Improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device and detection method

Abstract

An improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device and detection method, the detection device at least includes a loading unit, a monitoring device and a counter force unit, the loading unit includes an anti-overturning screw pile, a connecting cross frame, a self-adaptive fulcrum, a ball hoop system, a self-adaptive steel lever, a steel force applying beam and a steel force transmission beam, a plurality of anti-overturning screw piles are driven into water and connected together through the connecting cross frame to form an anti-overturning screw pile foundation, the self-adaptive steel lever is connected with the anti-overturning screw pile through the ball hoop system and the self-adaptive fulcrum, the short arm end of the self-adaptive steel lever is connected with the test pile through the steel force applying beam, and the long arm end is connected with a steel high-strength cable through the steel force transmission beam; a digital force gauge of the monitoring unit is fixed on the steel force applying beam, and a cloud platform laser displacement sensor is fixed on the connecting cross frame. The device has the advantages of self-adaptation of test space object, self-adaptation of loading size and position, convenient and efficient construction, reusability, and great reduction of detection cost and time period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of offshore pile foundation bearing capacity detection, and specifically relates to an improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device and detection method, which is particularly suitable for offshore pile foundation bearing capacity detection and pile foundation ultimate bearing capacity assessment. Background Art

[0002] At present, various marine facilities such as offshore wind turbines, drilling platforms, cross-sea bridges, and coastal docks are being constructed on a large scale. The extreme horizontal loads such as various wind, wave, current, and ship collisions in the marine environment have placed high demands on the horizontal bearing capacity of offshore pile foundations. Therefore, accurate testing of the horizontal bearing capacity of offshore pile foundations is of vital importance to ensuring the safe operation of marine projects and extending their service life.

[0003] Currently, there are two main types of horizontal bearing test methods for underwater pile foundations in engineering projects. The first is the horizontal static load test method, which typically involves driving several reaction anchor piles near the test pile foundation. A large reaction platform and device are then constructed on-site. Large-scale pressure equipment and reaction devices are used to apply horizontal loads to the test piles, measuring the displacement development and deformation and damage of the pile foundation to assess the bearing capacity. This method is traditional and reliable, but it is costly and the single stress point can lead to test failure. The second type is the horizontal dynamic test method. In 2017, Professor Zhu Bin's team at Zhejiang University conducted horizontal cyclic loading tests using two anti-collision piles from the flexible pier pile-type anti-collision system of the offshore transmission tower foundation for the Zhoushan-mainland large-span transmission line project. The test tower foundation was used to provide the reaction force required for horizontal loading of the test piles. The horizontal displacement of the test piles was measured using a steel ruler convergence meter between the test piles and the reaction piles. The loading system consisted of a wire rope, a special 40-ton hand chain hoist, a connecting plate, and an axial force gauge. The hand chain hoist applied horizontal cyclic loads to the test piles. The test revealed the pile-soil interaction patterns under horizontal cyclic loading, as well as the development patterns of pile foundation horizontal displacement and pile bending moment. However, due to the difficulty and unreplicability of conducting horizontal dynamic in-situ tests on pile foundations on water, this method requires further research.

[0004] The patent document with application number 2023102484732 discloses a lever-type water pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device. The device uses a support, a fulcrum, a lever, and a crossbeam to form a loading system to apply load. The load is transmitted through the connection between the crossbeam and the test pile and the test ship. The device has four shortcomings: first, the slender support is not stable enough and may be bent or even damaged due to the torque generated by the crossbeam and the high-strength steel cable during the test pile loading; second, the lateral connection between the lever and the support may cause eccentric loading on the support, leading to bending or even damage of the support; third, the hinged connection between the lever and the fulcrum cannot limit the lever to always be in the vertical plane during the test, making it prone to lateral swing under the influence of wave load, affecting the accuracy of the test results; fourth, the vertically arranged lever is not easy to adjust the ratio of the long arm and the short arm, and cannot guarantee the large loading demand. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device and method that can overcome the shortcomings of existing technology, simplify the testing process, reduce testing costs and cycle time, and adapt to complex and variable marine environments. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device and method that can adapt to the test object and the loading size and position, is convenient and efficient to construct, can be reused, and greatly reduces the detection cost and time cycle.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problem is:

[0007] An improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device is arranged near the test pile to be tested, and at least includes a loading unit, a monitoring unit and a reaction unit, wherein the loading unit includes an anti-overturning spiral pile, a connecting cross frame, an adaptive fulcrum, a ball hoop system, an adaptive steel lever, a steel force beam and a steel force transmission beam, the anti-overturning spiral pile is driven into the water, and a plurality of anti-overturning spiral piles are connected together by the connecting cross frame to form an anti-overturning spiral pile foundation, the adaptive fulcrum is set on the anti-overturning spiral pile of the anti-overturning spiral pile foundation close to the test pile, the adaptive steel lever is connected to the anti-overturning spiral pile through the ball hoop system and the adaptive fulcrum, and the adaptive steel lever is divided into two ends of different lengths with the adaptive fulcrum as the center, the long end is a long arm end, and the short end is a short arm end. At the arm end, the adaptive steel lever is located on one side of the short arm end and is connected to the test pile through the steel force beam; the adaptive steel lever is located on the other side of the long arm end (opposite to the side where the short arm end is connected to the steel force beam) and is welded and fixed to one end of the steel force transmission beam, and the other end of the steel force transmission beam is flexibly connected to one end of a high-strength steel cable, and the other end of the high-strength steel cable is connected to the reaction unit; the monitoring unit includes a digital dynamometer and a pan-tilt laser displacement sensor, and the digital dynamometer is fixed on the steel force beam for measuring the axial force of the steel force beam; the pan-tilt laser displacement sensor is fixed on the connecting cross frame for non-contact monitoring of the deformation displacement of the test pile; the reaction unit is a winch or servo loading system on the test hull.

[0008] According to the above solution, 3 to 5 anti-overturning spiral piles are provided, and each anti-overturning spiral pile is formed by adding a large-diameter anti-overturning spiral blade on the upper part of the spiral pile.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the ball hoop system is mounted on the adaptive fulcrum (welded connection), and the adaptive steel lever is mounted on the ball hoop system (welded connection). The ball hoop system limits the adaptive steel lever to rotate only in the horizontal plane with the adaptive fulcrum as the center (and at the same time can reduce rotational friction).

[0010] According to the above solution, the adaptive steel lever is made of high-quality alloy steel plate and has an arc-shaped structure with a wide short arm end and a narrow long arm end.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the short arm end of the adaptive steel lever is welded and fixed to one end of the steel force beam, the other end of the steel force beam is temporarily welded to the outer wall of the test pile, and the end of the steel force beam connected to the test pile is cut into an inward "concave" shape, and the curvature of the concave shape is consistent with the curvature of the outer wall of the test pile. The steel force beam is temporarily welded to the outer wall of the test pile (to avoid slippage at the connection between the steel force beam and the test pile during the test loading process).

[0012] According to the above solution, the ratio of the long arm end to the short arm end of the adaptive steel lever is 2:1~5:1.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the steel force beam and the steel force transmission beam are made of high-quality alloy steel plates, which are long and narrow in width and are in the shape of long strips; the steel force beam and the steel force transmission beam are arranged at 90° to the adaptive steel lever as a whole.

[0014] According to the above scheme, for small-diameter pile foundations, the reaction force unit only uses a winch to provide the test reaction force; for large-tonnage and large-diameter pile foundations, the reaction force unit uses both a winch and a servo loading system.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for testing the horizontal bearing capacity of an offshore pile foundation using the improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] (1) Preliminary preparation: In accordance with the project requirements, survey and select the test site, design the test plan and corresponding test equipment according to the specifications of the test piles and the bearing capacity requirements, prefabricate and prepare the corresponding test piles, adaptive steel levers, steel force beams, steel force transmission beams, adaptive fulcrums, ball hoop systems, anti-overturning spiral piles, connecting cross frames, steel high-strength cables, digital dynamometers, pan-tilt laser displacement sensors and reaction units;

[0017] (2) On-site deployment: transport the detection device to the vicinity of the sea area where the test pile is to be tested, first sink the test pile, keep the pile body vertical during the sinking process, and the inclination must be within the allowable range of the project, then bury the anti-overturning spiral pile at a distance of 2-4 times the pile diameter from the test pile, erect the adaptive steel lever, the connecting cross frame, the steel force beam, the steel force transmission beam, the adaptive fulcrum, and deploy the digital dynamometer, the pan-tilt laser displacement sensor, the steel high-strength cable and the reaction unit;

[0018] (3) Gradual loading test: by activating the reaction force unit, gradually loading is performed, and at the same time, the axial force of the steel force beam measured by the dynamometer and the horizontal displacement of the test pile measured by the pan-tilt laser displacement sensor are recorded under each load level;

[0019] (4) Subsequent work: After the experiment, the detection device will be recovered, the test data will be processed, the load-displacement curve will be drawn, the load-displacement curve of the pile foundation will be analyzed, the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile foundation will be evaluated, and the horizontal bearing capacity test of the offshore pile foundation will be completed.

[0020] According to the above solution, in step (2), for multiple adjacent test piles, the adaptive support is set at a suitable position, so that one adaptive support can detect multiple test piles at the same time.

[0021] The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device and method of the present invention has significant economic and efficiency advantages compared to traditional horizontal bearing capacity testing methods, mainly including:

[0022] 1. The reaction force of this method can be provided by the anti-overturning spiral pile foundation, eliminating the need to drive a circle of high-bearing-capacity anchor piles around the test piles and build a large platform to provide the reaction force. The anti-overturning spiral pile foundation not only reduces the conventional large reaction platform to a connecting platform for the anti-overturning spiral piles, but its huge anti-overturning capacity also reduces the number of spiral piles, thus reducing the huge economic and time costs of manufacturing and installing reaction anchor piles and platforms in the anchor pile method test.

[0023] 2. The test object is adaptive. For multiple adjacent test piles, adaptive fulcrums can be set up at appropriate positions to achieve the purpose of completing multiple test pile tests at the same time. At the same time, the test equipment of this method can be recycled and reused, with significant economic benefits;

[0024] 3. Adaptive loading size: This method can meet the test requirements of test piles of different sizes by adjusting the size ratio of the long arm end and the short arm end of the adaptive steel lever and the number of anti-overturning spiral piles. During the test loading, the shielding effect of the anti-overturning spiral pile foundation is opposite to the force direction of the test piles, so that anti-overturning spiral piles can be dynamically added, which has a wide range of applications.

[0025] 4. Loading position adaptation: This method can adjust the height of the adaptive steel lever to meet the test pile requirements of different loading positions. At the same time, compared with applying horizontal tension by direct towing by a ship, this method can limit the applied horizontal tension to the action plane of the adaptive steel lever, avoiding the continuous change of the horizontal tension direction caused by the shaking of the hull during direct towing, which in turn causes excessive test errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the device for detecting the horizontal bearing capacity of offshore pile foundations according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is an overall top view of the device for detecting the horizontal bearing capacity of offshore pile foundations according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single anti-overturning screw pile in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the adaptive steel lever, steel force beam and steel force transmission beam in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the ball hoop system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the connecting cross frame in the present invention;

[0032] In the figure: 1-test pile, 2-adaptive steel lever, 3-steel force beam, 4-steel force transmission beam, 5-adaptive fulcrum, 6-ball hoop system, 7-anti-overturning screw pile, 8-connecting cross frame, 9-steel high-strength cable, 10-digital dynamometer, 11-pan-tilt laser displacement sensor, 12-reaction unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or its variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" will be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or components.

[0034] like Figure 1-6As shown, an improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device described in the present invention is arranged near the test pile 1 to be tested, and includes a loading unit, a monitoring unit and a reaction unit. The loading unit includes an anti-overturning spiral pile 7, a connecting cross frame 8, an adaptive fulcrum 5, a ball hoop system 6 (a hoop system composed of balls), an adaptive steel lever 2, a steel force beam 3 and a steel force transmission beam 4. The anti-overturning spiral pile 7 is driven into the water, and multiple anti-overturning spiral piles 7 are connected together by the connecting cross frame 8 to form an anti-overturning spiral pile foundation. The adaptive fulcrum 5 is set on the anti-overturning spiral piles in the front row (close to the test pile 1) of the anti-overturning spiral pile foundation. The adaptive steel lever 2 is connected to the anti-overturning spiral pile 7 through the ball hoop system 6 and the adaptive fulcrum 5. The ball hoop system 6 can reduce rotational friction while limiting the adaptive steel lever 2 to rotate only in the horizontal plane with the adaptive fulcrum 5 as the center of the circle; for multiple adjacent test piles 1, the adaptive fulcrum 5 is set at a suitable position, so that one adaptive fulcrum 5 can detect multiple test piles at the same time. 1. Significant economic benefits; The adaptive steel lever 2 is divided into two ends of different lengths with the adaptive fulcrum 5 as the center, the long end is the long arm end, and the short end is the short arm end. The short arm end of the adaptive steel lever 2 is connected to the test pile 1 through the steel force beam 3. One side of the short arm end is welded and fixed to one end of the steel force beam 3. The other end of the steel force beam 3 is temporarily welded to the outer wall of the test pile 1 (to avoid slippage at the connection between the steel force beam 3 and the test pile 1 during the test loading process). The steel force beam 3 and the test pile 1 are connected. One end of the connection is cut into an inward "concave" shape, and the curvature of the concave shape is consistent with the curvature of the outer wall of the test pile 1; the other side of the long arm end of the adaptive steel lever 2 (the opposite side of the side where the short arm end is connected to the steel force beam 3) is welded and fixed to one end of the steel force transmission beam 4, and the other end of the steel force transmission beam 4 is flexibly connected to one end of the steel high-strength cable 9, and the other end of the steel high-strength cable 9 is connected to the reaction unit 12. The steel force beam 3 and the steel force transmission beam 4 are arranged at 90° to the adaptive steel lever 2 as a whole.

[0035] The monitoring unit comprises a digital dynamometer 10 and a pan-tilt laser displacement sensor 11. The digital dynamometer 10 is fixed to the steel force beam 3 and measures the axial force of the steel force beam 3. Under quasi-static conditions, the axial force of the steel force beam 3 is equal to the horizontal thrust applied to the pile foundation, enabling real-time monitoring of the horizontal force acting on the pile foundation. The pan-tilt laser displacement sensor 11 is fixed to the connecting crossbeam 8 and provides non-contact monitoring of the deformation and displacement of the test pile 1. The pan-tilt laser displacement sensor boasts high precision and rapid response. Utilizing the principle of laser triangulation, it projects a visible red laser onto a pre-marked test point on the test pile. The reflected laser light passes through a receiver lens and is received by an internal CCD camera. Digital circuitry then processes and analyzes the output distance between the sensor and the test pile, which is then processed to determine the horizontal displacement of the test pile. The pan-tilt anti-shake system provides a stable support platform for the laser displacement sensor, ensuring that the digital laser displacement sensor is not affected by fluctuations in water flow, wind, and other factors during measurement, thereby improving measurement stability and accuracy. In actual tests, the axial force of the steel force beam and the horizontal displacement of the test pile 1 can be designed to be automatically collected. The relevant test results can be input into the post-processing computer in real time, and the horizontal load-displacement response of the test pile 1 can be plotted through data processing ( p - y ) curve to evaluate its horizontal load-bearing characteristics.

[0036] The reaction unit 12 is a winch or servo loading system on the test hull. During the test, turning on the reaction unit 12 applies tension to the high-strength steel cable 9. Under the action of this force, the adaptive steel lever 2 rotates about the adaptive fulcrum 5, causing the horizontal steel force beam 3 to exert a horizontal thrust on the test pile 1. For small-diameter pile foundations, only the winch is required to provide the test reaction force; for large-tonnage, large-diameter pile foundations, both the winch and the servo loading system are required to meet the horizontal bearing test requirements of high-capacity pile foundations.

[0037] The anti-overturning spiral pile 7 changes the structure of the traditional spiral pile by adding a large-diameter anti-overturning spiral blade on the upper part of the spiral pile, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the pile body, especially the anti-overturning ability. Its huge anti-overturning ability can also reduce the number of spiral piles, reducing the huge economic and time costs of manufacturing and installing reaction anchor piles and platforms in the anchor pile method test; in the embodiment, the anti-overturning spiral piles 7 can be 3 to 5.

[0038] The adaptive steel lever 2 is made of high-quality alloy steel plate and has an arc-shaped structure with a wide short arm end and a narrow long arm end to increase the stiffness of the force-applying end. At the same time, the size of the adaptive steel lever 2 is designed according to the design bearing capacity of the test pile 1, so that the bending stiffness of the adaptive steel lever 2 is much greater than the ultimate bearing capacity of the test pile 1, thereby avoiding bending of the adaptive steel lever 2 during the test loading process.

[0039] The steel force beam 3 and the steel force transmission beam 4 are made of high-quality alloy steel plates. The steel plates are long in length and narrow in width, and are in the shape of long strips.

[0040] The method for testing the horizontal bearing capacity of an offshore pile foundation using the improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Preliminary preparation: According to the project requirements, survey and select the test site, design the test plan and corresponding test equipment according to the specifications of the test piles and the bearing capacity requirements, prefabricate and prepare the corresponding test piles 1, adaptive steel levers 2, steel force beams 3, steel force transmission beams 4, adaptive fulcrums 5, ball hoop systems 6, anti-overturning spiral piles 7, connecting cross frames 8, steel high-strength cables 9, digital dynamometers 10, pan-tilt laser displacement sensors 11 and reaction force units 12;

[0042] (2) On-site deployment: transport the detection device to the vicinity of the sea area where the test pile 1 is to be tested. First, sink the test pile 1. During the sinking process, keep the pile body vertical and the inclination within the allowable range of the project. Then, bury the anti-overturning spiral pile 7 at a distance of 2-4 times the pile diameter from the test pile. Set up the adaptive steel lever 2, connecting cross frame 8, steel force beam 3, steel force transmission beam 4, adaptive fulcrum 5, and lay out the digital dynamometer 10, pan-tilt laser displacement sensor 11, steel high-strength cable 9, and reaction unit 12. For multiple adjacent test piles 1, the adaptive fulcrum 5 is set at a suitable position to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple test piles 1 by one adaptive fulcrum 5.

[0043] (3) Gradual loading test: by activating the reaction force unit, the loading is carried out step by step, and at the same time, the axial force of the steel force beam measured by the digital dynamometer 10 and the horizontal displacement of the test pile 1 measured by the pan-tilt laser displacement sensor 11 are recorded at each load level;

[0044] (4) Subsequent work: After the experiment, the detection device will be recovered, the test data will be processed, the load-displacement curve will be drawn, the load-displacement curve of the pile foundation will be analyzed, the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile foundation will be evaluated, and the horizontal bearing capacity test of the offshore pile foundation will be completed.

[0045] The present invention is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, various corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the present invention, and the corresponding changes and modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device, arranged near the pile to be tested, characterized in that: At least includes a loading unit, a monitoring unit and a reaction unit, the loading unit includes an anti-overturning spiral pile, a connecting cross frame, an adaptive fulcrum, a ball hoop system, an adaptive steel lever, a steel force beam and a steel force transmission beam, the anti-overturning spiral pile is driven into the water, and a plurality of anti-overturning spiral piles are connected together by the connecting cross frame to form an anti-overturning spiral pile foundation, the adaptive fulcrum is set on the anti-overturning spiral pile of the anti-overturning spiral pile foundation close to the test pile, the adaptive steel lever is connected to the anti-overturning spiral pile through the ball hoop system and the adaptive fulcrum, and the adaptive steel lever is divided into two ends of different lengths with the adaptive fulcrum as the center, and the long end is a long arm end, the short end is the short arm end, and the short arm end is connected to the test pile through the steel force beam; the long arm end is welded and fixed to one end of the steel force transmission beam, and the other end of the steel force transmission beam is flexibly connected to one end of a steel high-strength cable, and the other end of the steel high-strength cable is connected to the reaction unit; the monitoring unit includes a digital dynamometer and a pan-tilt laser displacement sensor, the digital dynamometer is fixed on the steel force beam, and is used to measure the axial force of the steel force beam; the pan-tilt laser displacement sensor is fixed on the connecting cross frame, and is used to non-contact monitor the deformation displacement of the test pile; the reaction unit is a winch or servo loading system on the test hull.

2. The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-overturning spiral piles are provided in 3 to 5 numbers, and each anti-overturning spiral pile is formed by adding a large-diameter anti-overturning spiral blade on the upper part of the spiral pile.

3. The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball hoop system is sleeved on the adaptive fulcrum, and the adaptive steel lever is sleeved on the ball hoop system. The ball hoop system limits the adaptive steel lever to rotate only in the horizontal plane with the adaptive fulcrum as the center.

4. The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-adaptive steel lever is made of high-quality alloy steel plate, and has an arc-shaped structure with a wide short arm end and a narrow long arm end.

5. The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short arm end of the adaptive steel lever is welded and fixed to one end of the steel force beam, and the other end of the steel force beam is temporarily welded to the outer wall of the test pile. The end of the steel force beam connected to the test pile is cut into an inward "concave" shape, and the curvature of the concave shape is consistent with the curvature of the outer wall of the test pile. The steel force beam is temporarily welded to the outer wall of the test pile.

6. The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the long arm end to the short arm end of the adaptive steel lever is 2:1 to 5:

1.

7. The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel force beam and the steel force transmission beam are made of high-quality alloy steel plates. The steel plates are long and narrow, and are in the shape of long strips. The steel force beam and the steel force transmission beam are arranged at 90 degrees to the adaptive steel lever as a whole.

8. The improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: For small-diameter pile foundations, the reaction force unit only uses a winch to provide the test reaction force; for large-tonnage and large-diameter pile foundations, the reaction force unit uses both a winch and a servo loading system.

9. A method for testing the horizontal bearing capacity of an offshore pile foundation using the improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Preliminary preparation: In accordance with the project requirements, survey and select the test site, design the test plan and corresponding test equipment according to the specifications of the test piles and the bearing capacity requirements, prefabricate and prepare the corresponding test piles, adaptive steel levers, steel force beams, steel force transmission beams, adaptive fulcrums, ball hoop systems, anti-overturning spiral piles, connecting cross frames, steel high-strength cables, digital dynamometers, pan-tilt laser displacement sensors and reaction units; (2) On-site deployment: transport the detection device to the vicinity of the sea area where the test pile is to be tested, first sink the test pile, keep the pile body vertical during the sinking process, and the inclination must be within the allowable range of the project, then bury the anti-overturning spiral pile at a distance of 2-4 times the pile diameter from the test pile, erect the adaptive steel lever, the connecting cross frame, the steel force beam, the steel force transmission beam, the adaptive fulcrum, and deploy the digital dynamometer, the pan-tilt laser displacement sensor, the steel high-strength cable and the reaction unit; (3) Gradual loading test: by activating the reaction force unit, gradually loading is performed, and at the same time, the axial force of the steel force beam measured by the dynamometer and the horizontal displacement of the test pile measured by the pan-tilt laser displacement sensor are recorded under each load level; (4) Subsequent work: After the experiment, the detection device will be recovered, the test data will be processed, the load-displacement curve will be drawn, the load-displacement curve of the pile foundation will be analyzed, the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile foundation will be evaluated, and the horizontal bearing capacity test of the offshore pile foundation will be completed.

10. The method for testing the horizontal bearing capacity of an offshore pile foundation using an improved offshore pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step (2), for a plurality of adjacent test piles, the adaptive support is set at a suitable position, so that one adaptive support can detect a plurality of test piles at the same time.

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