Sand box system for a rail vehicle and method for designing a sand box system for a rail vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a sand box system for rail vehicles, its design method, and the rail vehicle itself, relating to the field of vehicle engineering technology. The sand box system for rail vehicles includes: a sand box comprising an upper conical structure, a middle cylindrical structure, and a lower conical structure connected sequentially from top to bottom. The small-diameter end of the upper conical structure is at the top, and the small-diameter end of the lower conical structure is at the bottom. Both the upper and lower conical structures have circular cross-sections perpendicular to the axial direction. Multiple lifting lugs are sequentially fixed circumferentially to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure. A sand injection cylinder is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure and communicates with the interior of the sand box. The outer circumference of the upper conical structure provides sufficient clearance and installation space for installing the lifting lugs and the sand injection cylinder. This allows the lifting lugs and the upper conical structure to share some space in the vertical direction, eliminating the need for the lifting lugs to be completely located on the top surface of the sand box and higher than the sand box itself, thus improving the utilization rate of vertical space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle engineering technology, and in particular to a sand box system for rail vehicles, its design method, and rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In an existing sand box system for rail vehicles, a rectangular sand box is used. This structure is relatively regular, with lifting lugs located on the top surface of the sand box to connect to the car body. Since the sand box and lifting lugs occupy vertical space, the utilization rate of vertical space by the sand box is reduced, limiting the sand box capacity.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of vertical space in sandboxes is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand box system for rail vehicles and its design method, as well as a rail vehicle, which can improve the utilization rate of vertical space by the sand box.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A sand box system for rail vehicles includes: a sand box comprising an upper conical structure, a middle cylindrical structure, and a lower conical structure connected sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the small diameter end of the upper conical structure is at the upper end and the small diameter end of the lower conical structure is at the lower end, and both the upper and lower conical structures have circular cross-sections perpendicular to the axial direction; a plurality of lifting lugs sequentially fixed circumferentially to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure; and a sand injection cylinder fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure and communicating with the interior of the sand box.

[0007] For example, the sand injection cylinder extends gradually downward along the direction close to the upper conical structure.

[0008] For example, the top of the sand injection cylinder is an arc-shaped wall, and the center line of the arc-shaped wall is along the extension direction of the sand injection cylinder.

[0009] For example, a sand level display window is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the central cylindrical structure, and the sand level display window is located directly below the sand injection cylinder; an electronic sand level display device is also connected to the outer circumferential surface of the central cylindrical structure.

[0010] For example, the centerline of the lower conical structure is located on the first axis and is collinear or parallel to the second axis; the centerline of the upper conical structure and the centerline of the middle cylindrical structure are collinear and are both located on the second axis; the acute angle between the line connecting the bottom surface of the lower conical structure and the first intersection point of the first axis, the top surface of the upper conical structure and the second intersection point of the second axis, and the second axis is not greater than 5°.

[0011] For example, the lower conical structure is a frustum structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure and a preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

[0012] A design method for a sand box system for rail vehicles, comprising: determining the range of motion of a sand-spreading hose, wherein a first end of the sand-spreading hose is used to connect to a bogie, and a second end is used to connect to the lower conical structure; predicting the position of the axis of the lower conical structure as a predicted axis based on the range of motion; determining whether the deviation of the predicted axis from the axis of the central cylindrical structure is within a preset eccentricity range; if so, setting the axis of the lower conical structure on the predicted axis; otherwise, setting the axis of the lower conical structure on an axis at the edge of the preset eccentricity range.

[0013] For example, the lower conical structure is a frustum structure; the method further includes: determining the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure and a preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

[0014] For example, it further includes: providing a sand level display window on the central cylindrical structure, and providing an upper sand level line at the top and a lower sand level line at the bottom on the sand level display window; wherein the sand injection port of the sand injection cylinder away from the sand box is higher than the upper sand level line; wherein the ratio of the volume of the portion of the sand box below the upper sand level line to the effective volume of the sand box is not less than 3 / 4, and the effective volume is the sum of the volumes of the central cylindrical structure and the lower conical structure.

[0015] A rail vehicle, including the aforementioned rail vehicle sandbox system.

[0016] The present invention provides a sand box system for rail vehicles, comprising: a sand box, which includes an upper conical structure, a middle cylindrical structure, and a lower conical structure connected sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the small diameter end of the upper conical structure is at the upper end and the small diameter end of the lower conical structure is at the lower end, and the upper and lower conical structures are circular in all cross sections perpendicular to the axial direction; multiple lifting lugs, which are sequentially fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure; and a sand injection cylinder, which is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure and communicates with the interior of the sand box.

[0017] This sand box system features an upper conical structure at the top, providing ample space around the perimeter for installing lifting lugs and sand injection cylinders. This allows the lifting lugs and the upper conical structure to share some space vertically, eliminating the need for the lifting lugs to be fully positioned on the top surface of the sand box and higher than it, thus improving the utilization of vertical space. The lower conical structure facilitates the flow of quartz sand from the bottom, ensuring efficient utilization. A central cylindrical structure in the middle of the sand box guarantees its capacity. The circular cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction on the sand box improves the uniformity of stress distribution throughout the interior. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 An assembly diagram of the sand box system and sand spreading hose provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a first isometric view of the sandbox system provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a second isometric view of the sandbox system provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the sand box system and equipment compartment provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a design drawing of the sand box for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The projection of the sand box along the axial direction, where W is the top surface of the upper conical structure and Y is the bottom surface of the lower conical structure.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] Skirt plate sand injection valve 1;

[0027] Sand box 2, upper conical structure 21, upper mounting surface 211, middle cylindrical structure 22, sand level display window 221, lower conical structure 23, lower mounting surface 231;

[0028] Hanging lug 3;

[0029] Sand injection cylinder 4, sand injection port 41;

[0030] Sand spreading hose 5;

[0031] Sand outlet 6 of the sand spreading unit;

[0032] Electronic sand level display device 7. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The core of this invention is to provide a sand box system for rail vehicles and its design method, as well as rail vehicles, which can improve the utilization rate of vertical space by the sand box.

[0035] For a specific embodiment of the sand box system for rail vehicles provided by this invention, please refer to [the specific embodiment]. Figures 1 to 6 It includes: sand box 2, lifting lug 3, and sand injection cylinder 4. According to the sand spreading function requirements, the sand box 2 is generally arranged near the bogie and installed on the chassis. The shape design takes into account various factors such as the vehicle body and the amount of sand during operation.

[0036] The sand box 2 comprises an upper conical structure 21, a middle cylindrical structure 22, and a lower conical structure 23 connected sequentially from top to bottom. These three structures are internally interconnected, forming the internal space of the sand box 2. The smaller diameter end of the upper conical structure 21 is at the top, and the smaller diameter end of the lower conical structure 23 is at the bottom. All cross-sections of the upper conical structure 21 and the lower conical structure 23 perpendicular to the axial direction are circular. The sand box 2 has an overall saucer-like structure.

[0037] The wall thicknesses of the upper conical structure 21, the middle cylindrical structure 22, and the lower conical structure 23 can be set as needed, and can be different, so as to reduce weight while meeting the requirements of bearing the internal pressure of the sand box 2.

[0038] Specifically, the cross-sections of the upper conical structure 21 and the lower conical structure 23 parallel to the axial direction are trapezoidal. Correspondingly, the upper conical structure 21 and the lower conical structure 23 are frustum structures. In other embodiments, they can also be conical structures.

[0039] The axial dimensions of the upper conical structure 21 and the lower conical structure 23 (corresponding to the height direction) can be set to be no greater than the axial dimension of the middle cylindrical structure 22, so that the sand box 2 is biased towards a cylindrical structure. Compared with a square structure, it is more conducive to bearing the internal pressure of the sand box 2, and the force is evenly distributed, which helps to ensure the capacity.

[0040] At this time, the upper conical structure 21 forms a clearance space around it, which can be adapted to the curved beam structure of the vehicle body frame, while avoiding other surrounding components such as cables; it can also serve as an installation space to accommodate at least part of the lifting lugs 3 and the sand injection cylinder 4.

[0041] There are multiple lugs 3, for example, four, which are fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure 21 in sequence along the circumference. The upper part of the lug 3 can be fixed to the upper conical structure 21 and the lower part can be fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the middle cylindrical structure 22; or, the lug 3 can be fixedly connected only to the upper conical structure 21.

[0042] Specifically, the lifting lug 3 and the sand box 2 can be welded together. The lifting lug 3 can extend downwards at an angle along the direction close to the sand box 2.

[0043] Furthermore, each lifting lug 3 can be configured with the same structure. To ensure balanced lifting capacity, all lifting lugs 3 can be evenly arranged circumferentially. Specifically, the lifting lug 3 can include a top plate and side plates located on both sides below the top plate in the circumferential direction. The side plates are welded to the sand box 2, and the top plate can be used to connect to the vehicle body. This type of lifting lug 3 has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. Depending on the lifting position, the height of each lifting lug 3 can be the same or different. In addition, the lifting lug 3 can be a one-piece molded structure.

[0044] The sand injection cylinder 4 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure 21 and communicates with the interior of the sand box 2. Specifically, the sand injection cylinder 4 can be located between two adjacent lifting lugs in the circumferential direction. At this time, the sum of the volumes of the middle cylindrical structure 22 and the lower conical structure 23 is the effective volume of the sand box 2 to stably store sand, while the upper conical structure 21 can serve as a space for sand injection to receive the sand from the sand injection cylinder 4, avoiding the occupation of the separate space at the top of the middle cylindrical structure 22 for receiving the sand from the sand injection cylinder 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the sand box system has an upper conical structure 21 at the top of the sand box 2, which provides some clearance and installation space on its outer periphery for installing the lifting lugs 3 and the sand injection cylinder 4. This allows the lifting lugs 3 and the upper conical structure 21 to share some space in the vertical direction, and the lifting lugs 3 do not need to be completely located on the top surface of the sand box 2 and higher than the sand box 2, which helps to improve the utilization rate of vertical space in the sand box 2. The lower part of the sand box 2 has a lower conical structure 23, which facilitates the flow of quartz sand from the bottom, thereby ensuring the efficient utilization of quartz sand. The middle part of the sand box 2 adopts a central cylindrical structure 22, which can ensure the capacity of the sand box 2. The circular cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction on the sand box 2 can improve the uniformity of force distribution in various parts of the sand box 2.

[0046] On the sand injection cylinder 4, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sand injection cylinder 4 gradually slopes downwards along the direction close to the upper conical structure 21, which can guide the quartz sand to fall into the sand box 2. In addition to setting the slope, the sand injection cylinder 4 should also be as short as possible to facilitate the flow of sand during sand injection.

[0047] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the sand injection cylinder 4 has a sand injection port 41 at the end away from the upper conical structure 21. Specifically, it can be a planar opening parallel to the axial direction of the middle cylindrical structure 22 to ensure the sand injection area and facilitate sand injection. Additionally, as... Figure 4 As shown, a sand box cover is provided on the sand injection port 41, which faces the sand injection valve 1 on the skirt of the equipment compartment for workers to operate and facilitate operation.

[0048] Specifically, when setting the sand injection port 41, its height can be combined with the average height of the staff. For example, the sand injection port 41 can be slightly higher than the staff's line of sight or at the same height as the staff's line of sight.

[0049] Among them, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top of the sand injection cylinder 4 is an arc-shaped wall, and the center line of the arc-shaped wall is along the extension direction of the sand injection cylinder 4, which has a guiding function.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, a sand level display window 221 is provided on the outer circumference of the central cylindrical structure 22, and the sand level display window 221 is located directly below the sand injection cylinder 4, which makes it easy to observe the sand level.

[0051] In addition, an electronic sand level display device 7 is connected to the outer circumference of the central cylindrical structure 22. The electronic sand level display device 7 can be positioned close to the central cylindrical structure 22 for easy observation of both the sand level display window 221 and the electronic sand level display device 7. Specifically, when connecting the electronic sand level display device 7, a hanger can be welded to the outer circumference of the central cylindrical structure 22, with the electronic sand level display device 7 suspended below the hanger. Additionally, a sanding junction box or other devices can be suspended from the hanger. Furthermore, the bottom mounting surface of the hanger can be close to, or even flush with, the bottom surface of the central cylindrical structure 22. The electronic sand level display device 7 and the lower conical structure 23 are arranged side-by-side perpendicular to the axial direction. In this case, there is a gap between the outer circumference of the lower conical structure 23 and the electronic sand level display device 7, facilitating maintenance of the electronic sand level display device 7.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the centerline of the lower conical structure 23 is located on the first axis and is collinear or parallel to the second axis. The centerlines of the upper conical structure 21 and the middle cylindrical structure 22 are collinear and both located on the second axis. The acute angle β between the line connecting the bottom surface of the lower conical structure 23 and the first intersection point of the first axis, and the top surface of the upper conical structure 21 and the second intersection point of the second axis, and the second axis is no greater than 5°.

[0053] At this time, the lower conical structure 23 can be set collinearly or eccentrically with respect to the axis of the upper conical structure 21 and the middle cylindrical structure 22 to meet the installation requirements of the sand box system and the sand spreading hose 5 between the bogie. However, the degree of eccentricity is within the constraint range to ensure that the lower conical structure 23 has a large degree of inclination.

[0054] To elaborate, such as Figure 6 As shown, the bottom surface of the lower conical structure 23 is the lower mounting surface 231 for installing the sand spreading unit. When the lower conical structure 23 is eccentrically set relative to the middle cylindrical structure 22, the lower mounting surface 231 of the lower conical structure 23 forms an eccentric structure relative to the upper middle cylindrical structure 22 and the upper conical structure 21, so as to ensure that the movement state of the sand spreading hose 5 between the sand outlet and the bogie is within the requirements.

[0055] Furthermore, the lower conical structure 23 is a frustum structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 and the preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°. At this time, the sand flow angle of the lower conical structure 23 is not less than 35 degrees, which is conducive to the flow of quartz sand from the bottom, thereby ensuring the efficient utilization of quartz sand and ensuring the sand falling capacity and speed of the lower conical structure 23.

[0056] In addition to the aforementioned sand box system for rail vehicles, the present invention also provides a design method for a sand box system for rail vehicles, used to design the sand box system for rail vehicles in the above embodiments.

[0057] In the design process, the external structure design of the sand box system needs to take into account aspects such as meeting certain volume requirements, sand flow angle at the bottom of the sand box 2, and height of the sand injection port 41 to meet the convenience of sand injection operation and sand level display, while adapting to vehicle installation requirements, such as avoiding other components; at the same time, the external structure of the sand box 2 is obtained based on the above functional use, daily operation and maintenance requirements of the sand box 2.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the design method provided by the present invention, the following are included:

[0059] The range of motion of the sand-spreading hose 5 is determined, wherein the first end of the sand-spreading hose 5 is used to connect to the bogie, and the second end is used to connect to the lower conical structure 23;

[0060] Based on the range of motion of the sand-spreading hose 5, the position of the center line of the lower conical structure 23 is predicted as the predicted axis.

[0061] Determine whether the range of deviation of the predicted axis from the centerline of the central cylindrical structure 22 is within the preset eccentricity range;

[0062] If so, the centerline of the lower conical structure 23 is set on the predicted axis; otherwise, the centerline of the lower conical structure 23 is set on an axis at the edge of the preset eccentric range.

[0063] The active space of the sand-spreading hose 5 includes various positions of the sand-spreading hose 5 under various operating conditions of the bogie. The position of the sand outlet at the end of the sand box is determined by simulating the active space of the sand-spreading hose 5, thereby determining the eccentricity of the lower conical structure 23.

[0064] By combining the movement requirements of the sand-spreading hose 5, the eccentricity of the lower conical structure 23 is determined so that the position of the lower conical structure 23 can match the movement requirements of the sand-spreading hose 5. At the same time, by setting constraint values, such as the angle β mentioned in the above embodiment, the lower conical structure 23 can be prevented from being excessively eccentric relative to the middle cylindrical structure 22.

[0065] Furthermore, the lower conical structure 23 is a frustum structure. Based on this, an embodiment of the design method further includes: determining the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23, and ensuring that the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 and a predetermined surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

[0066] At this time, the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 can be set according to the volume requirements of the lower conical structure 23. When the volume of the lower conical structure 23 is satisfied, if the acute angle (the angle located on the outside of the peripheral wall) between the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 and the preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is less than 35°, the position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure 23 is radially expanded accordingly to meet the angle requirements.

[0067] Furthermore, embodiments of this design method also include:

[0068] A sand level display window 221 is provided on the central cylindrical structure 22, and an upper sand level line is provided on the sand level display window 221, which is located at the top and a lower sand level line is located at the bottom.

[0069] Among them, the sand injection port 41 of the sand injection cylinder 4, which is far from the sand box 2, is higher than the upper sand level line;

[0070] Among them, the ratio of the volume of the part of the sand box 2 located below the upper sand level line to the effective volume of the sand box 2 is not less than 3 / 4, and the effective volume is the sum of the volumes of the middle cylindrical structure 22 and the lower conical structure 23.

[0071] Among them, the lower sand level line is higher than the bottom surface of the central cylindrical structure 22.

[0072] At this point, different areas and structures can be divided based on the upper sand level line, which facilitates processing.

[0073] Specifically, the factors that need to be considered during the design process include:

[0074] Vehicle body structure factors: The overall shape of the sand box 2 is determined according to the vehicle body structure, which is suitable for the shape of the sand box 2 that is suspended on the vehicle body underframe or suspended through the transition beam.

[0075] Factors affecting the movement of the sand spreading hose 5: The sand box 2 is mounted on the car body underframe, and the sand spreading nozzle is mounted on the bogie. The two are connected by the sand spreading hose 5 to accommodate the relative movement between the bogie and the car body. Therefore, the position of the sand outlet below the sand spreading unit on the sand box 2 must be determined. This position must consider the sand spreading effect. The sand outlet is designed to be higher than any point where the sand spreading hose 5 connects to the bogie's sand spreading nozzle, ensuring effective sand flow. Simultaneously, because the bogie operates under various conditions, the movement of the sand spreading hose 5 must meet the requirements of all conditions without breakage or other malfunctions. The position of the sand outlet depends on the movement state of the sand spreading hose 5.

[0076] Sandbox 2 volume factor: The volume of sandbox 2 is determined based on the operating mileage of the EMU and the conditions of weather and line. The space occupied by sandbox 2 is affected by the volume of sandbox 2, which in turn affects the shape of sandbox 2, such as the determination of the cylindrical diameter of sandbox 2.

[0077] Factors affecting the height of the sand injection port 41: Sand injection operations are generally performed through the sand injection valve 1 on the skirt panel. The height of the sand injection valve 1 is limited by the vehicle underframe, while also considering the operating environment, such as the parking conditions of EMUs in the maintenance depot, and the need for convenient operation by personnel. The height of the sand injection port 41 is set within a certain range, and the distance between the sand injection port 41 and the skirt panel is controlled within a certain range. The design of the sand injection port slope, the height setting of the sand injection port 41, and the distance between the sand injection port 41 and the skirt panel should facilitate the sand injection operation.

[0078] Factors affecting sand level display lines: Generally, sand box 2 is set with two sand level lines, namely the high sand level line and the low sand level line, or the upper sand level line and the lower sand level line. The high sand level line corresponds to an effective volume of quartz sand in sand box 2 that is not less than a certain range, and the low sand level line corresponds to an effective volume of quartz sand in sand box 2 that is within a certain range. The horizontal position of the lower edge of the sand injection port 41 should be higher than the high sand level line.

[0079] The above factors affecting the shape of the sand box 2 are usually considered in sequence and influence each other. The shape and structure design of the sand box 2 are completed by making adjustments.

[0080] In summary, the design process needs to consider the following in sequence: based on the vehicle body structure and the layout of the components around the sand box 2, a preliminary design of the external structure of the sand box 2 should be made to meet the vehicle loading requirements; from the perspective of the performance of the sand box 2, including the volume of the sand box 2, the sand level line setting, the sand flow angle at the bottom of the sand box 2, the position of the sand outlet 6 of the sand spreading unit at the bottom of the sand box 2, and the lifting lug 3 of the sand box 2; from the perspective of daily operation and maintenance, the sand injection port 41 of the sand box 2 is designed to facilitate sand injection operation, the sand level line design meets the requirements for observing the corresponding sand volume, and the electronic sand level display facilitates intuitive observation.

[0081] In a specific sandbox system, the specific formulas and design parameters include:

[0082]

[0083] The parameters of a sandbox system designed with a capacity of 40L (effective volume) are as follows:

[0084]

[0085] The formulas involved are as follows:

[0086] Formula (1)

[0087] Formula (2)

[0088] Formula (3)

[0089] Formula (4)

[0090] Formula (5)

[0091] Formula (6)

[0092] Formula (7)

[0093] Formula (8)

[0094] Formula (9)

[0095] Formula (10)

[0096] Taking into account the sand box's location and spatial arrangement on the vehicle, bottom angle, effective volume, and high and low sand level volumes, the relevant dimensions of the sand box are determined as follows:

[0097]

[0098] The eccentricity angle range in the y-direction is similar to that in the x-direction; the bottom eccentricity angle β is mainly limited by the minimum bottom tilt angle α during the design process, while also taking into account the influence of the position of the lower sand-spreading unit.

[0099] In addition to the aforementioned sand box system for rail vehicles, this invention also provides a rail vehicle including a sand box system for rail vehicles. Specifically, the sand box system can be the same as the one provided in any of the above embodiments, and the beneficial effects can be referred to the respective embodiments above. The structure of other parts of this rail vehicle is described in the prior art and will not be repeated here. Specifically, the rail vehicle can be a multiple unit (MMU).

[0100] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixing" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as "connecting" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple," "multiple roots," and "multiple groups" mean two or more.

[0101] The terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0102] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0103] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0104] The sand box system for rail vehicles, its design method, and the rail vehicle provided by this invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A sand box system for rail vehicles, characterized in that, include: A sand box (2) comprises an upper conical structure (21), a middle cylindrical structure (22), and a lower conical structure (23) connected sequentially from top to bottom. The small diameter end of the upper conical structure (21) is at the upper end, and the small diameter end of the lower conical structure (23) is at the lower end. The upper conical structure (21) and the lower conical structure (23) are circular in each cross section perpendicular to the axial direction. Multiple lifting lugs (3) are fixed sequentially on the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure (21) along the circumferential direction. A sand injection cylinder (4) is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the upper conical structure (21) and communicates with the interior of the sand box (2). The centerline of the lower conical structure (23) is located on the first axis and is collinear or parallel to the second axis; the centerline of the upper conical structure (21) and the centerline of the middle cylindrical structure (22) are collinear and are both located on the second axis; the acute angle between the line connecting the bottom surface of the lower conical structure (23) and the first intersection point of the first axis, the top surface of the upper conical structure (21) and the second intersection point of the second axis, and the second axis is not greater than 5°.

2. The sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand injection cylinder (4) extends downwards gradually along the direction close to the upper conical structure (21).

3. The sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the sand injection cylinder (4) is an arc-shaped wall, and the center line of the arc-shaped wall is along the extension direction of the sand injection cylinder (4).

4. The sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sand level display window (221) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the central cylindrical structure (22), and the sand level display window (221) is located directly below the sand injection cylinder (4); an electronic sand level display device (7) is also connected to the outer circumferential surface of the central cylindrical structure (22).

5. The sand box system for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The lower conical structure (23) is a frustum structure, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure (23) and the preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

6. A design method for a sand box system for rail vehicles, characterized in that, The method for designing a sandbox system for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising: Determine the range of motion of the sand-spreading hose (5), wherein the first end of the sand-spreading hose (5) is used to connect the bogie, and the second end is used to connect the lower conical structure (23). Based on the range of motion, the position of the centerline of the lower conical structure (23) is predicted as the predicted axis. Determine whether the range of deviation of the predicted axis from the centerline of the central cylindrical structure (22) is within the preset eccentricity range; If so, the centerline of the lower conical structure (23) is set on the predicted axis; otherwise, the centerline of the lower conical structure (23) is set on an axis at the edge of the preset eccentric range.

7. The design method for a sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower conical structure (23) is a frustum structure; The method further includes: The position of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure (23) is determined, and the angle between the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower conical structure (23) and the preset surface perpendicular to the axial direction is not less than 35°.

8. The design method for a sand box system for rail vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A sand level display window (221) is provided on the central cylindrical structure (22), and an upper sand level line at the top and a lower sand level line at the bottom are provided on the sand level display window (221); Among them, the sand injection cylinder (4) is far from the sand box (2) and the sand injection port (41) is higher than the upper sand level line; Wherein, the ratio of the volume of the part of the sand box (2) located below the upper sand level line to the effective volume of the sand box (2) is not less than 3 / 4, and the effective volume is the sum of the volumes of the middle cylindrical structure (22) and the lower conical structure (23).

9. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the sand box system for rail vehicles as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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