Multi-stage reaming device for drilling of cast-in-place pile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cast-in-place pile drilling, in particular to a multi-stage reaming device for cast-in-place pile drilling, which comprises a center mounting shaft, a center drill is fixed at the bottom of the center mounting shaft, and a plurality of branch drills are uniformly arranged on the side surface, for drilling, of the center drill in the circumferential direction; a first-stage chambering annular plate and a second-stage chambering annular plate are sequentially installed on the side face of the center installation shaft from top to bottom, a plurality of pressed wiping and scraping mechanisms are evenly arranged on the side face of the second-stage chambering annular plate in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of tool rest strips are evenly arranged between the second-stage chambering annular plate and the center installation shaft and between the first-stage chambering annular plate and the center installation shaft in the circumferential direction. Inclined connecting plates are arranged at the bottom of the second-stage chambering annular plate and the tool rest strips in a staggered mode, and all the inclined connecting plates are jointly provided with a knocking mechanism. The first execution component, the second execution component and the third execution component are adopted to knock stones at the same height from different directions, and then the loosened stones are effectively knocked into the side wall of a drilled hole, so that the knocked stones are matched with a soil layer to stabilize the side wall of the hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bored pile drilling, in particular to a multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling. Background Art

[0002] Boring of cast-in-place piles is a drilling method that uses professional equipment to drill holes in the foundation soil for subsequent pouring of concrete to form pile foundations. However, the drilling environment is complex and the geological conditions are diverse. Formations such as rocks and pebbles may be encountered, and there may also be high water levels and underground obstacles. Therefore, the use of multi-stage hole expansion to drill holes for cast-in-place piles can not only reduce the difficulty of drilling and adapt to different geology, but also ensure the quality of the hole, reduce the risk of hole wall collapse, facilitate subsequent construction, and improve the bearing capacity of cast-in-place piles.

[0003] In the actual process of drilling holes for bored piles, the drilling equipment commonly used for multi-stage hole expansion is as follows: the utility model patent with the publication number CN221002621U discloses a one-time hole-forming device for multi-stage drill hole expansion of bored bored piles in complex geology, which is provided with a drill assembly, which consists of a hollow shaft, various levels of hole expansion ring plates, a tool holder bar, a cutting tool head and a tungsten steel drill bit. The bottom of the drill bit is a tungsten steel drill bit for opening holes. The hollow shaft is provided with a number of tool holder bars arranged at intervals around the hollow shaft. The tool holder bar and the hollow shaft form an angle with the opening facing upward. The rotation of the hollow shaft drives the tool holder bar to rotate to complete the hole expansion.

[0004] Although the above technical solution can drill holes for bored piles through integrated drilling and reaming, during the drilling process, there are some stones in the soil layer. After the stones are not rotated and knocked down by the tool holder bar, they will scratch the reaming ring plate for a long time, thereby affecting the dimensional accuracy of the reaming ring plate, thereby reducing the stability and protection effect of the reaming ring plate on the drilled hole, and easily causing the hole to collapse; in addition, due to the complex drilling geology, pebbles are often mixed in the soil layer. The inclusion of pebbles will not only cause the surface of the drilled hole to be uneven, thus affecting the quality of the subsequent bored piles, but also cause the side walls of the drilled hole to be loose, which is very likely to cause the side walls of the hole to collapse. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-stage hole expansion device for bored pile drilling, including a central mounting shaft, a central drill is fixed at the bottom of the central mounting shaft, a plurality of branch drills are evenly arranged on the circumferential side of the central drill for drilling, a primary hole expansion ring plate and a secondary hole expansion ring plate are sequentially installed on the upper and lower sides of the central mounting shaft, a plurality of pressure scraping mechanisms are evenly arranged on the circumferential side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate, a plurality of tool holder strips are evenly arranged circumferentially between the secondary hole expansion ring plate and the primary hole expansion ring plate and the central mounting shaft, an inclined connecting plate is staggered with the tool holder strip at the bottom of the secondary hole expansion ring plate, and a knocking mechanism is commonly arranged on all the inclined connecting plates; the pressure scraping mechanism includes an installation provided on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate The mounting groove is provided, and a hollow closing block is fixed on the inner ring surface of the secondary hole expansion ring plate and at the position corresponding to the mounting groove. A radial sliding plate is slidably connected in the mounting groove, and a V-shaped spring sheet is installed between the radial sliding plate and the inner wall of the hollow closing block. A thrust arc surface is provided at the end of the radial sliding plate away from the central mounting axis, and a circumferential scraping component driven by the radial sliding plate after being pushed is provided in the mounting groove. A avoidance component is provided on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate and below the mounting groove; the knocking mechanism includes a fan-shaped closing sleeve installed between each inclined connecting plate and the central mounting axis, a knocking power component is provided in the fan-shaped closing sleeve, and each inclined connecting plate is respectively provided with a horizontal execution component, an inclined execution component and a composite execution component driven by the knocking power component.

[0006] Furthermore, the circumferential scraping component includes an arc-shaped limit groove opened in the secondary hole expansion ring plate, the arc-shaped limit groove is connected to the mounting groove, a circumferential sliding plate is slidably connected in the arc-shaped limit groove, a scraping plate is fixed to one end of the circumferential sliding plate close to the radial sliding plate, and a transmission structure is arranged between the scraping plate and the radial sliding plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission structure includes a coupling positioning groove opened on the radial sliding plate, a pushing triangular prism is fixed in the coupling positioning groove, a T-shaped limiting groove is opened on the side of the pushing triangular prism close to the scraper plate, and a pushed triangular prism is connected to the T-shaped limiting groove through a limiting slider, and the pushed triangular prism is fixedly connected to the scraper plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the avoidance component includes an avoidance groove opened on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate and located below the mounting groove, a radial sliding block is slidably connected in the avoidance groove, a matching square plate is fixed on the top of the radial sliding block, a connecting groove is opened in the secondary hole expansion ring plate and located between the avoidance groove and the mounting groove, a blocking square plate is fixed at the bottom of the radial sliding plate, and the blocking square plate is slidably matched with the connecting groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the knocking power component includes a through groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, a pressure plate is hinged in the through groove, a fixed plate is installed in the fan-shaped closing sleeve, an elastic telescopic rod is fixed to the side of the fixed plate away from the central installation axis, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to a square spacer, a radial push rod is fixed to the side of the square spacer close to the pressure plate, the radial push rod is pressed against the pressure plate, and an energy storage structure driven by the square spacer is provided in the fan-shaped closing sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy storage structure includes a vertical square plate fixed in a fan-shaped enclosing sleeve, an elastic telescopic column is installed on the side of the vertical square plate away from the central mounting axis, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic column is connected to an arc-shaped inclined pressure plate, a vertically sliding transmission round rod is installed on the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic column, and a lifting block is fixed in the fan-shaped enclosing sleeve and on one side of the elastic telescopic rod; a radial push block that pushes the transmission round rod is fixed on the top of the square spacer, and a lifting inclined surface is provided on the side of the radial push block away from the lifting block.

[0011] Furthermore, an inclined protrusion is fixed at the hinge position of the pressure plate, and the inclined protrusion is used to limit the outward rotation angle of the pressure plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the horizontal execution component includes a horizontal inclined groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, and a horizontal knocking rod is connected to the limiting inclined groove through a reset structure; the inclined execution component includes an inclined inclined groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, and the angle between the horizontal inclined groove and the straight line where the inclined inclined groove is located and the cross-section of the inclined connecting plate is complementary, and an inclined knocking rod is also connected to the inclined inclined groove through a reset structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the reset structure includes a clearance groove opened in the inclined connecting plate, and connecting plates are fixed at the positions of the horizontal knocking rod and the inclined knocking rod corresponding to the clearance groove, and an inner spring is connected between the connecting plate and the clearance groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite actuator includes a T-shaped connecting groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, a vertical sliding frame is slidably connected in the T-shaped connecting groove, a reset structure is also connected between the vertical sliding frame and the inclined connecting plate, and the side of the vertical sliding frame away from the central mounting axis is symmetrically hinged with a movable plate, and a V-shaped spring sheet is connected between each movable plate and the vertical sliding frame.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention adopts a knocking mechanism to knock the stones that scratch the inclined connecting plate, so that the stones are embedded in the soil layer of the side wall of the hole, thereby avoiding the situation where the stones scratch the secondary hole expansion ring plate for a long time after the secondary hole expansion ring plate moves down and causes the secondary hole expansion ring plate to be worn for a long time, thereby effectively extending the service life of the secondary hole expansion ring plate. At the same time, the pressure scraping mechanism can quickly scrape the pebble or stone structure after being pushed, and also prevents the pebbles and stones from scratching the secondary hole expansion ring plate, further ensuring the integrity of the equipment.

[0016] 2. The present invention adopts horizontal executing components, inclined executing components and composite executing components to knock stones at the same height from different directions, so as to loosen the stones and the embedded soil layers, and then effectively knock the loosened stones into the side walls of the drilled holes, and by first loosening and then knocking the stones back to the soil layer on the side walls of the holes, the knocked stones can cooperate with the soil layer to further stabilize the side walls of the holes, thereby avoiding the collapse of the holes during the drilling process.

[0017] 3. The present invention adopts a compressed scraping mechanism to quickly scrape the pebbles and stones after being pushed by the pebble or stone structure, and prevents the pebbles and stones from scratching the secondary hole expansion ring plate. At the same time, the pushing triangular prism and the pushed triangular prism are always connected through the T-shaped limit groove and the limit slider, so that the hollow closing block is always in a closed state, thereby ensuring that the circumferential scraping component can continue to consolidate and protect the drilled hole wall in a harsh drilling environment, thereby preventing pebbles from being mixed in the side wall of the drilled hole and affecting the looseness of the side wall of the hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first viewing angle structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second viewing angle of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention after being cut along the top of the fan-shaped sealing sleeve from the first viewing angle.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view from a second viewing angle of the present invention after cutting along the top of the fan-shaped sealing sleeve.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the radial stop rod of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention along the tilting execution component.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view along the composite execution component of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the compressed scraping mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a partial cross-sectional view along the positive direction of the compressed scraping mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1, central mounting shaft; 12, primary hole expansion ring plate; 121, tool holder strip; 13, secondary hole expansion ring plate; 131, inclined connecting plate; 2, center drill; 21, branch drill; 3, pressure scraping mechanism; 31, mounting groove; 311, radial sliding plate; 312, hollow closing block; 32, circumferential scraping member; 321, arc-shaped limit groove; 322, circumferential sliding plate; 323, scraping plate; 324, coupling positioning groove; 325, pushing triangular prism; 326, pushed triangular prism; 33, avoidance member; 331, avoidance groove; 332, radial sliding block; 333, coordination square Plate; 334, blocking square plate; 4, knocking mechanism; 41, fan-shaped closing sleeve; 42, knocking power component; 421, through groove; 422, pressure plate; 423, fixed plate; 424, square spacer; 425, radial push rod; 426, vertical square plate; 427, arc-shaped inclined pressure plate; 428, transmission round rod; 429, lifting block; 43, horizontal actuator; 431, horizontal knocking rod; 432, connecting plate; 44, inclined actuator; 441, inclined knocking rod; 45, composite actuator; 451, vertical sliding frame; 452, movable plate; 460, radial push block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or the product specifications are used.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 A multi-stage hole expansion device for bored pile drilling comprises a central installation shaft 1, a central drill 2 is fixed at the bottom of the central installation shaft 1, a plurality of branch drills 21 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the side of the central installation shaft 1 for drilling, a primary hole expansion ring plate 12 and a secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 are sequentially installed on the upper and lower sides of the central installation shaft 1, a plurality of pressure scraping mechanisms 3 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13, a plurality of tool holder strips 121 are evenly arranged circumferentially between the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 and the primary hole expansion ring plate 12 and the central installation shaft 1, an inclined connecting plate 131 is staggeredly arranged on the bottom of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 and the tool holder strips 121, and a knocking mechanism 4 is commonly arranged on all the inclined connecting plates 131.

[0032] The present invention uses a method of expanding the hole by combining the tool holder bar 121 and the inclined connecting plate 131, which can not only reduce the wear effect of the expansion process on the secondary expansion ring plate 13, but also can knock the stone when the inclined connecting plate 131 and the tool holder bar 121 encounter a stone protruding from the hole through the knocking mechanism 4 arranged on the inclined connecting plate 131, thereby knocking the stone outside the area where the hole is located. It can not only improve the stability of the soil layer by embedding the stone in the soil layer, but also avoid the scratching effect of the stone on the secondary expansion ring plate 13, thereby extending the service life of the secondary expansion ring plate 13, and at the same time, the pressure scraping mechanism 3 can be used to scrape the cobblestone position and make the side wall of the hole smooth in the case where there are many pebbles in the hole.

[0033] Specifically, first, the reaming device is installed as a whole on the external rotary drilling machine through the central mounting shaft 1, and then the rotary drilling machine is controlled to drive the reaming device to rotate counterclockwise as a whole. As the reaming device rotates as a whole, the center drill 2 will cooperate with the branch drill 21 to complete the opening of the hole. As the tool holder bar 121, the primary reaming ring plate 12 and the secondary reaming ring plate 13 continue to rotate and move downward, the diameter of the opened hole will continue to increase until the diameter of the hole is consistent with the diameter of the secondary reaming ring plate 13. In the process of reaming by the tool holder bar 121, the primary reaming ring plate 12 and the secondary reaming ring plate 13, the knocking mechanism 4 will knock on the protruding stones on the side wall of the hole when the secondary reaming ring plate 13 is reaming, and the compressed scraping mechanism 3 will be pushed by pebbles or protruding stones to scrape and smooth the side wall of the hole, thereby improving the protection and stabilization effect of the secondary reaming ring plate 13 on the hole after reaming.

[0034] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The knocking mechanism 4 includes a fan-shaped closed sleeve 41 installed between each inclined connecting plate 131 and the central installation axis 1, a knocking power component 42 is arranged in the fan-shaped closed sleeve 41, and each inclined connecting plate 131 is respectively provided with a horizontal execution component 43, an inclined execution component 44 and a composite execution component 45 driven by the knocking power component 42; the knocking power component 42 includes a through groove 421 opened on the inclined connecting plate 131, a pressure plate 422 is hinged in the through groove 421, a fixed plate 423 is installed in the fan-shaped closed sleeve 41, an elastic telescopic rod is fixed on the side of the fixed plate 423 away from the central installation axis 1, and a square spacer 424 is connected to the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod, and a radial push rod 425 is fixed on the side of the square spacer 424 close to the pressure plate 422, and the radial push rod 425 is against the pressure plate 422, and an energy storage structure driven by the square spacer 424 is arranged in the fan-shaped closed sleeve 41.

[0035] The energy storage structure includes a vertical square plate 426 fixed in a fan-shaped enclosing sleeve 41, an elastic telescopic column is installed on the side of the vertical square plate 426 away from the central mounting axis 1, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic column is connected to an arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427, a vertically sliding transmission round rod 428 is installed on the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic column, and a lifting block 429 is fixed in the fan-shaped enclosing sleeve 41 and on one side of the elastic telescopic rod; a radial push block 460 is fixed on the top of the square spacer 424 for pushing the transmission round rod 428, and a lifting inclined surface is provided on the side of the radial push block 460 away from the lifting block 429.

[0036] The knocking mechanism 4 is used to knock the stones that scrape the inclined connecting plate 131, so that the stones move into the soil layer on the side wall of the drilled hole. In this way, the protruding stones are prevented from scratching the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 for a long time and reducing the service life of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13. At the same time, the horizontal actuator 43, the inclined actuator 44 and the composite actuator 45 use knocking methods in different directions to ensure that the stones at the protrusions are moved into the soil layer on the side wall of the drilled hole after knocking.

[0037] Specifically, when a stone embedded in the inner wall of the drilled hole scratches the inclined connecting plate 131, the stone will press the pressure plate 422, so that the pressure plate 422 rotates. As the pressure plate 422 rotates, the pressure plate 422 will drive the radial push rod 425 to move toward the direction close to the central installation axis 1, and the radial push rod 425 will synchronously drive the square spacer 424 and compress the elastic telescopic rod. As the square spacer 424 moves toward the direction close to the central installation axis 1, the radial push block 460 will push the transmission round rod 428, and the transmission round rod 428 will drive the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 to compress the elastic telescopic rod. The column is compressed, and when the transmission rod 428 moves a certain distance, it will be lifted by the lifting block 429 and move upward, and then the radial push block 460 will be separated from the transmission rod 428, and the elastic telescopic column will immediately release its accumulated elastic potential energy, thereby driving the transmission rod 428 and the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 to move rapidly away from the central installation axis 1, and the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 will quickly press the horizontal actuator 43, the inclined actuator 44 or the compound actuator 45, thereby knocking the stone through the horizontal actuator 43, the inclined actuator 44 or the compound actuator 45 respectively.

[0038] When the pressure plate 422 is separated from the stone, the radial push rod 425 and the square spacer 424 will return to their original positions due to the elastic force of the elastic telescopic rod. During this process, the radial push block 460 will lift the transmission round rod 428 upward through the lifting inclined surface. Thereafter, the radial push block 460 will be further away from the central mounting axis 1 than the transmission round rod 428 again, thereby facilitating the subsequent knocking action.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a right-angle plate is fixed to the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic column, a vertical telescopic rod is fixed to the bottom of the horizontal section of the right-angle plate, and the telescopic end of the vertical telescopic rod is connected to the transmission round rod 428.

[0040] See also Figure 4-Figure 5 An inclined protrusion is fixed at the hinge position of the pressure plate 422, which is used to limit the outward rotation angle of the pressure plate 422. At the same time, it can also prevent mud from entering the hinge position of the pressure plate 422 and affecting the rotation of the pressure plate 422 when the pressure plate 422 rotates with the inclined connecting plate 131.

[0041] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The horizontal actuator 43 includes a horizontal inclined groove provided on the inclined connecting plate 131, and a horizontal knocking rod 431 is connected to the limiting inclined groove through a reset structure; the inclined actuator 44 includes an inclined inclined groove provided on the inclined connecting plate 131, and the angle between the straight line where the horizontal inclined groove and the inclined inclined groove are located and the cross-section of the inclined connecting plate 131 is complementary, and an inclined knocking rod 441 is also connected to the inclined inclined groove through a reset structure; the reset structure includes a yielding groove provided in the inclined connecting plate 131, and connecting plates 432 are fixed at the positions of the horizontal knocking rod 431 and the inclined knocking rod 441 corresponding to the yielding grooves, and an inner spring is connected between the connecting plate 432 and the yielding groove.

[0042] The composite actuator 45 includes a T-shaped connecting groove opened on the inclined connecting plate 131, in which a vertical sliding frame 451 is slidably connected, and a reset structure is also connected between the vertical sliding frame 451 and the inclined connecting plate 131. The side of the vertical sliding frame 451 away from the central mounting axis 1 is symmetrically hinged with a movable plate 452, and a V-shaped spring sheet is connected between each movable plate 452 and the vertical sliding frame 451.

[0043] The horizontal actuator 43, the inclined actuator 44 and the composite actuator 45 can knock on stones at the same height in different directions, so that the stones and the embedded soil layers are loosened by knocking in different directions, and then the horizontal actuator 43, the inclined actuator 44 and the composite actuator 45 can be combined to effectively knock the stones into the side walls of the drilled holes, and the stones are returned to the soil layer on the side walls of the holes by loosening first and then knocking, and the stones cooperate with the soil layer to further stabilize the side walls of the holes, and avoid the protruding stones from continuously scratching the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 and causing the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 to wear.

[0044] Specifically, when the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 quickly presses the horizontal actuator 43, the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 will knock the horizontal knocking rod 431. At this time, although the inner spring and the connecting plate 432 can reduce the knocking force of the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 on the horizontal knocking rod 431, it does not affect the action of the horizontal knocking rod 431 to receive the knocking of the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 and knock on the stone; when the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 quickly presses the inclined actuator 44, the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 will quickly knock the inclined knocking rod 441, and then knock on the corresponding stone through the inclined knocking rod 441.

[0045] When the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 quickly presses the composite actuator 45, the vertical sliding frame 451 will be struck by the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 and move perpendicular to the inclined connecting plate 131, while driving the movable plate 452 to move quickly toward the protruding stone. When the two movable plates 452 come into contact with the protruding stone, the movable plate 452 will rotate and press the V-shaped spring sheet until the two movable plates 452 hit the vertical sliding frame 451. At this time, the movable plate 452 cannot rotate again, so that the two movable plates 452 move with the vertical sliding frame 451 and push the protruding stone in different directions. Moreover, since the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 quickly strikes the vertical sliding frame 451, when the movable plate 452 cannot rotate, it will strike the protruding stone in different directions.

[0046] See also Figure 9-10 The pressure scraping mechanism 3 includes a mounting groove 31 provided on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13, a hollow closing block 312 is fixed on the inner ring surface of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 and corresponding to the mounting groove 31, a radial sliding plate 311 is slidably connected in the mounting groove 31, a V-shaped spring sheet is installed between the radial sliding plate 311 and the inner wall of the hollow closing block 312, a thrust arc surface is provided at one end of the radial sliding plate 311 away from the central mounting shaft 1, a circumferential scraping member 32 driven by the pushed radial sliding plate 311 is provided in the mounting groove 31, and a avoidance member 33 is provided on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 and below the mounting groove 31.

[0047] The circumferential scraping member 32 includes an arc-shaped limit groove 321 provided in the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13, the arc-shaped limit groove 321 is connected to the mounting groove 31, a circumferential sliding plate 322 is slidably connected in the arc-shaped limit groove 321, a scraping plate 323 is fixed to one end of the circumferential sliding plate 322 close to the radial sliding plate 311, and a transmission structure is arranged between the scraping plate 323 and the radial sliding plate 311; the transmission structure includes a coupling positioning groove 324 provided on the radial sliding plate 311, a pushing triangular prism 325 is fixed in the coupling positioning groove 324, a T-shaped limit groove is provided on the side of the pushing triangular prism 325 close to the scraping plate 323, a pushed triangular prism 326 is connected to the T-shaped limit groove through a limiting slider, and the pushed triangular prism 326 is fixedly connected to the scraping plate 323.

[0048] The pressurized scraping mechanism 3 can quickly scrape the pebbles and stones after being pushed by the pebble or stone structure, and prevent the pebbles and stones from scratching the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13. At the same time, the pushing triangular prism 325 and the pushed triangular prism 326 are always connected through the T-shaped limit groove and the limit slider, so that the hollow closing block 312 is always in a closed state, thereby ensuring that the circumferential scraping component 32 can continue to consolidate and protect the drilled hole wall in a harsh drilling environment.

[0049] Specifically, during the counterclockwise rotation of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 along with the central mounting shaft 1, the radial sliding plate 311 will press the V-shaped spring sheet in the hollow closing block 312 due to the pressure of the pebble or stone structure. As the radial sliding plate 311 moves, the pushing triangular prism 325 on the radial sliding plate 311 will push the pushed triangular prism 326, thereby driving the circumferential sliding plate 322 and the scraping plate 323 to move in the clockwise direction through the pushed triangular prism 326, and the scraping plate 323 will scrape and smooth the pebble or stone structure, thereby smoothing the side wall of the hole.

[0050] When the radial sliding plate 311 is separated from the stone or pebble structure, the radial sliding plate 311 will be driven to move away from the central mounting axis 1 due to the elastic force of the V-shaped spring sheet, and the radial sliding plate 311 will drive the pushed triangular prism 326 to return to the initial position again by pushing the triangular prism 325, thereby causing the circumferential sliding plate 322 and the scraper plate 323 to return to the initial position. During this process, the scraper plate 323 will scrape and smooth the side wall of the hole again.

[0051] Continue reading Figure 9-10 The avoidance component 33 includes an avoidance groove 331 opened on the side of the secondary hole-expanding ring plate 13 and located below the mounting groove 31, a radial sliding block 332 is slidably connected in the avoidance groove 331, a matching square plate 333 is fixed on the top of the radial sliding block 332, a connecting groove is opened in the secondary hole-expanding ring plate 13 and located between the avoidance groove 331 and the mounting groove 31, a blocking square plate 334 is fixed at the bottom of the radial sliding plate 311, and the blocking square plate 334 is slidably matched with the connecting groove.

[0052] The avoidance member 33 can prevent the radial sliding plate 311 from being blocked by stones or pebbles below and affecting the overall rotation and continued downward movement of the central installation shaft 1 when the central installation shaft 1 moves slowly downward with the rotary drilling machine.

[0053] The working steps of the present invention are as follows: First, the reaming device is installed on an external rotary drilling machine through the central mounting shaft 1. After the installation is completed, the rotary drilling machine is controlled to drive the reaming device to rotate counterclockwise. As the reaming device rotates, the center drill 2 and the branch drill 21 work together to start the preliminary opening of the hole.

[0054] In the second step, while the reaming device continues to rotate, the tool holder bar 121, the first-level reaming ring plate 12 and the second-level reaming ring plate 13 rotate and move downward. In this process, the diameter of the hole opened continues to increase until the diameter of the hole is consistent with the diameter of the second-level reaming ring plate 13. During the reaming process, the knocking mechanism 4 and the pressure scraping mechanism 3 also begin to play a role.

[0055] In the third step, when a stone embedded in the inner wall of the hole scratches the inclined connecting plate 131, the stone will press the pressure plate 422 to make it rotate, and the pressure plate 422 rotates and drives the radial push rod 425 to move in the direction close to the central installation axis 1, thereby compressing the elastic telescopic rod. At the same time, the square spacer 424 also moves synchronously and pushes the radial push block 460 to apply thrust to the transmission round rod 428, so that the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 compresses the elastic telescopic column. When the transmission round rod 428 moves a certain distance, it will be lifted by the lifting block 429 and move upward. The radial push block 460 separates from the transmission round rod 428, and the elastic telescopic column releases its elastic potential energy, which drives the arc-shaped inclined pressure plate 427 to quickly press the horizontal actuator 43, the inclined actuator 44 or the compound actuator 45 to achieve the knocking of the stone.

[0056] In the fourth step, during the rotation of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13, the radial sliding plate 311 will squeeze the V-shaped spring sheet in the hollow closing block 312 due to the pressure of the pebbles or stones. As the radial sliding plate 311 moves, the pushing triangular prism 325 on it pushes the pushed triangular prism 326, driving the circumferential sliding plate 322 and the scraping plate 323 to move in the clockwise direction. The scraping plate 323 scrapes and smoothes the pebble or stone structure, thereby smoothing the side wall of the hole. When the radial sliding plate 311 is separated from the stone or pebbles, under the elastic force of the V-shaped spring sheet, the radial sliding plate 311 drives the relevant components to return to the initial position. During this process, the scraping plate 323 scrapes and smoothes the side wall of the hole again.

[0057] In the fifth step, during the whole hole expansion process, the knocking mechanism 4 and the pressure scraping mechanism 3 are continuously cycled to ensure that the stones on the side wall of the hole are effectively processed and the hole wall surface is kept flat. When the hole diameter reaches the diameter of the secondary hole expansion ring plate 13 and the hole wall surface is fully processed, the hole drilling and hole expansion work are completed at the same time.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention and they are still covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage hole expansion device for bored pile drilling, comprising a central installation shaft, a central drill is fixed at the bottom of the central installation shaft, a plurality of branch drills are evenly arranged on the side of the central drill for drilling, and a primary hole expansion ring plate and a secondary hole expansion ring plate are sequentially installed on the side of the central installation shaft, characterized in that: The side surface of the secondary hole expansion ring plate is evenly provided with a plurality of pressure scraping mechanisms in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of tool holder strips are evenly provided in the circumferential direction between the secondary hole expansion ring plate and the primary hole expansion ring plate and the central mounting shaft, and the bottom of the secondary hole expansion ring plate is staggered with the tool holder strips, and all the inclined connecting plates are commonly provided with a knocking mechanism; The pressure scraping mechanism comprises a mounting groove provided on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate, a hollow closing block is fixed on the inner ring surface of the secondary hole expansion ring plate and at a position corresponding to the mounting groove, a radial sliding plate is slidably connected in the mounting groove, a V-shaped spring sheet is installed between the radial sliding plate and the inner wall of the hollow closing block, a thrust arc surface is provided at one end of the radial sliding plate away from the central mounting axis, a circumferential scraping member driven by the radial sliding plate after being pushed is provided in the mounting groove, and an avoidance member is provided on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate and below the mounting groove; The knocking mechanism includes a fan-shaped enclosing sleeve installed between each inclined connecting plate and the central installation shaft, a knocking power component is arranged in the fan-shaped enclosing sleeve, and each inclined connecting plate is respectively provided with a horizontal execution component, an inclined execution component and a composite execution component driven by the knocking power component.

2. A multi-stage hole expansion device for bored pile drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential scraping component includes an arc-shaped limit groove opened in the secondary hole expansion ring plate, the arc-shaped limit groove is connected to the installation groove, a circumferential sliding plate is slidably connected in the arc-shaped limit groove, a scraping plate is fixed to one end of the circumferential sliding plate close to the radial sliding plate, and a transmission structure is arranged between the scraping plate and the radial sliding plate.

3. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission structure includes a coupling positioning groove opened on the radial sliding plate, a pushing triangular prism is fixed in the coupling positioning groove, a T-shaped limiting groove is opened on the side of the pushing triangular prism close to the scraper plate, a pushed triangular prism is connected to the T-shaped limiting groove through a limiting sliding block, and the pushed triangular prism is fixedly connected to the scraper plate.

4. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The avoidance component includes an avoidance groove opened on the side of the secondary hole expansion ring plate and located below the installation groove, a radial sliding block is slidably connected in the avoidance groove, a matching square plate is fixed on the top of the radial sliding block, a connecting groove is opened in the secondary hole expansion ring plate and located between the avoidance groove and the installation groove, a blocking square plate is fixed at the bottom of the radial sliding plate, and the blocking square plate is slidably matched with the connecting groove.

5. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knocking power component includes a through groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, a pressure plate is hinged in the through groove, a fixing plate is installed in the fan-shaped closing sleeve, an elastic telescopic rod is fixed on the side of the fixing plate away from the central installation axis, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to a square spacer, a radial push rod is fixed on the side of the square spacer close to the pressure plate, the radial push rod is pressed against the pressure plate, and an energy storage structure driven by the square spacer is arranged in the fan-shaped closing sleeve.

6. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy storage structure includes a vertical square plate fixed in a fan-shaped enclosing sleeve, an elastic telescopic column is installed on the side of the vertical square plate away from the central mounting axis, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic column is connected to an arc-shaped inclined pressure plate, a vertically sliding transmission round rod is installed on the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic column, and a lifting block is fixed in the fan-shaped enclosing sleeve and on one side of the elastic telescopic rod; a radial push block that pushes the transmission round rod is fixed on the top of the square spacer, and a lifting inclined surface is provided on the side of the radial push block away from the lifting block.

7. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: An inclined protrusion is fixed at the hinge position of the pressure plate, and the inclined protrusion is used to limit the outward rotation angle of the pressure plate.

8. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal execution component includes a horizontal inclined groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, and a horizontal knocking rod is connected to the limiting inclined groove through a reset structure; the inclined execution component includes an inclined inclined groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, and the angles between the straight line where the horizontal inclined groove and the inclined inclined groove are located and the cross-section of the inclined connecting plate are complementary, and an inclined knocking rod is also connected to the inclined inclined groove through a reset structure.

9. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reset structure comprises a clearance groove provided in the inclined connecting plate, and connecting plates are fixed at positions of the horizontal knocking rod and the inclined knocking rod corresponding to the clearance groove, and an inner spring is connected between the connecting plate and the clearance groove.

10. A multi-stage hole enlarging device for bored pile drilling according to claim 9, characterized in that: The composite actuator includes a T-shaped connecting groove opened on the inclined connecting plate, a vertical sliding frame is slidably connected in the T-shaped connecting groove, a reset structure is also connected between the vertical sliding frame and the inclined connecting plate, and a movable plate is symmetrically hinged on the side of the vertical sliding frame away from the central installation axis, and a V-shaped spring sheet is connected between each movable plate and the vertical sliding frame.

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