Water planting method for water lily

Abstract

The invention relates to a water lily water planting method which comprises the following steps: wrapping the root system of a tropical water lily fetal seedling in a rock wool block, planting the tropical water lily fetal seedling in a field planting basket with white stones at the lower part, then putting the field planting basket in a small container, pre-culturing with clear water, adding a 25% improved Hoagland nutrient solution in which the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is 1.5: 0.5: 1, and replacing once every 7-9 days. The method is convenient to operate and ingenious in design, normal growth and flowering of the water lily under the water culture condition are achieved, and technical support is provided for production of the water culture water lily potted flowers suitable for family gardening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of plant methods, and in particular to a water lily hydroponic method. Background Art

[0002] Water lily is a perennial aquatic herbaceous flower of the genus Nymphaea, family Nymphaeaceae. Tropical water lily has a high market value, rich colors, charming fragrance and high ornamental value.

[0003] Traditional water lily potted flower production usually uses large container soil. Since the pot soil is heavy and inconvenient to carry and affects the cleanliness of the room, the market is looking forward to small container water lily potted flower products. At present, in order to solve this problem, most ornamental plants are grown in water instead of soil, which can not only meet the requirements of ornamental value but also ensure the cleanliness and tidiness of the environment. Since the water lily leaves must float on the water, otherwise it will cause the plant to grow poorly and not bloom. When hydroponically growing water lilies, the water lilies need to be fixed first. A fixing device for water lilies has been developed before, but the cost is high, so a simpler fixing device needs to be developed.

[0004] Although water lilies are aquatic plants, they still rely on soil to provide nutrients for their growth and development. Growing under full hydroponic conditions cannot meet the nutrient requirements, and the root system is not well developed and it is difficult for them to survive. Currently, there is a lack of exclusive nutrient solution formulas for tropical water lilies on the market, and tropical water lilies have the characteristics of liking fertilizer but not being able to tolerate fertilizer. A special nutrient solution formula for tropical water lilies is needed to make up for the problem of insufficient nutrients in the growth of water lilies under full hydroponic conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a water lily hydroponic method to solve the problems of high cost of existing fixing devices and insufficient nutrition for water lily growth under full hydroponic conditions, so as to better develop water lily culture, expand the water lily market, and make water lilies enter thousands of households.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A water lily hydroponic method comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Fixing water lily seedlings: Rinse the roots of tropical water lily viviparous seedlings, cut the middle of the rock wool block and wrap the roots;

[0009] (2) Planting of water lily seedlings: Place the rock wool blocks that hold the roots in place into a planting basket filled with white stones at the bottom and hydroponically plant them in a small container;

[0010] (3) Seedling acclimatization: add water and culture for 7-10 days;

[0011] (4) Nutrient solution formula: Based on the modified Hoagland nutrient solution, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was adjusted to 1.5:0.5:1, and the pH of the prepared nutrient solution was adjusted to 6.5±0.2;

[0012] (5) Adding nutrient solution: Add nutrient solution every 5 to 9 days, preferably every 7 days;

[0013] (6) Daily maintenance: Collect algae and remove old leaves every day, and add water to the original water level every 1 to 3 days, preferably every 2 days.

[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the water lilies are selected to be viviparous seedlings, and the water lilies are fixed with rock wool blocks. The rock wool blocks are a solid soilless cultivation matrix made from minerals as the main raw materials, and have the characteristics of light weight, strong water holding capacity, large porosity, etc., which are conducive to the expansion and growth of the root system, and have a diameter of 5.8 cm.

[0015] Preferably, in step (2), the planting basket is a plastic screen tray commonly used for hydroponic plants, with the side walls and bottom covered with evenly distributed holes.

[0016] More preferably, the white stones are filled to 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the height of the planting basket to ensure that the fixing device does not float.

[0017] More preferably, the plastic sieve support has a height of 7-11 cm, an outer diameter of 8.5 cm, an inner diameter of 5.8 cm, and a length of 0.8-1.5 cm of white stones.

[0018] More preferably, in step (2), the small container has a diameter of 30-35 cm and a height of 20 cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the water level for acclimatizing the seedlings is maintained at 1 / 3-2 / 3, preferably 1 / 2, of the container so that the planting basket does not float but the leaves do.

[0020] Preferably, in step (4), the improved Hoagland nutrient solution is composed of AB solution and C solution, AB solution is prepared into 100 times mother solution, trace element C solution is prepared into 1000 times mother solution, 1L of macroelement nutrient solution is added with 10ml of trace element nutrient solution; the mother solution is prepared with deionized water, and the prepared nutrient solution is adjusted to pH=6.5 (optimal pH of water lily=6.5) with HCI and NaOH, and measured with a pH meter. Use 25% concentration of improved Hoagland nutrient solution.

[0021] More preferably, the composition of the AB liquid is as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 945mg·L -1 、KNO3 506mg·L -1 、NH4NO380mg·L -1 、KH2PO4 136mg·L -1、MgSO4·7H2O 493mg·L -1 .

[0022] More preferably, the composition of the liquid C is as follows: Na2FeEDTA 2.00 g·L -1 、H3BO3 0.30g·L -1 、MnSO40.15g·L -1 、ZnSO4 0.02g·L -1 、CuSO4 0.01g·L -1 、(NH4)Mo7O 24 4H2O 0.003g·L -1 .

[0023] Preferably, in step (5), the nutrient solution is added once every 7 days.

[0024] Preferably, in step (6), during daily maintenance, dead leaves, rotten leaves and algae in the container should be removed in time, the water level should be regularly observed, and water should be added in time to avoid water evaporation and high salt concentration causing seedling burn.

[0025] Beneficial Effects

[0026] The water lily hydroponic method provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0027] The present invention uses a fixing device combining a planting basket, white stones, and a rock wool block, which is simple to operate and has a low production cost. According to the characteristics of tropical water lilies that they like fertilizer but cannot tolerate fertilizer, the existing nutrient solution formula is improved, and a special nutrient solution formula for tropical water lilies and its application frequency are specifically studied to solve the problem of insufficient nutrition in the growth of water lilies under full hydroponic conditions. The present invention promotes the development of the water lily application market, allowing water lilies to enter thousands of households and no longer rely on traditional cultivation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Hydroponic fixtures;

[0029] Figure 2 Effects of different NPK ratios on the normal growth of tropical water lilies under hydroponic conditions;

[0030] Figure 3 Pictures of hydroponic potted plants showing poor growth of 'Black Beauty' with different NPK ratios;

[0031] Figure 4 Pictures of hydroponic potted plants with good growth of 'Black Beauty' at different NPK ratios;

[0032] Figure 5Effects of different NPK ratios on chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, soluble protein content, total sugar content, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, and MDA activity of 'Black Beauty' under hydroponic conditions;

[0033] Figure 6 The growth of tropical water lily 'Black Beauty' after being treated with 25% modified Hoagland's nutrient solution of 1.5N:0.5P:1K under a fixed device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is typical but not limiting. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturer are regarded as conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A water lily hydroponic method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0037] (1) Fixation of water lily seedlings: Rinse the roots of viviparous tropical water lily 'Black Beauty' seedlings that have uniform growth and are free of pests and diseases, cut a rock wool block with a diameter of 5.8 cm in the middle and wrap the roots;

[0038] (2) Planting of water lily seedlings: Put 2.5 cm high white stones into a planting basket with a height of 7 cm, an outer diameter of 8.5 cm, and an inner diameter of 5.8 cm. Put the rock wool block that fixes the root system into the planting basket with white stones at the bottom. Plant the water lily seedlings in a flower pot with a diameter of 32 cm and a height of 20 cm, and plant one plant in each pot.

[0039] (3) Seedling acclimatization: add clean water to the appropriate water level and culture in clean water for 7 days;

[0040] (4) Nutrient solution formula: The modified Hoagland nutrient solution was used as the basic formula. 25% modified Hoagland nutrient solution concentration was used to prepare AB solution and C solution (Table 1, 2). Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were used as experimental factors. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents were changed to 0.5 times, 1 times and 1.5 times of the basic formula. L 9 (3 4 ) Orthogonal test was combined to prepare 9 nutrient solution formulas with different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios (Table 3). In the nutrient solution formula, the macroelement AB solution was prepared into 100 times mother solution, the trace element C solution was prepared into 1000 times mother solution, and 1L of macroelement nutrient solution was added with 10ml of trace element nutrient solution. The mother solution was prepared with deionized water, and the pH of the prepared nutrient solution was adjusted to 6.5 with HCI and NaOH, and measured with a pH meter;

[0041] (5) Addition of nutrient solution: Nutrient solution was added every 7 days, and the control was treated without nutrient solution, with 5 replicates for each treatment;

[0042] (6) Daily maintenance: Collect algae and remove old leaves every day, and add water to the original water level every 2 days.

[0043] (7) Data recording: The number of flowers and leaves was measured once on the 7th day after nutrient solution treatment.

[0044] Table 1 Improved Hoagland nutrient solution AB solution formula

[0045]

[0046] Table 2 Improved Hoagland Nutrient Solution C Formula

[0047]

[0048] Table 3 NPK ratio of different nutrient solution formulas

[0049]

[0050] After being treated with nine different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios, the test materials were tested to see if they could grow and bloom normally. Figure 2 As shown, only the contents of 1N1 P1 K (basic formula), 0.5N0.5 P1.5 K (formula five), 0.5N1.5P1K (formula six), and 1.5N 0.5P 1K (formula eight) have a certain amount of flowers and leaves and are ornamental. They can be used as formulas for normal growth and flowering, and further research and screening are carried out. The phenotypes of the other poor growth formulas are fertilizer damage and lack of reproductive growth stages. The growth of the 'Black Beauty' potted plants after each treatment is shown in Figure 3 , 4.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A water lily hydroponic method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0053] (1) Fixation of water lily seedlings: Rinse the roots of viviparous tropical water lily 'Black Beauty' seedlings that have uniform growth and are free of pests and diseases, cut a rock wool block with a diameter of 5.8 cm in the middle and wrap the roots;

[0054] (2) Planting of water lily seedlings: Put 2.5 cm high white stones into a planting basket with a height of 7 cm, an outer diameter of 8.5 cm, and an inner diameter of 5.8 cm. Put the rock wool block that fixes the root system into the planting basket with white stones at the bottom. Plant the water lily seedlings in a flower pot with a diameter of 32 cm and a height of 20 cm, and plant one plant in each pot.

[0055] (3) Seedling acclimatization: add clean water to the appropriate water level and culture in clean water for 7 days;

[0056] (4) Nutrient solution formula: The modified Hoagland nutrient solution was used as the basic formula, and 25% modified Hoagland nutrient solution concentration was used to prepare AB solution and C solution (Tables 1, 2). Four different NPK ratio formulas (1N1 P1 K, 0.5N0.5 P1.5 K, 0.5N 1.5P 1K, 1.5N 0.5P 1K) with good growth and development of "Black Beauty" screened in the early stage were used. The macroelement AB solution in the nutrient solution formula was prepared into a 100-fold mother solution, and the trace element C solution was prepared into a 1000-fold mother solution. 1L of macroelement nutrient solution was added with 10ml of trace element nutrient solution. The mother solution was prepared with deionized water, and the pH of the prepared nutrient solution was adjusted to 6.5 with HCI and NaOH, and measured with a pH meter;

[0057] (5) Addition of nutrient solution: Nutrient solution was added every 7 days. The treatment without nutrient solution was used as the control. Five pots were repeated for each treatment.

[0058] (6) Daily maintenance: Collect algae and remove old leaves every day, and add water to the original water level every 2 days.

[0059] (7) Data recording: Phenotypic indices (petiole length, number of leaves, leaf area, crown width, number of flowers, flower diameter, branch height, and biomass) and physiological indices (chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, soluble protein content, total sugar content, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, and MDA activity) were measured once every 7 days after treatment, for a total of 4 measurements.

[0060] As shown in Table 4, the length of petioles reflects the growth rate of water lilies and their adaptability to the environment. There is no difference in the length of petioles under each formula treatment, but the overall growth potential is stronger than that under the clear water (CK) treatment. In terms of the number of leaves, the clear water (CK) treatment has the least, and the number of leaves under the two formulas of 0.5N 1.5P 1K and 1.5N 0.5P 1K increased by 127.85% and 137.34% compared with the clear water (CK). The size of the leaf area affects the photosynthetic area and the amount of products produced. Among them, the leaf area of ​​the formula 1.5N0.5P1K with a higher nitrogen content was significantly higher than that of the other formulas and the clear water (CK) treatment group during hydroponics, and increased by 48.5cm compared with the clear water (CK). 2 , which is 11.18cm higher than other formulas 2 、4.85cm 2 、9.07cm 2 The canopy growth was similar to the leaf area, and 1.5N 0.5P 1K was significantly higher than the other formulations.

[0061] Table 4 Effects of different NPK ratios on the vegetative growth of 'Black Beauty' under hydroponic conditions on Day 28

[0062]

[0063] Note: Different lowercase letters only represent the significant differences between nutrient solution formulas with different NPK ratios at the 0.05 level (P < 0.05) (the same below)

[0064] Table 5 is a record of the reproductive growth of the test materials. Since there is no reproductive growth under the clean water (CK) treatment, the measured data only include the four formulas with normal growth. The data results of the number of flowers, flower diameter and flower branch height are similar. The formula with a higher phosphorus content, 0.5N 1.5P 1K, is significantly different from the other formulas. In terms of the number of flowers, it increased by 200% compared with the 0.5N 0.5P 1.5K formula with the least number of flowers, and increased by 56% and 143.75% compared with the other two formulas. The flower diameter of the 1.5N 0.5P 1K formula under hydroponics is the smallest, which is 30.16% smaller than the 0.5N 1.5P 1K formula. In terms of flower branch height, the flower branch height value under the 1N 1P 1K formula is the smallest, which is 45.76% smaller than the significantly different 0.5N1.5P 1K. There is no significant difference in the treatment effects between the 0.5N 0.5P 1.5K and 1.5N 0.5P 1K formulas. In general, formulas with higher phosphorus content are more conducive to the reproductive growth of water lilies under hydroponic conditions.

[0065] Table 5 Effects of different NPK ratios on reproductive growth of 'Black Beauty' under hydroponic conditions on Day 28

[0066]

[0067] Table 6 reflects the accumulation of biomass under hydroponic conditions under different formulas. The fresh and dry weight of water lilies under each formula treatment is significantly different from the fresh and dry weight of water lilies under the clean water (CK) treatment. Among them, the fresh and dry weight under the 1.5N 0.5P 1K formula treatment is significantly higher than that of the other formulas, which increased by 324.89% and 338.16% respectively compared with the clean water (CK) treatment, and increased by 67.35% and 110.76% compared with 1N 1P 1K. The treatment effect under the 0.5N 1.5P 1K formula is second, which also increased by 239.24% and 284.21% compared with clean water (CK), and increased by 33.61% and 84.81% compared with 1N 1P 1K. There is no difference in the fresh weight of water lilies under the two formulas of 1N 1P 1K and 0.5N 0.5P1.5 K, and the difference in dry weight is not significant. Formulas with higher nitrogen and phosphorus content are helpful to improve the accumulation of water lily biomass.

[0068] Table 6 Effects of different NPK ratios on the biomass of 'Black Beauty' under hydroponic conditions on Day 28

[0069]

[0070] Figure 5 The effects of different NPK ratios on the physiological parameters of 'Black Beauty' under hydroponic conditions were shown. The chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll contents in the formula 1.5N0.5P1K with high nitrogen content were higher than those in the other formulas, and the net photosynthetic rate was also increased. The soluble protein and biomass values ​​under this formula were also the highest.

[0071] Table 7 Comprehensive evaluation of the growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics of 'Black Beauty' under different NPK ratios under hydroponic conditions

[0072]

[0073] The fuzzy membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the four designed nutrition formulas with different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios, 1N1P1K, 0.5N0.5P1.5K, 0.5N1.5P1K and 1.5N0.5P1K, based on the comprehensive measured index parameters. Figure 6 The comprehensive evaluation results show that the formula 1.5N0.5P1K with a high nitrogen content has the highest comprehensive evaluation index and can be used as a reference nutrient solution formula for tropical water lilies under hydroponic conditions.

[0074] The protection content of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, changes and advantages that can be thought of by those skilled in the art are included in the present invention and are protected by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A water lily hydroponic method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Fixing water lily seedlings: Rinse the roots of tropical water lily viviparous seedlings, cut the middle of the rock wool block, and wrap the roots; (2) Planting of water lily seedlings: Place the rock wool block that holds the roots in place into a planting basket filled with white stones, and place the planting basket in a container; (3) Seedling growth: add clean water and culture for 7-10 days; (4) Nutrient solution formula: The modified Hoagland nutrient solution was used as the basic formula, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was adjusted to 1.5:0.5:

1. The pH of the prepared nutrient solution was adjusted to 6.5±0.2; (5) Add nutrient solution: Add nutrient solution every 7 days; (6) Daily maintenance: Collect algae and remove old leaves every day, and add water to the original water level every 1 to 3 days.

2. The water lily hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the diameter of the rock wool block is 5.8±3 cm.

3. The water lily hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the planting basket is a plastic screen tray for hydroponic plants, and white stones are filled to 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the height of the planting basket.

4. The water lily hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the water level for acclimatization is maintained at 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the container so that the planting basket does not float but the leaves do.

5. The water lily hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the improved Hoagland nutrient solution is composed of AB solution and C solution, AB solution is prepared into a 100-fold mother solution, trace element C solution is prepared into a 1000-fold mother solution, and 10 ml of trace element nutrient solution is added to 1 L of macroelement nutrient solution.

6. The water lily hydroponic method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The composition of the AB solution is as follows: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 945 mg·L -1 、KNO3506 mg·L -1 、NH4NO380 mg·L -1 , KH ２ PO ４ 136 mg·L -1 、MgSO4·7H2O493 mg·L -1 .

7. The water lily hydroponic method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The composition of the C solution is as follows: Na2FeEDTA 2.00 g·L -1 、H3BO30.30 g·L -1 、MnSO40.15 g·L -1 、ZnSO40.02 g·L -1 、CuSO40.01 g·L -1 、(NH4)Mo7O 24 4H2O 0.003 g L -1 .

8. The water lily hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the nutrient solution is added once every 7 days.

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