Partitioned and graded durable prevention and control method for excavating downslope slag slipping accumulation body side slope

Abstract

The invention discloses a zoning and grading durable prevention and control method for an excavation down-slope slag sliding accumulation body side slope, and belongs to the technical field of geological disaster control and ecological restoration. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a collapsed accumulation body excavation side slope is investigated in detail to obtain basic data, and then overall and local stability evaluation is conducted according to the basic data and the actual condition of the side slope; the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the overall and local stable states of an excavated slope, carrying out zoning and grading according to deformation and damage characteristics and the stable states, integrating zoning and grading results, and finally making a corresponding geological disaster control and ecological restoration scheme based on a zoning and grading comprehensive result. The method is applied according to the characteristics of side slopes of different areas and levels, geological disaster control and ecological restoration are organically combined, the stability of the side slopes can be improved, the collapse and landslide risks are reduced, the engineering safety is guaranteed, ecological protection and restoration can be promoted, the negative influence of disasters on surrounding ecology is reduced, the win-win situation of engineering construction and ecological protection is achieved, and the economic benefit is increased. And a foundation is laid for sustainable development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological disaster control and ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for durable prevention and control of the slope of a slag accumulation body excavated along a slope by zoning and grading. Background Art

[0002] Collapse deposits are deposits formed by geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows. Their composition and structure are uneven. Given the particularity and instability of collapse deposits and the complex geological conditions, the construction risk is greatly increased. Excavation of slopes often leads to slope instability, which in turn causes geological disasters such as collapse and landslides. These geological disasters not only pose a threat to engineering safety, but also have a serious impact on the surrounding ecological environment. Therefore, for the excavation of slopes of collapse deposits, there is an urgent need for a prevention and control technology that combines geological disaster management with ecological restoration.

[0003] At present, there are still some urgent problems to be solved in the ecological management of engineering slopes of landslide deposits and the zoning evaluation of large-scale landslide deposits. Most of the existing ecological management methods take soil slopes and rock slopes as research objects, without taking into account the unique engineering geological characteristics of landslide deposits such as loose structure, mixed material composition (soil and rock mixture), large permeability differences, and dynamic changes in stability. In addition, the ecological management technology and means for landslide slopes are still immature. It is urgently necessary to carry out more in-depth research and exploration in combination with the unique engineering geological characteristics of landslide slopes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a durable prevention and control method for excavating the slope of a slag accumulation body by zoning and grading, which effectively improves the stability of the slope of the slag accumulation body, while achieving effective protection and restoration of the ecological environment, and provides an innovative solution to the problem of excavating the slope of a collapsed accumulation body.

[0005] In order to achieve the above application purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is:

[0006] In a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for durable prevention and control of a slope of a slag accumulation body by zoning and grading is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] S1: Conduct detailed investigation on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data;

[0008] S2: evaluating the overall and local stability of the excavated slope according to the basic survey data and the actual situation of the excavated slope, and obtaining the overall and local stability of the excavated slope;

[0009] S3: partitioning and grading the excavated slope according to the deformation and failure characteristics and the stable state, and integrating the partitioning and grading results to obtain a comprehensive partitioning and grading result;

[0010] S4: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading of the excavated slope, formulate corresponding geological disaster control plans and ecological restoration plans.

[0011] Furthermore, in S1, a detailed investigation is conducted on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data, including:

[0012] S101: Conducting a geological environment survey on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic survey data of geological elements;

[0013] S102: Conducting an ecological environment survey on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic survey data of the original vegetation group and soil;

[0014] S103: Investigate the surface characteristics of the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data of the excavated surface, slope surface and rock and soil body.

[0015] Furthermore, the overall and local stability evaluation of the excavated slope in S2 includes:

[0016] S201: performing overall stability analysis using the limit equilibrium method according to the basic survey data and the actual situation of the slope to obtain a stable state of the slope;

[0017] S202: Based on the slope stability state, generating slope stability zones, wherein the slope stability zones include a danger zone, a local danger zone, a local safety zone, and a safety zone;

[0018] S203: Performing stability analysis on the local danger zone using a numerical analysis method.

[0019] Furthermore, the overall stability analysis using the limit equilibrium method includes:

[0020] Divide the excavation slope into several strips and establish the equilibrium equation between the strips The overall stability coefficient of the excavated slope is calculated by the equilibrium equation, where F s represents the stability safety factor, T f It represents the anti-slip force, and T represents the sliding force.

[0021] Furthermore, the local danger zone is the stability safety factor F s ∈[1.0,1.05].

[0022] Furthermore, the local danger zone adopts a numerical analysis method to perform stability analysis, including:

[0023] A1: constructing a geometric model based on the elevation data and geological data of the local danger zone, and meshing the geometric model to obtain a numerical model of the geometric model;

[0024] A2: For the numerical model, select the numerical analysis method and material constitutive model;

[0025] A3: Input basic physical and mechanical parameters of the material into the numerical model and set boundary conditions to perform initial stress field analysis;

[0026] A4: Use the strength reduction method to solve the slope safety factor of the local dangerous area;

[0027] A5: Perform displacement and strain analysis based on the slope safety factor to determine potential sliding surfaces and potential danger zones.

[0028] Furthermore, in S3, the excavated slope is zoned and graded according to the deformation and failure characteristics and the stability state of the excavated slope, and the zone classification results are integrated to obtain a comprehensive zone classification result, including:

[0029] S301: Deformation and failure characteristics are obtained based on on-site investigation and analysis of the real-scene three-dimensional numerical model;

[0030] S302: partitioning and grading the excavated slope according to different indicators in the deformation and failure characteristics and the stable state;

[0031] S303: Generate a comprehensive result of zoning and grading based on the different indicators and the zoning and grading results of the stable state.

[0032] Furthermore, the step S302 of zoning and grading the excavated slope according to different indicators in the deformation and failure characteristics and the stable state includes:

[0033] Based on the erosion failure mode in the deformation failure characteristics, zoning the excavated slope by erosion failure mode;

[0034] Based on the slope data in the deformation and failure characteristics, the excavated slope surface is graded by slope partitioning;

[0035] Based on the rock content data in the deformation and failure characteristics, the rock content of the excavated slope is zoned and graded.

[0036] Furthermore, in S303, based on the different indicators and the zoning and grading results of the stable state, a zoning and grading comprehensive result is generated, including:

[0037] According to the data of erosion damage mode zoning, slope zoning and classification, and rock content zoning and classification in S3, an intersection operation is performed to obtain a comprehensive result of the zoning and classification of the excavated slope.

[0038] Furthermore, the corresponding geological disaster control plan and ecological restoration plan are formulated based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading of the excavated slope in S4, including:

[0039] S401: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading, a geological disaster control plan is formulated for each zone;

[0040] S402: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading, formulate an ecological restoration plan for each zone;

[0041] S403: Couple the geological disaster control plan and ecological restoration plan for each sub-zone to arrive at an integrated plan for geological disasters and ecological restoration.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides a durable prevention and control method for zoning and grading the slope of an excavated downhill debris accumulation body, which conducts a detailed investigation on the excavated slope of the collapsed accumulation body to obtain comprehensive and accurate basic investigation data, thereby laying a solid foundation for subsequent stability evaluation. At the same time, overall and local stability evaluations are carried out with the support of basic investigation data and the actual conditions of the excavated slope, so as to clearly grasp the stability state of the excavated slope; the excavated slope is zoned and graded according to the deformation and failure characteristics and the slope stability state, and the grading results are integrated to obtain a comprehensive result, which is helpful to accurately invest resources according to the characteristics of slopes in different regions and at different levels, avoid excessive investment in areas with better stability, and ensure that high-risk areas are fully managed, achieve optimal allocation of resources, improve management efficiency, and reduce management costs. In addition, geological disaster control plans and ecological restoration plans were formulated based on the comprehensive results of zoning and grading, realizing the organic combination of geological disaster control and ecological restoration. This can not only effectively improve the stability of the excavated slopes, reduce the risk of geological disasters such as collapse and landslides, and ensure the safety of the project, but also simultaneously promote the protection and restoration of the ecological environment, reduce the negative impact of geological disasters on the surrounding ecology, achieve a win-win situation for engineering construction and ecological protection, and lay a solid foundation for sustainable development.

[0043] This zoning and grading durable prevention and control method fully considers the slope characteristics and long-term stability requirements. The formulated plan has good durability, can maintain the stability of the slope for a long time, continuously exert the effect of ecological restoration, reduce the subsequent maintenance costs and repeated governance costs, and provide strong guarantees for the long-term safe operation of the project and the long-term improvement of the ecological environment, bringing significant long-term benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a durable prevention and control method for excavating a downhill slag accumulation body by zoning and grading the slope provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the erosion and damage mode zoning of the implementation area provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the slope zoning of the implementation area provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 The stone content zoning map of the implementation area provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the comprehensive restoration and management plan for the implementation area provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the durable prevention and control method for zoning and grading the slope of an excavated slag accumulation body provided in an embodiment of the present application, a possible application scenario of the durable prevention and control method for zoning and grading the slope of an excavated slag accumulation body provided in an embodiment of the present application will be exemplified below. It can be understood that the following example is only one possible application scenario of the durable prevention and control method for zoning and grading the slope of an excavated slag accumulation body provided in an embodiment of the present application. In other possible embodiments, the durable prevention and control method for zoning and grading the slope of an excavated slag accumulation body provided in an embodiment of the present application can also be applied to other possible application scenarios, and the following example does not impose any limitation on this.

[0052] During the construction of a hydropower station access road, the collapsed deposits were excavated to form a "triangular" excavation slope. The collapsed deposits of the road were used as the implementation area. The excavation slope was about 220m long, about 80m high, 50m high on average, and covered an area of ​​about 7500m. 2. Due to the excavation, an opening line of about 300 meters in length has been formed. The opening line is currently in a state of extreme equilibrium. Any slight external disturbance will cause damage, resulting in rock slides on the slope, which increases the stone content of the slope. Below the opening line, a number of extremely unstable air-facing cavities have also developed. These cavities vary in size and are prone to collapse under continuous erosion. The excavation of the road not only destroys the original natural environment, but also increases the risk of geological disasters. Therefore, a method for repairing and managing the excavated slope of the collapsed accumulation body is urgently needed.

[0053] However, the existing ecological management methods mainly focus on soil slopes and rock slopes. The ecological management technologies and means for landslide slopes are not mature enough, and further in-depth research and exploration are needed in combination with the engineering geological characteristics of landslide accumulation slopes.

[0054] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for the durable prevention and control of the slope of the excavation downhill slag accumulation body by zoning and grading, which can be seen in Figure 1 , Figure 1 The figure shows a flow chart of a method for durable prevention and control of a slope of a slag accumulation body by zoning and grading provided in an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0055] S1: Conduct a detailed investigation on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data.

[0056] Optionally, the S1 specifically includes:

[0057] S101: Conducting a geological environment survey on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic survey data of geological elements;

[0058] S102: Conducting an ecological environment survey on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic survey data of the original vegetation group and soil;

[0059] S103: Investigate the surface characteristics of the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data of the excavated surface, slope surface and rock and soil body.

[0060] In one possible embodiment, a geological environmental survey is conducted on the excavated slopes of the collapsed deposit, mainly using geological survey methods such as drilling, trenching, and engineering geological mapping to conduct a detailed investigation of the lithology, meteorology, hydrology, structure, surface erosion and other factors in the area; the survey results show that the implementation area is located in a high mountain canyon area with relatively strong tectonic activity, the lithology of the regional slopes is Quaternary slope deposits, the climate is a typical dry and hot valley climate, surface erosion is relatively strong, and soil and water loss on the excavated slopes is relatively serious.

[0061] In one possible embodiment, an ecological environment survey is conducted on the excavated slope of the collapsed accumulation body, mainly using the plant sample plot survey method to investigate the composition, distribution, coverage and other indicators of the original vegetation community; the soil structure and soil nutrients are analyzed by measuring profiles, sampling, screening, indoor analysis and other methods; the survey results show that the original vegetation community in the implementation area is a shrub-grass combination model, the main shrubs are yellow broom, winter jasmine, and tsaoko, and the main herbs are alfalfa, gesanghua, and tibetan artemisia; the shrubs are widely distributed, mainly in the middle of the slopes on both sides of the canyon, and the herbs are distributed in the shade of the shrubs, and the overall plant coverage is about 40-50%; the soil structure in the implementation area is a block structure, and the soil nutrients are poor, which is manifested as nitrogen and potassium deficiency.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the characteristics of the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit are investigated, mainly by using on-site investigation and drone aerial survey to investigate the scale and shape of the excavated surface, the material composition and distribution of the slope surface; and by using indoor geotechnical tests to obtain the shear strength, permeability and other physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil in the excavation area. The survey results show that the excavated slope in the implementation area is a "triangle", about 220m long, about 60m high, 35m high on average, and covers an area of ​​about 7500m 2 The slope surface is mainly composed of gravel soil, with an internal friction angle of 35°, cohesion of 45.4ka and permeability of 25m / d.

[0063] S2: performing overall and local stability evaluation on the excavated slope according to the basic survey data and the actual situation of the excavated slope to obtain the overall and local stability status of the excavated slope.

[0064] Optionally, the S2 specifically includes:

[0065] S201: performing an overall stability analysis using a limit equilibrium method according to the basic survey data and the actual situation of the slope to obtain an overall stability state of the slope;

[0066] S202: generating slope stability zones based on the overall stability state of the slope, wherein the slope stability zones include a danger zone, a local danger zone, a local safety zone, and a safety zone;

[0067] S203: Performing stability analysis on the local danger zone using a numerical analysis method.

[0068] Furthermore, the overall stability analysis using the limit equilibrium method includes:

[0069] The excavated slope is divided into a plurality of strips and blocks, a balance equation is established between the strips and blocks, and the stability coefficient of the excavated slope is calculated through the balance equation.

[0070] In a possible implementation, it is assumed that there is a slip surface when the slope is in a limit equilibrium state, and the slope is divided into a number of strips along the slip surface, and a limit equilibrium equation between the strips is established. The equation is solved to obtain the overall stability coefficient. The limit equilibrium equation is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, F s represents the stability safety factor, T f It represents the anti-slip force, and T represents the sliding force.

[0073] Optional, F s <1.0 indicates instability, and the area is a dangerous area. 1.0≤F s <1.05 indicates understability, and the area is a local danger zone. 1.0≤F s <1.05 indicates basic stability, and the area is a local safety zone. 1.15≤F s It means it is very stable and the area is a safe zone.

[0074] Furthermore, the local danger zone adopts a numerical analysis method to perform stability analysis, including:

[0075] A1: constructing a geometric model based on the elevation data and geological data of the local danger zone, and meshing the geometric model to obtain a numerical model of the geometric model;

[0076] A2: For the numerical model, select the numerical analysis method and material constitutive model;

[0077] A3: Input basic physical and mechanical parameters of the material into the numerical model and set boundary conditions to perform initial stress field analysis;

[0078] A4: Use the strength reduction method to solve the slope safety factor of the local dangerous area;

[0079] A5: Perform displacement and strain analysis based on the slope safety factor to determine potential sliding surfaces and potential danger zones.

[0080] In a possible implementation, the local danger zone adopts the numerical analysis method for stability analysis: the first step: construct the geometric model and mesh division through elevation data and geological data, and the mesh should be encrypted in the potential sliding area (such as the foot of the slope, weak interlayer) during mesh division; the second step: select the appropriate numerical analysis method (finite element method, finite difference method, etc.); the third step: select the material constitutive model such as the Mohr-Coulomb criterion or the Drucker-Prager criterion; the fourth step: input the basic physical and mechanical parameters of the material (input the basic physical and mechanical parameters of the material such as density, internal friction angle, permeability coefficient, elastic modulus The fifth step is to set boundary conditions, including displacement boundary conditions (fixed model bottom and lateral displacement), load application conditions (gravity load, pore water pressure, etc.); the sixth step is initial stress field analysis, which mainly includes initial geostress balance analysis, simulating the stress distribution of the slope in the natural state, and ensuring that the initial vertical stress and horizontal stress are consistent with the actual situation; the seventh step is to use the strength reduction method to solve the slope safety factor; the eighth step is displacement and strain analysis, analyzing the displacement to determine the potential sliding surface, and analyzing the distribution of plastic zones (such as shear strain concentration areas) to determine the potential dangerous areas.

[0081] S3: According to the deformation and failure characteristics and the stable state, the excavated slope is divided into zones and grades, and the results of the zone and grade are integrated to obtain a comprehensive result of the zone and grade.

[0082] Optionally, the S3 includes:

[0083] S301: Deformation and failure characteristics are obtained based on on-site investigation and analysis of the real-scene three-dimensional numerical model.

[0084] In a possible embodiment, the deformation and failure characteristics may be development characteristics of tensile cracks, basic characteristics of deformation and failure zones, and modes of deformation and failure.

[0085] S302: Zoning and grading the excavated slope according to different indicators in the deformation and failure characteristics and the stability state, specifically including:

[0086] Based on the erosion failure mode in the deformation failure characteristics, zoning the excavated slope by erosion failure mode;

[0087] Based on the slope data in the deformation and failure characteristics, the excavated slope surface is graded by slope partitioning;

[0088] Based on the rock content data in the deformation and failure characteristics, the rock content of the excavated slope is zoned and graded.

[0089] In a possible embodiment, the erosion failure mode of the excavated slope is divided into erosion failure mode zones by combining the basic survey data and the erosion failure mode in the deformation failure characteristics. Figure 2 As shown, it includes the opening line collapse zone, the steep sliding scattered zone, the medium-slow gravel rest zone, and the slow-broken block rock stable zone.

[0090] Among them, the erosion and damage modes of excavated slopes can be gravity erosion, wind erosion and water erosion.

[0091] In a possible embodiment, the slope data in the basic survey data is analyzed, mainly by constructing a three-dimensional real-life model through the drone aerial survey data with elevation information to generate a digital elevation model (DEM), and then using the slope analysis function in ArcGIS to extract and analyze the slope. Finally, the excavated slope is divided and graded according to the appropriate slope range. The slope of the implementation area is divided into three areas: A (30-35°), B (35-40°), and C (40-45°). The slope zoning can be seen in Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the slope zoning of the implementation area provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0092] It can be understood that ArcGIS is a powerful geographic information system (GIS) software developed by the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) of the United States. Slope extraction and analysis in ArcGIS can usually be carried out with the help of ArcGIS Pro or ArcMap software. Taking ArcGIS Pro software as an example, in ArcGIS Pro software, the prepared DEM data is added to the map, the slope tool is opened, and the parameters are set to calculate the slope. After the calculation is completed, the result is automatically added to the map. In the software system, select the symbol system and the appropriate symbolization method, such as "gradient color", divide the slope value into different levels, and set different colors for each level, so as to intuitively observe the distribution of the slope. Use the "summary statistics" tool to perform a more detailed statistical analysis of the slope data, such as calculating the area of ​​different slope levels, etc. Use the "reclassification" tool to divide the slope value into different levels according to actual needs, for example, divide the slope into three areas of A (30-35°), B (35-40°), and C (40-45°).

[0093] In a possible embodiment, the high-definition orthophoto image of the drone in the survey data is binarized, and then the particle size analysis software is used to perform particle size analysis and the content of particles with a particle size of more than 5 mm is called the stone content. Finally, the stone content of the excavated slope is divided into three areas: A (15-45%), B (5-15%), and C (45-75%). The stone content zoning can be seen in Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a stone content zoning map for the implementation area provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0094] It can be understood that the drone high-definition orthophoto image can be an image with high resolution and orthographic projection characteristics obtained by the photographic equipment carried by the drone. It can truly reflect the shape, position and texture information of the ground object, and the binarization processing is the process of converting the grayscale value of each pixel in this image into only two values ​​(usually 0 and 255, representing black and white respectively). The processed image is called a binary image.

[0095] S303: Generate a comprehensive result of zoning and grading based on the different indicators and the zoning and grading results of the stable state.

[0096] Optionally, an intersection operation is performed based on the data of erosion damage mode zoning, slope zoning and classification, and rock content zoning and classification in S3 to obtain a comprehensive result of zoning and classification of the excavated slope.

[0097] S4: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading of the excavated slope, a corresponding geological disaster control plan and ecological restoration plan are formulated, including:

[0098] S401: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading, a geological disaster control plan is formulated for each zone.

[0099] S402: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading, an ecological restoration plan is formulated for each zone.

[0100] In a possible embodiment, a corresponding management plan is formulated for each zone from the perspective of managing geological disasters. The protection measures may be to use material reinforcement and active nets at the opening line, to use slope clearing + slope reinforcement measures for the empty cavity, to use gravity retaining walls and passive net protection measures for the foot of the slope, and to use flexible intercepting drainage ditches to drain the gullies at the rear edge of the opening line.

[0101] S403: Couple the geological disaster control plan and ecological restoration plan for each sub-zone to arrive at an integrated plan for geological disasters and ecological restoration.

[0102] In a possible embodiment, a corresponding ecological restoration plan is formulated for each zone from the perspective of ecological restoration. For areas with large slopes (40-45°), measures such as planting reinforcement + double-layer hanging nets + spraying soil are adopted; for areas with large slopes (35-40°), measures such as planting reinforcement + single-layer hook nets + spraying soil are adopted; and for areas with small slopes (30-35°), measures such as slope clearing + spraying soil are adopted, wherein the sprayed soil contains seeds of native plants.

[0103] In a possible embodiment, the geological disaster control plan for each sub-area of ​​the implementation area is coupled with the ecological restoration plan to obtain a more suitable integrated plan for geological disasters and ecological restoration. The comprehensive restoration and control plan for the implementation area section is shown in Figure 5 .

[0104] Through the investigation of the slope after repair and treatment, the results show that after treatment, the gravel accumulation at the opening line has formed a whole, and the overall stability has been greatly enhanced, which is in sharp contrast with the areas without prevention and control. It can be seen that the vegetation on the excavated slope surface has formed a relatively complete community, with an overall coverage rate of about 85%. Soil and water loss has been curbed and geological disasters have been effectively controlled.

[0105] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides a durable prevention and control method for zoning and grading the slope of an excavated downhill debris accumulation body, which conducts a detailed investigation on the excavated slope of the collapsed accumulation body to obtain comprehensive and accurate basic investigation data, thereby laying a solid foundation for subsequent stability evaluation. At the same time, overall and local stability evaluations are carried out with the support of basic investigation data and the actual conditions of the excavated slope, so as to clearly grasp the overall and local stability status of the excavated slope; the excavated slope is zoned and graded according to the deformation and failure characteristics and the stability status, and the grading results are integrated to obtain a comprehensive result, which is helpful to accurately invest resources according to the characteristics of slopes in different regions and at different levels, avoid excessive investment in areas with better stability, and ensure that high-risk areas are fully managed, achieve optimal allocation of resources, improve management efficiency, and reduce management costs. In addition, geological disaster control plans and ecological restoration plans were formulated based on the comprehensive results of zoning and grading, realizing the organic combination of geological disaster control and ecological restoration. This can not only effectively improve the stability of the excavated slopes, reduce the risk of geological disasters such as collapse and landslides, and ensure the safety of the project, but also simultaneously promote the protection and restoration of the ecological environment, reduce the negative impact of geological disasters on the surrounding ecology, achieve a win-win situation for engineering construction and ecological protection, and lay a solid foundation for sustainable development.

[0106] This zoning and grading durable prevention and control method fully considers the slope characteristics and long-term stability requirements. The formulated plan has good durability, can maintain the stability of the slope for a long time, continuously exert the effect of ecological restoration, reduce the subsequent maintenance costs and repeated governance costs, and provide strong guarantees for the long-term safe operation of the project and the long-term improvement of the ecological environment, bringing significant long-term benefits.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present application, and should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations that do not deviate from the essence of the present application based on the technical revelations disclosed in the present application, and these variations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A durable prevention and control method for excavating a downhill slag accumulation body by zoning and grading the slope, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1: Conduct detailed investigation on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data; S2: evaluating the overall and local stability of the excavated slope according to the basic survey data and the actual situation of the excavated slope, and obtaining the overall and local stability of the excavated slope; S3: partitioning and grading the excavated slope according to the deformation and failure characteristics and the stable state, and integrating the partitioning and grading results to obtain a comprehensive partitioning and grading result; S4: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading of the excavated slope, formulate corresponding geological disaster control plans and ecological restoration plans.

2. The method for durable prevention and control of excavated downhill slag accumulation by zoning and grading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, a detailed investigation is conducted on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data, including: S101: Conducting a geological environment survey on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic survey data of geological elements; S102: Conducting an ecological environment survey on the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic survey data of the original vegetation group and soil; S103: Investigate the surface characteristics of the excavated slope of the collapsed deposit to obtain basic investigation data of the excavated surface, slope surface and rock and soil body.

3. The method for durable prevention and control of excavated downhill slag accumulation by zoning and grading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The overall and local stability evaluation of the excavated slope is performed in S2, including: S201: performing an overall stability analysis using a limit equilibrium method according to the basic survey data and the actual situation of the slope to obtain an overall stability state of the slope; S202: generating slope stability zones based on the overall stability state of the slope, wherein the slope stability zones include a danger zone, a local danger zone, a local safety zone, and a safety zone; S203: Performing stability analysis on the local danger zone using a numerical analysis method.

4. The method for durable prevention and control of the slope of the excavated downhill slag accumulation body by zoning and grading according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The overall stability analysis using the limit equilibrium method comprises: The excavation slope is divided into several strips and blocks, and the equilibrium equation between the strips and blocks is established: The overall stability coefficient of the excavated slope is calculated by the equilibrium equation, where represents the stability safety factor, represents the anti-sliding force, and represents the sliding force.

5. The method for durable prevention and control of slope zoning and grading of downhill slag accumulation bodies according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The local danger zone is the stability safety factor F s ∈[1.0,1.05].

6. The method for durable prevention and control of slope zoning and grading of downhill slag accumulation bodies according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The local danger zone adopts numerical analysis method to carry out stability analysis, including: A1: constructing a geometric model based on the elevation data and geological data of the local danger zone, and meshing the geometric model to obtain a numerical model of the geometric model; A2: For the numerical model, select the numerical analysis method and material constitutive model; A3: Input basic physical and mechanical parameters of the material into the numerical model and set boundary conditions to perform initial stress field analysis; A4: Use the strength reduction method to solve the slope safety factor of the local dangerous area; A5: Perform displacement and strain analysis based on the slope safety factor to determine potential sliding surfaces and potential danger zones.

7. The method for durable prevention and control of slope zoning and grading of slag accumulation bodies excavated along the slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S3 includes: S301: Deformation and failure characteristics are obtained based on on-site investigation and analysis of the real-scene three-dimensional numerical model; S302: partitioning and grading the excavated slope according to different indicators in the deformation and failure characteristics and the stable state; S303: Generate a comprehensive result of zoning and grading based on the different indicators and the zoning and grading results of the stable state.

8. The method for durable prevention and control of excavated downhill slag accumulation by zoning and grading according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The step S302 of zoning and grading the excavated slope according to different indicators in the deformation and failure characteristics and the stable state includes: Based on the erosion failure mode in the deformation failure characteristics, zoning the excavated slope by erosion failure mode; Based on the slope data in the deformation and failure characteristics, the excavated slope surface is graded by slope partitioning; Based on the rock content data in the deformation and failure characteristics, the rock content of the excavated slope is zoned and graded.

9. The method for durable prevention and control of slope zoning and grading of slag accumulation bodies excavated along the slope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S303 generates a comprehensive result of zoning and grading based on the different indicators and the zoning and grading results of the stable state, including: According to the data of erosion damage mode zoning, slope zoning and classification, and rock content zoning and classification in S3, an intersection operation is performed to obtain a comprehensive result of the zoning and classification of the excavated slope.

10. The method for durable prevention and control of slope zoning and grading of downhill slag accumulation bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 of formulating a corresponding geological disaster control plan and ecological restoration plan based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading of the excavated slope includes: S401: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading, a geological disaster control plan is formulated for each zone; S402: Based on the comprehensive results of the zoning and grading, formulate an ecological restoration plan for each zone; S403: Couple the geological disaster control plan and ecological restoration plan for each sub-zone to arrive at an integrated plan for geological disasters and ecological restoration.

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