Efficient excavating equipment for civil engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of excavating equipment, in particular to efficient excavating equipment for civil engineering, which comprises a traction machine, an adjusting frame is arranged at the tail part of the traction machine, a transmission cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the adjusting frame, and a limiting plate is arranged on the outer side of the transmission cylinder; a digging shovel is arranged at the end, away from the transmission cylinder, of the limiting plate, a wedge-shaped sliding way is formed in the bottom of the digging shovel, a crushing way is arranged at the bottom end of the wedge-shaped sliding way, and a smashing part is arranged in the crushing way. When the device works, after falling into a digging shovel, soil sequentially penetrates through a wedge-shaped sliding way and a crushing way to fall into a transmission cylinder along with rising of the digging shovel, spiral blades convey the soil into a dispersing assembly, the dispersing assembly can throw the soil farther, the throwing area is wider, and therefore the soil is dispersed more evenly; the situation that the soil layer is stacked thicker is avoided, soil returning is finally achieved, and soil loss is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of excavation equipment, and in particular to a high-efficiency excavation equipment used in civil engineering. Background Art

[0002] Civil engineering is a general term for the science and technology of building various types of land engineering facilities. It refers not only to the materials and equipment used, and the technical activities such as surveying, design, construction, maintenance, and repair carried out, but also to the objects of engineering construction.

[0003] Agricultural drainage and irrigation both require the extensive use of canals, especially in arid areas such as the Northwest, where crop cultivation requires canals even more. Canal excavation in the prior art mostly utilizes small excavators, and the excavation arms of small excavators simulate the movement of human arms, so small excavators can only dig one by one. After each excavation, the excavated earth is generally transported away by a transport vehicle, which not only increases transportation but also causes soil loss in cultivated land. Alternatively, the earth is directly piled up in the fields, but because the earth is too large to be directly used for farming, it will occupy cultivated land area, so an excavation equipment that can effectively handle the earth is needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering, comprising a tractor, an adjustment frame is provided at the tail of the tractor, a transmission cylinder is provided on the inner side of the adjustment frame, a limit plate is provided on the outer side of the transmission cylinder, an excavation shovel is provided at one end of the limit plate away from the transmission cylinder, a wedge-shaped slide is provided at the bottom of the excavation shovel, a crushing path is provided at the bottom end of the wedge-shaped slide, a crushing part is provided in the crushing path, a feeding mechanism is provided on the adjustment frame, and is used to transport the soil in the transmission cylinder to the outside; the crushing part comprises two crushing belts, one of which is crushing belt A driving shaft is arranged on the inner side of one end, a driven shaft is arranged on the inner side of the other end of the crushing belt, one end of the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing path, the other end of the driving shaft extends to the outside of the crushing path, an arc-shaped groove is provided on the inner wall of the crushing path, a slider is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove, the slider is rotatably connected to the driven shaft, a spring is arranged between the slider and the arc-shaped groove, a driving mechanism for driving the driving shaft to rotate is arranged on the inner side of the adjusting frame; a transmission assembly is arranged on the side of the adjusting frame, which is used to drive the transmission cylinder to rotate.

[0007] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a driving device 1 arranged on one side of the adjusting frame, the output end of the driving device 1 extends into the transmission cylinder and is connected to a first transmission rod, a spiral blade is arranged on the outer side of the first transmission rod, a limiting cylinder is arranged on the side of the transmission cylinder away from the driving device 1, the limiting cylinder is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame, and a dispersion component for spreading soil into the field is arranged at one end of the limiting cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the dispersion component includes a material guide cylinder rotatably connected to the transmission cylinder, the material guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the adjustment frame, a dispersion groove is provided at the bottom of the material guide cylinder, a driving device three is provided at the bottom end of the dispersion groove, the output end of the driving device three extends into the dispersion groove and is connected to a dispersion protrusion, at least one breaking plate is distributed on the outer side of the dispersion protrusion, and a discharge port is opened on the side of the dispersion groove.

[0009] Preferably, baffles are respectively provided on both sides of the discharge port.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving bevel gear arranged on an output end of the driving device, a limiting seat is arranged on the end face of the transmission cylinder, a second transmission rod is rotatably connected to the limiting seat, a driven bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear is arranged at one end of the second transmission rod, and a driving assembly is arranged between the other end of the second transmission rod and the driving shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a worm wheel arranged at one end of the driving shaft, a worm is arranged at one end of the second transmission rod, the worm is located between the two worm wheels, and the worm is meshingly connected with the worm wheel.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of the limit plates are provided, and the plurality of limit plates are distributed equidistantly in a ring shape about the axis of the transmission cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a second driving device arranged on the side of the adjustment frame, a driving roller is arranged at the output end of the second driving device, a driven roller is arranged on the outer side of the limiting cylinder, and the driven roller and the driving roller are connected by a transmission belt.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. When the present application is working, the second driving device drives the driving roller to rotate, the driving roller drives the driven roller to rotate through the transmission belt, the driven roller drives the transmission cylinder to rotate through the limit cylinder, the transmission cylinder drives the excavating shovel to rotate and start excavating the land, and after the soil falls into the excavating shovel, as the excavating shovel rises, the soil passes through the wedge slide and the crushing road in turn and falls into the transmission cylinder, the spiral blades transport the soil to the dispersion component, the dispersion component can throw the soil farther and over a wider area, so that the soil is dispersed more evenly, and there will be no thick soil accumulation, so that the soil can be returned to the field without causing soil loss.

[0016] 2. When the present application is working, the driving device drives the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod drives the spiral blade and the driving bevel gear to rotate at the same time, and the driving bevel gear drives multiple driven bevel gears to rotate at the same time, and the driven bevel gear drives the worm to rotate through the second transmission rod, and the worm drives the two worm gears to rotate in opposite directions at the same time, and the two crushing belts crush the large pieces of soil into small pieces by squeezing, and then the small pieces of soil fall into the transmission cylinder, and the small pieces of soil falling into the land are more conducive to the growth of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an excavation device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of the adjustment frame and the transmission cylinder provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment frame and the transmission cylinder at another angle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the combination of a feeding mechanism and a crushing unit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a crushing unit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a dispersed component provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the combination of a transmission cylinder and an excavating shovel provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a transmission cylinder provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Fig. 9A schematic structural diagram of a local cross section of a limiting cylinder provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown at another angle.

[0026] Fig.10 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0027] Legend:

[0028] 1. Traction machine; 2. Adjustment frame; 3. Transmission cylinder; 4. Limit plate; 5. Excavation shovel; 6. Wedge slide; 7. Crushing track; 8. Driving device one; 9. First transmission rod; 10. Spiral blade; 11. Limit cylinder; 12. Driven roller; 13. Transmission belt; 14. Driving device two; 15. Driving roller; 16. Guide cylinder; 17. Dispersion groove; 18. Discharge port; 19. Driving device three; 20. Breaking plate; 21. Driving bevel gear; 22. Limit seat; 23. Driven bevel gear; 24. Second transmission rod; 25. Worm; 26. Worm wheel; 27. Driving shaft; 28. Driven shaft; 29. ​​Sliding block; 30. Spring; 31. Arc slide; 32. Crushing belt; 33. Dispersion protrusion; 34. Baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1-10 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0031] A high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering includes a tractor 1, an adjustment frame 2 is provided at the tail of the tractor 1, a transmission cylinder 3 is provided on the inner side of the adjustment frame 2, a limit plate 4 is provided on the outer side of the transmission cylinder 3, an excavating shovel 5 is provided on the end of the limit plate 4 away from the transmission cylinder 3, a wedge-shaped slide 6 is provided at the bottom of the excavating shovel 5, a crushing path 7 is provided at the bottom end of the wedge-shaped slide 6, the crushing path 7 penetrates into the interior of the transmission cylinder 3, a crushing part is provided in the crushing path 7, the function of the crushing part is to crush the soil brought out by the excavating shovel 5 into particles of appropriate size, and then fall into the interior of the transmission cylinder 3, and a feeding mechanism is provided on the adjustment frame 2 for transporting the soil in the transmission cylinder 3 to the outside.

[0032] The crushing part includes two crushing belts 32, a driving shaft 27 is arranged inside one end of the crushing belt 32, a driven shaft 28 is arranged inside the other end of the crushing belt 32, one end of the driving shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing path 7, the other end of the driving shaft 27 extends to the outside of the crushing path 7, an arc-shaped chute 31 is provided on the inner wall of the crushing path 7, a slider 29 is slidably connected in the arc-shaped chute 31, the slider 29 is rotatably connected to the driven shaft 28, a spring 30 is arranged between the slider 29 and the arc-shaped chute 31, and a driving mechanism for driving the driving shaft 27 to rotate is arranged on the inner side of the adjustment frame 2; crushing protrusions are distributed on the outer side of the crushing belts 32, the two crushing belts 32 are arranged non-parallel, and the two crushing belts 32 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the crushing path 7, and on the premise that the excavating shovel 5 is on top, the two crushing belts 32 form a channel with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part in the crushing path 7, and the excavating shovel The soil in the middle 5 falls from the wedge slide 6 into the crushing path 7. Under the action of the two crushing belts 32, the larger mud blocks will be squeezed and crushed, and then fall into the transmission cylinder 3; the slider 29 is an arc block, and the spring 30 is an arc structure adapted to the arc slide 31. The slider 29 can slide in the arc slide 31, and the spring 30 is arranged between the bottom of the arc slide 31 and the slider 29. When hard objects such as stones are mixed in the soil and the crushing belt 32 cannot crush it, the slider 29 will squeeze the spring 30, and the slider 29 will slide into the arc slide 31. The outlet formed by the crushing belt 32 will expand, and the hard object will directly fall into the transmission cylinder 3, so that the crushing belt 32 will not be stuck or damaged. Under normal circumstances, the spring 30 will apply a thrust to the crushing belt 32 through the slider 29. Under the action of the thrust, the crushing belt 32 is enough to crush large pieces of soil into small pieces.

[0033] A transmission assembly is provided on the side of the adjustment frame 2 for driving the transmission cylinder 3 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission cylinder 3 can drive the excavating shovel 5 to rotate, and the rotating excavating shovel 5 can bring soil out of the ground.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the feeding mechanism includes a driving device 8 arranged on one side of the adjusting frame 2, the output end of the driving device 8 extends into the transmission cylinder 3 and is connected to the first transmission rod 9, a spiral blade 10 is arranged on the outer side of the first transmission rod 9, a limiting cylinder 11 is arranged on the side of the transmission cylinder 3 away from the driving device 8, the limiting cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame 2, and one end of the limiting cylinder 11 is provided with a dispersion component for throwing soil into the field; the spiral blade 10 abuts against the inner wall of the transmission cylinder 3, when the crushed soil falls into the transmission cylinder 3, the driving device 8 drives the spiral blade 10 to rotate through the first transmission rod 9, because the transmission cylinder 3 itself will also rotate, so when the spiral blade 10 and the transmission cylinder 3 rotate at different angular velocities, the spiral blade 10 will transport the soil to the dispersion component, and then throw it into the field through the dispersion component, so that the soil returns to the field.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the dispersion assembly includes a material guide cylinder 16 rotatably connected to the transmission cylinder 3, the material guide cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the adjustment frame 2, a dispersion groove 17 is arranged at the bottom of the material guide cylinder 16, a driving device 3 19 is arranged at the bottom of the dispersion groove 17, the output end of the driving device 3 19 extends into the dispersion groove 17 and is connected to a dispersion protrusion 33, at least one scattering plate 20 is distributed on the outer side of the dispersion protrusion 33, a discharge port 18 is opened on the side of the dispersion groove 17, and baffles 34 are respectively arranged on both sides of the discharge port 18; The cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the adjustment frame 2 through a support rod. The guide cylinder 16 is preferably an arc-shaped structure with the opening facing downward, so that the soil can be accelerated to facilitate the soil to fall into the dispersion trough 17. The dispersion trough 17 is tilted at the bottom of the guide cylinder 16, and the discharge port 18 is tilted upward, so that the soil will move along a parabolic path. In this way, the soil can be thrown over a longer distance and over a wider area, and there will be no thick soil layer accumulation. In this way, the soil is dispersed more evenly, which is convenient for use in cultivated land.

[0036] Specifically, Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the driving mechanism includes a driving bevel gear 21 arranged on the output end of the driving device 8, a limit seat 22 is arranged on the end surface of the transmission cylinder 3, a second transmission rod 24 is rotatably connected to the limit seat 22, one end of the second transmission rod 24 is provided with a driven bevel gear 23 meshing with the driving bevel gear 21, a driving assembly is arranged between the other end of the second transmission rod 24 and the driving shaft 27, the driving assembly includes a worm wheel 26 arranged at one end of the driving shaft 27, a worm 25 is arranged at one end of the second transmission rod 24, the worm 25 is located between the two worm wheels 26, and the worm 25 is arranged between the two worm wheels 26. It is meshed and connected with the worm gear 26, and a plurality of limit plates 4 are provided. The plurality of limit plates 4 are distributed in a circular shape and at equal intervals about the axis of the transmission cylinder 3; a plurality of digging shovels 5 are evenly distributed on the outside of the transmission cylinder 3, so there are a plurality of wedge-shaped slideways 6 and a plurality of crushing paths 7, and two crushing belts 32 are respectively provided in each crushing path 7. The driving bevel gear 21 simultaneously drives a plurality of driven bevel gears 23 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear 23 drives the worm 25 to rotate through the second transmission rod 24, and the worm 25 simultaneously drives the two worm wheels 26 to rotate, and the two worm wheels 26 rotate in opposite directions.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a driving device 14 arranged on the side of the adjustment frame 2, a driving roller 15 is arranged at the output end of the driving device 14, a driven roller 12 is arranged on the outer side of the limiting cylinder 11, and the driven roller 12 and the driving roller 15 are connected by a transmission belt 13. The driving device 14 drives the driving roller 15 to rotate, the driving roller 15 drives the driven roller 12 to rotate through the transmission belt 13, the driven roller 12 drives the transmission cylinder 3 to rotate through the limiting cylinder 11, and the transmission cylinder 3 drives the excavating shovel 5 to rotate to start the excavation work.

[0038] In summary, the present embodiment provides a high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering. After the tractor 1 moves to the position to be excavated, the equipment is lowered. When the excavating shovel 5 contacts the ground, the driving device 1 8, the driving device 2 14, and the driving device 3 19 are started at the same time. Then the driving device 2 14 drives the driving roller 15 to rotate. The driving roller 15 drives the driven roller 12 to rotate through the transmission belt 13. The driven roller 12 drives the transmission cylinder 3 to rotate through the limit cylinder 11. The transmission cylinder 3 drives the excavating shovel 5 to rotate and start excavating the land. After the soil falls into the excavating shovel 5, as the excavating shovel 5 rises, the soil falls from the wedge slide 6 into the crushing path 7, and the soil falls into the two crushing belts 32. At the same time, the driving device 1 8 drives the first transmission rod 9 to rotate, the first transmission rod 9 simultaneously drives the spiral blade 10 and the driving bevel gear 21 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 21 simultaneously drives multiple driven bevel gears 23 to rotate, the driven bevel gear 23 drives the worm 25 to rotate through the second transmission rod 24, the worm 25 simultaneously drives two worm wheels 26 to rotate in opposite directions, the two crushing belts 32 crush large pieces of soil into small pieces by extrusion, and then the small pieces of soil fall into the transmission cylinder 3, the spiral blade 10 transports the soil to the guide cylinder 16, and then the soil falls into the dispersion trough 17 along the guide cylinder 16, the driving device three 19 drives the scattering plate 20 to rotate, and then throws the soil from the dispersion trough 17 and falls into the cultivated land.

[0039] The above description of the embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An efficient excavation device for civil engineering, comprising a tractor (1), characterized in that: The tail of the tractor (1) is provided with an adjustment frame (2), a transmission cylinder (3) is provided on the inner side of the adjustment frame (2), a limit plate (4) is provided on the outer side of the transmission cylinder (3), an excavating shovel (5) is provided on the end of the limit plate (4) away from the transmission cylinder (3), a wedge-shaped slideway (6) is provided at the bottom of the excavating shovel (5), a crushing path (7) is provided at the bottom end of the wedge-shaped slideway (6), a crushing part is provided in the crushing path (7), and a feeding mechanism is provided on the adjustment frame (2) for transporting soil in the transmission cylinder (3) to the outside; The crushing section comprises two crushing belts (32), a driving shaft (27) is arranged on the inner side of one end of the crushing belt (32), a driven shaft (28) is arranged on the inner side of the other end of the crushing belt (32), one end of the driving shaft (27) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing path (7), the other end of the driving shaft (27) extends to the outer side of the crushing path (7), an arc-shaped slide groove (31) is provided on the inner wall of the crushing path (7), a slider (29) is slidably connected in the arc-shaped slide groove (31), the slider (29) is rotatably connected to the driven shaft (28), a spring (30) is arranged between the slider (29) and the arc-shaped slide groove (31), and a driving mechanism for driving the driving shaft (27) to rotate is arranged on the inner side of the adjusting frame (2); A transmission assembly is provided on the side of the adjustment frame (2) for driving the transmission cylinder (3) to rotate.

2. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a driving device (8) arranged on one side of the regulating frame (2); the output end of the driving device (8) extends into the transmission cylinder (3) and is connected to a first transmission rod (9); a spiral blade (10) is arranged on the outer side of the first transmission rod (9); a limiting cylinder (11) is arranged on the side of the transmission cylinder (3) away from the driving device (8); the limiting cylinder (11) is rotatably connected to the regulating frame (2); and a dispersion component for throwing soil into the field is arranged at one end of the limiting cylinder (11).

3. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dispersion component comprises a material guide cylinder (16) rotatably connected to the transmission cylinder (3), the material guide cylinder (16) being fixedly connected to the adjustment frame (2), a dispersion groove (17) being arranged at the bottom of the material guide cylinder (16), a driving device three (19) being arranged at the bottom end of the dispersion groove (17), an output end of the driving device three (19) extending into the dispersion groove (17) and connected to a dispersion protrusion (33), at least one scattering plate (20) being distributed on the outer side of the dispersion protrusion (33), and a material discharge port (18) being arranged on the side of the dispersion groove (17).

4. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: Baffles (34) are respectively provided on both sides of the discharge port (18).

5. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a driving bevel gear (21) arranged on the output end of a driving device (8); a limit seat (22) is arranged on the end surface of the driving cylinder (3); a second driving rod (24) is rotatably connected to the limit seat (22); a driven bevel gear (23) meshing with the driving bevel gear (21) is arranged at one end of the second driving rod (24); and a driving assembly is arranged between the other end of the second driving rod (24) and the driving shaft (27).

6. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive assembly comprises a worm wheel (26) arranged at one end of the drive shaft (27); a worm (25) is arranged at one end of the second transmission rod (24); the worm (25) is located between the two worm wheels (26); the worm (25) and the worm wheel (26) are meshingly connected.

7. A high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of the limit plates (4) are provided, and the plurality of limit plates (4) are distributed in an annular manner and at equal distances with respect to the axis of the transmission cylinder (3).

8. The high-efficiency excavation equipment for civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a second driving device (14) arranged on the side of the regulating frame (2); a driving roller (15) is arranged at the output end of the second driving device (14); a driven roller (12) is arranged on the outer side of the limiting cylinder (11); and the driven roller (12) and the driving roller (15) are connected to each other through a transmission belt (13).

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