Embedded particles as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food, and particularly discloses embedded particles as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The embedded particle comprises a bacterial liquid inner core, a first colloid layer, a gas layer and a cured second colloid layer from inside to outside, colloidal substances in the first colloidal layer comprise agar, xanthan gum and gellan gum in a mass ratio of (0.5-2): (0.05-1): (1-5); colloidal substances in the second colloidal layer comprise gelatin, sodium alginate and konjac glucomannan in a mass ratio of (1-5): (0.05-0.5): (0.5-3); gas in the gas layer comprises nitrogen and carbon dioxide; the diameter of the bacterial liquid inner core is 2.0-2.5 mm, and the thicknesses of the first colloid layer, the gas layer and the second colloid layer cured by the calcium ions are 0.4-0.7 mm, 0.3-0.5 mm and 0.35-0.65 mm respectively. The embedded particles disclosed by the invention are novel in taste and have a viable bacterium protection effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of food technology, in particular to an embedded particle and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As people's awareness of healthy eating increases, the yogurt industry has further flourished, with more emphasis on the natural, organic and functional nature of products, such as adding probiotics to promote intestinal health and developing low-sugar and sugar-free products to meet the needs of specific groups of people. The development of yogurt has experienced a transformation from traditional flavors to diversified flavors, from ordinary yogurt to functional yogurt, and market competition has become increasingly fierce.

[0003] Ambient yogurt is a product that is pasteurized after fermentation, which can kill the active probiotics in the yogurt, so that it can be stored at room temperature for 6 months. However, the growth rate of ambient yogurt has slowed down, partly due to the increase in consumer demand for healthy and fresh food, and the return of low-temperature yogurt consumption scenarios.

[0004] In order to meet market challenges and make room temperature yogurt have the live bacteria effect of low temperature yogurt, there are currently two technical innovation ideas. First, use the aseptic post-addition method to add live bacteria of special strains to yogurt. The live bacteria will not multiply in large quantities under room temperature, but can maintain a high active bacteria rate and excellent taste. Second, use the embedding method to first prepare the live bacteria into embedded particles and then add them to yogurt. Due to the barrier of the embedding material, the live bacteria will not multiply in large quantities and can maintain a high live bacteria count.

[0005] There are many solutions for encapsulating particles in the prior art, but it is still necessary to develop a solution with a more novel taste and that can also take into account the protection effect on live bacteria. Summary of the invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an embedded particle with a novel taste and a live bacteria protection effect.

[0007] The present invention provides an embedded particle, which comprises, from the inside to the outside: a bacterial liquid core, a first colloidal layer, a gas layer and a second colloidal layer solidified by calcium ions; the colloidal substance in the first colloidal layer comprises agar, xanthan gum and gellan gum in a mass ratio of (0.5-2): (0.05-1): (1-5); the colloidal substance in the second colloidal layer comprises gelatin, sodium alginate and konjac gum in a mass ratio of (1-5): (0.05-0.5): (0.5-3); the gas in the gas layer comprises nitrogen and carbon dioxide; The diameter of the bacterial liquid core is 2.0-2.5 mm, and the thicknesses of the first colloid layer, the gas layer and the second colloid layer solidified by calcium ions are 0.4-0.7 mm, 0.3-0.5 mm and 0.35-0.65 mm respectively.

[0008] The present invention introduces a specific gas layer between two specific colloid layers of live bacteria embedded particles, so that the embedded particles as a whole have both an ideal live bacteria retention effect and a bursting and chewing mouthfeel, providing embedded particles with a novel taste and good live bacteria protection effect.

[0009] Specifically, the present invention has found that isolating oxygen is beneficial to maintaining the activity of live bacteria, and isolating oxygen with other gases is expected to provide a protective effect for live bacteria and bring a novel taste to the product. However, when preparing the actual embedded particles, the introduction of the gas layer brings new challenges, such as how to select the gas components in the gas layer to obtain the ideal effect; there is a certain pressure in the gas layer, how to select other embedded layer materials that match it to take into account the airtightness of the gas layer, avoid the adverse effects of the gas layer on the live bacteria core, and control the overall breakage rate of the embedded particles; how to introduce the gas layer so that the particles have both a bursting taste (easy to bite and can release gas instantly), and ideal processing resistance (acid and high temperature resistance, not easy to break), and at the same time, a light gum feeling, easy to chew, etc.

[0010] After repeated trials, the present inventors discovered that by selecting a gas layer with a specific composition and combining it with two specific adhesive layers, it is possible to successfully balance the effects of various aspects and obtain a product that is resistant to processing, has good live bacteria protection, and has an ideal bursting and chewing feel.

[0011] The first colloidal layer of the present invention has the characteristics of fast gelation speed, high melting point, good fat barrier effect, etc., and can isolate and protect the bacteria inside the embedded particles in the presence of the gas layer; the second colloidal layer is resistant to high temperature, acid and alkali, has strong toughness, and is transparent in color. While protecting the internal structure, it also has a better visual sensory effect.

[0012] In the embedded particles of the present invention, the bacterial liquid core comprises bacterial powder, MCT and dietary fiber; the mass ratio of the bacterial powder, MCT and dietary fiber is (10-20): (75-85): (3-10).

[0013] In the embedded particles of the present invention, the dietary fiber includes one or more of polydextrose, inulin, citrus fiber, resistant dextrin, galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide.

[0014] In the embedded particles of the present invention, the gas in the gas layer contains 50-90% nitrogen (the rest is carbon dioxide).

[0015] In the embedded particles of the present invention, the average diameter of the embedded particles is 4.5-5.5 mm.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned embedded particles, which comprises: Completely dissolving the colloidal substances in the first colloidal layer and the second colloidal layer in water respectively to obtain a first layer of colloidal solution and a second layer of colloidal solution; Fully mixing the components in the bacterial liquid core to obtain a bacterial liquid; Connect the gas tank to the gas outlet in the dripper to supply gas to the gas layer; Through a four-layer dropping pill method, the first layer of glue is wrapped around the bacterial liquid, the gas layer is located outside the first colloid layer formed by the first layer of glue, and the second layer of glue is located outside the gas layer, so as to obtain a dropping pill to be solidified; The pellets to be solidified are solidified in a calcium ion solution to obtain solidified embedded particles.

[0017] The present invention can directly prepare the embedded particles of the present invention through the four-layer structure of the pill dripper, and the preparation method is simple and convenient, and is easy to industrialize and apply.

[0018] Those skilled in the art can adjust the size of each layer of the dripper and the feeding pressure of the material according to the common sense in the art and the ratio of each layer of the final embedded particles. For example, the gas outlet flow rate for forming the gas layer can be 5-25 cm 3 / min, the speed of the bacterial solution and each layer of glue pump can be 400-500 rpm.

[0019] In the method of the present invention, per 100 parts by weight of the first layer of glue solution, 0.5-2 parts of agar, 0.05-1 parts of xanthan gum, 1-5 parts of gellan gum, and the balance is water; Every 100 parts by weight of the second layer of glue comprises 1-5 parts of gelatin, 0.05-0.5 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5-3 parts of konjac gum, and the balance is water; And / or, per 100 parts by weight of the calcium ion solution, the calcium salt comprises 1.2-2 parts, 1.2-1.7 parts of glycerol, and the remainder is water.

[0020] The method of the present invention further comprises the steps of washing and drying the solidified embedded particles.

[0021] The present invention also provides the use of the embedded particles or the embedded particles prepared by the method in preparing food.

[0022] The present invention also provides a yogurt comprising the embedded particles or the embedded particles prepared by the method.

[0023] The yogurt of the present invention can maintain the live bacteria efficacy of the yogurt at room temperature, the live bacteria particles are highly intact and have a bursting taste, and provides health benefits to people while also providing a sense of pleasure brought by the bursting bead particles.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least: The embedded particles of the present invention not only have a novel bursting mouthfeel, but also can effectively protect the live bacteria embedded therein. By adding the embedded particles to yogurt, a product with a high number of live bacteria and a novel mouthfeel can be obtained at room temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse section of the dripping head of the pill machine.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the pill structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that the following examples are provided only for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and substitutions to the present invention without departing from the purpose and spirit of the present invention.

[0028] The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available or prepared according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0029] The present invention provides a method for preparing embedded particles and yogurt containing the embedded particles, which specifically comprises: 1. Chemicals (1) Colloidal material: The colloidal substances in the first colloidal layer and the second colloidal layer are completely dissolved in water to obtain the first layer of colloidal liquid and the second layer of colloidal liquid, respectively.

[0030] The colloidal substances in the first colloidal layer include agar, xanthan gum and gellan gum; and the colloidal substances in the second colloidal layer include gelatin, sodium alginate and konjac gum.

[0031] (2) Bacterial culture material: Add bacterial powder to MCT, and at the same time add dietary fiber (including one or more combinations of soluble dietary fibers such as polydextrose, inulin, citrus fiber, resistant dextrin, galacto-oligosaccharide, oligofructose, etc.), start stirring until the powder is completely dissolved in MCT to obtain bacterial liquid.

[0032] 2. Dropping pills The pill dropping machine is a conventional pill dropping machine. The dripper adopts a four-layer structure, including a bacterial liquid outlet, a first-layer glue liquid outlet, a gas outlet, and a second-layer glue liquid outlet. The cross-sectional diagram is shown in Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the prepared pellet structure is shown in Figure 2The innermost layer of the pill from the inside to the outside is the bacterial liquid core formed by the bacterial liquid, the second layer is the first colloid layer formed by the first layer of glue, the third layer is the gas layer, and the fourth layer (outermost layer) is the second colloid layer formed by the solidification of the second layer of glue. The bacterial liquid, the first layer of glue, and the second layer of glue are all fed by the raw material tank of the pill machine; the gas in the gas layer is supplied by an external gas tank (the gas in the external gas tank is supplied to the gas outlet in the dripper through a hose), and there is a pressure regulating valve at the outlet of the gas tank to adjust the gas pressure and flow.

[0033] (1) Feeding: Add the dissolved gel solution and bacterial solution of each layer into the raw material tank of the pill making machine respectively.

[0034] (2) Gas regulation: Open the pressure regulating valve at the gas tank outlet and adjust the gas flow.

[0035] (3) Dropping pills: The four layers of the dripper discharge the material simultaneously, and the dripping is formed into spherical embedded particles.

[0036] (4) Solidification: The obtained embedded particles are immersed in a solidification liquid and fully solidified. The solidification liquid comprises water (97 parts), calcium chloride (1.5 parts), and glycerol (1.5 parts) by weight.

[0037] 3. Cleaning (1) Cleaning: Clean the solidified embedded particles with water.

[0038] (2) Drying: Use a dryer to dry the embedded particles. The drying temperature is 30°C and the drying time is greater than 8 hours.

[0039] (3) Secondary cleaning: Use 100% pure alcohol to clean the dried embedded particles.

[0040] (4) Drying: Dry the embedded particles in the sun to evaporate the alcohol residue on the surface.

[0041] 4. Yogurt product preparation (1) Adding materials: Mix the prepared embedded particles with the jam, and the embedded particles account for 6% of the mass of the jam.

[0042] (2) Sterilization: Use a scraper sterilizer to sterilize the embedded particles and jam at a temperature of 102°C for 30 minutes.

[0043] (3) Dynamic mixing and aseptic filling: Dynamically mix the sterilized embedded particles and jam with yogurt (the total mass of the embedded particles and jam is 10% of the mass of the yogurt). After mixing, aseptic filling is performed, and the pH value of the final product is 4.2-4.4.

[0044] Examples 1-6 In this embodiment, the embedded particles were prepared according to the method described above, and the specific formulas and process parameters of each embodiment are shown in Table 1. The bacterial powder was BC99 Bacillus coagulans powder, and the live bacteria content of the raw material bacterial powder was 200 billion / g.

[0045] Table 1

[0046] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, and its preparation method and formula are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that the components and amounts of the first layer of glue are as follows: 0.2 parts of agar, 0.7 parts of xanthan gum, 2.95 parts of gellan gum, and the balance is water.

[0047] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, and its preparation method and formula are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that the components and amounts of the second layer of glue are as follows: 0.5 parts of gelatin, 0.45 parts of sodium alginate, 2.65 parts of konjac gum, and the balance of water.

[0048] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, whose preparation method and formulation are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that the pressure regulating valve at the outlet of the gas tank is adjusted to reduce the gas flow rate so that the thickness of the gas layer is 0.2 mm.

[0049] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, and its preparation method and formulation are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that the composition of the gas layer is changed, and only nitrogen is used as a component of the gas layer.

[0050] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, and its preparation method and formula are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that the xanthan gum in the first layer of the glue component is replaced by gelatin.

[0051] Comparative Example 6 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, and its preparation method and formula are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that konjac gum is used to replace the xanthan gum in the first layer of the glue component.

[0052] Comparative Example 7 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, and its preparation method and formula are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that carrageenan is used to replace konjac gum in the second layer of the glue component.

[0053] Comparative Example 8 This comparative example provides an embedded particle, and its preparation method and formula are basically the same as those of Example 4, except that pectin is used to replace konjac gum in the second layer of glue component.

[0054] Experimental example 1. Sensory evaluation of particles: The sensory evaluation was completed by 30 evaluators. The sensory categories of particles are particle bursting and particle chewing. The specific standards are shown in Table 2. In order to make the results more intuitive, the evaluation levels are assigned: excellent is 90 points, good is 70 points, medium is 50 points, and poor is 30 points. The corresponding scores are multiplied by the number of people to get the sum, and then divided by the total number of people to get the average sensory value of the sample. The higher the average value, the better the sensory feeling. The statistical results are shown in Table 3.

[0055] Table 2

[0056] Table 3

[0057] Example 4 was the best in terms of particle bursting feeling and particle chewing feeling, and the final score was also the highest.

[0058] 2. Damage degree, number of live bacteria, and number of live bacteria in the six-month shelf life. The results are shown in Table 4: Degree of breakage: The embedded particles prepared in each embodiment and each comparative example were added to yogurt according to the method described in Example 1 to obtain a final product, and then left to stand for 2 days. 100 embedded particles were taken out and the number of broken particles therein was screened. Degree of breakage = number of broken particles / 100 × 100%.

[0059] Number of live bacteria: The embedded particles prepared in each embodiment and each comparative example were added to yogurt according to the method described in Example 1 to obtain a final product, and 10 particles were randomly selected from the yogurt. After washing, the particles were added to 100 ml of aqueous solution and ground thoroughly to break the rubber layer. All the bacteria in the particles were dissolved in water, and the total number of bacterial species in the aqueous solution was measured. The total number of bacterial species was divided by 10 to obtain the bacterial species content in each particle.

[0060] Six-month shelf life viable bacteria count: Place the above-mentioned final product at room temperature for six months, randomly select 10 particles from each batch, wash them, and test the viable bacteria survival rate in each batch of samples according to the above method. Six-month shelf life viable bacteria survival rate = six-month shelf life viable bacteria count / six-month shelf life viable bacteria count × 100%.

[0061] Table 4

[0062] 3. Texture. The results are shown in Table 5 and Table 6: The hardness of the embedded particles was tested using an SMS texture analyzer, with a descending speed of 2 mm / s before the test, a test speed of 1.5 mm / s, an ascending speed of 2 mm / s after the test, a trigger force of 1 g, and a descending height of 3 mm. Ten particles were tested in each example and the results were averaged.

[0063] The elasticity of the embedded particles was tested using an SMS texture analyzer; the descending speed before the test was 2 mm / s, the test speed was 1.5 mm / s, the ascending speed after the test was 2 mm / s, the trigger force was 1 g, the descending height was 1 mm, and the rebound degree was tested. Ten particles were tested in each example and the results were averaged.

[0064] Table 5

[0065] Table 6

[0066] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An embedded particle, characterized in that From the inside to the outside, it includes: a bacterial liquid core, a first colloidal layer, a gas layer and a second colloidal layer solidified by calcium ions; the colloidal substances in the first colloidal layer include agar, xanthan gum and gellan gum in a mass ratio of (0.5-2): (0.05-1): (1-5); the colloidal substances in the second colloidal layer include gelatin, sodium alginate and konjac gum in a mass ratio of (1-5): (0.05-0.5): (0.5-3); the gas in the gas layer includes nitrogen and carbon dioxide; The diameter of the bacterial liquid core is 2.0-2.5 mm, and the thicknesses of the first colloid layer, the gas layer and the second colloid layer solidified by calcium ions are 0.4-0.7 mm, 0.3-0.5 mm and 0.35-0.65 mm respectively.

2. The embedded particles according to claim 1, characterized in that The bacterial liquid core comprises bacterial powder, MCT and dietary fiber; the mass ratio of the bacterial powder, MCT and dietary fiber is (10-20): (75-85): (3-10).

3. The embedded particles according to claim 2, characterized in that The dietary fiber includes one or more of polydextrose, inulin, citrus fiber, resistant dextrin, galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide.

4. The embedded particles according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas in the gas layer contains 50-90% nitrogen.

5. The embedded particle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The average diameter of the embedded particles is 4.5-5.5 mm.

6. A method for preparing the embedded particles according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Completely dissolving the colloidal substances in the first colloidal layer and the second colloidal layer in water respectively to obtain a first layer of colloidal solution and a second layer of colloidal solution; Fully mixing the components in the bacterial liquid core to obtain a bacterial liquid; Connect the gas tank to the gas outlet in the dripper to supply gas to the gas layer; Through a four-layer dropping pill method, the first layer of glue is wrapped around the bacterial liquid, the gas layer is located outside the first colloid layer formed by the first layer of glue, and the second layer of glue is located outside the gas layer, so as to obtain a dropping pill to be solidified; The pellets to be solidified are solidified in a calcium ion solution to obtain solidified embedded particles.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Per 100 parts by weight of the first layer of glue solution, 0.5-2 parts of agar, 0.05-1 parts of xanthan gum, 1-5 parts of gellan gum, and the balance is water; Every 100 parts by weight of the second layer of glue comprises 1-5 parts of gelatin, 0.05-0.5 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5-3 parts of konjac gum, and the balance is water; And / or, per 100 parts by weight of the calcium ion solution, the calcium salt comprises 1.2-2 parts, 1.2-1.7 parts of glycerol, and the remainder is water.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method also includes the steps of washing and drying the solidified embedded particles.

9. Use of the embedded particles according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the embedded particles prepared by the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 in preparing food.

10. A yogurt, characterized in that: The invention comprises the embedded particles according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the embedded particles prepared by the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

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