Quantitative loading equipment and loading method

Abstract

The invention discloses quantitative loading equipment and a loading method. Wherein the quantitative loading equipment comprises a material distributing mechanism, a quantitative weighing mechanism and a material collecting and loading mechanism which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the quantitative weighing mechanism comprises a support frame and four bins which are arranged at intervals in a shape like a Chinese character'tian ', the four bins are fixed on the support frame, the lower part of each bin is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a discharge gate, the peripheral wall of each bin is provided with a weighing sensor, and the weighing sensors are used for measuring the mass of materials in the bins; the material distributing mechanism is used for receiving materials conveyed by the feeding belt and distributing the materials to the four material bins, and the material collecting and loading mechanism is used for guiding the materials discharged by the material bins to the loading position. The quantitative loading equipment has enough buffer capacity under the condition that a huge material receiving buffer bin with a single buffer function does not need to be arranged, and rotary motion of a large-tonnage stock bin is avoided, so that the manufacturing cost and the energy consumption of the loading equipment are reduced, and the quantitative loading equipment has relatively high metering precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of material loading, and in particular relates to a quantitative loading device and a loading method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the transportation of bulk materials is mainly achieved by rail, road and water transport, and how to load bulk materials quantitatively and efficiently into train carriages and car carriages is a key link affecting transportation efficiency. The mainstream market uses a single large hopper scale to quickly and quantitatively load materials at one time. Although the loading efficiency and loading accuracy are high, the loading equipment is large in size due to the need to set up a huge receiving buffer bin, which not only prolongs the equipment construction period, increases manufacturing and maintenance costs, but also increases the required material transmission height, resulting in higher energy consumption for material transmission.

[0003] Therefore, a rotary three-bucket loading device came into being. It eliminates the huge volume of the receiving buffer bin, which largely solves the problem of the large size of the loading equipment. However, it is necessary to add a rotary mechanism to drive the bin and the material in the bin to rotate. The rotary mechanism not only has complex force and structure, poor reliability in the operation process, high requirements for the speed regulation and control of the feeding belt, but also high manufacturing cost and energy consumption. It is difficult to adapt to the changes in vehicle speed and incoming material volume during the complex loading process of trains and cars. Moreover, in the rotary three-bucket loading device, since the material is in dynamic rotation, its weighing method is rotary dynamic measurement, which will result in poor measurement accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention discloses a quantitative loading device and a loading method to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention discloses a quantitative loading device, comprising a material distribution mechanism, a quantitative weighing mechanism and a material collection loading mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0007] The quantitative weighing mechanism includes a support frame and four silos arranged in a field shape, the four silos are fixed on the support frame, a discharge port is opened at the bottom of each silo, a discharge gate is provided on the discharge port, and a weighing sensor is provided on the outer peripheral wall of each silo, and the weighing sensor is used to measure the mass of the material in the silo;

[0008] The material distribution mechanism is used to receive the material conveyed by the feeding belt and distribute the material to the four silos, and the material collection loading mechanism is used to guide the material discharged from each silo to the loading position.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal cross-section of the silo is square, rectangular or semicircular, and the outer side surface of the lower part of the silo is an inclined surface approaching the center position of the field shape.

[0010] Further, the material distributing mechanism comprises a circular material distributing trough, a rotating ring, a first driving assembly and a second driving assembly;

[0011] The rotating ring is located in the material distribution trough and is arranged coaxially with the material distribution trough. The rotating ring and the material distribution trough can rotate relative to each other. A plurality of scrapers are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating ring, and each of the scrapers extends along the radial direction of the rotating ring. The first driving component is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate; a discharge port is opened at the bottom of one side of the material distribution trough, and the second driving component is used to drive the material distribution trough to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of each scraper is tooth-shaped or wavy.

[0013] Furthermore, a circular opening is provided on the bottom of the material distribution trough at the center position, and the lower part of the rotating ring passes through the circular opening and is transmission-connected to the first driving assembly below the material distribution trough. The second driving rod assembly is arranged below the material distribution trough, and an annular seal is provided between the material distribution trough and the rotating ring.

[0014] Further, the first driving assembly includes a first motor, a first reducer, a first gear and an annular internal gear; the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the first reducer, the output shaft of the first reducer is fixedly connected to the first gear, the first gear is meshed with the annular internal gear, and the annular internal gear is fixedly connected to the rotating ring;

[0015] The second driving assembly includes a second motor, a second reducer, a second gear and an annular external tooth; the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the second reducer, the output shaft of the second reducer is fixedly connected to the second gear, the second gear is meshed with the annular external tooth, and the annular external tooth is fixedly connected to the material distributing trough;

[0016] The annular outer teeth are sleeved on the outer sides of the annular inner teeth, and a rotary bearing is arranged between the annular outer teeth and the annular inner teeth.

[0017] Furthermore, the material distributing mechanism further includes a top cover;

[0018] The top cover is covered on the notch of the material distributing trough, and a feed port is opened on the top cover, and the feed port is located below the feeding belt.

[0019] Further, the aggregate loading mechanism includes an aggregate chute and a loading chute;

[0020] The aggregate chute is funnel-shaped and is located below each of the silos for receiving the materials discharged from each of the silos. The loading chute is located below the aggregate chute for directing the materials discharged from the aggregate chute to the loading position. The lower part of the loading chute can be translated or swung.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a loading method using the quantitative loading device described above, wherein the four silos are silo A, silo B, silo C and silo D, and the loading method comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 01, obtain train carriage information and obtain the rated loading amount mi of each carriage; where i is a positive integer corresponding to the corresponding carriage;

[0023] Step 02, controlling the material distributing mechanism to distribute materials to the four silos;

[0024] The step 02 is specifically as follows:

[0025] Step 021, first set the preset material receiving capacity of the A silo mas = 1 / 2 rated loading capacity m1 + redundant capacity a, then rotate the material distribution chute to align the discharge port with the A silo, and load the A silo; wherein the redundant capacity a = 1.5t ~ 2t;

[0026] Step 022, after the actual material receiving amount ma of the A silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mas, the material distribution chute is rotated to align the material outlet with the B silo, material is loaded into the B silo, and the preset material receiving amount mbs of the B silo is set to be equal to the rated loading amount m1-the actual material receiving amount ma+the redundant amount a;

[0027] Step 023, after the actual material receiving amount mb of the B silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mbs, the material distribution chute is rotated to align the material outlet with the C silo, material is loaded into the C silo, and the preset material receiving amount mcs of the C silo is set to be 1 / 2 of the rated loading amount m2 + the redundant amount a;

[0028] Step 024, after the actual material receiving amount mc of the C silo> the preset material receiving amount mcs, rotate the material distribution chute to align the material outlet with the D silo, load the material into the D silo, and set the preset material receiving amount mds of the D silo = rated loading amount m2 - actual material receiving amount mc + redundant amount a;

[0029] Step 025, when the actual material receiving amount md of the D silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mds, the material distribution trough is rotated to align the material outlet with the A silo, material is loaded into the A silo, and the preset material receiving amount mas of the A silo is set to be 1 / 2 of the rated loading amount m3 + the redundant amount a; the above material distribution steps are then executed cyclically until the last carriage is loaded and the material distribution is stopped;

[0030] Step 03, control the quantitative weighing mechanism and the aggregate loading mechanism to load materials into the train compartment.

[0031] Furthermore, the step 03 is specifically as follows:

[0032] Step 031, after the A silo has finished receiving the material, the discharge gate at the bottom of the A silo is opened to allow the material to be loaded into the first carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence; then, after the A silo is emptied, the discharge gate at the bottom of the A silo is closed, and the actual discharge amount maf of the A silo is weighed and recorded;

[0033] Step 032, open the discharge gate at the bottom of the B silo, so that the material is loaded into the first carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence, and set the material reserve amount mbl of the B silo = the actual material receiving amount mb-(rated loading amount m1-actual discharge amount maf); then, when the remaining material amount in the B silo is equal to the material reserve amount mbl, close the discharge gate at the bottom of the B silo;

[0034] Step 033, after the C silo has finished receiving the materials, the discharge gate at the bottom of the C silo is opened to allow the materials to be loaded into the second carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence; then, after the C silo is emptied, the discharge gate at the bottom of the C silo is closed, and the actual discharge amount mcf of the C silo is weighed and recorded;

[0035] Step 034, open the discharge gate at the bottom of the D silo, so that the material is loaded into the second carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence, and set the material reserve amount mdl of the D silo = the actual material receiving amount md-(rated loading amount m2-actual discharge amount mcf); then, when the remaining material amount in the D silo is equal to the material reserve amount mdl, close the discharge gate at the bottom of the D silo;

[0036] Step 035, loop through the above loading steps to load subsequent carriages until the entire train carriage is loaded.

[0037] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] In the quantitative loading equipment of the present invention, by setting four material bins arranged in a field shape and setting a weighing sensor on each material bin, not only the integration of buffering and weighing is realized, but also the buffering capacity of the material is improved; and, by setting a material distribution mechanism and directly fixing the four material bins on the support frame, the rotation movement of large-tonnage material bins is avoided, and there is no need to set up a huge material receiving buffer bin, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption of the loading equipment, being able to achieve fixed static metering of materials, effectively improving the metering accuracy, being more adaptable to changes in speed during the loading process of trains and cars, and having higher operational reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a quantitative loading device for material loading in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a layout diagram of a silo in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a material distribution mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a diagram showing the internal structure of a material distribution trough in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. silo; 2. discharge gate; 3. weighing sensor; 4. feeding belt; 5. feeding trough; 6. rotating ring; 7. scraper; 8. discharge port; 9. annular seal; 10. first motor; 11. first reducer; 12. first gear; 13. annular inner gear; 14. second motor; 15. second reducer; 16. second gear; 17. annular outer gear; 18. slewing bearing; 19. top cover; 20. feed port; 21. aggregate chute; 22. loading chute; 23. train car. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, a quantitative loading device is provided, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the quantitative loading device includes a material distribution mechanism, a quantitative weighing mechanism and a material collection loading mechanism which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0050] Specifically, the quantitative weighing mechanism includes a support frame (not shown in the figure) and four silos 1 arranged in a field shape. The four silos 1 are used to receive materials, buffer, unload materials, and quantify materials in turn, providing a larger material buffer capacity without the need to set up a separate receiving buffer silo. The four silos 1 are fixed on the support frame. A discharge port is opened at the lower part of each silo 1, and a discharge gate 2 is provided on the discharge port. The discharge gate 2 can adjust the opening to achieve accurate discharge; a weighing sensor 3 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of each silo 1, and the weighing sensor 3 is used to measure the mass of the material in the silo 1, realizing static metering of the material and integrated buffer weighing function. Compared with dynamic metering, the metering accuracy is higher; preferably, four weighing sensors 3 are respectively arranged on each silo 1 to ensure the metering accuracy of the material; wherein, the maximum storage capacity of each silo is 45t, a single silo can meet the loading needs of a container (32t), and two silos can meet the loading needs of all existing train carriages (60t~80t).

[0051] In addition, the material distribution mechanism is used to receive the material transported by the feeding belt 4 and distribute the material to the four silos 1, that is, the feeding belt 4 transports the material to the material distribution mechanism, and then the material distribution mechanism transports the material to the corresponding silo 1 as needed. There is no need to set a rotating structure to drive the silo 1 to rotate, so that the silo 1 can enter different working states in turn. The aggregate loading mechanism is used to guide the material released from each silo 1 to the loading position, for example, to the train car 23.

[0052] In summary, in the quantitative loading equipment of the present embodiment, by setting up four silos arranged in a field shape and setting a weighing sensor on each silo, not only the integration of buffering and weighing is realized, but also the buffering capacity of the material is improved; and, by setting up a material distribution mechanism and directly fixing the four silos on the support frame, the rotational movement of large-tonnage silos is avoided, and there is no need to set up a huge receiving buffer silo, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption of the loading equipment, being able to achieve fixed static metering of materials, effectively improving the metering accuracy, being more adaptable to changes in speed during the loading process of trains and cars, and having higher operational reliability.

[0053] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal cross section of the silo 1 is a square, and the outer side surface of the lower part of the silo 1 is an inclined surface close to the center position of the field shape, that is, the four silos 1 can be assembled into a square terrace, so that the materials can be concentrated into the aggregate loading mechanism when they are dropped. Of course, the horizontal cross section of the silo can also be rectangular or semicircular, which is also within the protection scope of the present invention. When the horizontal cross section of the silo is semicircular, the four silos can be assembled into a circular terrace.

[0054] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the material distributing mechanism includes a circular material distributing groove 5, a rotating ring 6, a first driving assembly and a second driving assembly.

[0055] The rotating ring 6 is located in the feeding trough 5 and is arranged coaxially with the feeding trough 5. The rotating ring 6 and the feeding trough 5 can rotate relative to each other. A plurality of scrapers 7 are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating ring 6. Each scraper 7 extends along the radial direction of the rotating ring 6, and a reinforcing rib structure is formed on the scraper 7. The first driving component is used to drive the rotating ring 6 to rotate. In order to increase the structural strength of the rotating ring 6, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on the inner circumference of the rotating ring 6. A discharge port 8 is opened at the bottom of the groove on one side of the feeding trough 5, and the second driving component is used to drive the feeding trough 5 to rotate. In this way, the material falls into the feeding trough 5 from the feeding belt 4, the second driving component drives the feeding trough 5 to rotate to the required angle, and then the first driving component drives the rotating ring 6 to rotate, thereby driving the scraper 7 to move, and the scraper 7 pushes the material in the feeding trough 5 to the discharge port 8, so that the material can be discharged at a specified angle, and the discharge angle can be arbitrarily controlled.

[0056] In addition, the bottom of each scraper is serrated or wavy, thereby reducing the friction between the scraper and the bottom of the material distribution trough and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0057] In addition, if Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a circular opening is opened on the bottom of the feeding trough 5 at the center, and the lower part of the rotating ring 6 passes through the circular opening and is transmission-connected to the first driving assembly below the feeding trough 5. The second driving rod assembly is arranged below the feeding trough 5, so that the structure of the feeding mechanism is more compact and occupies less space; an annular seal 9 is arranged between the feeding trough 5 and the rotating ring 6 to prevent materials from entering between the feeding trough 5 and the rotating ring 6 and affecting the stable operation of the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly.

[0058] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the first drive assembly includes a first motor 10, a first reducer 11, a first gear 12 and an annular inner gear 13; the output shaft of the first motor 10 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the first reducer 11, and the output shaft of the first reducer 11 is fixedly connected to the first gear 12. The first reducer 11 is used to increase the output torque of the first motor 10, the first gear 12 is meshed with the annular inner gear 13, and the annular inner gear 13 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 6, which can be specifically connected by bolts.

[0059] The second driving assembly includes a second motor 14, a second reducer 15, a second gear 16 and an annular outer gear 17; the output shaft of the second motor 14 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the second reducer 15, the output shaft of the second reducer 15 is fixedly connected to the second gear 16, the second reducer 15 is used to increase the output torque of the second motor 14, the second gear 16 is meshed with the annular outer gear 17, and the annular outer gear 17 is fixedly connected to the material distributing trough 5, specifically by bolt connection. Among them, the second motor 14, the second reducer 15, and the second gear 16 can all be set to two, thereby increasing the driving force when the material distributing trough 5 rotates.

[0060] The annular outer teeth 17 are sleeved on the outer side of the annular inner teeth 13 , and a slewing bearing 18 is provided between the annular outer teeth 17 and the annular inner teeth 13 , thereby realizing the relative rotation of the annular outer teeth 17 and the annular inner teeth 13 .

[0061] In other embodiments, the material distributing mechanism includes an annular material distributing trough, an annular curved belt, a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly. The curved belt is arranged at the bottom of the material distributing trough and can rotate in the material distributing trough. The first drive assembly is used to drive the curved belt to rotate. A discharge port is provided on the trough wall on one side of the material distributing trough. An inclined baffle is provided downstream of the discharge port. When the curved belt carries the material and rotates in the material distributing trough, the baffle can guide the material to the discharge port to realize material discharge and allow the material to enter the silo. The second drive assembly is used to drive the material distributing trough to rotate. Of course, the curved belt can also be replaced with stacked blades.

[0062] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the material distributing mechanism further includes a top cover 19 .

[0063] The top cover 19 covers the notch of the material distributing trough 5 to achieve sealing of the top of the material distributing trough 5 . A feed port 20 is opened on the top cover 19 , and the feed port 20 is located below the feeding belt 4 .

[0064] And, if Figure 1 As shown, the aggregate loading mechanism includes an aggregate chute 21 and a loading chute 22 .

[0065] The aggregate chute 21 is funnel-shaped and is located below each silo 1 to receive the materials discharged from each silo 1. The loading chute 22 is located below the aggregate chute 21 to guide the materials discharged from the aggregate chute 21 to the loading position. The lower part of the loading chute 22 can be extended or swung to meet different loading needs. For example, the lower part of the loading chute 22 is a bellows structure, and the lower part of the loading chute 22 is driven by a drive cylinder to extend and retract up and down, and the lower part of the loading chute 22 is driven by a motor and a gear rack structure to translate or swing.

[0066] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a loading method using the quantitative loading device in the above embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the four silos are silo A, silo B, silo C and silo D, and the loading method includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 01, obtain the train car information and obtain the rated loading capacity mi of each car; where i is a positive integer corresponding to the corresponding car; for example, the rated loading capacity of the first car is m1, the rated loading capacity of the second car is m2, and so on.

[0068] Step 02, control the material distribution mechanism to distribute materials to the four silos.

[0069] Step 02 is as follows:

[0070] Step 021, first set the preset material receiving capacity of silo A to mas = 1 / 2 rated loading capacity m1 + redundant capacity a, then rotate the material distribution chute to align the discharge port with silo A, and load material into silo A; wherein, the redundant capacity a = 1.5t~2t, and the redundant capacity is set to prevent insufficient loading of the carriage caused by the material sticking to the inner wall of the silo and unable to fall out.

[0071] Step 022, when the actual material receiving amount ma of silo A is greater than the preset material receiving amount mas, rotate the material distribution chute to align the discharge port with silo B, load material into silo B, and set the preset material receiving amount mbs of silo B = rated loading amount m1-actual material receiving amount ma+redundancy a.

[0072] Step 023, when the actual material receiving amount mb of silo B is greater than the preset material receiving amount mbs, rotate the material distribution chute to align the discharge port with silo C, load material into silo C, and set the preset material receiving amount mcs of silo C = 1 / 2 rated loading amount m2 + redundant amount a.

[0073] Step 024, when the actual material receiving amount mc of the C silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mcs, rotate the material distribution chute to align the discharge port with the D silo, load material into the D silo, and set the preset material receiving amount mds of the D silo = rated loading amount m2 - actual material receiving amount mc + redundant amount a.

[0074] Step 025, when the actual material receiving amount md of the D silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mds, rotate the material distribution chute to align the discharge port with the A silo, load the material into the A silo, and set the preset material receiving amount mas of the A silo = 1 / 2 rated loading amount m3 + redundant amount a; then loop through the above material distribution steps until the last car is loaded and the material distribution stops.

[0075] Step 03, control the quantitative weighing mechanism and the aggregate loading mechanism to load materials into the train compartment.

[0076] It should be noted that the distribution mechanism distributing materials to the four silos and the quantitative weighing mechanism loading materials into the train compartment can be carried out alternately, that is, when the distribution mechanism distributes materials to a certain silo, other silos can measure materials or load materials into the train compartment.

[0077] Furthermore, step 03 is specifically as follows:

[0078] Step 031, after the A silo has finished receiving the materials, open the discharge gate at the bottom of the A silo to allow the materials to be loaded into the first carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in turn; then, after the A silo is emptied, close the discharge gate at the bottom of the A silo, and weigh and record the actual discharge amount maf of the A silo.

[0079] Step 032, open the discharge gate at the bottom of silo B, so that the materials can be loaded into the first carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in turn, and set the material reserve amount mbl of silo B = actual material receiving amount mb-(rated loading amount m1-actual discharge amount maf), and accurately control the discharge amount of silo B by the opening of the discharge gate; then, when the remaining material amount in silo B is equal to the material reserve amount mbl, close the discharge gate at the bottom of silo B.

[0080] Step 033, after the C silo has finished receiving the materials, open the discharge gate at the bottom of the C silo to allow the materials to be loaded into the second carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in turn; then, after the C silo is emptied, close the discharge gate at the bottom of the C silo, and weigh and record the actual discharge volume mcf of the C silo.

[0081] Step 034, open the discharge gate at the bottom of the D silo, so that the materials can be loaded into the second carriage through the collecting chute and the loading chute in turn, and set the material reserve amount mdl of the D silo = the actual material receiving amount md-(rated loading amount m2-actual discharge amount mcf), and accurately control the discharge amount of the D silo by the opening of the discharge gate; then, when the remaining material amount in the D silo is equal to the material reserve amount mdl, close the discharge gate at the bottom of the D silo.

[0082] Step 035, loop through the above loading steps to load subsequent carriages until the entire train carriage is loaded.

[0083] The above loading method adopts the method of weight reduction to achieve quantitative loading of the carriage, so that the loading amount of materials can be controlled more accurately.

[0084] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. Under the above teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make other improvements or modifications on the basis of the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above specific description is only to better explain the purpose of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A quantitative loading device, characterized in that: It includes a material distribution mechanism, a quantitative weighing mechanism and a material collection loading mechanism which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The quantitative weighing mechanism includes a support frame and four silos arranged in a field shape, the four silos are fixed on the support frame, a discharge port is opened at the bottom of each silo, a discharge gate is provided on the discharge port, and a weighing sensor is provided on the outer peripheral wall of each silo, and the weighing sensor is used to measure the mass of the material in the silo; The material distribution mechanism is used to receive the material conveyed by the feeding belt and distribute the material to the four silos, and the material collection loading mechanism is used to guide the material discharged from each silo to the loading position.

2. The quantitative loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal cross section of the silo is square, rectangular or semicircular, and the outer side surface of the lower part of the silo is an inclined surface approaching the center position of the field shape.

3. The quantitative loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material distributing mechanism comprises a circular material distributing trough, a rotating ring, a first driving assembly and a second driving assembly; The rotating ring is located in the material distribution trough and is arranged coaxially with the material distribution trough. The rotating ring and the material distribution trough can rotate relative to each other. A plurality of scrapers are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating ring, and each of the scrapers extends along the radial direction of the rotating ring. The first driving component is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate; a discharge port is opened at the bottom of one side of the material distribution trough, and the second driving component is used to drive the material distribution trough to rotate.

4. The quantitative loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of each scraper is tooth-shaped or wave-shaped.

5. The quantitative loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A circular opening is provided on the bottom of the material distribution trough at the center position, and the lower part of the rotating ring passes through the circular opening and is transmission-connected to the first driving assembly below the material distribution trough. The second driving rod assembly is arranged below the material distribution trough, and an annular seal is provided between the material distribution trough and the rotating ring.

6. The quantitative loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first driving assembly includes a first motor, a first reducer, a first gear and an annular internal gear; the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the first reducer, the output shaft of the first reducer is fixedly connected to the first gear, the first gear is meshed with the annular internal gear, and the annular internal gear is fixedly connected to the rotating ring; The second driving assembly includes a second motor, a second reducer, a second gear and an annular external tooth; the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the second reducer, the output shaft of the second reducer is fixedly connected to the second gear, the second gear is meshed with the annular external tooth, and the annular external tooth is fixedly connected to the material distributing trough; The annular outer teeth are sleeved on the outer sides of the annular inner teeth, and a rotary bearing is arranged between the annular outer teeth and the annular inner teeth.

7. The quantitative loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material distributing mechanism also includes a top cover; The top cover is covered on the notch of the material distributing trough, and a feed port is opened on the top cover, and the feed port is located below the feeding belt.

8. The quantitative loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aggregate loading mechanism includes an aggregate chute and a loading chute; The aggregate chute is funnel-shaped and is located below each of the silos for receiving the materials discharged from each of the silos. The loading chute is located below the aggregate chute for directing the materials discharged from the aggregate chute to the loading position. The lower part of the loading chute can be translated or swung.

9. A loading method using the quantitative loading device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The four silos are silo A, silo B, silo C and silo D, and the loading method comprises the following steps: Step 01, obtain train carriage information and obtain the rated loading amount mi of each carriage; where i is a positive integer corresponding to the corresponding carriage; Step 02, controlling the material distributing mechanism to distribute materials to the four silos; The step 02 is specifically as follows: Step 021, first set the preset material receiving capacity of the A silo mas = 1 / 2 rated loading capacity m1 + redundant capacity a, then rotate the material distribution chute to align the discharge port with the A silo, and load the A silo; wherein the redundant capacity a = 1.5t ~ 2t; Step 022, after the actual material receiving amount ma of the A silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mas, the material distribution chute is rotated to align the material outlet with the B silo, material is loaded into the B silo, and the preset material receiving amount mbs of the B silo is set to be equal to the rated loading amount m1-the actual material receiving amount ma+the redundant amount a; Step 023, after the actual material receiving amount mb of the B silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mbs, the material distribution chute is rotated to align the material outlet with the C silo, material is loaded into the C silo, and the preset material receiving amount mcs of the C silo is set to be 1 / 2 of the rated loading amount m2 + the redundant amount a; Step 024, after the actual material receiving amount mc of the C silo> the preset material receiving amount mcs, rotate the material distribution chute to align the material outlet with the D silo, load the material into the D silo, and set the preset material receiving amount mds of the D silo = rated loading amount m2 - actual material receiving amount mc + redundant amount a; Step 025, when the actual material receiving amount md of the D silo is greater than the preset material receiving amount mds, the material distribution trough is rotated to align the material outlet with the A silo, material is loaded into the A silo, and the preset material receiving amount mas of the A silo is set to be 1 / 2 of the rated loading amount m3 + the redundant amount a; the above material distribution steps are then executed cyclically until the last carriage is loaded and the material distribution is stopped; Step 03, control the quantitative weighing mechanism and the aggregate loading mechanism to load materials into the train compartment.

10. The loading method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step 03 is specifically as follows: Step 031, after the A silo has finished receiving the material, the discharge gate at the bottom of the A silo is opened to allow the material to be loaded into the first carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence; then, after the A silo is emptied, the discharge gate at the bottom of the A silo is closed, and the actual discharge amount maf of the A silo is weighed and recorded; Step 032, open the discharge gate at the bottom of the B silo, so that the material is loaded into the first carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence, and set the material reserve amount mbl of the B silo = the actual material receiving amount mb-(rated loading amount m1-actual discharge amount maf); then, when the remaining material amount in the B silo is equal to the material reserve amount mbl, close the discharge gate at the bottom of the B silo; Step 033, after the C silo has finished receiving the materials, the discharge gate at the bottom of the C silo is opened to allow the materials to be loaded into the second carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence; then, after the C silo is emptied, the discharge gate at the bottom of the C silo is closed, and the actual discharge amount mcf of the C silo is weighed and recorded; Step 034, open the discharge gate at the bottom of the D silo, so that the material is loaded into the second carriage through the aggregate chute and the loading chute in sequence, and set the material reserve amount mdl of the D silo = the actual material receiving amount md-(rated loading amount m2-actual discharge amount mcf); then, when the remaining material amount in the D silo is equal to the material reserve amount mdl, close the discharge gate at the bottom of the D silo; Step 035, loop through the above loading steps to load subsequent carriages until the entire train carriage is loaded.

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