Cross component composite additive manufacturing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite additive manufacturing device and method for a crossed component. The composite additive manufacturing device for the crossed component comprises a movement module, a main heat source module, a shaping module, a forging module and a head changing module. The cross member composite additive manufacturing method comprises the steps that the size of a cross member substrate is analyzed to replace a needed main heat source; the first initial straight arm section is subjected to laser scanning shaping to assist fuse wire / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing; stopping wire feeding / powder feeding at the first crossing section; a first tail straight arm section is subjected to laser scanning shaping to assist fuse wire / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing; second-pass full-range laser scanning shaping is carried out to assist fuse wire / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing; the pass sequence and the head-tail direction are exchanged between layers until manufacturing is completed; the method can effectively solve the problems of deformation continuity and flatness of the composite additive manufacturing high-quality cross member.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a device and method for composite additive manufacturing of cross-members. Background Art

[0002] As endurance requirements continue to increase in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace, cross-reinforcement rib structural designs that achieve equal strength and reduce weight have become standard.

[0003] Additive manufacturing is based on the principle of discrete stacking, and has the characteristics of high material utilization, short manufacturing cycle and high complexity. It can greatly reduce the overall processing volume of the back end and has significant advantages in the rapid manufacturing of cross structures. The main difficulty is that bulges and necking are prone to appear at the intersection of two-way overlaps, which seriously affect the forming quality after accumulation layer by layer. In addition, the introduction of multi-energy field composite enhancement further increases the difficulty of controlling the uniformity and consistency of the shape at the intersection.

[0004] In response to the above problems, the current control strategies mainly include: (1) the second pass is intermittent, and the cross overlap is directly stopped or swung in parallel to compensate for the necking; (2) the double pass is continuous, and the height difference is determined by current and voltage changes or visual monitoring, and the wire feeding speed, walking speed and matching current are controlled to compensate for the melting amount; (3) the arc path is tangent to the intersection; (4) high point milling. The above strategies have alleviated the protrusion or necking of the intersection to a certain extent, but there are problems such as manufacturing stop, width and height mismatch or low efficiency, which are difficult to directly transplant to achieve the synchronous deformation continuity and uniformity of multi-energy field composite additive manufacturing. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new cross-component composite additive manufacturing device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings and defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a composite additive manufacturing device and method for cross-components, which, combined with laser-assisted heat source synchronous scanning shaping and trajectory planning strategy, can effectively solve the deformation continuity and flatness problems of high-quality cross-components manufactured by composite additive manufacturing.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a cross-member composite additive manufacturing device, comprising a motion module, a main heat source module, a shaping module, a forging module and a head replacement module; wherein the motion module comprises a first six-axis robot arm (11) and a second six-axis robot arm (12); a rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61) is installed at the end of the first six-axis robot arm (11); a single pneumatic chuck (62) is installed at the end of the second six-axis robot arm (12); the main heat source module comprises a Tig welding system and a laser coaxial wire powder feeding system; the Tig welding system comprises a Tig power source, a Tig welding gun (21), a wire guide device (22), a wire feeder (23) and a hot wire power source (24); The Tig power supply provides power for the Tig welding gun (21), and the Tig welding gun (21) is connected to one end of the rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61); the laser coaxial wire powder feeding system comprises an additive laser, a powder feeder, a wire feeder (23) and an additive laser head (3); the positive pole of the hot wire power supply (24) is electrically connected to the wire guide device (22), and the negative pole of the hot wire power supply (24) is electrically connected to the cross-member substrate (9); the shaping module comprises a shaping laser and a shaping laser head (4), the shaping laser head (4) is arranged at the end of the shaping laser, and the shaping laser head (4) is connected to the other end of the rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61);

[0008] The forging module comprises a deformation mechanism (5); the deformation mechanism (5) can be set as a rolling roller, an ultrasonic impact rod or a laser impact head as required, and the deformation mechanism (5) acts on the component deposition layer (10) through contact or non-contact force, and the component deposition layer (10) is located above the cross component substrate (9); the head changing module comprises a transformation device and a fixing device; the transformation device comprises a tool head (71) and a four-axis tool (72); the fixing device comprises a clamping ring (81) and a tool holder (82), and the four-axis tool (72) is fixed to the top of the tool holder (82) through the clamping ring (81); the tool head (71) and the four-axis tool (72) are mechanically connected; the tool head (71) is connected to the end chuck of the motion module through pneumatic suction; the four-axis tool (72) can drive the end main heat source head to perform three-axis translation and single-axis rotation.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Tig welding gun (21) or the additive laser head (3) and the shaping laser head (4) are relatively positioned by means of a rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61) and a four-axis tooling (72), ensuring that the main melting heat source and the shaping auxiliary heat source are located in the same plane, and that the shaping laser head (4) is vertical, and that the angle between the main melting heat source and the shaping laser head (4) is 30° to 40°.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaping laser head (4) generates a transverse scanning continuous or pulsed laser through a galvanometer, which acts on the tail of the main heat source molten pool of the component deposition layer (10).

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the deformation mechanism (5) is connected to the tool head (71) through a single-axis tooling, and is installed at the end of the second six-axis robot arm (12) through a single pneumatic chuck (72); a pressure sensor is provided on the single-axis tooling to detect the reaction force exerted on the deformation mechanism (5) and to provide feedback to the second six-axis robot arm (12) for motion compensation.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the additive laser head (3) simultaneously delivers powder and metal wire to the laser molten pool area through a powder feeder and a wire feeder (23) to achieve multi-material additive manufacturing.

[0013] The present invention further provides a cross-member composite additive manufacturing method, which is implemented by using the cross-member composite additive manufacturing device in the above embodiment, and the cross-member composite additive manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step S1, analyzing the size of the cross member substrate to replace the required main heat source;

[0015] Step S2, the first initial straight arm segment laser scanning shaping assisted fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing;

[0016] Step S3, stopping wire feeding / powder feeding in the first intersection section;

[0017] Step S4, laser scanning and shaping of the straight arm segment at the end of the first pass to assist in fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing;

[0018] Step S5, second full-range laser scanning shaping assisted fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing;

[0019] Step S6, exchanging the pass sequence and the head-to-tail direction between layers until the manufacturing is completed.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-component substrate in step S1 is a single thin-walled substrate, and the size boundary rules include: 1-3 mm using laser coaxial powder feeding, 3-6 mm using laser coaxial wire feeding, and 6-12 mm using Tig side-axis wire feeding.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in steps S2 to S5, the laser scanning shaping auxiliary main heat source does not stay inside the pass and does not change parameters, the deformation mechanism moves synchronously and continuously in a suitable temperature zone behind the main heat source, and the intersection section is calculated according to the theoretical width edge of the component without additional extension overlap.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a cross member composite additive manufacturing device and method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) Traditional additive manufacturing equipment usually has difficulty in balancing the coordinated operation of multiple heat sources and the high efficiency of material deposition, resulting in low efficiency of additive manufacturing. The present invention achieves simultaneous optimization of multiple heat sources by introducing the joint operation of the main heat source module (Tig welding system and laser coaxial wire powder delivery system) and the shaping module (shaping laser head), so that material deposition and surface shaping can be carried out efficiently, while improving the manufacturing accuracy and process consistency of the components.

[0024] (2) In the prior art, the deposited layer produced by additive manufacturing is prone to irregular shapes and internal residual stress, which affects the performance of the component. The present invention innovatively combines a shaping laser and a forging module to perform real-time shaping and stress release on the deposited layer, thereby greatly improving the flatness and stability of the deposited layer, reducing cracks and deformation caused by residual stress, and significantly improving the reliability and quality of the component.

[0025] (3) In traditional additive manufacturing, processing components with complex structures often requires multiple clamping and adjustments, which makes the process complicated and difficult to ensure precision. The present invention uses the dual six-axis robotic arms and head-changing modules of the motion module, combined with the multifunctional chuck design, to achieve rapid head-changing and flexible adjustment of components during the manufacturing process, thereby being able to complete multiple complex process operations at one time, significantly simplifying the process flow and improving the flexibility and precision of processing complex components.

[0026] (4) Existing additive manufacturing equipment is usually limited to the processing capabilities of a single material, which limits its application in the field of multi-material component manufacturing. The present invention realizes the synchronous feeding of powder and metal wire through a laser coaxial wire-powder delivery system, which can meet the needs of simultaneous processing of multiple materials. This capability has greatly expanded the application scenarios of additive manufacturing, especially in the fields of high-performance components that require the combination of multiple materials such as aerospace and automobile manufacturing, providing broader possibilities for industrial applications.

[0027] (5) The main heat source for melting and the deformation mechanism move synchronously and continuously, which ensures the consistency of thermal conditions during the forming process and improves manufacturing efficiency. The scanning laser always shapes the molten pool of the main heat source to avoid necking in the intersection section. The first pass in the layer stops feeding the wire at the intersection section to avoid the deformation caused by the full forming of the first pass to the vertical subsequent forming pass, ensuring the deformation uniformity and flatness of the intersection section, and realizing the uniformity of the organizational performance of the efficient and high-precision composite additive manufacturing of the cross-component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A flow chart of a cross-member composite additive manufacturing method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a cross-member composite additive manufacturing device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cross-member composite additive manufacturing path provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first path of odd-numbered layers of composite additive manufacturing of a cross-member provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second path for composite additive manufacturing of odd-numbered layers of a cross-component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure numerals: first six-axis robot arm 11, second six-axis robot arm 12, Tig welding gun 21, wire guide device 22, wire feeder 23, hot wire power supply 24, additive laser head 3, shaping laser head 4, deformation mechanism 5, rotatable double pneumatic chuck 61, single pneumatic chuck 62, tool head 71, four-axis tooling 72, retaining ring 81, tool holder 82, cross-component substrate 9, component deposition layer 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] The present invention uses a first six-axis robot arm and a second six-axis robot arm to work together, wherein the end of the first robot arm is equipped with a rotatable double pneumatic chuck for installing a Tig welding gun or an additive laser head, as well as a shaping laser head, to achieve flexible switching and precise alignment of the main heat source and the shaping module. A single pneumatic chuck is installed at the end of the second robot arm, connected to the deformation mechanism of the forging module (such as a roller or an ultrasonic impact rod), which is used to act on the component deposition layer in real time. Through the synchronous operation of the multi-axis robot arm, additive manufacturing, shaping and forging operations of complex paths can be realized to ensure processing accuracy and component surface quality.

[0037] The main heat source module combines the Tig welding system with the laser coaxial wire-powder delivery system. The Tig welding gun generates high temperature to melt the metal wire through the electric arc, and further increases the temperature of the molten pool with the support of the hot wire power supply to ensure efficient fusion of the metal wire and the component substrate. The laser coaxial wire-powder delivery system provides high energy density melting powder and metal wire through the additive laser, and cooperates with the powder feeder and wire feeder to achieve high-precision, multi-material deposition process in the laser molten pool area. This dual main heat source design can not only meet the efficient manufacturing needs of large-size components, but also achieve local high-precision material deposition.

[0038] The shaping module consists of a shaping laser and a shaping laser head. The shaping laser head generates a continuous or pulsed laser with transverse scanning through a galvanometer, which acts on the tail of the main heat source molten pool. The shaping laser performs thermal shaping on the deposited layer to eliminate residual stress and improve the surface flatness of the deposited layer. The shaping laser head is kept in the same plane as the main heat source through the relative position adjustment of the rotatable double pneumatic chuck and the four-axis tooling to ensure the consistency of the processing path. At the same time, the main heat source is melted and the shaping laser head is kept at an optimal angle of 30° to 40° to improve the shaping efficiency.

[0039] The deformation mechanism of the forging module can be configured as a roller, an ultrasonic impact rod or a laser impact head according to the process requirements, and acts on the surface of the component deposition layer in a contact or non-contact manner to improve the surface density and mechanical properties. The deformation mechanism is connected to the cutter head through a single-axis tooling and is equipped with a pressure sensor to detect the applied reaction force, and to provide real-time feedback to the second six-axis robotic arm to perform motion compensation to ensure the stability of the deformation process. The head replacement module is connected to the cutter head through pneumatic suction, and the four-axis tooling drives the main heat source head to achieve three-axis translation and single-axis rotation, which can flexibly switch the heat source and tools to meet the processing requirements of complex components. Through the collaborative work of each module, the present invention realizes efficient integrated operations of additive manufacturing, shaping and forging.

[0040] Example of industrial application: Manufacturing of multi-material nozzles. A nozzle of a high-temperature alloy and copper alloy composite material is manufactured using the device of the present invention. The equipment includes a Tig welding system, a laser coaxial wire powder delivery system, and a shaping and forging module. The dual six-axis robotic arms of the motion module are equipped with dual pneumatic chucks and single pneumatic chucks to ensure processing accuracy and head change efficiency. (1) The copper alloy substrate is preliminarily deposited by the Tig welding system, and the high-temperature alloy material is deposited on its surface in combination with the laser coaxial wire powder delivery system; (2) The deposited layer is scanned and shaped by a shaping laser to ensure the surface flatness of the bonding area between the high-temperature alloy and the copper alloy material. (3) The ultrasonic impact rod of the forging module is used to strengthen the contact area to improve the interface bonding performance of the composite material. (4) The position of the laser shaping head and the forging module is adjusted by the head change module to complete the processing of the nozzle. The test results show that the bonding strength between the high-temperature alloy and the copper alloy is significantly improved, meeting the requirements of the hot end components for thermal conductivity and high-temperature strength.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, a schematic structural diagram of a cross-member composite additive manufacturing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a motion module, a main heat source module, a shaping module, a forging module and a head replacement module. The motion module includes a first six-axis robot 11 and a second six-axis robot 12; a rotatable double pneumatic chuck 61 is installed at the end of the first six-axis robot 11; a single pneumatic chuck 62 is installed at the end of the second six-axis robot 12. The main heat source module includes a Tig welding system and a laser coaxial wire powder feeding system; the Tig welding system includes a Tig power supply, a Tig welding gun 21, a wire guide device 22, a wire feeder 23 and a hot wire power supply 24; the Tig power supply provides power to the Tig welding gun 21, and the Tig welding gun 21 is connected to one end of the rotatable double pneumatic chuck 61. The laser coaxial wire-powder co-feeding system includes an additive laser, a powder feeder, a wire feeder 23 and an additive laser head 3; the positive pole of the hot wire power supply 24 is electrically connected to the wire guide device 22, and the negative pole of the hot wire power supply 24 is electrically connected to the cross-member substrate 9.

[0042] The shaping module includes a shaping laser and a shaping laser head 4. The shaping laser head 4 is arranged at the end of the shaping laser. The shaping laser head 4 is connected to the other end of the rotatable double pneumatic chuck 61. The forging module includes a deformation mechanism 5; the deformation mechanism 5 is connected to the single pneumatic chuck 62. The deformation mechanism 5 can be set as a roller, an ultrasonic impact rod, a laser impact head, etc. as required, and acts on the component deposition layer 10 through contact or non-contact force. The component deposition layer 10 is located above the cross component substrate 9. The head replacement module includes a conversion device and a fixing device; the conversion device includes a tool head 71 and a four-axis tool 72; the fixing device includes a clamping ring 81 and a tool holder 82; the four-axis tool 72 is fixed to the top of the tool holder 82 through the clamping ring 81, and the tool head 71 and the four-axis tool 72 are mechanically connected; the tool head 71 is connected to the end chuck of the motion module through pneumatic suction. The four-axis tool 72 can drive the end main heat source head to perform three-axis translation and single-axis rotation, and the additive laser head 3 is connected to the four-axis tool 72.

[0043] The Tig welding gun 21 or the additive laser head 3 and the shaping laser head 4 are relatively positioned by means of a rotatable double pneumatic chuck 61 and a four-axis tooling 72 to ensure that the main melting heat source and the shaping auxiliary heat source are located in the same plane, and the shaping laser head 4 is vertical, and the angle between the main melting heat source and the shaping laser head 4 is 30° to 40°.

[0044] The shaping laser head 4 of this embodiment generates a transverse scanning continuous or pulsed laser through a galvanometer, which acts on the tail of the main heat source molten pool. The deformation mechanism 5 is connected to the tool head 71 through a single-axis tooling, and is installed at the end of the second six-axis robot arm 12 through a single pneumatic chuck 62; a pressure sensor is provided on the single-axis tooling to detect the reaction force on the deformation mechanism 5 and feed back to the second six-axis robot arm 12 for motion compensation.

[0045] According to a cross-member composite additive manufacturing device in the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a cross-member composite additive manufacturing method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cross member composite additive manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step S1, analyzing the size of the cross member substrate to replace the required main heat source;

[0047] Step S2, the first initial straight arm segment laser scanning shaping assisted fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing;

[0048] Step S3, stopping wire feeding / powder feeding in the first intersection section;

[0049] Step S4, laser scanning and shaping of the straight arm segment at the end of the first pass to assist in fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing;

[0050] Step S5, second full-range laser scanning shaping assisted fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing;

[0051] Step S6, exchanging the pass sequence and the head-to-tail direction between layers until the manufacturing is completed.

[0052] Preferably, the cross component substrate in step S1 is a single-pass thin-walled substrate, and the size boundary rules include: 1-3 mm using laser coaxial powder feeding, 3-6 mm using laser coaxial wire feeding, and 6-12 mm using Tig side-axis wire feeding. In steps S2 to S5, the laser scanning shaping auxiliary main heat source does not stay inside the pass and does not change the parameters, the deformation mechanism moves synchronously and continuously in the appropriate temperature zone behind the main heat source, and the cross section is calculated according to the theoretical width edge of the component without additional extension overlap.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Laser powder feeding composite additive manufacturing 3mm thick 15-5PH stainless steel cross member. Length 100mm, height 10mm.

[0055] The rotatable double pneumatic chuck 61 is used to replace the additive laser head 3 from the tool holder 82, and the raw material is 15-5PH powder. The main heat source additive parameters are set as follows: laser power 1400W, travel speed 360mm / min, powder feeding speed 15g / min. The auxiliary heat source shaping parameters are set as follows: continuous laser power 800W, spot diameter 1mm, transverse symmetrical scanning amplitude 1.5mm, scanning speed 100mm / s. The deformation uses a roller with a roller diameter of 10mm, a deformation amount of 30%, and a deformation temperature of 950℃~1000℃. The position of the deformation mechanism is adjusted by auxiliary feedback of an infrared thermal imager.

[0056] Manufacturing track Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the laser scanning shaping auxiliary main heat source does not stay inside the pass and does not change the parameters, and the deformation mechanism moves synchronously and continuously behind the main heat source. Among them, the powder feeding is stopped in the ab intersection section in the first track of the odd-numbered layer, and the powder feeding is stopped in the dc intersection section in the first track of the even-numbered layer. In addition, the four points a, b, c, and d of the intersection section are calculated according to the theoretical width edge of the component, without additional extension overlap.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Tig arc wire feeding composite additive manufacturing 10mm thick TC4 titanium alloy cross member. Length 100mm, height 15mm.

[0059] The rotatable double pneumatic chuck 61 is used to replace the Tig welding gun 21 from the tool holder 82. The raw material is TC4 welding wire with a wire diameter of 1.2mm. The main heat source additive parameters are set as follows: welding current 210A, travel speed 300mm / min, wire feeding speed 4m. / min, hot wire current 100A. The auxiliary heat source shaping parameters are set as follows: continuous laser power 1000W, spot diameter 2mm, transverse symmetrical scanning amplitude 5mm, scanning speed 1m / s. The deformation uses a roller with a roller diameter of 28mm, a deformation amount of 40%, and a deformation temperature of 900℃~950℃. The position of the deformation mechanism is adjusted by auxiliary feedback of an infrared thermal imager.

[0060] Manufacturing track Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, the laser scanning shaping auxiliary main heat source does not stay inside the pass and does not change the parameters, and the deformation mechanism moves synchronously and continuously behind the main heat source. Among them, the powder feeding is stopped in the ab intersection section in the first track of the odd-numbered layer, and the powder feeding is stopped in the dc intersection section in the first track of the even-numbered layer. In addition, the four points a, b, c, and d of the intersection section are calculated according to the theoretical width edge of the component, without additional extension overlap.

[0061] In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A cross-member composite additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a motion module, a main heat source module, a shaping module, a forging module and a head replacement module; wherein the motion module comprises a first six-axis robot arm (11) and a second six-axis robot arm (12); a rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61) is installed at the end of the first six-axis robot arm (11); a single pneumatic chuck (62) is installed at the end of the second six-axis robot arm (12); the main heat source module comprises a Tig welding system and a laser coaxial wire powder feeding system; the Tig welding system comprises a Tig power source, a Tig welding gun (21), a wire guide device (22), a wire feeder (23) and a hot wire power source (24); the Tig power source is the Ti The Tig welding gun (21) provides power, and the Tig welding gun (21) is connected to one end of the rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61); the laser coaxial wire powder feeding system comprises an additive laser, a powder feeder, a wire feeder (23) and an additive laser head (3); the positive pole of the hot wire power supply (24) is electrically connected to the wire guide device (22), and the negative pole of the hot wire power supply (24) is electrically connected to the cross member substrate (9); the shaping module comprises a shaping laser and a shaping laser head (4), the shaping laser head (4) is arranged at the end of the shaping laser, and the shaping laser head (4) is connected to the other end of the rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61); The forging module comprises a deformation mechanism (5); the deformation mechanism (5) can be set as a rolling roller, an ultrasonic impact rod or a laser impact head as required, and the deformation mechanism (5) acts on the component deposition layer (10) through contact or non-contact force, and the component deposition layer (10) is located above the cross component substrate (9); the head changing module comprises a transformation device and a fixing device; the transformation device comprises a tool head (71) and a four-axis tool (72); the fixing device comprises a clamping ring (81) and a tool holder (82), and the four-axis tool (72) is fixed to the top of the tool holder (82) through the clamping ring (81); the tool head (71) and the four-axis tool (72) are mechanically connected; the tool head (71) is connected to the end chuck of the motion module through pneumatic suction; the four-axis tool (72) can drive the end main heat source head to perform three-axis translation and single-axis rotation.

2. A cross-member composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Tig welding gun (21) or the additive laser head (3) and the shaping laser head (4) are relatively positioned by means of a rotatable double pneumatic chuck (61) and a four-axis tooling (72) to ensure that the main melting heat source and the shaping auxiliary heat source are located in the same plane, and that the shaping laser head (4) is vertical, and that the angle between the main melting heat source and the shaping laser head (4) is 30° to 40°.

3. The cross member composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaping laser head (4) generates a transverse scanning continuous or pulsed laser through a galvanometer, which acts on the tail of the main heat source molten pool of the component deposition layer (10).

4. The cross member composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation mechanism (5) is connected to the tool head (71) via a single-axis tooling and is mounted on the end of the second six-axis robot arm (12) via a single pneumatic chuck (72); a pressure sensor is provided on the single-axis tooling for detecting the reaction force exerted on the deformation mechanism (5) and providing feedback to the second six-axis robot arm (12) for motion compensation.

5. The cross member composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The additive laser head (3) simultaneously delivers powder and metal wire to the laser molten pool area through a powder feeder and a wire feeder (23) to achieve multi-material additive manufacturing.

6. A method for composite additive manufacturing of cross-members, characterized in that: The cross-member composite additive manufacturing method is implemented by the cross-member composite additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the cross-member composite additive manufacturing method comprises the following steps: Step S1, analyzing the size of the cross member substrate to replace the required main heat source; Step S2, the first initial straight arm segment laser scanning shaping assisted fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing; Step S3, stopping wire feeding / powder feeding in the first intersection section; Step S4, laser scanning and shaping of the straight arm segment at the end of the first pass to assist in fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing; Step S5, second full-range laser scanning shaping assisted fuse / powder feeding composite additive manufacturing; Step S6, exchanging the pass sequence and the head-to-tail direction between layers until the manufacturing is completed.

7. A method for composite additive manufacturing of cross-members according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross-component substrate in step S1 is a single-channel thin-walled substrate, and the size boundary rules include: 1-3 mm using laser coaxial powder feeding, 3-6 mm using laser coaxial wire feeding, and 6-12 mm using Tig side-axis wire feeding.

8. A method for composite additive manufacturing of cross-members according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2 to step S5, the laser scanning shaping auxiliary main heat source does not stay inside the pass and does not change parameters. The deformation mechanism moves synchronously and continuously in the appropriate temperature zone behind the main heat source. The intersection section is calculated according to the theoretical width edge of the component without additional extension overlap.

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