Low-temperature type iron ore flotation desilication combined collector and application thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication and its application, belonging to the field of iron ore flotation technology. The combined collector of this invention is an anionic combined collector, composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into 5% (w / w) aqueous solutions. The ratio of the aqueous solutions of components 1, 2, and 3 is adjusted and mixed evenly to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. This combined collector is used for reverse flotation desilication of difficult-to-process iron ores under low-temperature conditions (10℃-15℃). This combined collector overcomes the shortcomings of traditional anionic collectors, which have poor collection ability under low-temperature conditions. It reduces the pulp temperature required for reverse flotation desilication of iron ore (no heating required), effectively reducing the energy consumption of the concentrator. Furthermore, the components of the combined collector are widely available, commercially accessible, and low in cost, which is conducive to industrial-scale promotion and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of iron ore flotation technology, specifically relating to the application of a combined collector for desilication of iron ore flotation under low temperature conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy, the availability of high-quality iron ore in the country has gradually decreased due to over-exploitation. Therefore, the efficient development and utilization of difficult-to-process low-grade iron ore resources is crucial to ensuring the healthy and green development of my country's steel industry, and it is also an important issue currently facing the mining sector.

[0003] my country has a wide distribution and abundant reserves of low-grade, difficult-to-process iron ore resources, and flotation is an essential method for processing these ores. Iron ore is typically processed using reverse flotation to remove silica-bearing gangue minerals such as quartz, chlorite, and tremolite. Reverse flotation processes can be divided into cationic collector reverse flotation and anionic collector reverse flotation. Cationic reverse flotation is characterized by simple reagent formulations and low cost, but it suffers from high froth viscosity and poor flotation process stability. Anionic reverse flotation offers high concentrate grades and a stable flotation process, but the collector's effectiveness is significantly affected by temperature. In northern concentrators, winter water temperatures are low, typically around 10°C, often requiring the ore pulp to be heated to above 45°C to ensure good flotation performance, resulting in high energy consumption. Therefore, developing desilication collectors for iron ore reverse flotation under low-temperature conditions is crucial for increasing production and reducing energy consumption in concentrators.

[0004] Currently, with the widespread application of reagent molecular structure design and quantum chemical calculations in mineral processing, and the continuous screening and development of iron ore flotation collectors, the application of efficient desilication collectors for low-grade, difficult-to-process iron ores has become increasingly mature. However, the flotation effect of single collectors under low-temperature conditions remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, developing a combined collector suitable for desilication of iron ore under low-temperature conditions, under existing technological conditions, is of great significance for reducing energy consumption in mineral processing plants and improving mineral processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem of poor flotation performance of single collectors under low-temperature conditions in the background technology, the present invention aims to provide a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication and its application. By selecting three anionic collectors and combining them in appropriate proportions, efficient reverse flotation desilication of iron ore is achieved under low-temperature conditions (10℃-15°C). This combined collector is easy to prepare and add, has stable effects, excellent beneficiation indicators, and can effectively reduce the energy consumption of beneficiation plants, which is in line with the development trend of green mines under the "dual carbon" target.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is an anionic combined collector composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%. The ratio of the aqueous solutions of components 1, 2, and 3 is adjusted and mixed evenly to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication.

[0008] Furthermore, when preparing the combined collector, the mass ratio of components 1, 2, and 3 is 1:(0.67-1):(0.67-1).

[0009] This invention provides an application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is used for reverse flotation desilication of difficult-to-process iron ore under low-temperature conditions of 10°C-15°C.

[0010] Furthermore, the application of the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication includes the following steps:

[0011] (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade, difficult-to-process iron ore is ground to obtain slurry;

[0012] (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to adjust the slurry concentration.

[0013] (3) Slurry preparation: Continue to adjust the pH value of the slurry in step (2), and then add iron ore inhibitor, gangue activator and combined collector;

[0014] (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after step (3) is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rough tailings. The iron ore rough concentrate is cleaned by adding a combined collector, and the rough tailings are scavenged. After the iron ore rough concentrate is cleaned, iron concentrate products and middlings are obtained. After the rough tailings are scavenged, middlings are obtained.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (1), the ore is ground to a fineness of -400 mesh, accounting for 70%-85% of the slurry.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (2), the slurry concentration is adjusted to 30 wt.%-40 wt.%.

[0017] Furthermore, step (3) adjusts the pH of the slurry to 11.0-11.5.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (3), the iron ore inhibitor is starch, and the amount of inhibitor is 350g / t-500g / t; the gangue activator is lime, and the amount of activator is 500g / t-750g / t; the amount of combined collector is 400g / t-750g / t.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (4), a combined collector is added to the iron ore rough and concentrate for a first-stage cleaning process. The combined collector dosage is 150g / t-250g / t. The middlings after the first-stage cleaning are returned to the next stage of anionic reverse flotation.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (4), the roughing tailings are subjected to three-stage scavenging. The middlings produced by scavenging I are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation, and the middlings produced by scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next stage of scavenging in sequence.

[0021] The combined collector is applied to the reverse flotation desilication of low-grade and difficult-to-process iron ore. The iron ore concentrate obtained by grinding-magnetic separation-anion reverse flotation has a TFe grade of 64.32%-66.39% and an iron recovery rate of 75.12%-80.57%.

[0022] This invention provides a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication and its application. Compared with conventional iron ore flotation desilication reagents, its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention develops a combined collector for desilication of iron ore flotation under low temperature conditions. By combining the traditional iron ore anionic collector sodium oleate with two other anionic collectors in a certain ratio, it overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional anionic collectors in terms of poor collection ability under low temperature conditions, reduces the pulp temperature required for iron ore reverse flotation desilication (no heating required), and effectively reduces the energy consumption of the concentrator.

[0024] 2. In the combined collector used in this invention, sodium linoleate and sodium decanoate, in addition to sodium oleate, also have good water solubility, foaming properties and collection ability for silica gangue minerals. When used in combination with sodium oleate, the collection ability of sodium oleate is improved through molecular association, while significantly reducing the amount of sodium oleate used, thereby further realizing cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the iron ore development and utilization process.

[0025] 3. The combined collector used in this invention can selectively remove silicate minerals from the iron ore flotation system during use. Moreover, the components of the combined collector are widely available, easy to obtain commercially, and have low cost, which is conducive to industrial promotion and use.

[0026] 4. The combined collector of the present invention is used for reverse flotation desilication of low-grade and difficult-to-process iron ore under low-temperature conditions (10°C-15°C), and the obtained iron ore concentrate has a TFe grade of ≥64% and an iron recovery rate of ≥75%. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication of the present invention, which performs reverse flotation desilication on iron ore under low-temperature conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention employ the following methods: Figure 1 The process flow shown employs the low-temperature combined collector of this invention to perform iron ore reverse flotation desilication under low-temperature conditions.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This invention discloses a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is an anionic combined collector composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%, and then mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:0.67:1 to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication.

[0032] The application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication: Under 15°C conditions, the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication was used in reverse flotation desilication of iron ore. The iron ore used was refractory iron ore with a TFe grade of 33.45% as the raw ore. The valuable minerals in the ore were iron ore and magnetite, and the gangue minerals were mainly quartz and chlorite. The process included the following steps:

[0033] (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade refractory iron ore is ground to obtain a slurry with a grinding fineness of -400 mesh accounting for 80%;

[0034] (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed magnetic concentrate with a TFe grade of 43.42%. This concentrate is then fed into a mixing tank to adjust the slurry concentration to 35 wt.%.

[0035] (3) Slurry preparation: Adjust the pH of the slurry to 11.5, then add iron ore inhibitor starch, gangue activator lime and combined anionic collector. The amount of inhibitor is 500g / t, the amount of activator is 500g / t, and the amount of combined collector is 600g / t.

[0036] (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after slurry preparation is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rougher tailings. After adding 200g / t of anion combined collector, the rough concentrate is further cleaned in one stage to obtain iron concentrate. Iron concentrate is the final product. The middlings produced in the first stage cleaning operation are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation. The rougher tailings are further cleaned in three stages. The middlings produced in scavenging I are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation, and the middlings produced in scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next stage of scavenging operation in sequence.

[0037] The TFe grade and recovery rate of iron ore concentrate and flotation tailings obtained by grinding-magnetic separation-anion reverse flotation are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1. Flotation Product Specifications for Example 1

[0039] Product Name TFe / % Recovery rate / % Concentrate 66.39 80.57 Tailings 17.83 19.43 total 43.42 100

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This invention discloses a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is an anionic combined collector composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%, and then mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:0.67:0.67 to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication.

[0042] The application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication: Under 15°C conditions, the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication was used in reverse flotation desilication of iron ore. The iron ore used was refractory iron ore with a TFe grade of 33.21% as the raw ore. The valuable minerals in the ore were iron ore and magnetite, and the gangue minerals were mainly quartz and chlorite. The process included the following steps:

[0043] (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade refractory iron ore is ground to obtain a slurry with a grinding fineness of -400 mesh accounting for 85%;

[0044] (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed magnetic concentrate with a TFe grade of 42.78%. This concentrate is then fed into a mixing tank to adjust the slurry concentration to 30 wt.%.

[0045] (3) Slurry preparation: Adjust the pH of the slurry to 11.0, then add iron ore inhibitor starch, gangue activator lime and combined anionic collector. The amount of inhibitor is 400g / t, the amount of activator is 600g / t and the amount of combined collector is 650g / t.

[0046] (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after slurry preparation is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rougher tailings. After adding 200g / t of anion combined collector, the rough concentrate is further cleaned in one stage to obtain iron concentrate. Iron concentrate is the final product. The middlings produced in the first stage cleaning operation are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation. The rougher tailings are further cleaned in three stages. The middlings produced in scavenging I are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation, and the middlings produced in scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next stage of scavenging operation in sequence.

[0047] The TFe grade and recovery rate of iron ore concentrate and flotation tailings obtained by grinding-magnetic separation-anion reverse flotation are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Table 2. Flotation Product Specifications for Example 2

[0049] Product Name TFe / % Recovery rate / % Concentrate 65.21 79.91 Tailings 18.07 20.09 total 42.78 100

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This invention discloses a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is an anionic combined collector composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%, and then mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.67 to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication.

[0052] The application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication: Under 15°C conditions, the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication was used in reverse flotation desilication of iron ore. The iron ore used was refractory iron ore with a TFe grade of 32.78% as the raw ore. The valuable minerals in the ore were iron ore and magnetite, and the gangue minerals were mainly quartz and chlorite. The process included the following steps:

[0053] (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade refractory iron ore is ground to obtain a slurry with a grinding fineness of -400 mesh accounting for 70%;

[0054] (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed magnetic concentrate with a TFe grade of 41.86%. This concentrate is then fed into a mixing tank to adjust the slurry concentration to 40 wt.%.

[0055] (3) Slurry preparation: Adjust the pH of the slurry to 11.0, then add iron ore inhibitor starch, gangue activator lime and combined anionic collector. The amount of inhibitor is 350g / t, the amount of activator is 500g / t, and the amount of combined collector is 400g / t.

[0056] (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after slurry preparation is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rougher tailings. After adding 150g / t of anion combined collector, the rough concentrate is further cleaned in one stage to obtain iron concentrate. Iron concentrate is the final product. The middlings produced in the first stage cleaning operation are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation. The rougher tailings are further cleaned in three stages. The middlings produced in scavenging I are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation, and the middlings produced in scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next stage of scavenging operation in sequence.

[0057] The TFe grade and recovery rate of iron ore concentrate and flotation tailings obtained by grinding-magnetic separation-anion reverse flotation are shown in Table 3.

[0058] Table 3. Flotation Product Specifications for Example 3

[0059] Product Name TFe / % Recovery rate / % Concentrate 65.48 78.71 Tailings 17.94 21.29 total 41.86 100

[0060] Example 4

[0061] This invention discloses a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is an anionic combined collector composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%, and then mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication.

[0062] The application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication: Under 10°C conditions, the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication was used in reverse flotation desilication of iron ore. The iron ore used was refractory iron ore with a TFe grade of 33.09% as the raw ore. The useful minerals in the ore were iron ore and magnetite, and the gangue minerals were mainly quartz and chlorite. The process included the following steps:

[0063] (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade refractory iron ore is ground to obtain a slurry with a grinding fineness of -400 mesh accounting for 80%;

[0064] (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed magnetic concentrate with a TFe grade of 43.21%. This concentrate is then fed into a mixing tank to adjust the slurry concentration to 30 wt.%.

[0065] (3) Slurry preparation: Adjust the pH of the slurry to 11.5, then add iron ore inhibitor starch, gangue activator lime and combined anionic collector. The amount of inhibitor is 400g / t, the amount of activator is 650g / t and the amount of combined collector is 700g / t.

[0066] (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after slurry preparation is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rougher tailings. After adding 230 g / t of anion combined collector, the rough concentrate is further cleaned in one stage to obtain iron concentrate. Iron concentrate is the final product. The middlings produced in the first stage cleaning operation are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation. The rougher tailings are further cleaned in three stages. The middlings produced in scavenging I are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation, and the middlings produced in scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next stage of scavenging operation in sequence.

[0067] The TFe grade and recovery rate of iron ore concentrate and flotation tailings obtained by grinding-magnetic separation-anion reverse flotation are shown in Table 4.

[0068] Table 4. Flotation Product Specifications for Example 4

[0069] Product Name TFe / % Recovery rate / % Concentrate 64.87 77.28 Tailings 20.23 22.72 total 43.21 100

[0070] Example 5

[0071] This invention discloses a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is an anionic combined collector composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%, and then mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:0.67:1 to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication.

[0072] The application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication: Under 10°C conditions, the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication was used in reverse flotation desilication of iron ore. The iron ore used was refractory iron ore with a TFe grade of 32.77% as the raw ore. The useful minerals in the ore were iron ore and magnetite, and the gangue minerals were mainly quartz and chlorite. The process included the following steps:

[0073] (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade refractory iron ore is ground to obtain a slurry with a grinding fineness of -400 mesh accounting for 80%;

[0074] (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed magnetic concentrate with a TFe grade of 43.31%. This concentrate is then fed into a mixing tank to adjust the slurry concentration to 30 wt.%.

[0075] (3) Slurry preparation: Adjust the pH of the slurry to 11.5, then add iron ore inhibitor starch, gangue activator lime and combined anionic collector. The amount of inhibitor is 500g / t, the amount of activator is 750g / t and the amount of combined collector is 750g / t.

[0076] (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after slurry preparation is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rougher tailings. After adding 250g / t of anion combined collector, the rough concentrate is further cleaned in one stage to obtain iron concentrate. Iron concentrate is the final product. The middlings produced in the first stage cleaning operation are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation. The rougher tailings are further cleaned in three stages. The middlings produced in scavenging I are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation, and the middlings produced in scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next stage of scavenging operation in sequence.

[0077] The TFe grade and recovery rate of iron ore concentrate and flotation tailings obtained by grinding-magnetic separation-anion reverse flotation are shown in Table 5.

[0078] Table 5. Flotation Product Specifications for Example 5

[0079] Product Name TFe / % Recovery rate / % Concentrate 64.32 75.12 Tailings 21.80 24.88 total 43.31 100

[0080] Example 6

[0081] This invention discloses a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is an anionic combined collector composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%, and then mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:0.8:0.9 to obtain the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication.

[0082] The application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication: Under 15°C conditions, the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication was used in reverse flotation desilication of iron ore. The iron ore used was refractory iron ore with a TFe grade of 33.58% as the raw ore. The valuable minerals in the ore were iron ore and magnetite, and the gangue minerals were mainly quartz and chlorite. The process included the following steps:

[0083] (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade refractory iron ore is ground to obtain a slurry with a grinding fineness of -400 mesh accounting for 85%;

[0084] (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed magnetic concentrate with a TFe grade of 44.12%. This concentrate is then fed into a mixing tank to adjust the slurry concentration to 30 wt.%.

[0085] (3) Slurry preparation: Adjust the pH of the slurry to 11.2, then add iron ore inhibitor starch, gangue activator lime and combined anionic collector. The amount of inhibitor is 450g / t, the amount of activator is 700g / t and the amount of combined collector is 750g / t.

[0086] (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after slurry preparation is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rougher tailings. After adding 230 g / t of anion combined collector, the rough concentrate is further cleaned in one stage to obtain iron concentrate. Iron concentrate is the final product. The middlings produced in the first stage cleaning operation are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation. The rougher tailings are further cleaned in three stages. The middlings produced in scavenging I are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation, and the middlings produced in scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next stage of scavenging operation in sequence.

[0087] The TFe grade and recovery rate of iron ore concentrate and flotation tailings obtained by grinding-magnetic separation-anion reverse flotation are shown in Table 6.

[0088] Table 6. Flotation Product Specifications for Example 6

[0089] Product Name TFe / % Recovery rate / % Concentrate 65.19 76.28 Tailings 20.83 23.72 total 44.12 100

Claims

1. The application of a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication, characterized in that, The combined collector is an anionic combined collector, which is composed of three components: component 1 is sodium oleate, component 2 is sodium linoleate, and component 3 is sodium decanoate. Components 1, 2, and 3 are each prepared into aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 5%. The ratio of the aqueous solutions of components 1, 2, and 3 is adjusted and mixed evenly. The mass ratio of components 1, 2, and 3 is 1:(0.67-1):(0.67-1), thus obtaining a combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication. The combined collector is used for reverse flotation desilication of refractory iron ore under low-temperature conditions of 10°C-15°C, including the following steps: (1) Grinding: The crushed low-grade, difficult-to-process iron ore is ground to obtain slurry; (2) Magnetic separation: The slurry is fed into a magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic tailings. The weak magnetic tailings are then subjected to strong magnetic separation. The strong magnetic concentrate and weak magnetic concentrate are mixed and stirred to adjust the slurry concentration. (3) Slurry preparation: Continue to adjust the pH of the slurry from step (2) to 11.0-11.5, and then add iron ore inhibitor, gangue activator and combined collector; the iron ore inhibitor is starch, and the dosage of the inhibitor is 350g / t-500g / t; the gangue activator is lime, and the dosage of the activator is 500g / t-750g / t; the dosage of the combined collector is 400g / t-750g / t. (4) Anion reverse flotation: The slurry after step (3) is introduced into the flotation machine for anion reverse flotation to obtain iron ore rough concentrate and rough tailings. A combined collector is added to the iron ore rough concentrate for a first stage of cleaning. The combined collector dosage is 150g / t-250g / t. The middlings after the first stage of cleaning are returned to the next stage of anion reverse flotation operation. The rough tailings are scavenged. After the iron ore rough concentrate is cleaned, iron concentrate products and middlings are obtained. After the rough tailings are scavenged, middlings are obtained.

2. The application of the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step (1) Grind the ore to a fineness of -400 mesh, accounting for 70%-85% of the slurry.

3. The application of the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step (2) Adjust the slurry concentration to 30wt.%-40wt.%.

4. The application of the combined collector for low-temperature iron ore flotation desilication as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the roughing tailings are subjected to three-stage scavenging. The middlings produced by the scavenging are returned to the next-stage anion reverse flotation operation. The middlings produced by scavenging II and scavenging III are returned to the next-stage scavenging operation in sequence.

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