Process for replacing hydraulic fracturing

Abstract

The invention discloses a technological method for replacing hydraulic fracturing. The technological method comprises the steps that drilling of a main well section of a horizontal well is completed, and well cementation of the main well section is conducted to the stratum position of an oil and gas reservoir section; enabling the drilling tool assembly to drill a branch borehole from the main borehole to the outside through a steering tool to approach an oil and gas reservoir; the steering tool is used again in each branch well hole, the drilling tool combination with the smaller size is used for drilling outwards from the branch well holes to form small supporting holes, and the small supporting holes can reach the position where the oil reservoir is located; well completion operation is carried out on all the formed small branch holes, proper downhole tools (such as packers and screen pipes) are put in, and necessary well cementation or sand prevention treatment is carried out on the well holes; and finally collecting oil gas. By means of the multi-stage multilateral well hole drilling technology, the oil and gas recovery efficiency is remarkably improved, and compared with a traditional hydraulic fracturing technology, oil and gas resources can be developed more sufficiently, and the oil and gas yield is increased; the dependence on water resources is reduced, and a large amount of water and environmental pressure caused by the water in the hydraulic fracturing process are reduced; the use of chemical additives is reduced, the risk of environmental pollution is reduced, and better environmental friendliness is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, and in particular to a process for replacing hydraulic fracturing. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand, the exploitation of oil and gas resources faces increasingly severe challenges. Hydraulic fracturing technology is a production-increasing measure that injects high-pressure liquid into oil and gas reservoirs to create cracks in reservoir rocks, thereby increasing the flow capacity of oil and gas. This technology has been widely used in the field of oil and gas extraction since the mid-20th century, especially in the development of low-permeability and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Hydraulic fracturing increases the flow channels of oil and gas by forming artificial cracks in the reservoir, significantly increasing the production of oil and gas wells. Although hydraulic fracturing technology has a significant effect in improving oil and gas recovery, it also has some limitations in practical applications: first, hydraulic fracturing requires a large amount of water resources, which may become a serious problem in areas with scarce water resources; second, the chemical additives used in the fracturing process may cause environmental pollution, especially the potential impact on groundwater; in addition, hydraulic fracturing may cause geological disasters such as earthquakes and formation instability. These risks are particularly prominent in densely populated or geologically sensitive areas. Due to the limitations of hydraulic fracturing technology, a more sustainable and environmentally friendly oil and gas extraction solution is provided, which reduces dependence on water resources, reduces environmental risks, and improves oil and gas recovery. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a process to replace hydraulic fracturing, which can significantly improve the recovery rate of oil and gas by drilling multiple branch wellbores at the same main wellbore position and further drilling multiple small branch wellbores in each branch wellbore. At the same time, by optimizing the drilling fluid formula, improving the design of steering tools and drilling tool combinations, and introducing a real-time monitoring and feedback system, it is possible to improve drilling accuracy and efficiency, reduce water resource consumption and environmental impact.

[0004] The present invention discloses the following technical solutions:

[0005] A process for replacing hydraulic fracturing, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: Complete the drilling of the main borehole section of the horizontal well and cement the main borehole section to the formation position of the oil and gas reservoir section;

[0007] S2: Use the steering tool to make the drilling tool assembly drill branch wells from the main wellbore to approach the oil and gas reservoir;

[0008] S3: Use the steering tool again in each branch wellbore, and use a smaller drilling tool assembly to drill outward from the branch wellbore to form a small branch hole that can reach the reservoir;

[0009] S4: Complete all the small branches, run appropriate downhole tools (such as packers, screens, etc.), and perform necessary cementing or sand control treatment on the wellbore;

[0010] S5: Collecting oil and gas.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the steering tool can turn the drill bit from axial to radial direction in the main wellbore, and the drill bit continues to drill to form branch wells, and more than 10 branch wellbores are drilled in the radial direction at the same main wellbore position.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, a small drill bit is used in each branch hole to drill in multiple radial directions, and a steering tool needs to be used again in the branch wellbore to drill multiple small wellbores in the radial direction. The small drill bit stops after drilling to the location of the oil and gas reservoir.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, a small drill bit is used in each branch hole to drill in multiple radial directions, and sensors for oil and gas reservoir detection are installed on the small drill bit. The sensors include resistivity sensors, acoustic wave sensors and temperature sensors, which can collect relevant parameters of the oil and gas reservoirs in real time and transmit the data to the ground control system through wired or wireless communication.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the steering tool adopts a hydraulically driven steering mechanism, which can work stably in an oil and gas reservoir environment with high pressure and high temperature, and the steering angle accuracy of the steering tool can be controlled within 0.1 degrees.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the small drill bit is less than 100 mm, and the drilling speed can be adjusted according to the formation hardness and lithological characteristics of the oil and gas reservoir. During the drilling process, a special drilling fluid formula is used to ensure the rock carrying capacity and lubrication effect in the small wellbore.

[0016] Beneficial Effects

[0017] The present invention significantly improves the oil and gas recovery rate through a multi-stage branch wellbore drilling process. Compared with traditional hydraulic fracturing technology, it can more fully develop oil and gas resources and increase oil and gas production; it reduces dependence on water resources, reduces the large amount of water used in the hydraulic fracturing process and the environmental pressure it brings; it reduces the use of chemical additives, reduces the risk of environmental pollution, and has better environmental friendliness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for replacing hydraulic fracturing in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a downhole structure of a process replacing hydraulic fracturing in another preferred embodiment of the present invention

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the effect of drilling a branch wellbore using a steering tool in another preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a process to replace hydraulic fracturing, which specifically includes the steps of:

[0024] S1: Complete the drilling of the main borehole section of the horizontal well, and cement the main borehole section to the formation position of the oil and gas reservoir section; use drilling test technology to determine the location, thickness, lithology and pressure of the oil and gas reservoir, and formulate the drilling trajectory design, including the horizontal section length of the wellbore, the inclination point and the target formation. Use a large-size drill bit to drill through the soft surface formation, drill to the hard formation, and then lower the surface casing and cement the well to strengthen the well wall. When the drill bit approaches the oil and gas reservoir section, accurately control the drilling parameters according to geological data and logging data to prevent accidents such as blowouts and stuck pipes, drill through the oil and gas reservoir section, and complete the drilling of the main borehole section.

[0025] S2: Figure 2 As shown, the drilling tool assembly is used to drill branch wells from the main wellbore to approach the oil and gas reservoir through the steering tool;

[0026] Furthermore, the steering tool can turn the drill bit from the axial direction to the radial direction in the main wellbore, and the drill bit continues to drill to form branch wells, and more than 10 branch wellbores are drilled in the radial direction at the same main wellbore position.

[0027] Furthermore, the steering tool adopts a hydraulically driven steering mechanism, which can work stably in an oil and gas reservoir environment with high pressure and high temperature, and the steering angle accuracy of the steering tool can be controlled within 0.1 degrees.

[0028] S3: Use the steering tool again in each branch wellbore, and use a smaller drilling tool assembly to drill outward from the branch wellbore to form a small branch hole that can reach the reservoir;

[0029] Furthermore, the use of a small drill bit in each branch hole to drill in multiple radial directions requires the use of a steering tool again in the branch wellbore to drill multiple small wellbores in the radial direction, and the small drill bit stops after drilling to the location of the oil and gas reservoir.

[0030] Furthermore, a small drill bit is used in each branch hole to drill in multiple radial directions, and sensors for oil and gas reservoir detection are installed on the small drill bit. The sensors include resistivity sensors, acoustic wave sensors and temperature sensors, which can collect relevant parameters of the oil and gas reservoirs in real time and transmit the data to the ground control system through wired or wireless communication.

[0031] Furthermore, the diameter range of the small drill bit is less than 100 mm, and its drilling speed can be adjusted according to the formation hardness and lithological characteristics of the oil and gas reservoir. During the drilling process, a special drilling fluid formula is used to ensure the rock carrying capacity and lubrication effect in the small wellbore.

[0032] S4: Complete all the small branches, run appropriate downhole tools (such as packers, screens, etc.), and perform necessary cementing or sand control treatment on the wellbore;

[0033] Furthermore, according to the downhole conditions and operational requirements, select the appropriate type of packer, such as hydraulic expansion packer, mechanical packer, etc.; according to the formation sand particle size distribution and sand control requirements, select the appropriate type of screen, such as wire wrap screen, pre-filled gravel screen, etc.; fill gravel on the outside of the screen to form a gravel filling layer to prevent formation sand from entering the wellbore. The particle size of the gravel should be selected according to the formation sand particle size distribution and the size of the screen gap to ensure the sand control effect.

[0034] S5: Collecting oil and gas.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A process to replace hydraulic fracturing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Complete the drilling of the main borehole section of the horizontal well and cement the main borehole section to the formation position of the oil and gas reservoir section; S2: Use the steering tool to make the drilling tool assembly drill branch wells from the main wellbore to approach the oil and gas reservoir; S3: Use the steering tool again in each branch wellbore, and use a smaller drilling tool assembly to drill outward from the branch wellbore to form a small branch hole that can reach the reservoir; S4: Complete all the small branches, run appropriate downhole tools (such as packers, screens, etc.), and perform necessary cementing or sand control treatment on the wellbore; S5: Collecting oil and gas.

2. A process for replacing hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering tool can turn the drill bit from the axial direction to the radial direction in the main wellbore, and the drill bit continues to drill to form branch wells. More than 10 branch wellbores can be drilled in the radial direction at the same main wellbore position.

3. A process for replacing hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The use of a small drill bit in each branch hole to drill in multiple radial directions requires the use of a steering tool in the branch wellbore to drill multiple small wellbores in the radial direction, and the small drill bit stops after drilling to the location of the oil and gas reservoir.

4. A process for replacing hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A small drill bit is used in each branch hole to drill in multiple radial directions. Sensors for oil and gas reservoir detection are installed on the small drill bit. The sensors include resistivity sensors, acoustic wave sensors and temperature sensors. They can collect relevant parameters of the oil and gas reservoirs in real time and transmit the data to the ground control system through wired or wireless communication.

5. A process for replacing hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering tool adopts a hydraulically driven steering mechanism, which can work stably in an oil and gas reservoir environment with high pressure and high temperature. The steering angle accuracy of the steering tool can be controlled within a range of 0.1 degrees.

6. A process for replacing hydraulic fracturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the small drill bit is less than 100mm, and its drilling speed can be adjusted according to the formation hardness and lithology characteristics of the oil and gas reservoir. During the drilling process, a special drilling fluid formula is used to ensure the rock carrying capacity and lubrication effect in the small wellbore.

Images