Bottom protection plate for vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to an automotive bottom protection plate which comprises an avoiding structure and a protection plate body structure, and a first through hole is formed in the middle of the avoiding structure; the protection plate main body structure is detachably connected with the avoiding structure, and the avoiding structure corresponds to the edge area of the first surface of the protection plate main body structure in position. According to the design, the first through hole formed in the middle of the avoiding structure can enable the protection plate main body structure to adapt to the installation of the bottom of the battery, and the avoiding structure and the protection plate main body structure are detachably connected, so that the avoiding structure can be disassembled, assembled and replaced according to the actual condition of the battery, and the application range of the bottom protection plate is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a bottom guard plate for a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of electric vehicles, batteries are generally installed under the chassis of the vehicle, while liquid cooling plates, as the heat dissipation structure of batteries, are usually installed at the bottom of the batteries. In the process of vehicle driving, in order to prevent the batteries from being hit or scratched, a bottom guard plate is often added at the bottom of the batteries.

[0003] Due to the raised structure at the bottom of the battery, the current bottom guard plate cannot be adapted to the bottom of the battery during installation, which affects the protective performance of the bottom guard plate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a vehicle bottom guard plate, which ensures the protective effect while preventing the battery structure from being squeezed.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a vehicle bottom guard plate, comprising:

[0006] An avoidance structure, wherein a first through hole is provided in the middle of the avoidance structure;

[0007] A guard plate main body structure, wherein the guard plate main body structure is detachably connected to the avoidance structure, and the avoidance structure corresponds to the edge area position of the first surface of the guard plate main body structure.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of second through holes are formed on the avoidance structure, and the second through holes penetrate the main structure, and the second through holes are used for fasteners to pass through.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, from the direction close to the avoidance structure to the direction away from the avoidance structure, the guard plate main body structure sequentially includes a first protective layer, a supporting layer and a second protective layer, the first protective layer and the second protective layer are arranged on two opposite sides of the supporting layer, the surface of the first protective layer facing the avoidance structure constitutes the first surface, and the projections of the first protective layer and the second protective layer on the plane where the first surface is located both cover the projection of the supporting layer on the plane where the first surface is located.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, at least one third through hole is formed on the support layer, and the first protective layer and the second protective layer are connected to form a component structure through the at least one third through hole.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the main structure also includes a frame portion, which is arranged between the first protective layer and the second protective layer. A fourth through hole is opened in the middle of the frame portion, and the shape of the fourth through hole is adapted to the shape of the supporting layer. The thickness of the frame portion is adapted to the thickness of the supporting layer.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the top surface of the frame portion and the first protective layer form an integral structure, and the bottom surface of the frame portion and the second protective layer form an integral structure.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the avoidance structure and the frame portion are both made of flame-retardant materials and resin materials, and the first protective layer and the second protective layer are both made of fiber-reinforced resin materials.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the mass proportion of the flame retardant material in the frame portion is 6%-64%.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the first protective layer includes at least one fiber-reinforced resin layer, and the second protective layer includes at least one fiber-reinforced resin layer.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, both the first protective layer and the second protective layer satisfy the following conditions:

[0017]

[0018] Wherein, h is the thickness of the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in mm;

[0019] ρ1 is the density of the fibers in the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in g / cm 3 ;

[0020] ρ2 is the resin matrix density in the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in g / cm 3 ;

[0021] W is the mass fraction of the fiber in the fiber-reinforced resin layer;

[0022] n is the number of the fiber-reinforced resin layers in the first protective layer, or n is the number of the fiber-reinforced resin layers in the second protective layer.

[0023] The vehicle bottom guard plate provided in this application can achieve the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] The vehicle bottom guard plate provided in the present application is provided with an avoidance structure having a first through hole in the middle portion, and the guard plate main structure is stably installed on the bottom of the battery through the avoidance structure, thereby ensuring the overall mechanical strength of the bottom guard plate and further ensuring the protective effect of the guard plate main structure; by providing a detachable connection between the avoidance structure and the guard plate main structure, different avoidance structures can be selected for replacement according to the specific conditions of the bottom of the battery, or it can be selected whether to install the avoidance structure, thereby expanding the scope of application of the bottom guard plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification to illustrate embodiments of the present application and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present application. In these drawings, similar reference numerals are used to represent similar elements. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the layer structure of a bottom guard plate for a vehicle shown in one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a support layer shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another support layer shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 100, avoidance structure; 110, first through hole; 120, second through hole;

[0031] 200, main structure of the guard plate; 210, first protective layer; 220, supporting layer; 2210, third through hole; 230, second protective layer; 240, frame portion; 2410, fourth through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

[0033] As the core component of electric vehicles, batteries are generally installed under the chassis of the vehicle, while liquid cooling plates, as the heat dissipation structure of batteries, are usually installed at the bottom of batteries. In order to prevent noise or damage caused by the impact of the bottom guard plate on the liquid cooling plate, buffer materials are often provided at the bottom of the battery. Since the buffer material is raised compared to the bottom of the battery, when the bottom guard plate is installed, the raised structure will cause the bottom guard plate to be unable to fit with the bottom of the battery, and the edge of the bottom guard plate is prone to damage and deformation, affecting its protective effect. If sealing rings and other structures are added at the edge, the raw material cost will increase and the process will be cumbersome.

[0034] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application sets an avoidance structure with a first through hole in the middle part, and the guard plate main structure is stably installed on the bottom of the battery through the avoidance structure, thereby ensuring the overall mechanical strength of the bottom guard plate, and further ensuring the protective effect of the guard plate main structure; by setting the avoidance structure and the guard plate main structure to be detachably connected, different avoidance structures can be selected to be replaced according to the specific situation of the bottom of the battery, or it can be selected whether to install the avoidance structure, thereby expanding the scope of use of the bottom guard plate.

[0035] The vehicle bottom guard plate provided according to the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] It should be noted that Figures 1 to 3 The extension direction of the plane where the x-axis and y-axis are located is the horizontal direction, and the z-axis direction is the vertical direction.

[0037] An exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle bottom guard plate, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle bottom guard plate includes an avoidance structure 100 and a guard plate main structure 200, wherein a first through hole 110 is opened in the middle of the avoidance structure 100, the avoidance structure 100 and the guard plate main structure 200 are detachably connected, and the avoidance structure 100 corresponds to the edge area position of the first surface of the guard plate main structure 200, that is, the outer edge of the avoidance structure 100 is flush with the outer edge of the guard plate main structure 200.

[0038] In the present embodiment, the avoidance structure 100 is a frame-shaped structure, and the thickness of the avoidance structure 100 is greater than the thickness of the protruding structure at the bottom of the battery. With such a design, the first through hole 110 opened in the middle of the avoidance structure 100 can effectively realize the stable connection between the guard plate main structure 200 and the bottom of the battery, thereby avoiding functional damage to the guard plate main structure 200 caused by the height difference. In addition, by providing a detachable connection between the avoidance structure 100 and the guard plate main structure 200, different avoidance structures 100 can be selected for replacement according to the specific situation of the bottom of the battery, or whether to install the avoidance structure 100 can be selected, thereby expanding the scope of use of the bottom guard plate.

[0039] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the avoidance structure 100 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 120, and the second through holes 120 penetrate the guard plate main structure 200, that is, the guard plate main structure 200 is provided with corresponding second through holes 120, and the second through holes 120 are used for fasteners to pass through, and the fasteners pass through the second through holes 120 to achieve the connection between the avoidance structure 100 and the guard plate main structure 200, and the fasteners can also achieve the connection between the bottom guard plate and the vehicle battery through the second through holes 120, and the fasteners are, for example, screws, bolts, nuts, etc., which are not limited here.

[0040] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 , in the z-axis direction, and in the direction from close to the avoidance structure 100 to far away from the avoidance structure 100, the guard plate main body structure 200 sequentially includes a first protective layer 210, a supporting layer 220 and a second protective layer 230, the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 are arranged on both sides of the supporting layer 220 along the z-axis direction, and the surface of the first protective layer 210 facing the avoidance structure 100 constitutes the first surface, that is, the first protective layer 210 is in contact with the avoidance structure 100, and the projections of the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 in the z-axis direction both cover the projection of the supporting layer 220 in the z-axis direction, and the area of ​​the supporting layer 220 is smaller than that of the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230, and is coated between the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230.

[0041] In this embodiment, the support layer 220 can provide support strength for the guard plate main body structure 200, while the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 provide impact resistance for the guard plate main body. Since the support layer 220 is completely covered by the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230, the support layer 220 is prevented from being corroded or having properties changed by contact with the outside world, and the support layer 220 is also prevented from being displaced during the process of pressurizing and closing the mold, thereby ensuring the performance stability of the vehicle bottom guard plate.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, at least one third through hole 2210 is formed on the support layer 220, and the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 are connected to form a component structure through the third through hole 2210. Figure 2 As shown, the third through hole 2210 may be a circular through hole, and a plurality of third through holes 2210 are arranged dispersedly on the support layer 220; the third through hole 2210 may also be arranged as a rectangular through hole, such as Figure 3 As shown, a third rectangular through hole 2210 with the same extension direction as the long side of the supporting layer 220 is opened in the middle of the supporting layer 220; of course, the third through hole 2210 can also be set to an elliptical shape, a cross shape, etc., and the number and extension direction can also be set by technical personnel in this field according to actual needs, all within the protection scope of the present application.

[0043] By opening the third through hole 2210 on the support layer 220, the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 can be connected to form a component structure through the third through hole 2210, thereby improving the overall structural strength of the bottom guard plate and effectively reducing the occurrence of delamination. When the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 are made of fiber-reinforced resin materials, during the heating and pressurizing mold closing process, part of the fibers and the resin matrix of the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 can pass through the third through hole 2210 and be connected to form an integrated structure after curing, further increasing the overall strength.

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the main structure also includes a frame portion 240, which is arranged between the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 and arranged around the supporting layer 220. A fourth through hole 2410 is opened in the middle of the frame portion 240, and the shape of the fourth through hole 2410 is adapted to the shape of the supporting layer 220, and the thickness of the frame portion 240 is adapted to the thickness of the supporting layer 220.

[0045] It should be noted that the shape adaptation here means that the support layer 220 can just fit into the fourth through hole 2410 of the frame portion 240, and the thickness adaptation means that the thickness of the frame portion 240 is equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the support layer 220. In addition, the frame portion 240 in this embodiment can be prepared by opening the fourth through hole 2410 in the middle of the plate-like structure, or can be formed by splicing strip structures, and the middle of the spliced ​​strip structures are enclosed to form the fourth through hole 2410, both of which are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] With such a design, the frame portion 240 protects the support layer 220 , especially the edge of the support layer 220 , thereby preventing the edge of the support layer 220 from oxidation failure and offsetting the effect of the thickness of the support layer 220 on the connection between the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 .

[0047] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 Under heating and pressurization, the top surface of the frame portion 240 forms an integrated structure with the first protective layer 210, and the bottom surface of the frame portion 240 forms an integrated structure with the second protective layer 230. The stable connection between the structures is ensured, and the integrated structure increases the overall structural strength of the bottom guard plate.

[0048] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 The width of the frame portion 240 is greater than 40 mm, and the width of the frame portion 240 refers to the distance from the edge of the fourth through hole 2410 to the outer edge of the frame portion 240.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 are both made of resin materials, and flame retardant materials are added to the resin materials. It should be noted that the resin materials of the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 do not include fibers; and the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 are both fiber-reinforced resin materials.

[0050] First, when a fire occurs at the battery, since the avoidance structure 100 is in direct contact with the battery and the second protective layer 230 is connected to the avoidance structure 100 through the frame portion 240, the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 with flame retardant function can ensure that the bottom guard plate will not disintegrate and fall off to a certain extent, thereby effectively avoiding the spread of fire. Therefore, flame retardant materials are added to the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240. The flame retardant materials include aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, expanded graphite, borates, aluminum oxalate, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0051] Secondly, the material of the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 is different from that of the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230, and the resin material of the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 does not contain fibers. Since the fibers in the fiber-reinforced resin material are prone to cause the "wick effect", the wick effect is specifically that when the candle is lit, the wick has a guiding function, and the melted liquid flows along the wick to the direction of high temperature, and the top of the wick is close to the flame, with the highest temperature, so that the liquid is then vaporized and burned, and the heat generated by the combustion prompts the liquid to continue to be transported upward for vaporization and combustion, forming a cycle, which enhances the combustion effect, that is, the fibers in the fiber-reinforced resin material are equivalent to the "wick", which will intensify the combustion effect. In this embodiment, by setting the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 resin material to not contain fibers, the formation of the wick effect can be avoided, and the influence of the fibers on the flame retardant effect can be further avoided.

[0052] In summary, by setting the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 to be a resin material and adding a flame retardant material to the resin material, the fire resistance of the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 is greatly improved with only a small impact on the mechanical strength of the bottom guard plate, thereby reducing the melting of the bottom guard plate in a burning state, thereby reducing the occurrence of disintegration and falling.

[0053] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The mass proportion of the flame retardant material in the frame portion 240 is 6%-64%. The flame retardant material within this mass range can achieve an effective flame retardant effect while ensuring that it does not affect the overall performance of the frame portion 240.

[0054] In some embodiments, when other parameters are the same, the relationship between the mass fraction (in %) of the flame retardant material added to the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 and the overall flame retardant performance of the bottom guard plate is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] The flame retardant grade in the above table refers to the property of the substance or the material after treatment to significantly delay the spread of flame, and the grade system is divided based on this. The flame retardant grade of plastics increases step by step from HB, V-2, V-1 to V-0. HB has the worst flame retardant effect and V-0 has the best flame retardant effect.

[0057] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 Other functional materials can also be added to the avoidance structure 100 and the frame part 240 of the resin material. For example, anti-ultraviolet effect can be achieved by adding light stabilizers, anti-ultraviolet agents, etc.; anti-aging effect can be achieved by adding nano-silicon dioxide, silicon dioxide, etc.; water-repellent effect can also be achieved by adding water-repellent materials, etc. Those skilled in the art can make settings according to actual needs and will not go into details here.

[0058] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The support layer 220 is made of metal materials, such as aluminum alloy, carbon steel, etc., to provide support strength for the bottom guard plate and meet the impact resistance requirements of the bottom guard plate.

[0059] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first protective layer 210 includes at least one fiber reinforced resin layer, and the second protective layer 230 includes at least one fiber reinforced resin layer, that is, the first protective layer 210 can be composed of one or more fiber reinforced resin layers. When laying during the preparation process, the number of fiber reinforced resin layers can be selected according to actual needs.

[0060] At present, the bottom guard of automobiles is usually made of stamped metal plates, such as steel plates or aluminum plates. However, the weight of metal materials is relatively large, which affects the endurance of electric vehicles. In addition, if the bottom guard of metal materials is deformed or broken when subjected to strong impact, it will cause secondary damage to the components at the bottom of the car. In addition, anti-corrosion treatment will also increase the process and cost. Although the bottom guard of fiber-reinforced resin materials effectively reduces the weight, it has problems such as poor high temperature resistance, no flame retardant effect, poor durability, poor impact resistance, and cracking and deformation during use. Therefore, the two are combined, using fiber materials as the main body and metal materials for local reinforcement, which increases the mechanical properties of the bottom guard and improves the service life.

[0061] In some embodiments, the multiple fiber-reinforced resin layers in the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 can be staggered with multiple unidirectional prepreg tapes, that is, there is a certain angle between the fiber extension directions in adjacent fiber-reinforced resin layers. Such a design ensures the structural strength of the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 in all directions.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the fiber and resin matrix materials in the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 can be the same or different. The resin matrix of the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 is, for example, one of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene, polyamide, etc., or a combination of multiple thereof; the fiber of the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 is, for example, continuous glass fiber, untwisted (weakly twisted) glass fiber yarn, glass fiber fabric, etc., and those skilled in the art can select them according to actual needs, which will not be described in detail here.

[0063] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, both the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 satisfy the following conditions:

[0064]

[0065] Wherein, h is the thickness of the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in mm;

[0066] ρ1 is the density of the fiber in the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in g / cm 3 ;

[0067] ρ2 is the density of the resin matrix in the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in g / cm 3 ;

[0068] W is the mass fraction of fibers in the fiber-reinforced resin layer;

[0069] n is the number of fiber-reinforced resin layers in the first protective layer 210 , or n is the number of fiber-reinforced resin layers in the second protective layer 230 .

[0070] Data from multiple experiments show that the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 within the above range have better appearance and better mechanical properties, and will not have problems such as dry yarn and white spots. At the same time, the overall structural strength is guaranteed, thereby ensuring that the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer will not fail when bonded to the support layer 220 through the adhesive film, thereby avoiding problems such as stratification during use.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 both meet the following conditions, the overall performance of the bottom guard plate is better:

[0072]

[0073] In some embodiments, When the thickness of the frame portion 240 is 0.8 mm, the thickness of the support layer 220 is 0.8 mm, and the thickness of the avoidance structure 100 is 2 mm, the relationship between the measured k and the tensile performance, bending performance and impact depression depth of the bottom guard plate is shown in the following table:

[0074]

[0075] The vehicle bottom guard plate provided in the present application ensures that the guard plate main structure 200 protects the battery while adapting to the installation of the guard plate main structure 200 by setting an avoidance structure 100 with a first through hole 110 in the middle; the fireproof performance of the bottom guard plate is improved by setting the avoidance structure 100 and the frame portion 240 to a resin material with flame retardant material added and without fiber; the bonding strength between the first protective layer 210 and the second protective layer 230 and the supporting layer 220 is ensured by the calculation method and numerical range of the design parameter k, thereby improving the overall structural strength of the bottom guard plate.

[0076] The contents described above may be implemented individually or in combination in various ways, and these variations are all within the protection scope of this application.

[0077] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0078] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0079] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0080] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0082] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle bottom guard plate, characterized in that: include: An avoidance structure, wherein a first through hole is provided in the middle of the avoidance structure; A guard plate main body structure, wherein the guard plate main body structure is detachably connected to the avoidance structure, and the avoidance structure corresponds to the edge area position of the first surface of the guard plate main body structure.

2. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The avoidance structure is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the second through holes penetrate through the guard plate main structure, and the second through holes are used for fasteners to pass through.

3. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: From the direction close to the avoidance structure to the direction away from the avoidance structure, the guard plate main structure includes a first protective layer, a supporting layer and a second protective layer in sequence, the first protective layer and the second protective layer are arranged on two opposite sides of the supporting layer, the surface of the first protective layer facing the avoidance structure constitutes the first surface, and the projections of the first protective layer and the second protective layer on the plane where the first surface is located both cover the projection of the supporting layer on the plane where the first surface is located.

4. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one third through hole is formed on the support layer, and the first protective layer and the second protective layer are connected to form a component structure through the at least one third through hole.

5. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main structure also includes a frame portion, which is arranged between the first protective layer and the second protective layer. A fourth through hole is opened in the middle of the frame portion. The shape of the fourth through hole is adapted to the shape of the supporting layer, and the thickness of the frame portion is adapted to the thickness of the supporting layer.

6. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the frame portion and the first protective layer form an integral structure, and the bottom surface of the frame portion and the second protective layer form an integral structure.

7. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The avoidance structure and the frame portion are both made of resin material, and flame retardant material is added to the resin material; the first protective layer and the second protective layer are both made of fiber-reinforced resin material.

8. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass proportion of the flame retardant material in the frame portion is 6%-64%.

9. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first protective layer includes at least one fiber-reinforced resin layer, and the second protective layer includes at least one fiber-reinforced resin layer.

10. The vehicle bottom guard plate according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first protective layer and the second protective layer both meet the following conditions: Wherein, h is the thickness of the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in mm; ρ1 is the density of the fibers in the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in g / cm 3 ; ρ2 is the resin matrix density in the fiber-reinforced resin layer, in g / cm 3 ; W is the mass fraction of the fiber in the fiber-reinforced resin layer; n is the number of the fiber-reinforced resin layers in the first protective layer, or n is the number of the fiber-reinforced resin layers in the second protective layer.

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