Carotid plaque analysis and judgment system and method based on portable diasonograph fused with AI

Abstract

The invention discloses a carotid plaque analysis and judgment system based on a portable diasonograph fused with AI, which comprises the diasonograph fused with AI, and a control panel is arranged in the diasonograph fused with AI. A carotid artery ultrasonic detection module, an epidemiological investigation module, a data acquisition module, a risk assessment module, an AI analysis module and an ultrasonic image processing module are arranged on the control panel; the ultrasonic scanning mechanism comprises a supporting table, a steering telescopic rod, a horizontal telescopic sleeve, an L-shaped lifting assembly, a horizontal transverse moving assembly and an ultrasonic scanning assembly, and the method comprises the following steps that scanning is conducted through the scanning assembly, and the ultrasonic image processing module processes scanning data obtained by the carotid artery ultrasonic detection module; and the recognition unit is used for automatically recognizing the carotid artery contour by applying a preset recognition algorithm. The portable diasonograph is combined with the artificial intelligence technology, and powerful support is provided for clinical intervention and prognosis evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation, and in particular to a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system and method based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI. Background Art

[0002] Panvascular refers to the sum of the human vascular system, a complex network constructed by arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels, etc. Panvascular disease is a group of systemic vascular diseases with atherosclerosis as the common pathological feature, covering lesions in multiple vascular regions, and mainly endangering important organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, limbs and aorta. Due to the increasingly severe situation of vascular disease prevention and control, but the current diagnosis and treatment methods are mostly concentrated on a single site or a single disease, it is difficult to fully respond to the complex and changeable conditions of patients. Therefore, the new medical concept of "panvascular disease management" came into being, aiming to provide patients with "one-stop" comprehensive medical services through multidisciplinary collaboration, full-cycle management, and deep integration of medical research. Panvascular disease emphasizes the integrity and interrelationship of the vascular system. Therefore, the formation of carotid artery plaques is often used as a sign of the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in systemic blood vessels in clinical practice, and the stroke caused by it has now become one of the leading causes of death in the Chinese population.

[0003] The accuracy and convenience of carotid plaque examination technology are of great significance for preventing cerebrovascular accidents.

[0004] The following is a detailed description of the existing technology for carotid artery plaque detection:

[0005] 1. Conventional two-dimensional ultrasound examination: Ultrasound examination is the preferred method for examining carotid artery plaques. It uses the reflection principle of ultrasonic waves to clearly display the wall structure of the carotid artery and the size, shape and location of the plaques.

[0006] 2. CT angiography (CTA): After intravenous injection of contrast agent, CT scanning technology is used to obtain vascular images of the carotid artery, which can clearly show the vascular morphology, plaque condition and degree of lumen stenosis of the carotid artery, providing doctors with more detailed diagnostic information.

[0007] 3. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA): Magnetic resonance angiography is a non-invasive, radiation-free vascular imaging technology that uses the principle of magnetic resonance to collect and analyze blood flow signals of the carotid artery to generate high-resolution vascular images.

[0008] 4. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA): Digital subtraction angiography is an invasive examination method that uses X-rays to perform vascular imaging after injecting contrast agents into the blood vessels. It can clearly display and evaluate the morphology, size, location and degree of vascular stenosis of carotid artery plaques, while displaying collateral circulation and intracranial vascular blood supply. It is the gold standard for diagnosing vascular diseases.

[0009] Conventional two-dimensional ultrasound examination has the advantages of being non-invasive, painless, radiation-free, relatively inexpensive, and easy to operate. It is widely used for screening and diagnosis of carotid plaques and helps to detect carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions at an early stage. However, the results of ultrasound examinations depend largely on the experience and level of the operator. If the operator is inexperienced or unskilled, especially when there are multiple plaques, complex plaques, or plaques cause varying degrees of stenosis of the lumen, the operator's lack of experience and level may lead to inaccurate examination results, thereby affecting the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. On the other hand, in areas where medical resources are relatively scarce, patients do not have sufficient medical conditions for regular follow-up visits, which can easily lead to loss of patients.

[0010] During the CTA examination, contrast agents need to be injected, so the patient will receive a certain amount of radiation. Although the radiation dose of modern CT equipment has been greatly reduced, the cumulative effect of radiation is still a concern for some patients who need to undergo frequent CTA examinations (such as patients who need to follow up for a long time to observe the changes in carotid artery plaques). At the same time, the use of contrast agents may also bring some risks, such as allergic reactions and renal impairment. For patients with a history of allergy to contrast agents, renal insufficiency, pregnant women and children, special caution is required when performing CTA examinations, and the applicability of this examination method is very limited. In addition, compared with ultrasound examinations, CTA examinations are more expensive. This is mainly because CTA requires the use of high-end CT equipment and contrast agents, and also requires professional technicians to operate and interpret. Therefore, in some areas or medical institutions where medical resources are relatively scarce, the popularity of CTA may be limited. The quality of CTA image reconstruction and the interpretation of images are also subjective. Different doctors may have differences in interpreting the same CTA image, which affects the accuracy and consistency of diagnosis.

[0011] The MRA examination process is relatively long and may take tens of minutes or even longer. This may cause certain inconveniences for patients or medical institutions that need a quick diagnosis. In addition, magnetic resonance equipment is expensive, and the operating and maintenance costs are relatively high. This leads to the fact that the examination costs of magnetic resonance angiography are usually high, which may increase the financial burden on patients. There are obvious limitations on applicability for patients with metal implants, claustrophobia, and renal insufficiency. During the magnetic resonance examination, motion artifacts, blood flow artifacts, and magnetic field inhomogeneities may cause image distortion and deformation, and are also affected by differences in the interpretation levels of different physicians, thereby limiting the accurate assessment of carotid artery plaques and stenosis rates.

[0012] DSA is an invasive examination that requires puncturing an artery and injecting contrast agents, which may increase the patient's pain and risk of complications. For patients who cannot tolerate invasive examinations, DSA may not be the best choice. This examination also carries the risk of radiation and contrast agents, and requires the use of high-end DSA equipment and contrast agents. It also requires professional technicians to operate and interpret it, so the examination cost is relatively high, which increases the financial burden on patients and limits the popularity of DSA in some areas where medical resources are relatively scarce.

[0013] Artificial intelligence can automatically segment plaques through algorithms, analyze and learn rules using existing data, extract a large number of high-dimensional features, and build diagnostic models to improve the speed and accuracy of plaque assessment. In carotid artery plaque screening, artificial intelligence can automatically identify and annotate the location and morphology of blood vessels and plaques, greatly reducing the operator's learning time and difficulty of operation, and can assist doctors in identifying, measuring and risk analysis of plaques, thereby providing more detailed inspection reports. Summary of the invention

[0014] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, one purpose of the present invention is to propose a system and method for analyzing and judging carotid artery plaques based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, which solves the problems of inconvenient and inaccurate diagnosis, high cost, and the need for timely expert judgment.

[0015] According to the present invention, a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI comprises:

[0016] An ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, wherein a control panel is provided inside the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, a touch panel is provided on one side wall of the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, a storage module is provided on the control panel, and a carotid artery ultrasonic detection module, an epidemiological survey module, a data acquisition module, a risk assessment module, an AI analysis module and an ultrasonic image processing module are provided on the control panel;

[0017] The carotid artery ultrasound detection module is used to start the ultrasound scanning mechanism to scan the carotid artery position and obtain scanning data;

[0018] The epidemiological investigation module is used to retrieve the patient's historical epidemiological information;

[0019] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the patient's physical examination data;

[0020] The risk assessment module is a risk assessment model, which obtains the patient data obtained by the epidemiological survey module and the data acquisition module, and quantitatively evaluates the severity of the patient's cardiovascular disease risk factors through the risk assessment model to generate a comprehensive assessment result;

[0021] The ultrasonic image processing module processes the scan data acquired by the carotid ultrasonic detection module, and includes the following modules: an image preprocessing unit, which preprocesses the carotid artery images of the acquired scan data according to the position information provided by the sensor module, and generates a three-dimensional reconstructed image corresponding to each image; a recognition unit, which applies a preset recognition algorithm to automatically recognize the contour of the carotid artery; the recognition unit includes the following modules:

[0022] A first judgment unit, based on the recognition result, judges whether there is a plaque in the contour of the carotid artery and outputs a preliminary judgment result;

[0023] Second judgment unit: on the basis of confirming the existence of plaque, further identify the location and shape of the plaque, and evaluate the danger level of the plaque based on these characteristics. At the same time, different color markings are used to intuitively display the danger level of the plaque;

[0024] The third judgment unit uses color Doppler and spectral Doppler to further evaluate the stenosis caused by plaques. Combined with the automatic delineation and pulse spectrum Doppler functions of the AI ​​analysis module, the peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and resistance index of the blood flow at the stenosis are obtained, and the ratio with the peak blood flow velocity at the distal end is combined to clearly classify the degree of stenosis.

[0025] A display unit, integrating the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit, and outputting a complete identification and evaluation report to the user;

[0026] The ultrasonic scanning mechanism comprises a support platform, a steering telescopic rod, a horizontal telescopic sleeve, an L-shaped lifting assembly, a horizontal lateral movement assembly and an ultrasonic scanning assembly, wherein four supporting legs are arranged at the four corners at the bottom of the support platform and universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the supporting legs, an ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrating AI is embedded on the support platform, a vertically arranged steering telescopic rod is fixedly installed at a corner position on the upper surface of the support platform, the steering telescopic rod is provided with a first locking bolt at the telescopic position, one end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the top of the steering telescopic rod, a lifting structure is arranged in the vertical rod of the L-shaped lifting assembly, one end of the cross rod of the L-shaped lifting assembly is movably inserted from the other end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve and a second locking bolt is arranged on the top wall of the other end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve, a mounting block is arranged on the lifting structure, the horizontal lateral movement assembly comprises a horizontal cross rod and a horizontal moving structure arranged in the horizontal cross rod, One end of the horizontal cross bar is fixed on the mounting block, and the ultrasonic scanning assembly comprises a vertical mounting rod, two transverse mounting rods, a downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate and two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates, one end of the two transverse mounting rods are symmetrically fixed on the two side walls of the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod, and the two transverse mounting rods are provided with transverse movement grooves at the bottom, a dual-axis motor is provided inside the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod, and a screw rod is connected to the two axes of the dual-axis motor respectively, and the two screw rods respectively penetrate the side walls at both ends of the transverse movement groove and are rotatably installed at the side walls at both ends with bearings, and the top ends of the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates are symmetrically sleeved on the two screw rods respectively, and the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate is fixed on the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod and arranged downward, and the lifting structure, horizontal movement structure, downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate and two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates are electrically connected to the control board through data lines.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control panel is provided with a wireless module, the wireless module is wirelessly connected to the Internet, a cloud database center is established in the hospital, and the wireless module is connected to the cloud database network via the Internet;

[0028] The storage module is provided with a backup database. The data generated by each ultrasonic scanning and analysis of the carotid plaque on the patient by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 2 integrated with AI is stored in the backup database. After the doctor obtains the scanning and analysis results of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus integrated with AI, he or she may choose whether to upload the data to the cloud database according to the reference value of the data.

[0029] In other embodiments of the present invention, the epidemiological information includes gender, age, family history of premature cardiovascular disease, smoking habits, body mass index, hypertension status, blood lipid levels and diabetes status; this information is used as the basis for the risk assessment of pan-vascular disease-acute ischemic stroke.

[0030] In other embodiments of the present invention, the patient physical examination data includes height, weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage and blood pressure value. The patient physical examination data and epidemiological information together constitute a basic data set for comprehensively evaluating the individual's cardiovascular health status.

[0031] In other embodiments of the present invention, the carotid artery length is determined based on the height in the patient's physical examination data. This length is an estimate with an error of less than 1 cm. The patient's carotid artery length is divided into five segments. The ultrasonic scanning component performs four scans around the neck to form four sets of data, and each scan is performed at the intersection of adjacent segments.

[0032] In some other embodiments of the present invention, ultrasonic scanning probes are evenly spaced on the inner side walls of the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate and the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates.

[0033] A method for analyzing and judging carotid artery plaques based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI is used to judge the above-mentioned carotid artery plaque analysis and judgment system based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI. The specific judgment method is as follows:

[0034] S1: Adjust the height and direction of the horizontal telescopic sleeve through the steering telescopic rod, and lock the telescopic height and rotation direction of the steering telescopic rod with the first locking bolt. Pull the L-shaped lifting component to position the bottom of the L-shaped lifting component -cm above the human head, and then use the second locking bolt to lock the cross bar of the L-shaped lifting component. Put the ultrasonic scanning component on the outside of the neck by controlling the lifting structure, and the downward arc ultrasonic scanning plate is facing downward to the neck, and the two side-facing arc ultrasonic scanning plates are facing the sides of the neck to form a three-sided enclosure. Start the downward arc ultrasonic scanning plate and the two side-facing arc ultrasonic scanning plates for scanning through the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI. The scanning starts from the chin position and gradually scans to the shoulder position for multiple times;

[0035] S2: After the carotid artery ultrasound detection module starts the ultrasound scanning mechanism to scan the carotid artery position and obtain the scan data, the ultrasound image processing module processes the scan data obtained by the carotid artery ultrasound detection module, wherein the image preprocessing unit preprocesses the carotid artery image of the scan data obtained according to the position information provided by the sensor module to generate a three-dimensional reconstructed image corresponding to each image; the recognition unit automatically recognizes the contour of the carotid artery by applying a preset recognition algorithm;

[0036] The recognition unit includes the following modules:

[0037] A first judgment unit, based on the recognition result, judges whether there is a plaque in the contour of the carotid artery and outputs a preliminary judgment result;

[0038] Second judgment unit: on the basis of confirming the existence of plaque, further identify the location and shape of the plaque, and evaluate the danger level of the plaque based on these characteristics. At the same time, different color markings are used to intuitively display the danger level of the plaque;

[0039] The third judgment unit uses color Doppler and spectral Doppler to further evaluate the stenosis caused by plaques. Combined with the automatic delineation and pulse spectrum Doppler functions of the AI ​​analysis module, the peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and resistance index of the blood flow at the stenosis are obtained, and the ratio with the peak blood flow velocity at the distal end is combined to clearly classify the degree of stenosis.

[0040] A display unit, integrating the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit, and outputting a complete identification and evaluation report to the user;

[0041] S3: using the epidemiological survey module to retrieve the patient's historical epidemiological information, the data acquisition module to acquire the patient's physical examination data, and the risk assessment module to be a risk assessment model, the risk assessment module acquires the patient data obtained by the epidemiological survey module and the data acquisition module, and quantitatively assesses the severity of the patient's cardiovascular disease risk factors through the risk assessment model to generate a comprehensive assessment result;

[0042] S4: Integrate the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit to output a complete identification and evaluation report to the user, and compare it with the comprehensive evaluation results to determine the cause of the patient's carotid artery plaque formation.

[0043] In other embodiments of the present invention, a wireless module is provided on the control panel, and the wireless module is wirelessly connected to the Internet. A cloud database center is established in the hospital, and the wireless module is connected to the cloud database network via the Internet. The cloud database stores thousands of carotid artery plaque data combining epidemiological information of patients with physical examination data of patients. After the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI obtains the epidemiological information and physical examination data of patients, it will search the cloud database for a carotid artery plaque estimation map of the patient that is closest to the patient information, and output a complete identification and evaluation report to the user for comparison with the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit.

[0044] In other embodiments of the present invention, the second judgment unit grades the risk level of the plaque assessed by these features into three levels: no plaque, low risk and high risk. Different color markings are used to intuitively display the risk level of the plaque. For high-risk situations, the ultrasound diagnostic instrument integrated with AI will issue an alarm message.

[0045] In the present invention, with its small size, portability and easy operation, it has greatly promoted the popularization of carotid plaque screening. The device not only improves the coverage and efficiency of screening, but also enables screening activities to go deep into the grassroots (using grassroots Internet connections) and cover a wider range of people. Through large-scale screening, medical personnel can detect carotid atherosclerotic plaques earlier, provide patients with personalized drug treatment recommendations, effectively delay or prevent plaque progression, and thus reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

[0046] Furthermore, the integration of portable ultrasound diagnostic equipment and artificial intelligence technology has brought revolutionary changes to the assessment of carotid plaques. Using advanced algorithms, the equipment can automatically segment plaques, and by analyzing a large amount of existing data, learn and extract high-dimensional features to build an efficient and accurate diagnostic model. This technology not only significantly improves the speed and accuracy of plaque assessment, but also assists doctors in making more accurate judgments in multiple links such as image acquisition and reconstruction, automatic segmentation and recognition, disease identification and classification, prognosis assessment and risk stratification. Doctors can formulate more personalized treatment plans for patients based on these detailed examination reports, optimize the diagnosis and treatment path, and improve the treatment effect. In addition, the application of this fusion technology has also promoted the rapid progress of the integrated diagnosis, treatment and management system of pan-vascular diseases. Through the effective evaluation of the carotid vascular condition, not only the diagnosis and treatment efficiency is improved, the medical process is optimized, but also a more scientific basis is provided for disease prognosis judgment and risk stratification. This helps to achieve early detection, early intervention and early treatment of diseases, reduce the occurrence of complications, and improve the quality of life of patients.

[0047] The combination of portable ultrasound diagnostic equipment and artificial intelligence technology has shown great potential and value in the pan-vascular disease management system, especially in the prevention and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. It not only promotes the popularization and deepening of screening work, but also improves the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis, providing strong support for clinical intervention and prognosis assessment. With the continuous maturity and improvement of technology, this analysis and evaluation system for carotid artery plaques based on portable ultrasound diagnostic equipment and AI can play a more important role in the integrated diagnosis, treatment and management system of pan-vascular diseases in the future. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI proposed by the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2This is a structural schematic diagram of an ultrasonic diagnostic instrument and an ultrasonic scanning mechanism based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI for use in analyzing and judging carotid artery plaques proposed in the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: 1. support platform; 11. support leg; 2. steering telescopic rod; 3. steering telescopic rod; 31. first locking bolt; 4. horizontal telescopic sleeve; 41. second locking bolt; 5. L-shaped lifting assembly; 51. lifting structure; 52. mounting block; 6. horizontal transverse movement assembly; 61. vertical mounting rod; 7. transverse mounting rod; 8. downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate; 9. side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0053] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention proposes a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, comprising:

[0054] An ultrasonic diagnostic instrument 2 integrated with AI, wherein a control panel is provided inside the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument, a touch panel 21 is provided on one side wall of the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, a storage module is provided on the control panel, and a carotid artery ultrasonic detection module, an epidemiological survey module, a data acquisition module, a risk assessment module, an AI analysis module and an ultrasonic image processing module are provided on the control panel;

[0055] The carotid artery ultrasound detection module is used to start the ultrasound scanning mechanism to scan the carotid artery position and obtain scanning data;

[0056] The epidemiological survey module is used to retrieve the patient's historical epidemiological information; the epidemiological information includes gender, age, family history of premature cardiovascular disease, smoking habits, body mass index, hypertension status, blood lipid levels and diabetes status; this information is used as the basis for the risk assessment of pan-vascular disease-acute ischemic stroke.

[0057] The data acquisition module is used to obtain patient physical examination data; the patient physical examination data includes height, weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage and blood pressure value. The patient physical examination data and epidemiological information together constitute a basic data set for comprehensively evaluating the individual's cardiovascular health status.

[0058] The risk assessment module is a risk assessment model, which obtains the patient data obtained by the epidemiological survey module and the data acquisition module, and quantitatively evaluates the severity of the patient's cardiovascular disease risk factors through the risk assessment model to generate a comprehensive assessment result;

[0059] The risk assessment model inputs epidemiological information and patient physical examination data into the model. The risk assessment model searches the database for the closest carotid plaque image and assessment report (data uploaded by other patients) based on the data information.

[0060] The ultrasonic image processing module processes the scan data acquired by the carotid ultrasonic detection module, and includes the following modules: an image preprocessing unit, which preprocesses the carotid artery images of the acquired scan data according to the position information provided by the sensor module, and generates a three-dimensional reconstructed image corresponding to each image; a recognition unit, which applies a preset recognition algorithm to automatically recognize the contour of the carotid artery; the recognition unit includes the following modules:

[0061] A first judgment unit, based on the recognition result, judges whether there is a plaque in the contour of the carotid artery and outputs a preliminary judgment result;

[0062] Second judgment unit: on the basis of confirming the existence of plaque, further identify the location and shape of the plaque, and evaluate the danger level of the plaque based on these characteristics. At the same time, different color markings are used to intuitively display the danger level of the plaque;

[0063] The third judgment unit uses color Doppler and spectral Doppler to further evaluate the stenosis caused by plaques. Combined with the automatic delineation and pulse spectrum Doppler functions of the AI ​​analysis module, the peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and resistance index of the blood flow at the stenosis are obtained, and the ratio with the peak flow velocity of the distal blood flow is combined to clearly classify the degree of stenosis; based on the Doppler effect, when there is relative motion between the sound source and the receiver, the frequency of the sound wave will change. Color Doppler encodes the obtained Doppler information in color grayscale, identifies the direction and velocity of the blood flow by different colors and brightness, and superimposes it on the B-type ultrasound image.

[0064] A display unit, integrating the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit, and outputting a complete identification and evaluation report to the user;

[0065] This system integrates multiple links such as epidemiological surveys, physical examination data collection, risk assessment, and carotid artery ultrasound testing to achieve accurate stratified management of cardiovascular disease risks and detailed assessment of carotid artery plaques, providing a scientific basis for clinical decision-making and promoting the precision and efficiency of pan-vascular disease prevention and management.

[0066] The ultrasonic scanning mechanism comprises a support platform 1, a steering telescopic rod 3, a horizontal telescopic sleeve 4, an L-shaped lifting component 5, a horizontal lateral movement component 6 and an ultrasonic scanning component. The support platform 1 is provided with four support legs 11 at the four corners at the bottom and a universal wheel is provided at the bottom of the support legs. An ultrasonic diagnostic instrument 2 integrating AI is embedded on the support platform 1. A vertically arranged steering telescopic rod 3 is fixedly installed at a corner position on the upper surface of the support platform 1. The steering telescopic rod 3 is provided with a first locking bolt 31 at the telescopic position. One end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve 4 is fixedly sleeved on the top of the steering telescopic rod 4. A lifting structure 51 is provided in the vertical rod of the L-shaped lifting component 5. One end of the cross rod of the L-shaped lifting component 5 is movably inserted from the other end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve 4 and a second locking bolt 41 is provided on the top wall of the other end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve 4. A mounting block 52 is installed on the lifting structure 51. The horizontal lateral movement component comprises a horizontal cross rod 6 and a horizontal moving block 31 provided in the horizontal cross rod. Structure, one end of the horizontal cross bar 6 is fixed on the mounting block 52, the ultrasonic scanning assembly includes a vertical mounting rod 61, two horizontal mounting rods 7, a downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate 8 and two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates 9, one end of the two horizontal mounting rods 7 are symmetrically fixed on the two side walls of the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod, the two horizontal mounting rods are provided with a transverse movement groove at the bottom, a dual-axis motor is provided inside the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod 61, and a screw rod is connected to the two axes of the dual-axis motor respectively, the two screw rods respectively penetrate the side walls at both ends of the transverse movement groove and are rotatably installed at the side walls at both ends with bearings, the top ends of the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates 9 are symmetrically sleeved on the two screw rods, the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate 8 is fixed on the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod 61 and arranged downward, the lifting structure 51, the horizontal moving structure, the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate 8 and the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates 9 are all electrically connected to the control board through data lines.

[0067] The lifting structure 51 and the horizontal moving structure are both screw rod slide rail structures, that is, a motor drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the slider sleeve thereon moves, and the two sides of the slider are limited by limit slide rods.

[0068] The downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate 8 and the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates 9 form a shape of three sides covering the neck to scan the neck.

[0069] The control panel is provided with a wireless module, which is wirelessly connected to the Internet, and a cloud database center is established in the hospital, and the wireless module is connected to the cloud database network through the Internet;

[0070] A backup database is provided in the storage module. The data generated by each ultrasonic scanning and analysis of the carotid plaque on the patient by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 2 integrated with AI is stored in the backup database. After the doctor scans and analyzes the results of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 2 integrated with AI, he or she chooses whether to upload the data to the cloud database based on the reference value of the data.

[0071] The cloud database center stores thousands of carotid artery plaque data, which are a combination of epidemiological information and patient physical examination data.

[0072] The epidemiological information includes gender, age, family history of premature cardiovascular disease, smoking habits, body mass index (BMI), hypertension status, blood lipid levels and diabetes status; this information serves as the basis for the risk assessment of pan-vascular disease-acute ischemic stroke.

[0073] The patient's physical examination data includes height, weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage and blood pressure value. The patient's physical examination data and epidemiological information together constitute a basic data set for comprehensively evaluating an individual's cardiovascular health status.

[0074] The carotid artery length is determined based on the height in the patient's physical examination data. This length is an estimate with an error of less than 1 cm. The patient's carotid artery length is divided into five segments. The ultrasonic scanning component performs four scans around the neck to form four sets of data, with each scan being at the intersection of adjacent segments. Segmentation can form different maps and data for each segment, allowing for a more comprehensive evaluation of the entire carotid plaque.

[0075] Ultrasonic scanning probes are evenly spaced on the inner walls of the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate 8 and the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates 9, forming a circle of dimensional scanning, and then combined with segment scanning to form a three-dimensional carotid artery plaque atlas.

[0076] A method for analyzing and judging carotid artery plaques based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI is used to judge the above-mentioned carotid artery plaque analysis and judgment system based on a portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI. The specific judgment method is as follows:

[0077] S1: Adjust the height and direction of the horizontal telescopic sleeve 4 by the steering telescopic rod 3, and lock the telescopic height and rotation direction of the steering telescopic rod 3 with the first locking bolt 31, pull the L-shaped lifting assembly 5 to position the bottom of the L-shaped lifting assembly 5 5-10cm above the head, and then lock the cross bar of the L-shaped lifting assembly 5 with the second locking bolt 41, and put the ultrasonic scanning assembly on the outside of the neck by controlling the lifting structure 51, and the downward arc ultrasonic scanning plate 8 is downward toward the neck, and the two side arc ultrasonic scanning plates 9 are toward the sides of the neck, forming a three-sided enclosure, and the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument 2 fused with AI starts the downward arc ultrasonic scanning plate 8 and the two side arc ultrasonic scanning plates 9 for scanning, and the scanning is first performed from the chin position to the shoulder position for multiple scans; the steering telescopic rod 3 can be lifted up and down, and the upper section of the rotating telescopic rod can be lifted up and down. When the L-shaped lifting assembly 5 is pulled out, the vertical rod of the L-shaped lifting assembly 5 can be directed above the head.

[0078] S2: After the carotid artery ultrasound detection module starts the ultrasound scanning mechanism to scan the carotid artery position and obtain the scan data, the ultrasound image processing module processes the scan data obtained by the carotid artery ultrasound detection module, wherein the image preprocessing unit preprocesses the carotid artery image of the scan data obtained according to the position information provided by the sensor module to generate a three-dimensional reconstructed image corresponding to each image; the recognition unit automatically recognizes the contour of the carotid artery by applying a preset recognition algorithm;

[0079] The recognition unit includes the following modules:

[0080] A first judgment unit, based on the recognition result, judges whether there is a plaque in the contour of the carotid artery and outputs a preliminary judgment result;

[0081] Second judgment unit: on the basis of confirming the existence of plaque, further identify the location and shape of the plaque, and evaluate the danger level of the plaque based on these characteristics. At the same time, different color markings are used to intuitively display the danger level of the plaque;

[0082] The third judgment unit uses color Doppler and spectral Doppler to further evaluate the stenosis caused by plaques. Combined with the automatic delineation and pulse spectrum Doppler functions of the AI ​​analysis module, the peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and resistance index of the blood flow at the stenosis are obtained, and the ratio with the peak blood flow velocity at the distal end is combined to clearly classify the degree of stenosis.

[0083] A display unit, integrating the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit, and outputting a complete identification and evaluation report to the user;

[0084] S3: using the epidemiological survey module to retrieve the patient's historical epidemiological information, the data acquisition module to acquire the patient's physical examination data, and the risk assessment module to be a risk assessment model, the risk assessment module acquires the patient data obtained by the epidemiological survey module and the data acquisition module, and quantitatively assesses the severity of the patient's cardiovascular disease risk factors through the risk assessment model to generate a comprehensive assessment result;

[0085] S4: Integrate the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit to output a complete identification and evaluation report to the user, and compare it with the comprehensive evaluation results to determine the cause of the patient's carotid artery plaque formation.

[0086] A wireless module is provided on the control panel, and the wireless module is wirelessly connected to the Internet. A cloud database center is established in the hospital. The wireless module is connected to the cloud database network through the Internet. The cloud database stores thousands of carotid artery plaque data combining epidemiological information of patients with physical examination data of patients. After the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI obtains the epidemiological information and physical examination data of patients, it will search the cloud database for a carotid artery plaque estimation map of the patient that is closest to the patient information, and output a complete identification and evaluation report to the user for comparison with the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit.

[0087] The second judgment unit grades the risk level of the plaques assessed by these features into three levels: no plaque, low risk and high risk. Different color markings are used to intuitively display the risk level of the plaques. For high-risk situations, the ultrasound diagnostic device integrated with AI will issue an alarm message.

[0088] The integration of the portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument and artificial intelligence (AI) technology introduced in the present invention has brought innovative changes to the analysis and judgment of carotid plaques, and significantly improved the popularity and efficiency of screening work. The application of this system enables the screening of carotid plaques to go deep into the grassroots and cover a wider range of people, so that carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions can be discovered at an early stage. At the same time, through the effective evaluation of the carotid vascular condition, not only the diagnosis and treatment efficiency is significantly improved, the medical treatment process is optimized, but also a more scientific basis is provided for the prognosis and risk stratification of the disease. Doctors can formulate more personalized treatment plans for patients based on the diagnostic results provided by the system, so that the screening, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis management of carotid plaques form a complete closed loop, realizing the seamless connection of information and the optimal allocation of resources, and promoting the rapid progress of the pan-vascular integrated diagnosis and treatment and management system.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, characterized by: include: An ultrasonic diagnostic instrument (2) integrated with AI, wherein a control panel is provided inside the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument, a touch panel (21) is provided on one side wall of the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, a storage module is provided on the control panel, and a carotid artery ultrasonic detection module, an epidemiological survey module, a data acquisition module, a risk assessment module, an AI analysis module and an ultrasonic image processing module are provided on the control panel; The carotid artery ultrasound detection module is used to start the ultrasound scanning mechanism to scan the carotid artery position and obtain scanning data; The epidemiological investigation module is used to retrieve the patient's historical epidemiological information; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the patient's physical examination data; The risk assessment module is a risk assessment model, which obtains the patient data obtained by the epidemiological survey module and the data acquisition module, and quantitatively evaluates the severity of the patient's cardiovascular disease risk factors through the risk assessment model to generate a comprehensive assessment result; The ultrasonic image processing module processes the scan data acquired by the carotid ultrasonic detection module, and includes the following modules: an image preprocessing unit, which preprocesses the carotid artery images of the acquired scan data according to the position information provided by the sensor module, and generates a three-dimensional reconstructed image corresponding to each image; a recognition unit, which applies a preset recognition algorithm to automatically recognize the contour of the carotid artery; the recognition unit includes the following modules: A first judgment unit, based on the recognition result, judges whether there is a plaque in the contour of the carotid artery and outputs a preliminary judgment result; Second judgment unit: on the basis of confirming the existence of plaque, further identify the location and shape of the plaque, and evaluate the danger level of the plaque based on these characteristics. At the same time, different color markings are used to intuitively display the danger level of the plaque; The third judgment unit uses color Doppler and spectral Doppler to further evaluate the stenosis caused by plaques. Combined with the automatic delineation and pulse spectrum Doppler functions of the AI ​​analysis module, the peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and resistance index of the blood flow at the stenosis are obtained, and the ratio with the peak blood flow velocity at the distal end is combined to clearly classify the degree of stenosis. A display unit, integrating the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit, and outputting a complete identification and evaluation report to the user; The ultrasonic scanning mechanism comprises a support platform (1), a steering telescopic rod (3), a horizontal telescopic sleeve (4), an L-shaped lifting assembly (5), a horizontal lateral movement assembly (6) and an ultrasonic scanning assembly. The support platform (1) is provided with four support legs (11) at four corners at the bottom and a universal wheel is provided at the bottom of the support legs. An ultrasonic diagnostic instrument (2) integrated with AI is embedded on the support platform (1). A steering telescopic rod (3) arranged vertically is fixedly mounted at a corner position on the upper surface of the support platform (1). The steering telescopic rod (3) is movable in a telescopic position. A first locking bolt (31) is arranged, one end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve (4) is fixedly sleeved on the top of the steering telescopic rod (4), a lifting structure (51) is arranged in the vertical rod of the L-shaped lifting assembly (5), one end of the cross bar of the L-shaped lifting assembly (5) is movably inserted from the other end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve (4) and a second locking bolt (41) is arranged on the top wall of the other end of the horizontal telescopic sleeve (4), a mounting block (52) is installed on the lifting structure (51), and the horizontal lateral movement assembly includes a horizontal cross bar (6) and a horizontal A horizontal moving structure is arranged inside the cross bar, one end of the horizontal cross bar (6) is fixed on the mounting block (52), the ultrasonic scanning assembly comprises a vertical mounting rod (61), two horizontal mounting rods (7), a downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate (8) and two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates (9), one end of the two horizontal mounting rods (7) is symmetrically fixed on the two side walls of the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod, the bottom of the two horizontal mounting rods is provided with a transverse movement groove, the bottom of the vertical mounting rod (61) is provided with a double-axis motor and the double-axis motor is provided with a plurality of A screw rod is connected to each of the two shafts. The two screw rods respectively penetrate the side walls at both ends of the transverse displacement groove and are rotatably mounted at the side walls at both ends using bearings. The top ends of the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates (9) are symmetrically sleeved on the two screw rods. The downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate (8) is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical mounting rod (61) and is arranged downward. The lifting structure (51), the horizontal moving structure, the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate (8) and the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates (9) are all electrically connected to the control board via data lines.

2. According to claim 1, a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI is characterized by: The control panel is provided with a wireless module, which is wirelessly connected to the Internet, and a cloud database center is established in the hospital, and the wireless module is connected to the cloud database network through the Internet; The storage module is provided with a backup database. The data generated by each ultrasonic scanning and analysis of the carotid artery plaque on the patient by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (2) integrated with AI is stored in the backup database. After the doctor scans and analyzes the results of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (2) integrated with AI, he or she chooses whether to upload the data to the cloud database based on the reference value of the data.

3. According to claim 1, a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI is characterized by: The epidemiological information includes gender, age, family history of premature cardiovascular disease, smoking habits, body mass index, hypertension status, blood lipid levels and diabetes status; this information serves as the basis for the risk assessment of pan-vascular disease-acute ischemic stroke.

4. According to claim 1, a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI is characterized by: The patient's physical examination data includes height, weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage and blood pressure value. The patient's physical examination data and epidemiological information together constitute a basic data set for comprehensively evaluating an individual's cardiovascular health status.

5. According to claim 4, a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI is characterized by: The carotid artery length is determined based on the height in the patient's physical examination data. This length is an estimate with an error of less than 1 cm. The patient's carotid artery length is divided into five equal segments. The ultrasonic scanning component performs four scans around the neck to form four sets of data, with each scan being at the intersection of adjacent segments.

6. According to claim 1, a carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI is characterized by: Ultrasonic scanning probes are arranged at equal intervals on the inner side walls of the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate (8) and the two side-facing arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates (9).

7. A method for analyzing and judging carotid artery plaque based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI, characterized in that: The carotid artery plaque analysis and evaluation system based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument fused with AI as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for evaluation, and the specific evaluation method is as follows: S1: The height and direction of the horizontal telescopic sleeve (4) are adjusted by the steering telescopic rod (3), and the telescopic height and rotation direction of the steering telescopic rod (3) are locked with the first locking bolt (31). The L-shaped lifting assembly (5) is pulled to a position where the bottom end of the L-shaped lifting assembly (5) is 5-10 cm above the human head, and the cross bar of the L-shaped lifting assembly (5) is locked with the second locking bolt (41). The ultrasonic scanning assembly is placed on the outside of the neck by controlling the lifting structure (51), and the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate (8) is downwardly directed toward the neck, and the two side-directed arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates (9) are directed toward the sides of the neck to form a three-sided enclosure. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (2) integrated with AI starts the downward arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plate (8) and the two side-directed arc-shaped ultrasonic scanning plates (9) to perform scanning, and the scanning is first performed from the chin position to the shoulder position for multiple scans; S2: After the carotid artery ultrasound detection module starts the ultrasound scanning mechanism to scan the carotid artery position and obtain the scan data, the ultrasound image processing module processes the scan data obtained by the carotid artery ultrasound detection module, wherein the image preprocessing unit preprocesses the carotid artery image of the scan data obtained according to the position information provided by the sensor module to generate a three-dimensional reconstructed image corresponding to each image; the recognition unit automatically recognizes the contour of the carotid artery by applying a preset recognition algorithm; The recognition unit includes the following modules: A first judgment unit, based on the recognition result, judges whether there is a plaque in the contour of the carotid artery and outputs a preliminary judgment result; Second judgment unit: on the basis of confirming the existence of plaque, further identify the location and shape of the plaque, and evaluate the danger level of the plaque based on these characteristics. At the same time, different color markings are used to intuitively display the danger level of the plaque; The third judgment unit uses color Doppler and spectral Doppler to further evaluate the stenosis caused by plaques. Combined with the automatic delineation and pulse spectrum Doppler functions of the AI ​​analysis module, the peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity and resistance index of the blood flow at the stenosis are obtained, and the ratio with the peak blood flow velocity at the distal end is combined to clearly classify the degree of stenosis. A display unit, integrating the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit, and outputting a complete identification and evaluation report to the user; S3: using the epidemiological survey module to retrieve the patient's historical epidemiological information, the data acquisition module to acquire the patient's physical examination data, and the risk assessment module to be a risk assessment model, the risk assessment module acquires the patient data obtained by the epidemiological survey module and the data acquisition module, and quantitatively assesses the severity of the patient's cardiovascular disease risk factors through the risk assessment model to generate a comprehensive assessment result; S4: Integrate the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit to output a complete identification and evaluation report to the user, and compare it with the comprehensive evaluation results to determine the cause of the patient's carotid artery plaque formation.

8. The method for analyzing and judging carotid artery plaques based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument and AI according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A wireless module is provided on the control panel, and the wireless module is wirelessly connected to the Internet. A cloud database center is established in the hospital. The wireless module is connected to the cloud database network through the Internet. The cloud database stores thousands of carotid artery plaque data combining epidemiological information of patients with physical examination data of patients. After the ultrasonic diagnostic instrument integrated with AI obtains the epidemiological information and physical examination data of patients, it will search the cloud database for a carotid artery plaque estimation map of the patient that is closest to the patient information, and output a complete identification and evaluation report to the user for comparison with the results of the first judgment unit, the second judgment unit and the third judgment unit.

9. The method for analyzing and judging carotid artery plaque based on portable ultrasonic diagnostic instrument and AI according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The second judgment unit grades the risk level of the plaques assessed by these features into three levels: no plaque, low risk and high risk. Different color markings are used to intuitively display the risk level of the plaques. For high-risk situations, the ultrasound diagnostic device integrated with AI will issue an alarm message.

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