Use of mesotrione to increase crop yield

Abstract

The application discloses application of mesotrione in improving crop yield, and the mesotrione has the following uses: improving rice yield, improving effective panicle number of rice, improving grain number per panicle of rice, improving thousand-grain weight of rice, improving wheat yield, improving corn yield and improving potato yield. The application improves crop yield by spraying the mesotrione on the leaf surface of crops (rice, wheat, corn and potato); the mesotrione has low toxicity, is easy to decompose, has little influence on human body and has high safety; the application of the mesotrione in crop growth has low concentration and different use mode from that of the mesotrione as a herbicide in soil and weeds, the application expands the application of the mesotrione and develops a new technical scheme for improving crop yield.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to application of mesotrione in improving crop yield. BACKGROUND

[0002] Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the regulation factors in the growth and development, maturity stages of plants, is an important plant hormone, has physiological functions of regulating plant growth, maintaining bud and seed dormancy, promoting fruit and leaf abscission, and affecting flowering. ABA not only plays an important regulation role in plant growth and development, but also participates in the resistance of plants to various stress. ABA is a strong plant growth inhibitor, and is formed in many parts such as senescent leaf tissue, mature fruit, seed, and stem and root. The biosynthesis of ABA is an important way to affect the content thereof. The biosynthesis can be divided into two pathways: one is a terpenoid pathway, also known as a C15 direct pathway, which directly forms 15-carbon ABA from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) through cyclization and oxidation. The other is a carotenoid pathway, also known as a C40 indirect pathway, that is, β-carotene polymerized from mevalonic acid (MVA) is catalyzed by ZEP encoded by AtABA1 to form zeaxanthin, and then 9-cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase (NCEDs) is oxidized to form xanthoxyl aldehyde, which is considered as a key enzyme for ABA synthesis. Subsequently, xanthoxyl aldehyde is converted into ABA in the cytoplasm through catalysis of short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase (encoded by AtABA2) and aldehyde oxidase (AAO3) and activation of molybdenum cofactor sulfase (MoCo) encoded by AtABA3. The C40 indirect pathway is the main path for ABA biosynthesis in plants.

[0003] Mesotrione, with a trade name of Suremount, is a herbicide developed by Syngenta, which is an inhibitor targeting HPPD (hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase).

[0004] There is no public information about the correlation between mesotrione and ABA and other effects of mesotrione on plant growth. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides application of mesotrione in improving crop yield. The present application provides application of mesotrione in promoting yield of crops (rice, wheat, corn, potato).

[0006] The present application has the following purposes:

[0007] (1) improving yield of rice;

[0008] (2) increasing effective ear number of rice;

[0009] (3) increasing the number of grains per panicle of rice;

[0010] (4) increasing the thousand-grain weight of rice;

[0011] (5) increasing the yield of wheat;

[0012] (6) increasing the yield of corn;

[0013] (7) increasing the yield of potato.

[0014] The mesotrione described above is applied to the leaf surface of the crops by spraying.

[0015] Further, the spraying concentration of the mesotrione is 0.1 μmol / L to 1 μmol / L.

[0016] Further preferably, the spraying concentration of the mesotrione is 1 μmol / L.

[0017] The present application has found that the mesotrione has a dose-dependent effect on the yield of crops, and 0.1 to 1 μmol / L can significantly increase the number of effective panicles, the number of grains per panicle, the thousand-grain weight, and the final yield per mu of rice, and significantly increase the yield of wheat, corn, and potato. With the increase of the concentration, the yield tends to decrease.

[0018] As a second aspect of the present application, a method for increasing the yield of crops is provided, which comprises spraying a mesotrione aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the crops.

[0019] Further, the treatment of the method is implemented at the booting stage and the heading stage of rice.

[0020] Further, the treatment of the method is implemented by spraying twice at an interval of 30 days after the overwintering of wheat returns to green, and in the embodiments of the present application, the spraying is implemented at the 30th day and the 60th day, respectively.

[0021] Further, the treatment of the method is implemented by spraying twice at an interval of 30 days after the sowing of corn, and in the embodiments of the present application, the spraying is implemented at the 30th day and the 60th day, respectively.

[0022] Further, the treatment of the method is implemented by spraying three times at an interval of 30 days after the sowing of potato, and in the embodiments of the present application, the spraying is implemented at the 30th day, the 60th day, and the 90th day, respectively.

[0023] The inventors have found that hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) can convert amino acid oxynate into plastoquinone. Plastoquinone is the cofactor of phytoene desaturase, which is a key enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis. Spraying mesotrione at normal dosage affects the synthesis of carotenoids in plants, and the meristems of plants appear yellowing symptoms within 3-5 days, which causes scab and eventually leads to the death of plants. Zeaxanthin in carotenoids is the precursor of abscisic acid synthesized by plants. Using mesotrione to act on zeaxanthin leads to the decrease of ABA content, and reduces or eliminates the inhibitory effect of ABA on plant growth.

[0024] The present application has the advantages of:

[0025] 1. The present application finds a new use of mesotrione other than herbicide, and provides the application of mesotrione in the planting of crops (rice, wheat, corn, potato), which improves the yield of crops by spraying the leaves of crops (rice, wheat, corn, potato).

[0026] 2. Mesotrione has low toxicity, easy decomposition, small influence on human body, and high safety. As a herbicide, the commonly used concentration is 15%, and the present application applies it to the growth of crops, uses it at a low concentration, and uses it in a different way from the soil and weeds as a herbicide. The present application expands the application and develops a new technical scheme for improving the yield of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings constituting a part of the specification of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0028] The drawings constituting a part of the specification of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0029] Figure 1 : Effective ear number of rice variety "Jiru rice No. 2" treated by spraying different mesotrione solutions.

[0030] Figure 2 : Ear grain number of rice variety "Jiru rice No. 2" treated by spraying different mesotrione solutions.

[0031] Figure 3 : 1000-grain weight of rice variety "Jiru rice No. 2" treated by spraying different mesotrione solutions.

[0032] Figure 4 : Yield of rice variety "Jiru rice No. 2" treated by spraying different mesotrione solutions.

[0033] Figure 5 Yield of wheat variety "Ji Mai 22" treated by spraying different solutions of mesotrione.

[0034] Figure 6 Yield of corn variety "Zhengdan 958" treated by spraying different solutions of mesotrione.

[0035] Figure 7 Yield of potato variety "Favorita" treated by spraying different solutions of mesotrione. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0037] Mesotrione, English name: Mesotrione;

[0038] Chemical name: 2-(4-methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzoyl) cyclohexane-1,3-dione;

[0039] English chemical name: (2-(4-mesyl-2-nitrobenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione).

[0040] The present application uses mesotrione solution to explore its effect on the yield of rice variety "Ji Ru rice No. 2" by foliar spraying treatment, and uses wheat variety "Ji Mai 22", corn variety "Zhengdan 958", potato variety "Favorita" to verify the application effect of mesotrione.

[0041] Example 1: Mesotrione improves rice yield

[0042] (1) Test site overview and test materials

[0043] The test site is located in Jining City, Rencheng District, Jining City Agricultural Science Research Institute test base (116°35′44.754″E, 35°27′43.012″N, altitude 39 meters).

[0044] Rice variety: Ji Ru rice No. 2, provided by Jining City Agricultural Science Research Institute.

[0045] The mesotrione powder solution ddH2O was adjusted to a concentration of 0.1, 1, 10 μmol / L solution.

[0046] (2) Test design

[0047] The rice seedlings were raised on May 20, 2024, transplanted on June 24, and harvested on November 10 of the same year.

[0048] Jiru Rice No. 2 was treated in four ways:

[0049] Treatment 1: Blank control group (CK) ddH2O, sprayed at 15 liters / acre, the same below;

[0050] Treatment 2: Low concentration spraying treatment group, foliar spraying with a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L mesotrione solution;

[0051] Treatment 3: Medium concentration spraying treatment group, foliar spraying with a concentration of 1.0 μmol / L mesotrione solution;

[0052] Treatment 4: High-concentration spraying treatment group, with foliar spraying of a 10 μmol / L mesotrione solution.

[0053] Each treatment was implemented twice, on August 5th during the booting stage and on August 21st during the heading stage.

[0054] A randomized block design was used, with three replicates for each treatment. Each plot was 2.2m wide and 3m long, with a row spacing of 0.28m and a plant spacing of 0.17m, with 4 rice plants per plant. Each plot contained approximately 576 plants, surrounded by a 0.5m protective row. Other cultivation and management practices were the same as conventional field management methods.

[0055] (3) Measurement indicators and measurement methods

[0056] Determination of effective panicle number: During the harvest period, three replicates were used for each plot, and 8 rice plants were randomly selected from each replicate. Except for rice panicles with less than 5 grains per panicle, all other rice panicles with grains filled and white panicles caused by diseases or pests were counted as effective panicles, and the average value was calculated.

[0057] Seed setting rate determination: During the harvest period, three replicates were used for each plot, and 10 ears were randomly selected from each replicate to calculate the seed setting rate. Seed setting rate (%) = average number of filled grains per ear / average total number of grains per ear.

[0058] Determination of grain count per ear: At harvest, three replicates were taken for each treatment, and 10 ears were randomly selected from each replicate. The number of grains per ear / number of empty and shriveled grains was recorded.

[0059] 1000-grain weight determination: Using sun-dried and winnowed grains as the standard, 1000 grains were randomly selected, weighed, and the average value was calculated.

[0060] Rice yield per mu (unit of land area): During the harvest period, three replicates were taken for each treatment. The area of ​​each replicate was 1.38 square meters, containing 5 rows and 30 holes of rice. After harvesting the grains, they were dried and winnowed, and the yield of each replicate was weighed and then converted into yield per mu.

[0061] Example 2: Mesotrione increases wheat yield

[0062] (1) Overview of the test site and test materials

[0063] The experimental site is located at the experimental base of Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. in Tianbao Town, Tai'an City, Shandong Province (117°22'20.168400" E, 35°57'30.160800" N).

[0064] Wheat variety: Jimai 22, provided by Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0065] (2) Experimental Design

[0066] Wheat seeds were sown on October 19, 2023, and harvested on June 5, 2024.

[0067] Jimai 22 has two treatment options:

[0068] Treatment 1: Blank control group (CK), ddH2O was sprayed at 15 liters / acre, the same below;

[0069] Treatment 2: Foliar spraying treatment group with low concentration of mesotrione solution, the concentration of mesotrione solution was 1.0 μmol / L.

[0070] Each treatment was implemented 30 days and 60 days after the wheat overwintered and turned green, for a total of 2 times.

[0071] A randomized block design was adopted, with three replicates for each treatment. Each replicate occupied one row, with a row width of 0.8m, a row spacing of 0.2m, and a row length of 50m. Two protective rows were set around the perimeter. Other cultivation and management measures were the same as conventional field management methods.

[0072] (3) Measurement indicators and measurement methods

[0073] Wheat yield per mu (unit of land area): During the harvest period, three replicates were taken for each treatment, with an area of ​​1.0 square meters for each replicate. Five plots were randomly selected from each replicate, for a total of 15 plots. The wheat grains were harvested, dried, and winnowed, and the yield of each replicate was measured. The yield per mu was then calculated.

[0074] Example 3: Mesotrione increases maize yield

[0075] (1) Overview of the test site and test materials

[0076] The experimental site is located at the Panhe Campus Experimental Base of Shandong Agricultural University in Tai'an City, Shandong Province (117°10'13.220400"E, 36°10'38.974800"N).

[0077] Corn variety: Zhengdan 958, provided by Shandong Agricultural University.

[0078] (2) Experimental Design

[0079] The corn was planted on May 7, 2024, and harvested on September 21, 2024.

[0080] Zhengdan 958 has two processing options:

[0081] Treatment 1: Blank control group (CK), ddH2O was sprayed at 15 liters / acre, the same below;

[0082] Treatment 2: Foliar spraying treatment group with low concentration of mesotrione solution, the concentration of mesotrione solution was 1.0 μmol / L.

[0083] Each treatment was administered 30 days and 60 days after corn sowing, for a total of two administrations.

[0084] A randomized block design was adopted, with three replicates for each treatment. Each replicate consisted of one row with a row spacing of 0.6m and a plant spacing of 0.3m. Two protective rows were set up around the perimeter. Other cultivation and management measures were the same as conventional field management methods.

[0085] (3) Measurement indicators and measurement methods

[0086] Maize yield determination: Three replicates were taken for each treatment at harvest time, with each replicate covering an area of ​​1.44 m². 2 (1.2m*1.2m) square meters, containing 2 rows of 10 corn plants. After harvesting the kernels, dry and winnow them, weigh the yield of each duplicate, and then calculate the yield per mu.

[0087] Example 4: Mesotrione increases potato yield

[0088] (1) Overview of the test site and test materials

[0089] The experimental site is located at the Experimental Base of the Institute of Special Crops, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences (109°33′54.5″E, 31°24′0.8″N).

[0090] Potato variety: Feureita, provided by the Special Crops Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0091] (2) Experimental Design

[0092] Potato seed tubers were planted on December 27, 2023, and harvested on May 21, 2024.

[0093] Feureita has four treatment options:

[0094] Blank control group (CK): ddH2O, sprayed at 15 liters / acre, the same below;

[0095] Low-concentration spraying treatment group: Foliar spraying with a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L mesotrione solution;

[0096] Medium concentration spraying treatment group: Foliar spraying with a concentration of 1.0 μmol / L mesotrione solution;

[0097] High-concentration spraying treatment group: Foliar spraying with a 10 μmol / L solution of mesotrione.

[0098] Each treatment was applied 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing, for a total of 3 applications.

[0099] A wide-ridge planting pattern was adopted, with a bed spacing of 1 meter. Ridges were made on top of the beds, with a ridge height of 20 centimeters, and two rows were planted on each ridge. A randomized block design was used, with 3 replicates for each treatment. 3 plots were randomly selected for each replicate, and each plot had an area of ​​14m². 2 (7m*2m), with two protective rows around the perimeter, and other cultivation and management measures are the same as conventional field management methods.

[0100] Results and Analysis

[0101] (1) Mesotrione treatment increases the yield of rice variety "Jiru Rice No. 2".

[0102] Effective panicle number, number of grains per panicle, and thousand-grain weight are important factors affecting crop yield. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The study investigated the effects of different concentrations of mesotrione solution on the number of effective panicles, number of grains per panicle, thousand-grain weight, and yield per mu of rice variety "Jiru Rice No. 2". As shown in the figure, the rice variety "Jiru Rice 2" treated with different concentrations of mesotrione solution had significantly higher effective panicle number, panicle grain number, and thousand-grain weight than the blank control (treatment 1). Compared with the blank control, "Jiru Rice 2" treated with 0.1 μmol / L mesotrione solution had 13.41% more effective panicle number, 7.35% more panicle grain number, and 0.71% more thousand-grain weight, resulting in a 14.56% increase in yield per mu (667 square meters); "Jiru Rice 2" treated with 1.0 μmol / L mesotrione solution had 14.75% more effective panicle number, 3.89% more panicle grain number, and 3.17% more thousand-grain weight, resulting in a 15.53% increase in yield per mu; and "Jiru Rice 2" treated with 10 μmol / L mesotrione solution had 10.04% more effective panicle number, 2.87% less panicle grain number, and 1.48% more thousand-grain weight, resulting in a 1.94% decrease in yield per mu.

[0103] (2) Mesotrione treatment increases the yield of wheat variety "Jimai 22".

[0104] like Figure 5As shown, the yield of wheat "Jimai 22" increased from 470.34±4.82 kg / mu in the blank control group (treatment 1) to 536.62±14.03 kg / mu in treatment 2. The mesotrione treatment increased wheat yield by 14.09%, indicating that the yield-increasing effect of mesotrione solution on wheat is consistent with its effect on rice.

[0105] (3) Mesotrione treatment increases the yield of maize variety "Zhengdan 958".

[0106] like Figure 6 As shown, the yield of maize "Zhengdan 958" increased from 696.74±56.04 kg / mu in the blank control group (treatment 1) to 747.89±71.10 kg / mu in treatment 2. Mesotrione treatment increased maize yield by 7.34%, indicating that the yield-increasing effect of mesotrione solution on maize is consistent with its effect on rice and wheat.

[0107] (4) Mesotrione treatment increases the yield of potato 'Feureita'

[0108] Figure 7 The results show the yield of the potato variety "Feiwuruita" after different treatments. The yield in the blank control group (treatment 1) was 176.28±8.81 kg / mu. Treatment 2 (0.1 μmol / L mesotrione) had the highest yield, at 402.58±20.13 kg / mu, with a growth rate of 128.38%. Treatment 3 (1.0 μmol / L mesotrione) had a yield of 331.12±20.13 kg / mu, which was 87.84% higher than the control (CK). Potatoes treated with 10 μmol / L mesotrione in treatment 3 had a yield of 152.46±7.62 kg / mu, which was 13.51% lower than the control (CK).

[0109] in conclusion

[0110] The results of this invention show that treatment with mesotrione solution can significantly increase the yield of rice, wheat, corn and potatoes.

[0111] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of mesotrione in increasing crop yield, characterized in that, The crops include rice, wheat, corn, and potatoes; mesotrione is applied to the leaves of the crops by spraying at a concentration of 0.1 μmol / L to 1 μmol / L.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, Mesotrione has the following uses: (1) Increase rice yield; (2) Increase the number of effective panicles in rice; (3) Increase the number of grains per panicle in rice; (4) Increase the thousand-grain weight of rice; (5) Increase wheat yield; (6) Increase corn yield; (7) Increase potato yield.

3. A method for increasing crop yield, characterized in that, For the purpose of foliar spraying of mesotrione aqueous solution on crops, the crops include rice, wheat, corn and potatoes; mesotrione is applied to the leaves of the crops by spraying, and the spraying concentration of mesotrione is 0.1 μmol / L to 1 μmol / L.

4. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 3, characterized in that, The treatment method is implemented during the booting and heading stages of rice.

5. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 3, characterized in that, The treatment method involves spraying twice, 30 days apart, after the wheat has overwintered and turned green.

6. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 3, characterized in that, The treatment method involves spraying twice after corn sowing, with a 30-day interval between the two treatments.

7. The method for increasing crop yield according to claim 3, characterized in that, The treatment method involves spraying the potato planted potato three times after planting, with a 30-day interval between the three treatments.

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