Rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts of humic acid, 10 to 20 parts of wheat bran, 10 to 15 parts of bone paste, 10 to 20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5 to 10 parts of red thick shell extract, 1 to 3 parts of microbial agent and 20 to 30 parts of water. A preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite comprises the following steps: adding nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan into a mixed solution of ethanol and water, carrying out reflux reaction, and purifying to obtain the modified nano-hydroxyapatite. The rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer provided by the invention not only fully utilizes rabbit processing by-product resources and realizes cyclic utilization and environmental protection value of the resources, but also can obviously improve the utilization rate of phosphorus elements by crops and improve the crop yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular relates to a rabbit processing byproduct biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the development of modern agriculture, fertilizers are key factors in improving soil fertility and promoting the growth of agricultural products. Their types and quality are directly related to the yield and quality of crops. Although traditional chemical fertilizers can significantly increase the yield of agricultural products in the short term, long-term excessive use will lead to problems such as soil structure damage, environmental pollution and deterioration of agricultural product quality. Therefore, the development of efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable bio-organic fertilizers has become a research hotspot in the current agricultural field.

[0003] Rabbit processing byproducts such as rabbit bones, as common waste in the meat processing industry, are rich in organic matter, protein, and key minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. If they can be effectively utilized, they can not only solve the problem of waste disposal, but also be transformed into valuable agricultural resources. However, if these byproducts are directly applied to farmland without treatment, they may affect the use effect due to problems such as slow decomposition and uneven nutrient release, and may even have a negative impact on the soil environment. Therefore, through scientific processing, these rabbit processing byproducts can be converted into high-efficiency bio-organic fertilizers, which can not only solve the problem of waste disposal, but also achieve the recycling of resources and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0004] In the preparation process of bio-organic fertilizer, the selection and proportion of raw materials are crucial. Fertilizers with a single raw material often cannot meet the comprehensive nutritional needs of crops, and there are problems such as slow nutrient release and low utilization efficiency. Therefore, how to reasonably match raw materials and improve the nutrient content and utilization efficiency of fertilizers has become the key to the research and development of bio-organic fertilizers.

[0005] Based on the above background, the present invention provides a rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer, which has rich nutrients and can improve soil fertility, thereby improving the quality and yield of agricultural products.

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer.

[0008] The first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of bone mud, 10-20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of red thick shell extract, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, and 20-30 parts of water;

[0010] The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows: nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added into a mixed solution of ethanol and water, and refluxed to react, and the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is obtained through purification.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:3-5:4-8.

[0012] Preferably, the heating reaction time is 3-5h.

[0013] Preferably, in the mixed solution of ethanol and water, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1-2:1.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the red calamus extract is: drying and crushing the stems and leaves of the red calamus to obtain red calamus stem and leaf powder; adding the red calamus stem and leaf powder to an ethanol solution, refluxing extraction, collecting the extract and concentrating and drying it to obtain the red calamus extract.

[0015] Preferably, the solid-liquid ratio of the red thick shell stem and leaf powder to the ethanol solution is 1g: (10-20)mL; the concentration of the ethanol solution is 60-70%; and the reflux extraction time is 2-4h.

[0016] Preferably, the microbial agent is obtained by mixing Coxsackie rosea and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1-3:1.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of the microbial agent is: respectively expanding and culturing Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis to form microbial bacterial liquids, respectively culturing until the bacterial concentration is OD600=1, separating and removing solid impurities, spray drying, and mixing the bacterial powders.

[0018] Preferably, the bone mud preparation process is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing byproducts are washed and drained, frozen at -25 to -18°C for 8-12 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0019] Humic acid, as a natural organic matter, can significantly improve soil structure and increase soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer; wheat bran, as a common agricultural waste, is rich in cellulose and a variety of trace elements, and is an ideal choice for increasing the organic matter content of fertilizers. Rabbit bones, after proper treatment, can be converted into bone mud rich in minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, providing comprehensive nutritional support for crop growth. The beneficial bacteria in microbial agents grow and multiply in the soil, gather at the roots of crops to form dominant bacteria, improve the environment around the crops, and promote crop growth.

[0020] The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0021] The method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing by-product biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportions, mixing the microbial agent with bone mud, wheat bran and water for fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; mixing humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract with the fermentation product to prepare granules, and drying the granules to obtain the obtained product.

[0022] Preferably, the fermentation time is 20-30 hours and the fermentation temperature is 30-35°C.

[0023] The present invention has the following effects compared with the prior art:

[0024] 1. The present invention provides a rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer, which is added with raw materials such as rabbit bone mud, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract, which can improve the utilization rate of crops to phosphorus and increase crop yield. The present invention introduces maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan to modify nano-hydroxyapatite, aiming to improve its dispersibility and stability in the soil, and at the same time utilizes its surface functional groups to enhance the adsorption capacity of phosphorus, reduce the loss of phosphorus in the soil, and improve the utilization rate of phosphorus. The red thick shell extract contains rich active ingredients such as polyphenol compounds and triterpenoid compounds, which have a polyhydroxy structure and can be complexed with trace elements in the soil to form a stable complex, thereby reducing the loss of trace elements (such as iron, zinc, copper, etc.), improving the utilization efficiency of agricultural products to trace elements, and then improving the quality and yield of crops.

[0025] 2. The present invention utilizes the rich organic matter and trace elements of rabbit bone mud, and combines modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract and other raw materials to form a bio-organic fertilizer with high efficiency of phosphorus utilization, reduced phosphorus loss, promoted crop growth and increased crop yield. This fertilizer not only makes full use of rabbit processing byproduct resources, realizes the recycling of resources and environmental protection value, but also provides a sustainable and green fertilizer option for agricultural production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical scheme of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The specific conditions not specified in the examples are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional products obtained through commercial channels.

[0027] The deposit number of Kocuria rosea is CGMCC1.15046, which was purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center. The deposit number of Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC1.3358, which was purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of wheat bran, 12 parts of bone mud, 15 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 8 parts of red thick shell extract, 2 parts of microbial agent, and 25 parts of water;

[0030] The preparation method of modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows:

[0031] According to the mass ratio of nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan being 1:3-5:4-8, nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 1.5:1, and reflux reaction is carried out for 3-5 hours; the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, the solid product is filtered and collected, then washed with water, and dried at 60°C for 5 hours to obtain the product.

[0032] The preparation method of the red thick shell extract is as follows: the stems and leaves of the red thick shell are dried and then crushed to obtain the red thick shell stem and leaf powder; according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, the red thick shell stem and leaf powder is added to a 65% ethanol solution, reflux extraction for 3h, the extract is collected, and it is concentrated under reduced pressure to remove ethanol and water, and then spray-dried to obtain the extract.

[0033] The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: respectively expand and culture Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis, ferment them into microbial liquids, culture them until the bacterial concentration is OD600=1, separate and remove solid impurities, spray dry, and mix the bacterial powders in the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain the agent.

[0034] The preparation method of bone mud is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing byproducts are washed and drained, frozen at -20°C for 10 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0035] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing byproduct biological organic fertilizer, the steps are as follows:

[0036] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions, mix the microbial agent with bone mud, wheat bran and water, and ferment at 32°C for 25 hours to obtain a fermentation product; mix humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite, and red thick shell extract with the fermentation product to make granules, and dry at 35°C to obtain the product.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of bone mud, 10 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5 parts of red thick shell extract, 1 part of microbial agent, and 20 parts of water;

[0039] The preparation method of modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows:

[0040] According to the mass ratio of nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan being 1:3:4, nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 1:1, and refluxed for 3 hours; the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, the solid product is filtered and collected, then washed with water, and dried at 50°C for 6 hours to obtain.

[0041] The preparation method of the red thick shell extract is as follows: the stems and leaves of the red thick shell are dried and then crushed to obtain the red thick shell stem and leaf powder; according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10mL, the red thick shell stem and leaf powder is added to a 60% ethanol solution, reflux extraction for 2h, the extract is collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove ethanol and water, and spray-dried to obtain the extract.

[0042] The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis are respectively expanded and cultured to form microbial liquid, and the bacterial concentration is respectively cultured to OD 600 =1, separate and remove solid impurities, spray dry, and mix the bacterial powder in the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain.

[0043] The preparation method of bone mud is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing byproducts are washed and drained, frozen at -18°C for 12 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing byproduct biological organic fertilizer, the steps are as follows:

[0045] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions, mix the microbial agent with bone mud, wheat bran and water, and ferment at 30°C for 30 hours to obtain a fermentation product; mix humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite, and red thick shell extract with the fermentation product to make granules, and dry at 35°C to obtain the product.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of bone mud, 20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 10 parts of red thick shell extract, 3 parts of microbial agent, and 30 parts of water;

[0048] The preparation method of modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows:

[0049] According to the mass ratio of nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan being 1:5:8, nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 2:1, and refluxed for 5 hours; the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, the solid product is filtered and collected, then washed with water, and dried at 70°C for 4 hours to obtain the product.

[0050] The preparation method of the red thick shell extract is as follows: the stems and leaves of the red thick shell are dried and then crushed to obtain the red thick shell stem and leaf powder; according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:20mL, the red thick shell stem and leaf powder is added to a 70% ethanol solution, reflux extraction for 2h, the extract is collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove ethanol and water, and spray-dried to obtain the extract.

[0051] The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis are respectively expanded and cultured to form microbial liquid, and the bacterial concentration is respectively cultured to OD 600 =1, separate and remove solid impurities, spray dry, and mix the bacterial powder in the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain.

[0052] The preparation method of bone mud is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing byproducts are washed and drained, frozen at -25°C for 8 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing byproduct biological organic fertilizer, the steps are as follows:

[0054] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions, mix the microbial agent with bone mud, wheat bran and water, and ferment at 35°C for 20 hours to obtain a fermentation product; mix humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite, and red thick shell extract with the fermentation product to make granules, and dry at 35°C to obtain the product.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is replaced by nano-hydroxyapatite; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is replaced by nano-hydroxyapatite and carboxymethyl chitosan, which are directly added to the fertilizer; the dosage of the nano-hydroxyapatite and carboxymethyl chitosan is consistent with that in Example 1; and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the red calamus extract is omitted; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0061] Test example

[0062] 1. Experimental Design

[0063] The fertilizer efficiency of the bio-organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested in a field experiment. The field experiment adopted a randomized block design with a total of 7 plots, each with an area of ​​30 m 2 The experiment set up 7 treatments: blank group, no fertilizer was applied; Example 1 group, according to 1000kg / hm 2 The amount of the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 was applied; for Comparative Examples 1-3, 1000 kg / hm 2 The biological organic fertilizer prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3 was applied in an amount of; before the test, 0-20 cm soil samples were collected from each plot using the 5-point method before rice planting, and the soil nutrient content, including total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and available phosphorus content in the soil, was determined after mixing. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066] 2. Test methods and test indicators

[0067] The test lasted for 3 months. The test crop was rice, and the rice variety was Yunjing 25. The fertilization method was a one-time application before plowing. Three days before rice harvest, 5 rice plants were randomly sampled in each plot for seed testing, and the plant height, number of panicles, and number of panicles were investigated. At harvest, the grain and straw yields were measured in each plot, and the total phosphorus content of the grains and straw was measured. The sample determination method was referred to the "Soil Agricultural Chemical Analysis Methods". The results are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Calculation was performed according to the following formula: agronomic utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer = (grain yield in the fertilized area - grain yield in the blank area) / phosphorus content in the fertilized area; absorption utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer = (phosphorus absorption of rice in the fertilized area - phosphorus absorption of rice in the blank area) / phosphorus absorption of rice in the fertilized area; the results are shown in Table 3.

[0069] Table 2

[0070]

[0071] Table 3

[0072] Group Agronomic utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer (kg / kg) Phosphate fertilizer absorption and utilization rate (%) Example 1 Group 13.58 23.54 Example 2 Group 12.62 23.16 Example 3 Group 13.16 23.03 Comparative Example 1 9.05 17.82 Comparative Example 2 10.19 18.73 Comparative Example 3 9.58 18.24

[0073] As can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3, compared with traditional organic fertilizer, the rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer prepared by Examples 1-3 of the present invention can enhance the absorption and utilization rate of crops to phosphorus, and improve the yield of crops. Comparative Example 1 uses nano-hydroxyapatite instead of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, Comparative Example 2 uses nano-hydroxyapatite and carboxymethyl chitosan instead of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, and Comparative Example 3 omits the red thick shell extract in the fertilizer formula. After the three groups of fertilizers are applied, the utilization rate of phosphorus and crop yield are not as good as Examples 1-3. The reason is that the present invention modifies nano-hydroxyapatite by introducing maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan, which can improve its dispersibility and stability in the soil, and simultaneously utilizes its surface functional groups to enhance the adsorption capacity of phosphorus, reducing the loss of phosphorus in the soil. Improve the utilization rate of phosphorus. The red thick shell extract is rich in active ingredients such as polyphenol compounds and triterpenoid compounds. These ingredients have a polyhydroxy structure and can react with trace elements in the soil to form stable complexes, thereby reducing the loss of trace elements (such as iron, zinc, copper, etc.) and improving the utilization efficiency of trace elements in agricultural products, thereby improving the quality and yield of crops.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The basic principles and main features of the present invention have been described above with specific implementation schemes. On the basis of the present invention, some modifications or replacements may be made thereto, but these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of bone mud, 10-20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of red thick shell extract, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, and 20-30 parts of water; The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows: nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added into a mixed solution of ethanol and water, and refluxed to react, and the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is obtained through purification.

2. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:3-5:4-8.

3. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating reaction time is 3-5 hours; in the mixed solution of ethanol and water, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1-2:

1.

4. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the red caltrop extract comprises the following steps: drying and crushing the stems and leaves of the red caltrop to obtain red caltrop stem and leaf powder; adding the red caltrop stem and leaf powder into an ethanol solution, performing reflux extraction, collecting the extract, concentrating it, and drying it to obtain the red caltrop extract.

5. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid-liquid ratio of the red thick shell stem and leaf powder to the ethanol solution is 1g: (10-20)mL; the concentration of the ethanol solution is 60-70%; and the reflux extraction time is 2-4h.

6. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

7. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: respectively expanding and culturing Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis to ferment into microbial bacterial liquid, respectively culturing until the bacterial concentration is OD600=1, separating and removing solid impurities, spray drying, and mixing bacterial powders.

8. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bone mud preparation process is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing byproducts are washed and drained, frozen at -25 to -18°C for 8 to 12 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

9. The method for preparing the rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The raw materials are weighed according to the weight proportions, the microbial agent is mixed with bone mud, wheat bran and water for fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract are mixed with the fermentation product to prepare granules, and the granules are dried to obtain the product.

10. The method for preparing rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fermentation time is 20-30 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 30-35°C.

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