Film-covered furrow and ridge planting: sparsely planted crops such as corn and cotton are planted in two rows at the bottom of the furrow, and two rows of soybeans can be interplanted on the top of the film-covered ridge. Densely planted crops such as wheat, barley, and oats are planted in four rows in a wide flat furrow, and the ridges are narrow and small. Arch film furrow planting: two rows of sparsely planted crops are planted at the bottom of the furrow, and four rows of densely planted crops are planted. Film is covered on the ridges, and the bottom of the furrow is not covered with ground film. Liquid film is sprayed on the surface of the furrow bottom, so that there is no need to plant seedlings, and they can emerge on their own. Degradable ground film: Because liquid film has a short shelf life and high cost, ordinary thick ground film is covered on the ridge surface, which can be maintained until after autumn. The mulch film used for the top surface of the ridge can be degraded in a short period of time (about 30 days), and it will degrade in about 20 days after emergence. There is no need to manually remove the film, which saves the labor cost of field operations and realizes full automation. In the step 6, pay attention to the depth of cutting the ridges, and keep a distance of about 5 cm from the drip tape under the ridges to avoid damaging the drip tape. In this way, local rotation of furrows and ridges is achieved without destroying the soil structure for crop growth. Straw is concentrated and locally returned to the field, which is more conducive to the growth of crops in the next season. In the step 1, the SDI underground drip irrigation system is configured, and a vacuum valve and a filter device are installed at the original branch pipe. A 16 cm diameter hard plastic vertical short pipe is installed at the connection switch of each branch pipe and the branch pipe in the field to 5 cm below the ground, and the branch pipe valve is covered to protect it for manual opening. When stubble is removed in the field, the mouth of the plastic short pipe must be covered to avoid landfill damage. In the step 5, if sowing is done after the last frost, the top plane of the ridge does not need to be covered with film again, and dripping water can be directly used for emergence after sowing. If sowing is to be carried out about 20 days before the last frost, the top plane of the ridge covered with film must be covered with photobiological composite degradable mulch film, and strong double-sided tape must be pasted on the central film on the top surface of the ridge to make the ridge top film and the ridge cover a whole and firm to prevent wind disasters and frost damage. In the fourth step, if spring wheat is sown before early spring, trenches can be dug and ridges can be covered with film in this way before winter. Early sowing can be carried out in early spring, and the tires of the sowing locomotive should be driven in the trenches to avoid damaging the ridges and mulch film. The second step also includes checking all automatic switches in the field to ensure that there is no water leakage and the automatic switches are free, then filling and fixing the deep trenches of the water supply branch pipes, branch pipes, and capillary joints, filling them with soil to fix and compact them one by one, and leveling the surface. In the second step, Permanent signs should be placed at both ends of the fields where the capillary pipes have been laid. All capillary pipes should be marked to facilitate future fault inspection and maintenance. If conditions permit, a drip tape damage insurance alarm system can be installed to reduce malfunctions.

[0027] In the present invention, a ditch with a width of 25 cm and a depth of 25 cm is excavated at the branch valve of the main pipeline of the farmland, and branch pipes, branch pipes, electromagnetic valves and cables are installed. Three-way capillary joints are installed at a spacing of 38 cm and fixed at the bottom of the ditch. Permanent signs are inserted at the end of the field. An automatic driving locomotive is used to dig a ditch of 15 cm at a spacing of 38 cm, and nano high-strength embedded drip irrigation tape is laid, and the capillary joint is connected. After power-on inspection, it is buried and fixed. Permanent signs are inserted at the ends of the field at both ends of the farmland to mark all capillary tubes. If conditions permit, a drip tape damage insurance alarm system can be installed. Shallow buried drip irrigation tape is laid before winter, and winter irrigation is carried out in time. The water volume is based on the surface being moist but no visible water is seen. It is advisable to dig furrows and build ridges according to the row spacing of 76cm, plant two rows of wheat on the furrow surface, cover the ridges with 70cm wide and 0.01mm thick plastic film, sow early in early spring, lay shallow buried drip irrigation belts in spring, dig furrows for sowing and cover ridges with film, the furrow depth is 12cm, the furrow bottom width is 25cm, and two rows are planted, cover the soil and compact it, spray liquid film for moisture retention, weed control and pest control, implement overall no-tillage, break up the furrow-planted straw stubble and collect it at the furrow bottom, spray straw biodegradable bacteria, recycle the ridges and cover them with film, carry out furrow-ridge rotation, use SDI underground drip irrigation system, install vacuum valves and filtration devices, install hard plastic vertical short pipes at the connection switches between field branch pipes and branch pipes, and cover them for protection. For densely planted crops such as wheat and upland rice, two rows are planted on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of four rows. For sparsely planted crops such as cotton and corn, one row is planted on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of two rows. The ridges are covered with thick film to conserve moisture and collect rainwater. The drip strip on the bottom of the ditch is shallow. The drip volume per mu is controlled at about 5 cubic meters per mu. The water volume for seedling emergence is strictly controlled. During the peak growth period of crops, the drip switch of the ridge hard system is turned on to increase rapid dripping to meet the needs of crop growth.

[0028] The thick film (0.01mm) covering the ridges can retain moisture and collect rain (or snow) at the bottom of the ditch, which can effectively save water when irrigating crops. The drip zone on the bottom of the ditch is shallow, 3-5cm deep, and the drip volume per mu is strictly controlled at about 5 cubic meters per mu. It is better to keep the rows moist. There should be no open water in the ditch, otherwise it will be detrimental to the germination and growth of seeds. The surface soil at the bottom of the planting ditch is sprayed with a protective layer of liquid herbicides and insecticides. If the drip volume is slightly larger, it may destroy the efficacy of the film, so the amount of water for seedling emergence must be strictly controlled.

[0029] When a large amount of water is needed during the peak growth period of crops, in order to reduce deep leakage of water and fertilizer and shorten the dripping time, the drip switch of the ridge hardening system can be turned on at the same time to increase the rapid dripping and meet the needs of crop growth, so as to achieve efficient water-saving effects.

[0030] The basic principles and main features of the present invention are described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which shall fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the invention shall be defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation film-covered furrow and ridge rotation planting method for farmland, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use the SDI underground drip irrigation system configuration, install a vacuum valve and filter device at the original branch pipe, dig a deep trench horizontally and vertically at the branch valve of the main pipeline of the farmland, connect two antifreeze and pressure-resistant nano high-strength material branches and two branch pipes, electromagnetic valves and cables respectively; put the branch pipe and switch at the bottom of the trench, install the three-way capillary joint and switch at a spacing of 38cm for machine-picked cotton, keep the capillary joint 18cm away from the farmland ground and fix it in the trench with soil, and insert permanent signs on both sides of the field; Step 2: Use a navigation-enabled automatic driving vehicle to dig trenches at a depth of about 15 cm at a spacing of 38 cm, and lay nano high-strength inner-lined drip irrigation tapes. After laying the drip irrigation tapes in this way for each farmland, manually connect the capillary joints and the drip irrigation tapes, connect the automatic control valves and equipment according to the trench system and the ridge system, and conduct water and pressure tests after power-on inspection. Step 3: If the shallow buried drip irrigation belt is laid before winter, winter irrigation can be carried out in time. The amount of water should be such that the surface is moist but no visible water is seen. During winter irrigation, all branch pipe switches should be turned on to let in water, that is, the ditch system branch switches and ridge system switches should be turned on separately, and comprehensive drip irrigation should be carried out. When the water supply is cut off, only the main pipe valve needs to be closed; Step 4: If you plant spring wheat the following year, you can follow the furrow-ridge rotation system, dig furrows and build ridges with a row spacing of 76 cm and a depth of about 12 cm. Plant "winter eggs" on the furrow surface, two rows of wheat, and cover the ridges with a 70 cm wide and 0.01 mm thick plastic film to help retain moisture and accumulate snow and rain; Step 5: If you are laying shallow buried drip irrigation tape in spring, you can dig trenches, sow seeds, and cover the ridges while laying the capillary drip irrigation tape. The capillary tubes are laid to a depth of 15 cm, and the bottom is opened flat. The trench depth is about 12 cm, and the trench bottom width is 25 cm. Plant two rows of sparsely planted crops. Film is pressed on both sides of the trench bottom to a depth of 5 cm. After sowing, cover the ridges, cover the soil and compact the trench bottom and film side ditches, and cover the sown ground with soil to level and compact; Step 6: Implement overall no-tillage. The straw residues planted in the furrows can only be broken up in the furrows and collected at the bottom of the furrows. After spraying the straw biodegradation agent, the ridges are recovered and covered with film. The soil in the center of the ridges is trenched and dispersed on the original furrow surface. The straw is covered and compacted. The furrows are transformed into ridges, and the ridges are transformed into furrows for crop rotation. Step seven, cover the ridges with film, and plant dense crops such as wheat and upland rice in two rows on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of four rows, so that the width of the bottom of the ditch is increased. The ridges are narrow, and only 60-70cm wide and 0.01mm thick ground film is laid. Cover the ridges with film, and plant sparsely planted crops such as cotton, corn, tomatoes, potatoes, etc. in one row on each side of the drip strip on the bottom of the ditch, for a total of two rows. The bottom of the ditch is narrow and the ridges are wider. 80cm-90cm wide and 0.01mm thick ground film can be used, and liquid film for moisture retention, weed control and disease and pest prevention can be sprayed on the bottom of the ditch to facilitate automatic emergence.

2. The method for crop rotation using fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation and film covering in furrows and ridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 4, the flat film planting method includes narrow film, wide film, and super wide film. The furrow and ridge film planting method includes: sparsely planted crops such as corn and cotton are planted in two rows at the bottom of the furrow, and two rows of soybeans can be interplanted on the top of the film-covered ridge. The densely planted crops such as wheat, barley, and oats are planted in four rows in the wide flat furrow, and the ridge is narrow and small. The arch film furrow planting method includes: two rows of sparsely planted crops are planted on the bottom of the furrow, and four rows of densely planted crops are planted on the bottom of the furrow. The ridge is covered with film, and the bottom of the furrow is not covered with film. The surface soil at the bottom of the furrow is sprayed with liquid film, so that there is no need to place seedlings, and the seedlings can emerge by themselves. Degradable film: Because the liquid film has a short retention time and high cost, the ridge surface is covered with ordinary thicker film, which can be maintained until after autumn. The arch film on the top of the ridge uses a short-term degradable film, which degrades in about 20 days after emergence. There is no need to manually remove the film, saving the labor cost of field operations and achieving full automation.

3. The method for crop rotation using fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation and film covering in furrows and ridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step six, pay attention to the depth of cutting the ridges, and keep a distance of about 5 cm from the drip tape under the ridges to avoid damaging the drip tape. This achieves local crop rotation in the furrows and ridges, does not destroy the soil structure for crop growth, and concentrates the straw back to the fields, which is more conducive to the growth of crops in the next season.

4. The method for crop rotation using fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation and film covering in furrows and ridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 1, an SDI underground drip irrigation system is configured, a vacuum valve and a filter device are installed at the original branch pipe, a 16 cm diameter hard plastic vertical short pipe is installed 5 cm below the ground at the connection switch between each branch pipe and the branch pipe in the field, and a cover is added to protect the branch pipe valve for manual opening. When stubble is removed in the field, the mouth of the plastic short pipe must be covered to avoid landfill damage.

5. The method for crop rotation using fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation and film covering in furrows and ridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5, if sowing is done after the last frost, the top plane of the ridge does not need to be covered with film again, and seedlings can be directly dripped after sowing. If sowing is done about 20 days before the last frost, the top plane of the ridge covered with film must be covered with photobiological composite degradable mulch film again, and it must be pasted on the central film on the top surface of the ridge with strong double-sided tape, so that the film on the top of the ridge and the ridge are covered as a whole and firmly to prevent wind disasters and frost damage.

6. The method for crop rotation using fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation and film covering furrows and ridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, if spring wheat is sown before early spring, furrows can be dug, ridges can be built, and film can be covered before winter. In early spring, the sowing can be done in the frost-proof area, and the tires of the sowing locomotive should be in the furrows.

7. The method for crop rotation using fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation and film covering in furrows and ridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 2 also includes checking all automatic switches in the field to ensure that there is no water leakage and the automatic switches are free to open and close, filling the deep trenches for fixing the water supply branch pipes, branch pipes, and capillary joints, and filling them with soil to fix and compact them one by one to level the surface.

8. A method for fully automatic shallow buried drip irrigation film-covered furrow and ridge rotation planting in farmland according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: In the step 2, permanent signs are placed at both ends of the laid capillary tube farmland. All capillary tubes must be marked for future troubleshooting. If conditions permit, a drip tape damage insurance alarm system can be installed.