Battery negative electrode high-valued regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste

Abstract

The invention provides a battery negative electrode high-valued regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste. Heat energy and electric energy generated by a power generation module can be efficiently received and stored through a heat and energy storage module. The system utilizes the electric energy to drive the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-element organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor. And then, the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and the waste negative electrode material are mixed, and the reaction module further adopts a flash Joule heat treatment technology to realize high-valued regeneration of the waste material, so that the recycling rate of resources is effectively improved, and the environmental pressure is reduced. In addition, the system further burns and recovers volatile component gas generated by the reaction module through a burner, and efficient cyclic utilization of energy is achieved. According to the method, the sustainability of the whole system is improved by utilizing renewable energy sources and multi-element organic solid waste, an innovative thought is provided in the aspects of waste treatment and energy storage device performance improvement, and good economic and environmental benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery negative electrode material recycling, and in particular to a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste. Background Art

[0002] Driven by the global energy transformation and sustainable development strategy, energy storage technology, as a key area supporting efficient energy utilization and green development, is experiencing rapid development. Lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors are widely used in electric vehicles, renewable energy systems and grid regulation due to their excellent performance. However, as their usage continues to rise, the accumulation of discarded batteries and supercapacitors is also growing exponentially. Traditional methods of recycling and processing battery negative electrode materials are difficult to meet the requirements of sustainable development due to high energy consumption, complex processes and serious environmental pollution.

[0003] At the same time, a large amount of organic solid waste (biomass, plastics, etc.) has caused resource waste and environmental pressure due to improper disposal. To this end, this patent proposes a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, innovatively introducing organic solid waste such as biomass and plastics into the regeneration process, and synergistically transforming it with waste negative electrode materials into high-performance energy storage electrode materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste to solve the problems of high energy consumption and complex processes in existing waste battery and supercapacitor negative electrode material recycling methods.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, comprising: Power generation module; A heat and energy storage module is connected to the power generation module and is used to receive and store heat and electric energy from the power generation module; The reaction module is connected to the heat storage module, and uses electric energy to perform low-temperature pyrolysis treatment on the multi-organic solid waste to obtain a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor, and then uses electric energy to mix the precursor with the waste negative electrode material and perform flash Joule heat treatment to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material; The burner is connected to the reaction module and is used for burning the volatile matter produced in the reaction module.

[0006] Preferably, the power generation module includes a solar thermal unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit. The solar thermal unit is used to transfer heat energy to the thermal energy storage module or to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; the photovoltaic power generation unit is used to store electrical energy in the thermal energy storage module or to directly drive the reaction module.

[0007] Preferably, the heat storage module comprises a phase change material, which can efficiently store and release heat energy within different temperature ranges.

[0008] Preferably, the reaction module includes a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, which is used to perform a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor; Among them, the reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 350℃~500℃, and the reaction pressure is 1MPa~15MPa.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-organic solid waste includes biomass and plastics, the biomass includes at least one of corn stalks, nut shells, coconut shells, grapefruit peels and bamboo; the plastic includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and polyethylene.

[0010] Preferably, the reaction module further comprises a flash Joule heat reaction unit, which comprises a flash Joule heat reactor and an atmosphere control box and an infrared temperature sensor respectively equipped therewith; Among them, the flash Joule thermal reactor is used to perform high-temperature treatment on the waste negative electrode material according to the instantaneous large current pulse provided by the heat storage and energy storage module; the atmosphere control box is used to provide a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule thermal reactor; the infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the working temperature of the flash Joule thermal reactor.

[0011] Preferably, the pulse current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 1A to 600A, the reaction time of the high-temperature rapid heating treatment is 0.1ms to 5s, and the operating temperature range of the flash Joule heat reactor is 200°C to 4000°C.

[0012] Preferably, both the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit are provided with a multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program, and the multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program can realize pyrolysis treatment in stages at multiple temperatures.

[0013] Preferably, the burner is also used to preheat the multi-organic solid waste, and the preheating temperature range of the burner is 100°C to 350°C.

[0014] Preferably, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also includes an intelligent control module, which is used to coordinate the operation of the power generation module, the heat storage module and the reaction module to optimize energy distribution and reaction process efficiency.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a high-value regeneration system for battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste, which efficiently stores the heat and electricity generated by the power generation module through the heat storage and energy storage module. The system uses electric energy to drive the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis of multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor. Subsequently, after the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and the waste negative electrode material are mixed, the reaction module adopts flash Joule heat treatment technology to achieve high-value regeneration of waste materials, effectively improve resource recovery and utilization rate and effectively alleviate environmental pressure. At the same time, the system uses a burner to burn and recover the volatile gas generated by the reaction module to achieve the recycling of energy in the system. The overall system integrates energy circulation and material regeneration functions, significantly improves resource utilization efficiency, reduces the burden of waste on the environment, and demonstrates the innovative advantages of high efficiency and environmental protection. This application not only improves the sustainability of the overall system by utilizing renewable energy and multi-organic solid waste, but also provides innovative ideas in waste treatment and improving the performance of energy storage devices, with good economic and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 This is a specific process flow chart of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0018] In response to the problems of high energy consumption and complex processes in existing recycling methods for waste batteries and supercapacitor negative electrode materials, this application proposes a high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste. This high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste utilizes waste from multiple sources such as biomass, plastics, waste batteries and supercapacitor negative electrode materials, and converts these materials into high-performance electrode materials through a comprehensive process. The power generation module provides energy support for the entire conversion process, achieving green self-sufficiency in energy and recycling of energy storage materials, thereby effectively reducing production costs and reducing environmental pollution. This application not only improves the sustainability of the overall system by utilizing renewable energy and waste materials, but also provides innovative ideas in waste treatment and improving the performance of energy storage devices, with good economic and environmental benefits.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is now further described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 , Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 A specific process flow chart of a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present application; wherein, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided by the present invention comprises a power generation module, a heat storage module, a reaction module and a burner, the heat storage module is connected to the power generation module, the reaction module is connected to the heat storage module, and the burner is connected to the reaction module; Among them, the heat storage module is used to efficiently store the heat and electricity generated by the power generation module; then the above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive low-temperature pyrolysis of multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor. Subsequently, by mixing the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and the waste negative electrode material, the reaction module further adopts the flash Joule heat treatment technology to achieve high-value regeneration of waste materials, thereby effectively improving the recycling rate of resources and reducing environmental pressure. In addition, the above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also burns and recovers the volatile gas generated by the reaction module through a burner to achieve efficient recycling of energy. In embodiment 1 of the present invention, the power generation module includes a solar thermal unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit, and the solar thermal unit is used to transfer heat energy to the heat storage module or to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; the photovoltaic power generation unit is used to store electric energy in the heat storage module or directly drive the reaction module, thereby providing diversified energy support and flexible energy distribution methods for the entire battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste.

[0021] In Example 1 of the present invention, the heat storage and energy storage module stores heat and electric energy from the power generation module to provide energy for the reaction module. The heat storage and energy storage module contains phase change materials, which can efficiently store and release heat energy within different temperature ranges, and support long-term continuous operation. At the same time, the power reserve of the power generation module is used to continuously power the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module and provide instantaneous large current pulses for the flash Joule heat reaction unit, so as to ensure that various reactions in the reaction module can be accurately and smoothly promoted, so that the operation of the entire battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste is more reliable, efficient and stable.

[0022] In Example 1 of the present invention, the reaction module includes a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, which is respectively connected to the burner and the heat storage module. The electric energy provided by the heat storage module is used to perform a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction on the biomass-plastic in a relatively low temperature and high pressure environment to generate a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor, and the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor includes a graphite / graphene precursor.

[0023] The reaction temperature range set by the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is between 350℃ and 500℃, while the reaction pressure is controlled within the range of 1MPa to 15MPa. Such reaction condition settings help to accurately control the pyrolysis process of biomass-plastics, prompting them to be converted into the target product-carbon-based negative electrode material precursor in the expected direction, laying a solid foundation for the further processing and regeneration of waste negative electrode materials, and ensuring the smooth advancement and efficient implementation of the entire multi-source material battery negative electrode regeneration process.

[0024] Specifically, the multi-organic solid waste includes biomass and plastics, wherein the biomass includes at least one of corn stalks, nut shells, coconut shells, grapefruit peels and bamboo, etc.; the plastic includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and polyethylene, etc. Such a diverse composition of raw materials, on the one hand, makes full use of various common and relatively widely available biomass resources, which are often residues or wastes in agricultural production, daily life and other processes. Using them can achieve resource recycling and reduce waste; on the other hand, the selection of commonly used plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene is also based on the fact that they have a high amount of waste in life and the demand for recycling is more urgent. At the same time, they can synergize with biomass in subsequent low-temperature pyrolysis and other treatment processes to be converted into carbon-based negative electrode material precursors, thereby providing a suitable raw material basis for the regeneration of battery negative electrode materials, and promoting the entire battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste to better achieve the goals of waste resource recycling and green sustainable development.

[0025] In Example 1 of the present invention, the reaction module further comprises a flash Joule heat reaction unit, which comprises a flash Joule heat reactor, an atmosphere control box and an infrared temperature sensor. The flash Joule heat reaction unit is suitable for processing waste graphite / graphene and carbon-based negative electrode material precursors to achieve rapid pyrolysis, recombination and regeneration of materials. Among them, the flash Joule heat reactor is used to perform flash Joule heat treatment on the waste negative electrode material according to the instantaneous large current pulse provided by the heat storage module; the atmosphere control box is used to provide a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule heat reactor; the infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the working temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor.

[0026] Specifically, the core function of the flash Joule thermal reactor is to perform flash Joule thermal treatment on the waste negative electrode materials based on the instantaneous large current pulses provided by the heat storage and energy storage module. This treatment method based on large current pulses can cause a violent thermal effect inside the waste negative electrode materials in a very short time, thereby inducing rapid pyrolysis and recombination reactions. The atmosphere control box is responsible for creating a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule thermal reactor. Such an environmental setting is crucial to avoid unnecessary chemical reactions such as oxidation of materials during high-temperature treatment, and can effectively ensure the purity and quality of material processing. The function of the infrared temperature sensor is to accurately detect the operating temperature of the flash Joule thermal reactor. By real-time monitoring of temperature data, it is convenient to accurately control the entire flash Joule thermal reaction process to ensure that the reaction is carried out under appropriate temperature conditions.

[0027] Preferably, the pulse current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 1A to 600A, and the reaction time of the high-temperature rapid heating treatment is 0.1ms to 5s, ensuring instantaneous and efficient pyrolysis and recombination of the material.

[0028] From the specific process parameters, the preferred instantaneous high current pulse has a pulse current intensity between 1A and 600A. Under such current intensity, combined with the high temperature rapid heating treatment reaction time of 0.1ms to 5s, it can ensure that the material can achieve instantaneous and efficient pyrolysis and recombination. This short-time, high-intensity treatment mode fully utilizes the advantages of flash Joule heat reaction, allowing waste materials to be quickly converted into substances with recycling value.

[0029] Preferably, the operating temperature range of the flash Joule heat reactor is 200°C to 4000°C, and it is suitable for processing a variety of materials, including but not limited to waste graphite / graphene, carbon-based negative electrode material precursors, etc., and generating recycled graphite / graphene. In such a high-temperature treatment process, these materials can be prompted to undergo complex physical and chemical changes, and finally generate recycled graphite / graphene, which opens up an efficient and feasible way for the recycling of waste battery negative electrode materials, greatly improving the recycling rate of resources and reducing potential harm to the environment.

[0030] Further, the electrical properties of the material (Coulomb efficiency of the first activation cycle and the first cycle discharge capacity at 0.2C / 1C) are used to determine whether the regenerated graphite / graphene meets the commercial standards. Furthermore, both the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit are equipped with a multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program, which can realize pyrolysis treatment in stages at multiple temperatures to improve the recovery of intermediate products and energy utilization efficiency.

[0031] In Example 1 of the present invention, the burner is used to burn the volatiles produced in the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit, preheat the biomass-plastic to reach the minimum temperature of the pyrolysis reaction, and ensure that the material reaches appropriate pretreatment conditions before entering the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit; wherein the preheating temperature range of the burner is 100°C to 350°C.

[0032] Specifically, by burning these volatiles, a certain amount of heat can be released, and this heat will be used to preheat the multi-organic solid waste. The preheating link is of great significance. Its purpose is to increase the temperature of the multi-organic solid waste to the minimum temperature required for the pyrolysis reaction, thereby ensuring that the material has reached the appropriate pretreatment conditions before entering the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit. This is like making sufficient "warm-up" preparations for the subsequent pyrolysis reaction, which helps the pyrolysis reaction to proceed more smoothly and efficiently, allowing the entire reaction process to proceed in the expected direction and improving the quality and efficiency of the final product.

[0033] It should be particularly pointed out that the preheating temperature of the burner is between 100°C and 350°C. Within this temperature range, it can ensure that the multi-organic solid waste is effectively preheated so that its internal structure and other aspects reach the initial state suitable for pyrolysis, and avoid adverse effects on raw materials due to too high or too low temperature. For example, too high temperature may cause premature decomposition of raw materials or other unnecessary side reactions, and too low temperature cannot achieve a good preheating effect, and the pretreatment conditions required for entering the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit cannot be met.

[0034] In Example 1 of the present invention, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also includes an intelligent control module, which is used to coordinate the operation of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, the flash Joule heat reaction unit, the heat storage and energy storage module and the power generation module, and to monitor and adjust the temperature, pressure, current, voltage and atmosphere environment of each reaction unit and each module in real time to optimize energy distribution and reaction process efficiency.

[0035] Specifically, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastic and waste battery negative electrode materials, to be converted into high-performance regenerated graphite through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above-mentioned regenerated graphite are as follows: Step 1: Convert solar energy into thermal energy through a solar thermal unit, and transfer the thermal energy to an energy storage module or use it to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; at the same time, convert solar energy into electrical energy through a photovoltaic power generation unit, and store the electrical energy in a thermal storage module or use it directly to drive a reaction module; Step 2: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphite precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 350°C, the reaction pressure is 5MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 2:1. Step 3: A mixture is obtained by mixing a carbon-based graphite precursor and waste graphite (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphite precursor to the waste graphite is 1:4), and the flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module rapidly heats the above mixture at high temperature through an instantaneous high current pulse generated by the electric energy provided by the heat storage module to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material; wherein the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 2400°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous high current pulse is 140A, and the reaction time is 1 second; In addition, the above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also burns the volatile gases generated in the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit through a burner, and preheats the multi-organic solid waste in step one to reach the minimum temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction. The preheating temperature of the burner is 200°C.

[0036] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 1 of the present invention is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of graphite is approximately 2100 kWh.

[0037] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphite prepared in Example 1 of the present invention were tested as follows: the obtained regenerated graphite was used as an active material, and it was mixed with a conductive agent acetylene black (AB) and a binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) was used as a solvent. The mixture was placed in a small beaker and stirred at a speed of 800r / min for 2h to obtain a slurry. The slurry was coated on the current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass and transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4h. The obtained pole piece was then dried at 105°C in a vacuum drying oven for 4h, placed in a glove box filled with argon atmosphere with a water content and oxygen content of less than 0.1ppm for 4h to reduce the moisture adsorbed by the pole piece during the transfer process, and then assembled into a CR2032 button battery in the glove box. The separator used in this battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-punched metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is 1mol / L LiPF in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 EC (ethylene carbonate): DMC (dimethyl carbonate): EMC (ethyl methyl carbonate). 6 Electrolyte.

[0038] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 0.2C in the first week was 396.2mAhg -1, the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 93.4%.

[0039] Comparative Example 1: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 1 utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastic, and waste battery negative electrodes, and converts them into high-performance graphite through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphite are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that: Step 2: The above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphite precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 400°C, the reaction pressure is 2MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 2:1.

[0040] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the high-value battery negative electrode regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 1 is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of graphite is approximately 2700kWh.

[0041] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphite prepared in Comparative Example 1 were tested as follows: the regenerated graphite obtained was used as the active material, and it was mixed with the conductive agent acetylene black (AB) and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) was used as the solvent. The mixture was placed in a small beaker and stirred at a speed of 800r / min for 2h to obtain a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated on the current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass and transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4h. The obtained pole piece was then dried at 105°C in a vacuum drying oven for 4h, placed in a glove box filled with argon atmosphere with a water content and oxygen content of less than 0.1ppm for 4h to reduce the moisture adsorbed by the pole piece during the transfer process, and then assembled into a CR2032 button battery in the glove box. The separator used in the battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-punched metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is 1 mol / L LiPF with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1. 6 Electrolyte.

[0042] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 0.2C in the first week was 381.5 mAhg -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 91.8%.

[0043] Comparative Example 2: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 2 utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastic, and waste battery negative electrodes, and converts them into high-performance graphite materials through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphite are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that: Step three, by mixing the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and the waste graphite to obtain a mixture (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphite precursor and the waste graphite is 1:4), the flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module quickly heats the above mixture at high temperature through the instantaneous large current pulse generated by the electric energy provided by the heat storage module to obtain regenerated graphite; wherein the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 2100°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 120A, and the reaction time is 1 second.

[0044] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 2 is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of battery negative electrode material is approximately 2000kWh.

[0045] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated negative electrode material prepared in Comparative Example 2 were tested as follows: the obtained regenerated graphite was used as the active material, and it was mixed with the conductive agent acetylene black (AB) and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) was used as the solvent. The mixture was placed in a small beaker and stirred at a speed of 800r / min for 2h to obtain a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated on the current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass and transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4h. The obtained pole piece was then dried at 105°C in a vacuum drying oven for 4h, placed in a glove box filled with argon atmosphere with a water content and oxygen content of less than 0.1ppm for 4h to reduce the moisture adsorbed by the pole piece during the transfer process, and then assembled into a CR2032 button battery in the glove box. The separator used in the battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-punched metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is 1 mol / L LiPF with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1. 6 Electrolyte.

[0046] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The sample had a discharge capacity of 379.5 mAh g in the first week at 0.2C. -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 90.4%.

[0047] Embodiment 2: Example 2 provides a battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, which utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastic, and supercapacitor negative electrode, and converts them into high-performance graphene through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphene are as follows: Step 1: Convert solar energy into thermal energy through a solar thermal unit, and transfer the thermal energy to a thermal energy storage module or use it to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; at the same time, convert solar energy into electrical energy through a photovoltaic power generation unit, and store the electrical energy in a thermal energy storage module or use it directly to drive a reaction module; Step 2: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphene precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 400°C, the reaction pressure is 5MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 3:1. Step 3: A mixture is obtained by mixing a carbon-based graphene precursor and waste graphene (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphene precursor to the waste graphene is 1:9), and the flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module rapidly heats the mixture at high temperature through an instantaneous high current pulse generated by the electric energy provided by the heat storage module to obtain regenerated graphene; wherein the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 3600°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous high current pulse is 230A, and the reaction time is 1 second; In addition, the above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also burns the volatile gases generated in the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit through a burner, and preheats the multi-organic solid waste in step one to reach the minimum temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction. The preheating temperature of the burner is 200°C.

[0048] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Example 2 of the present invention is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of graphene is about 3800 kWh.

[0049] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphene prepared in Example 1 of the present invention were tested as follows: the obtained graphene was used as an active material, and it was mixed with a conductive agent acetylene black (AB) and a binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) was used as a solvent. The mixture was placed in a small beaker and stirred at a speed of 800r / min for 2h to obtain a slurry. The slurry was coated on the current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass and transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4h. The obtained pole piece was then dried at 105°C in a vacuum drying oven for 4h, placed in a glove box filled with argon atmosphere with a water content and oxygen content of less than 0.1ppm for 4h to reduce the moisture adsorbed by the pole piece during the transfer process, and then assembled into a CR2032 button battery in the glove box. The separator used in the battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the alkali metal sheet is a hand-punched metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is 1 mol / L LiPF with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1. 6 Electrolyte.

[0050] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The discharge capacity of the sample at 1C in the first week was 538.6 mAhg -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 91.2%.

[0051] Comparative Example 3: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 3 utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastic, and supercapacitor negative electrode, and converts them into high-performance graphene through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphene are substantially the same as those in Example 2, except that: Step 2: The above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste uses electric energy to drive the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit in the reaction module to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to generate a carbon-based graphene precursor. The reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 370°C, the reaction pressure is 2MPa, and the mass ratio of biomass to plastic in the multi-organic solid waste is 3:1.

[0052] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 3 is: the energy consumption of regenerating one ton of graphene is about 3200kWh.

[0053] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphene prepared in Comparative Example 3 were tested as follows: the obtained regenerated graphene was used as the active material, and it was mixed with the conductive agent acetylene black (AB) and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) was used as the solvent. The mixture was placed in a small beaker and stirred at a speed of 800r / min for 2h to obtain a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated on the current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass and transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4h. The obtained pole piece was then dried at 105°C in a vacuum drying oven for 4h, placed in a glove box filled with argon atmosphere with a water content and oxygen content of less than 0.1ppm for 4h to reduce the moisture adsorbed by the pole piece during the transfer process, and then assembled into a CR2032 button battery in the glove box. The separator used in the battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-punched metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is 1 mol / L LiPF with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1. 6 Electrolyte.

[0054] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The sample had a discharge capacity of 522.3 mAhg in the first week at 1C. -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 88.5%.

[0055] Comparative Example 4: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 4 utilizes three types of waste, namely biomass, plastic, and supercapacitor negative electrode, and converts them into high-performance graphene through a comprehensive process. The specific preparation steps of the above graphene are substantially the same as those in Example 2, except that: A mixture is obtained by mixing a carbon-based graphene precursor and waste graphene (the mass ratio of the carbon-based graphene precursor to the waste graphene is 1:9). The flash Joule heat reaction unit in the reaction module quickly heats the above mixture at high temperature through an instantaneous large current pulse generated by the electric energy provided by the heat storage module to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material; wherein the instantaneous temperature of the flash Joule heat reactor is 2900°C, the current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 160A, and the reaction time is 1 second.

[0056] According to calculations, the energy consumption of the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided in Comparative Example 4 is: the energy consumption for regenerating one ton of graphene is approximately 3400kWh.

[0057] Furthermore, the electrical properties of the regenerated graphene prepared in Comparative Example 4 were tested as follows: the obtained regenerated graphene was used as the active material, and it was mixed with the conductive agent acetylene black (AB) and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) was used as the solvent. The mixture was placed in a small beaker and stirred at a speed of 800r / min for 2h to obtain a slurry. The negative electrode slurry was coated on the current collector copper foil using an automatic coating machine, placed flat on tempered glass and transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 4h. The obtained pole piece was then dried at 105°C in a vacuum drying oven for 4h, placed in a glove box filled with argon atmosphere with a water content and oxygen content of less than 0.1ppm for 4h to reduce the moisture adsorbed by the pole piece during the transfer process, and then assembled into a CR2032 button battery in the glove box. The separator used in the battery is a microporous polypropylene film, the positive electrode of the battery is a hand-punched metal lithium sheet, and the electrolyte is 1 mol / L LiPF with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC of 1:1:1. 6 Electrolyte.

[0058] After the battery was assembled and aged for 12 hours, the charge and discharge test was carried out. The sample had a discharge capacity of 513.4 mAh g in the first week at 1C. -1 , the first-cycle Coulomb efficiency is 86.2%.

[0059] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1 to 2, it can be seen that the electrical properties of the graphite obtained in Example 1 are better; by comparing Example 2 with Comparative Examples 3 to 4, it can be seen that the electrical properties of the graphene obtained in Example 2 are better.

[0060] The Chinese patent publication number CN202410991044.9 provides a battery negative electrode recycling and regeneration method and application. The pyrometallurgical process mentioned therein calcines mixed graphite powder in an air atmosphere at 800-1100°C, and then washes it with deionized water 1-3 times to obtain regenerated graphite. The high-temperature calcination consumes a lot of energy, increasing the recycling cost.

[0061] Chinese patent publication number CN202280022498.4 provides a recycling technology for regenerating graphite anodes from retired batteries using the flash Joule heating (FJH) method, which has the advantages of high regeneration efficiency and low pollution. However, this patent only focuses on the purification of retired graphite materials. And due to the single nature of the reaction equipment, multiple high-power discharges are required when Joule heating is used to recover graphite, which consumes a lot of energy. The tail gas generated after the reaction also lacks effective treatment, and the overall system is not comprehensive enough and has insufficient synergistic effects.

[0062] In contrast, this patent has significantly improved and refined the performance and process flow of recycled graphite / graphene. Specifically, the present invention mixes biomass and plastic in a certain proportion, pyrolyzes them at a low temperature of 350℃ to 500℃ and a high pressure environment to prepare a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor, and then mixes the waste anode materials with them respectively, and treats them using the flash Joule heating method. This innovation improves the electrochemical performance of recycled graphite / graphene. For example, the first-week discharge capacity is 13% higher than that of commercial graphite, and the coulombic efficiency is over 93%. In addition, the electricity used for the system established by this patent is provided by solar thermal and photovoltaic power generation units, and is equipped with energy storage and heat storage units, which improves the sustainability of the system. Through these innovations, this patent has achieved a comprehensive improvement in the overall system in terms of high-value regeneration of solid waste and energy conversion, and has higher practical value and environmental benefits.

[0063] The system integrates solar thermal and photovoltaic power generation units to achieve multi-energy conversion, and uses multi-organic solid waste to synergistically transform into high-performance electrode materials, expanding the source of raw materials and being more innovative and sustainable in energy utilization and waste treatment. Through the precise processing of low-temperature pyrolysis and flash Joule heat reaction units, high-performance material regeneration is achieved under specific temperature, pressure and current pulse conditions, improving the performance of negative electrode materials. The burner's recycling of volatiles and the overall process effectively improve the resource recycling rate, reduce the environmental burden, and have outstanding economic and environmental benefits. In view of the above shortcomings, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided by the present invention uses multi-organic solid waste as a precursor of carbon-based negative electrode materials, combined with waste battery or supercapacitor negative electrode materials to obtain high-performance regenerated negative electrode materials. The advantages of the above system are the high-performance output of negative electrode materials and the efficient recycling of energy. Its core reaction units include a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit (350°C to 500°C, 1MPa to 15MPa) and a flash Joule heat unit (200°C to 4000°C, 1A to 600A pulse current, 0.1ms~5s). After the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit pre-treats the blending of multiple waste materials, the high pulse current of the flash Joule heat unit is used to achieve instantaneous high-performance regeneration of negative electrode materials. Compared with conventional high-temperature treatment, this system can not only reduce the energy consumption of the treatment process, but also achieve high-performance regeneration of materials. The waste gas generated during the reaction process of this system is processed by a burner, and the heat generated is used to preheat the solid waste, realizing an efficient preparation process of green circulation, and enhancing the environmental benefits of the entire high-value regeneration system of battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste. The graphite material / graphene material regenerated by this system has higher conductivity, specific surface area and first-cycle discharge capacity, showing excellent coulombic efficiency and cycle stability, meeting the needs of high-performance energy storage applications.

[0064] Furthermore, the battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste provided by the present invention utilizes a power generation module (solar thermal / photovoltaic power generation unit) to convert light energy and heat energy to continuously supply the system operation, and the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor treated by the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is mixed with the waste battery negative electrode material to regenerate into a high-performance negative electrode material. The regenerated graphite material / graphene material has higher conductivity, specific surface area and first-week discharge specific capacity, and can be applied to energy storage scenarios such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems, with broad market prospects. With the growth of battery recycling and environmental protection needs, the above-mentioned battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste has significant economic benefits in reducing production costs and improving the utilization rate of waste resources, and has a positive effect on environmental protection.

[0065] The market prospects of the application technology are broad, and it is mainly used in electric vehicles, grid energy storage, renewable energy systems and other fields with high requirements for electrode material performance. Through the high-value regeneration system of battery negative electrodes based on multi-source solid waste supported by solar thermal / photovoltaic power generation units, the transformation of low-cost materials into high-performance graphite / graphene electrode materials is realized, providing a high-quality and sustainable option for the energy storage market. With the rapid growth of global demand for new energy vehicles and distributed grid energy storage, the market demand for electrode materials is increasing. This system is in line with the current policy orientation of the circular economy, and can effectively reduce dependence on natural graphite resources and alleviate the pressure of waste disposal. Therefore, this application has significant market potential. It not only has advantages in environmental protection and resource utilization efficiency, but also provides innovative solutions for cost optimization and sustainable development in the energy storage industry.

[0066] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste, characterized in that: include: Power generation module; a heat and energy storage module, connected to the power generation module, for receiving and storing heat and electric energy from the power generation module; A reaction module is connected to the heat storage module, and uses electric energy to perform low-temperature pyrolysis on the multi-organic solid waste to obtain a carbon-based negative electrode material precursor, and continues to use electric energy to mix the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor and the waste negative electrode material and then perform flash Joule heat treatment to obtain a regenerated negative electrode material; A burner is connected to the reaction module and is used to burn volatiles generated in the reaction module.

2. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power generation module includes a solar thermal unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit. The solar thermal unit is used to transfer heat energy to the thermal energy storage module or to directly heat the multi-organic solid waste; the photovoltaic power generation unit is used to store electrical energy in the thermal energy storage module or to directly drive the reaction module.

3. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat storage module includes a phase change material, which can efficiently store and release heat energy in different temperature ranges.

4. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reaction module comprises a low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit, and the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is used to perform low-temperature and high-pressure pyrolysis on the multi-component organic solid waste to generate the carbon-based negative electrode material precursor; Wherein, the reaction temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit is 350°C~500°C, and the reaction pressure is 1MPa~15MPa.

5. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The multi-organic solid waste includes biomass and plastics, wherein the biomass includes at least one of corn stalks, nut shells, coconut shells, grapefruit peels and bamboo; and the plastic includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and polyethylene.

6. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The reaction module also includes a flash Joule heat reaction unit, which includes a flash Joule heat reactor and an atmosphere control box and an infrared temperature sensor; Among them, the flash Joule thermal reactor is used to perform high-temperature treatment on the waste negative electrode material according to the instantaneous large current pulse provided by the heat storage and energy storage module; the atmosphere control box is used to provide a vacuum or inert gas environment for the flash Joule thermal reactor; the infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the operating temperature of the flash Joule thermal reactor.

7. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The pulse current intensity of the instantaneous large current pulse is 1A to 600A, the reaction time of the high-temperature rapid heating treatment is 0.1ms to 5s, and the operating temperature range of the flash Joule heat reactor is 200°C to 4000°C.

8. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The low-temperature pyrolysis reaction unit and the flash Joule heat reaction unit are both provided with a multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program, and the multi-stage pyrolysis reaction program can realize the processing in stages at multiple temperatures.

9. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The burner is also used to preheat the multi-organic solid waste, and the preheating temperature range of the burner is 100°C to 350°C.

10. The battery negative electrode high value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The battery negative electrode high-value regeneration system based on multi-source solid waste also includes an intelligent control module, which is used to coordinate the operation of the power generation module, the heat storage module and the reaction module to optimize energy distribution and reaction process efficiency.

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