Coal mine filling mining roadway supporting body

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal mine filling mining roadway supporting body, and relates to the technical field of roadway supporting. The device comprises a rectangular transverse plate, a pair of first L-shaped top plates and a pair of second L-shaped top plates are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the top face of the rectangular transverse plate correspondingly, and the first L-shaped top plate and the second L-shaped top plate located on the same side are connected with the rectangular transverse plate through a translation mechanism; a pair of oval transverse plates is arranged under the rectangular transverse plate, a pair of L-shaped foot plates is fixedly arranged on the two sides of the top face of each oval transverse plate, a hinged side plate is arranged between the L-shaped foot plates, and a folding side plate is arranged above the hinged side plate; first trapezoidal foot plates are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the top face of the oval transverse plate, second trapezoidal foot plates are fixedly arranged at the four corners of the bottom face of the rectangular transverse plate, and the first trapezoidal foot plate and the second trapezoidal foot plate located on the same side are connected through a connecting rod mechanism. The device has the advantages of being flexible in supporting mode, high in adaptability, small in occupied area, convenient to transport, install and store and capable of guaranteeing the safety of workers and filling mining operation and improving the efficiency of the filling mining operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to a coal mine filling mining tunnel support body. Background Art

[0002] As mines move deeper, backfill mining technology is favored due to its high recovery rate and safe operation. In the backfill mining process, in order to ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel, it is usually necessary to use appropriate tunnel support structures to support the tunnel.

[0003] At present, some tunnel support structures used in coal mines have poor support effects and many drawbacks, such as insufficient support strength, which can easily cause tunnel deformation and collapse, threatening personnel safety; single support method, which is difficult to adapt to the complex geological conditions of coal mines and has poor adaptability. These drawbacks seriously affect the efficiency and safety of coal mine filling mining. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a coal mine filling mining tunnel support body.

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body, comprising a rectangular horizontal plate, a pair of symmetrically distributed first L-shaped top plates are provided on the front side of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate, a pair of symmetrically distributed second L-shaped top plates are provided on the rear side of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate, and the first L-shaped top plate and the second L-shaped top plate on the same side are connected to the rectangular horizontal plate through a translation mechanism; A pair of elliptical horizontal plates are arranged horizontally and parallelly below the rectangular horizontal plate, a pair of L-shaped foot plates are fixedly arranged on both sides of the top surface of the elliptical horizontal plate, a hinged side plate is hingedly arranged between the pair of L-shaped foot plates, a folding side plate is hingedly arranged above the hinged side plate, and the hinged side plates and folding side plates on the same side are arranged up and down; Both ends of the bottom surface of each elliptical cross plate are rotatably mounted with load-bearing rollers, both sides of the top surface of each elliptical cross plate are fixed with a first trapezoidal foot plate, and the four corners of the bottom surface of the rectangular cross plate are fixed with a second trapezoidal foot plate, and the first trapezoidal foot plate and the second trapezoidal foot plate on the same side are connected by a connecting rod mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the translation mechanism includes a pair of translation plates, a pair of translation plates are arranged between the first L-shaped top plate, the second L-shaped top plate and the rectangular cross plate located on the same side, a folded edge connecting plate is fixedly provided on the upper side edge of the top face of one translation plate, the top surface of the folded edge connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first L-shaped top plate, and a number of evenly spaced fixed sliding rods are slidably inserted on the other translation plate, and the top end of each of the fixed sliding rods is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second L-shaped top plate.

[0007] Preferably, two pairs of symmetrically distributed U-shaped rails are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate, each of the U-shaped rails is slidably engaged with a T-shaped slide plate, the top surface of each T-shaped slide plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the translation plate on the same side, and a pair of staggered driven racks are fixed between the adjacent pairs of translation plates; A pair of servo motors are fixedly arranged on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate, each of the servo motors is located between a pair of U-shaped rails on the same side, and a concentrically fixed linkage gear is sleeved on the motor shaft end of each servo motor, and the linkage gear is meshed and connected with a pair of driven racks on the same side.

[0008] Preferably, two pairs of symmetrically distributed limit plates are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate, each pair of the limit plates is located on the outer side of a pair of U-shaped rails on the same side, and a bending pin hole is opened on the top edge of each of the limit plates. The rear side edge of the first L-shaped top plate is chamfered, and the front side edge of the second L-shaped top plate is chamfered. A pair of limit pin shafts are fixed on the front end parts of the two side walls of the second L-shaped top plate, and each of the limit pin shafts is slidably engaged in the bending pin hole on the same side.

[0009] Preferably, a pair of first transverse axes are fixedly provided on the upper and lower sides of the hinged side panels, a second transverse axis is fixedly provided on the bottom side of the folding side panels, the two ends of the first transverse axis located at the bottom are rotatably inserted on a pair of L-shaped foot plates, the right end of the first transverse axis located at the top is sleeved with a concentrically fixed first gear, the right end of the second transverse axis is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second gear, and the first gear is meshingly connected to the second gear.

[0010] Preferably, the right end of the first horizontal axis and the right end of the second horizontal axis located above are movably hinged to the two ends of the same hinged link respectively, and the left end of the first horizontal axis and the left end of the second horizontal axis located above are movably hinged to the corner and the bottom end of the same L-shaped link respectively, and the top end of the L-shaped link is provided with a movably hinged extension link, and the bottom end of the extension link is movably hinged to the L-shaped foot plate on the same side.

[0011] Preferably, a driven swing arm is fixedly provided at the left end of the first horizontal axis located below, an L-shaped bracket is fixedly provided on one side of the bottom surface of the elliptical horizontal plate, a U-shaped notch is opened at the top end of the L-shaped bracket, a first telescopic cylinder with a movably hinged connection is provided inside the U-shaped notch, and the end of the telescopic rod of the first telescopic cylinder is movably hinged to the top end of the driven swing arm.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting rod mechanism includes a pair of triangular connecting plates, a pair of triangular connecting plates are provided between the first trapezoidal foot plate and the second trapezoidal foot plate, a first connecting rod movably hinged is provided between the bottom ends of the pair of triangular connecting plates, the bottom end of the first connecting rod is movably hinged to the bottom end of the first trapezoidal foot plate, a second connecting rod movably hinged is provided between the top ends of the pair of triangular connecting plates, the top end of the second connecting rod is movably hinged to the top end of the second trapezoidal foot plate.

[0013] Preferably, a driven connecting shaft is rotatably inserted between the middle parts of a pair of triangular connecting plates and is distributed through the driven connecting shaft. A pair of fourth connecting rods distributed in parallel are fixedly provided at both ends of the driven connecting shaft. The top ends of the pair of fourth connecting rods are movably hinged to the bottom ends of the second trapezoidal foot plates, respectively, and the second connecting rod and the pair of fourth connecting rods are in a parallel state. A pair of third connecting rods distributed in parallel are hinged to the top end of the first trapezoidal foot plate, and the upper and middle parts of each of the third connecting rods are movably hinged to the other end of the triangular connecting plate on the same side, and the first connecting rod and the pair of third connecting rods are in a parallel state.

[0014] Preferably, a fixed connecting shaft is rotatably inserted between the pair of fourth connecting rods and is distributed through the fixed connecting shaft, and a pair of hinged short rods are hingedly provided at both ends of the fixed connecting shaft, and the bottom end of each of the hinged short rods is movably hinged to the top end of the third connecting rod on the same side; A second telescopic cylinder with a movable hinge is provided in the middle of the first trapezoidal foot plate, and the end of the telescopic rod of the second telescopic cylinder is movably hinged to the middle of the fixed connecting shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the first L-shaped top plate and the second L-shaped top plate are initially stacked up and down, and occupy a small space when not unfolded, which is very suitable for installation and use in coal mine tunnels with limited space; at the same time, with the translation mechanism composed of a servo motor, a linkage gear, a driven rack, etc., the overall structure is compact, and the various components work together, which effectively utilizes the space and reduces the complexity and floor space of the device; Through the drive of a pair of servo motors, the synchronous rotation of the linkage gears can be accurately controlled, thereby driving a pair of driven racks to translate alternately, so that the first L-shaped top plate and the second L-shaped top plate can be translated forward and backward respectively, so that the deployment direction and distance of the top plate can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual size and support requirements of the tunnel, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to tunnels of different specifications; 2. In the present invention, the folding side panels and the hinged side panels are initially placed in a horizontally stacked state, and occupy very little space when not unfolded, which is particularly suitable for coal mine tunnel environments with limited space. In the tunnel, effective use of space is crucial, and such a design facilitates transportation, installation and storage, and reduces interference with other operations in the tunnel; The coordinated action of the first telescopic cylinder, driven swing arm, extended connecting rod, L-shaped connecting rod, double transverse shaft and double gears realizes the orderly unfolding of the folding side panels and the hinged side panels. The various components cooperate with each other and can flexibly adjust the unfolding angle and position according to the actual shape and size of the inner side wall of the lane, thereby enhancing the adaptability to lanes of different shapes and specifications. 3. In the present invention, four second telescopic cylinders are used as power sources, and cooperate with fixed shafts, articulated short rods, multiple connecting rods (third connecting rod, fourth connecting rod, first connecting rod, second connecting rod) and triangular connecting plates to construct a compact and efficient transmission system; this layout realizes complex motion transmission in a limited space, and the various components cooperate with each other, making full use of space resources and reducing the overall space occupied by the device, which is particularly suitable for use in space-constrained environments such as coal mine tunnels; During the deployment of the device, the hinge and connection methods between the various components ensure the stability of the structure. The hinged action of the hinged short rod and different connecting rods enables the force to be evenly transmitted and dispersed during the movement, avoiding structural damage caused by local stress concentration. The design of the triangular connecting plate further enhances the rigidity of the overall structure, so that the entire device can remain stable during the raising of the rectangular cross plate, providing a reliable structural foundation for subsequent use.

[0016] 4. In the present invention, after the rectangular horizontal plate rises to the specified position, a U-shaped structure with the opening facing downward is formed, which provides a safe and stable passage space for workers in the tunnel. This structure can effectively prevent falling rocks from the top and side walls of the tunnel from causing harm to workers, and ensures the safety of workers walking and working in the tunnel.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has flexible support methods, strong adaptability, small footprint, and is easy to transport, install, and store. It can ensure the safety of workers and backfill mining operations and improve the efficiency of backfill mining operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular horizontal plate, the first L-shaped top plate and the second L-shaped top plate in the present invention; Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the rectangular horizontal plate, the first L-shaped top plate, and the second L-shaped top plate in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elliptical horizontal plate, the hinged side plate and the folded side plate in the present invention; Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the elliptical horizontal plate, the hinged side plate, and the folded side plate in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first trapezoidal foot plate, the second trapezoidal foot plate and a pair of triangular connecting plates in the present invention; Figure 8 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the first trapezoidal foot plate, the second trapezoidal foot plate and a pair of triangular connecting plates in the present invention; The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. rectangular horizontal plate; 11. servo motor; 12. linkage gear; 13. U-shaped rail; 14. T-shaped slide plate; 15. translation plate; 16. driven rack; 17. folding edge connecting plate; 18. first L-shaped top plate; 19. fixed slide bar; 110. second L-shaped top plate; 111. limit pin; 112. limit plate; 113. bending pin hole; 2. elliptical horizontal plate; 21. L-shaped foot plate; 22. hinged side plate; 23. first horizontal axis; 24. folding side plate ; 25. Second horizontal axis; 26. Articulated connecting rod; 27. L-shaped connecting rod; 28. Extended connecting rod; 29. ​​Driven swing arm; 210. L-shaped bracket; 211. First telescopic cylinder; 212. First gear; 213. Second gear; 3. First trapezoidal foot plate; 31. Second telescopic cylinder; 32. Second trapezoidal foot plate; 33. Triangular connecting plate; 34. First connecting rod; 35. Second connecting rod; 36. Third connecting rod; 37. Articulated short rod; 38. Fourth connecting rod; 39. Fixed connecting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment: This embodiment provides a coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body, see Figure 1-8 , comprising a rectangular transverse plate 1, a pair of symmetrically distributed first L-shaped top plates 18 are provided on the front side of the top surface of the rectangular transverse plate 1, and a pair of symmetrically distributed second L-shaped top plates 110 are provided on the rear side of the top surface of the rectangular transverse plate 1, and the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 located on the same side are connected to the rectangular transverse plate 1 through a translation mechanism; the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 on the rectangular transverse plate 1 can play a role in supporting the top wall in the tunnel; A pair of elliptical horizontal plates 2 are arranged horizontally and parallelly below the rectangular horizontal plate 1. A pair of L-shaped foot plates 21 are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the elliptical horizontal plate 2. A hinged side plate 22 is hinged between the pair of L-shaped foot plates 21. A folding side plate 24 is hinged above the hinged side plate 22. The hinged side plates 22 and the folding side plates 24 on the same side are arranged up and down. The folding side plates 24 and the hinged side plates 22 on the elliptical horizontal plate 2 can play a role in supporting the inner side wall of the tunnel. Load-bearing rollers are rotatably installed at both ends of the bottom surface of each elliptical cross plate 2, and first trapezoidal foot plates 3 are fixedly provided on both sides of the top surface of each elliptical cross plate 2. Second trapezoidal foot plates 32 are fixedly provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the rectangular cross plate 1. The first trapezoidal foot plates 3 and the second trapezoidal foot plates 32 located on the same side are connected by a connecting rod mechanism; in use, the rectangular cross plate 1 and a pair of elliptical cross plates 2 form a U-shaped structure with the opening facing downward in the lane, which can allow workers to pass.

[0021] In the specific implementation process, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the translation mechanism includes a pair of translation plates 15, and a pair of translation plates 15 are arranged between the first L-shaped top plate 18, the second L-shaped top plate 110 and the rectangular cross plate 1 on the same side. A folding connecting plate 17 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the top face of one translation plate 15, and the top face of the folding connecting plate 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom face of the first L-shaped top plate 18. A plurality of equally distributed fixed slide bars 19 are slidably inserted on the other translation plate 15, and the top end of each fixed slide bar 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom face of the second L-shaped top plate 110; one translation plate 15 can drive the first L-shaped top plate 18 to translate forward through the folding connecting plate 17, and the other translation plate 15 can drive the second L-shaped top plate 110 to translate backward through the fixed slide bar 19; Two pairs of symmetrically distributed U-shaped rails 13 are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate 1. A T-shaped slide plate 14 is slidably engaged in each U-shaped rail 13. The top surface of each T-shaped slide plate 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the translation plate 15 on the same side. A pair of staggered driven racks 16 are fixed between the adjacent pairs of translation plates 15. A pair of servo motors 11 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate 1, and each servo motor 11 is located between a pair of U-shaped rails 13 on the same side. The motor shaft end of each servo motor 11 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed linkage gear 12, and the motor shaft of the servo motor 11 can drive the linkage gear 12 to rotate synchronously, and the linkage gear 12 is meshed and connected with a pair of driven racks 16 on the same side, and the linkage gear 12 can mesh and drive the pair of driven racks 16 to translate alternately, thereby synchronously driving the translation plate 15 and the T-shaped slide plate 14 to slide along the U-shaped rail 13; Two pairs of symmetrically distributed limiting plates 112 are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular cross plate 1, and each pair of limiting plates 112 is located on the outer side of a pair of U-shaped rails 13 on the same side. A bending pin hole 113 is opened on the top edge of each limiting plate 112. The rear side edge of the first L-shaped top plate 18 is chamfered, and the front side edge of the second L-shaped top plate 110 is chamfered. A pair of limiting pin shafts 111 are fixed on the front end portions of the two side walls of the second L-shaped top plate 110, and each limiting pin shaft 111 is slidably engaged in the bending pin hole 113 on the same side; the limiting pin shaft 111 can slide along the bending pin hole 113. When the limiting pin shaft 111 slides along the bending pin hole 113, it can drive the fixed slide bar 19 to slide upward, driving the chamfered edges of the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 to be placed in a superimposed state, so that the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 are as follows Figure 3 The expanded state shown; The servo motor 11 has high-precision speed control capability, and can drive the linkage gear 12 to rotate synchronously through its motor shaft, so that a pair of driven racks 16 can achieve precise staggered translation; the translation plate 15 and the T-shaped slide plate 14 slide stably along the U-shaped rail 13, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the unfolding process of the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110; at the same time, the limiting pin shaft 111 slides along the bending pin hole 113 and the fixed slide rod 19 cooperates to further accurately limit and guide the translation of the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110, avoiding the problems of deviation and shaking of the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 during the unfolding process, thereby improving the reliability of operation; The meshing transmission mode of the linkage gear 12 and the driven rack 16 can efficiently transmit the power of the servo motor 11 to the translation plate 15 and the T-shaped slide plate 14, thereby driving the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 to translate; when the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 are unfolded according to the design, they can cover the top wall of the tunnel above the rectangular cross plate 1, providing a large area of ​​support for the top wall; such a large area of ​​support can effectively disperse the top plate pressure, reduce the risk of local stress concentration on the top wall of the tunnel, reduce the possibility of deformation and collapse of the top plate, and ensure the stability and safety of the tunnel; The chamfered edges of the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 are placed in a superimposed state, and a stable support structure is formed after unfolding. This structural design increases the connection strength and stability between the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110, and improves the bearing capacity of the entire device; at the same time, the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 are driven to translate respectively by the folding connecting plate 17 and the fixed sliding rod 19, further enhancing the connection reliability between the top plate and the translation mechanism, ensuring that the top plate will not loosen or fall off during the support process, providing reliable protection for the life safety of coal mine workers and the normal operation of equipment.

[0022] In the specific implementation process, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a pair of first transverse shafts 23 are fixedly provided on the upper and lower sides of the hinged side panel 22, and a second transverse shaft 25 is fixedly provided on the bottom side of the folding side panel 24. The two ends of the first transverse shaft 23 located at the bottom are rotatably inserted on a pair of L-shaped foot plates 21. The right end of the first transverse shaft 23 located at the top is sleeved with a concentrically fixed first gear 212, and the right end of the second transverse shaft 25 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second gear 213. The first gear 212 is meshed and connected with the second gear 213; the second gear 213 can mesh and rotate along the first gear 212, and drive the folding side panel 24 and the hinged side panel 22 to be as shown in FIG. Figure 5 The expanded state shown; The right end of the first transverse axis 23 and the right end of the second transverse axis 25 located at the top are respectively movably hinged to the two ends of the same hinged connecting rod 26, and the left end of the first transverse axis 23 and the left end of the second transverse axis 25 located at the top are respectively movably hinged to the corner and the bottom end of the same L-shaped connecting rod 27. The top end of the L-shaped connecting rod 27 is provided with a movably hinged extension connecting rod 28, and the bottom end of the extension connecting rod 28 is movably hinged to the L-shaped foot plate 21 on the same side; under the hinged action of the extension connecting rod 28 and the L-shaped connecting rod 27, the folding side plate 24 can be driven to rotate upward along the second transverse axis 25; A driven swing arm 29 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the first horizontal axis 23 located at the bottom, and an L-shaped bracket 210 is fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom surface of the elliptical horizontal plate 2. A U-shaped notch is opened at the top end of the L-shaped bracket 210, and a first telescopic cylinder 211 with a movable hinge is arranged inside the U-shaped notch. The end of the telescopic rod of the first telescopic cylinder 211 is movably hinged to the top end of the driven swing arm 29. By controlling the extension of the telescopic rod of the first telescopic cylinder 211, the first horizontal axis 23 located at the bottom and the hinged side plate 22 can be driven to rotate upward along the first horizontal axis 23 located at the bottom through the driven swing arm 29. The first telescopic cylinder 211 provides a stable and precisely controllable driving force. By controlling the extension of its telescopic rod, the angle of the hinged side panel 22 rotating upward along the first horizontal axis 23 can be precisely controlled. Then, through the transmission of a series of connecting rods and gears, the amplitude of the folding side panel 24 rotating upward along the second horizontal axis 25 can be precisely controlled. This precise control performance ensures the stability and accuracy of the unfolding process of the hinged side panel 22 and the folding side panel 24, and avoids the problem of inadequate support caused by inaccurate unfolding angles. The articulation of the extended connecting rod 28 and the L-shaped connecting rod 27 and the meshing rotation of the second gear 213 and the first gear 212 form a reliable transmission chain. This transmission mode can not only effectively transmit power, but also withstand a large load during the transmission process, so as to adapt to the harsh working environment of the coal mine. Even in the case of long-term use and vibration, the stability and reliability of the transmission can be guaranteed, and the probability of device failure is reduced. When the folding side panels 24 and the hinged side panels 22 are unfolded as designed, they can fully cover the inner side wall area of ​​the tunnel corresponding to the elliptical cross plate 2. This large-area support coverage can evenly disperse the pressure on the inner side wall of the tunnel, effectively reducing the risk of local deformation, cracks or even collapse of the side wall, and ensuring the overall stability and safety of the tunnel; the unfolded folding side panels 24 and the hinged side panels 22 form a stable support structure, which cooperate with each other to provide strong support for the inner side wall of the tunnel, especially in some areas with complex geological conditions and high side wall pressure. This structure can better resist external forces, ensure the safety of the tunnel, and provide a strong guarantee for the smooth production of coal mines; at the same time, the design of this support structure also reduces the number of times staff perform frequent support and maintenance in dangerous areas, reducing safety risks.

[0023] In the specific implementation process, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the link mechanism includes a pair of triangular connecting plates 33, a pair of triangular connecting plates 33 is provided between the first trapezoidal foot plate 3 and the second trapezoidal foot plate 32, a first connecting rod 34 that is movably hinged is provided between the bottom ends of the pair of triangular connecting plates 33, the bottom end of the first connecting rod 34 is movably hinged to the bottom end of the first trapezoidal foot plate 3, a second connecting rod 35 that is movably hinged is provided between the top ends of the pair of triangular connecting plates 33, the top end of the second connecting rod 35 is movably hinged to the top end of the second trapezoidal foot plate 32; A driven connecting shaft is rotatably inserted between the middle parts of a pair of triangular connecting plates 33 and is distributed through them. A pair of fourth connecting rods 38 are fixedly arranged at both ends of the driven connecting shaft and are distributed in parallel. The top ends of the pair of fourth connecting rods 38 are respectively movably hinged to the bottom ends of the second trapezoidal foot plates 32, and the second connecting rod 35 is parallel to the pair of fourth connecting rods 38. A pair of third connecting rods 36 are hinged to the top end of the first trapezoidal foot plates 3, and the middle and upper parts of each third connecting rod 36 are movably hinged to the other end of the triangular connecting plate 33 on the same side, and the first connecting rod 34 is parallel to the pair of third connecting rods 36. A fixed connecting shaft 39 is rotatably inserted between the pair of fourth connecting rods 38 and is distributed throughout. A pair of hinged short rods 37 are hingedly provided at both ends of the fixed connecting shaft 39. The bottom end of each hinged short rod 37 is movably hinged to the top end of the third connecting rod 36 on the same side. Under the hinged action of the hinged short rod 37 and the fourth connecting rod 38, the fourth connecting rod 38 and the second connecting rod 35 can be driven to hinge and swing synchronously. Under the hinged action of the hinged short rod 37 and the third connecting rod 36, the triangular connecting plate 33, the first connecting rod 34 and the third connecting rod 36 can be driven to tilt and swing upward synchronously. A second telescopic cylinder 31 is provided in the middle of the first trapezoidal foot plate 3, and the end of the telescopic rod of the second telescopic cylinder 31 is movably hinged to the middle of the fixed connecting shaft 39; the telescopic rod of the second telescopic cylinder 31 is controlled to extend, and the pair of hinged short rods 37 can be driven to rise through the fixed connecting shaft 39; The drive of the four second telescopic cylinders 31 can accurately control the extension of the telescopic rod, thereby realizing the precise adjustment of the height of the articulated short rod 37. Through the transmission of a series of connecting rods, this precise control can be further transmitted to the lifting process of the rectangular cross plate 1, so that it can accurately rise to the specified position; this precise motion control can meet the requirements of different lane heights and improve the versatility and adaptability of the device; The device realizes the coordinated swing and movement of multiple components through the ingenious connecting rod hinge design. Under the action of the hinged short rod 37, the third connecting rod 36 and the fourth connecting rod 38 can respectively drive different components to swing in different directions, and finally realize the elevation of the rectangular cross plate 1; this flexible movement mode enables the device to be smoothly carried out during the unfolding and folding process, reduces the possibility of movement interference, and improves the convenience of operation; When the rectangular horizontal plate 1 rises to the designated position along a pair of elliptical horizontal plates 2, a U-shaped structure with the opening facing downward is formed, which provides a safe and stable passage space for workers in the tunnel. This U-shaped structure can effectively prevent falling rocks from the top and side walls of the tunnel from causing harm to workers, thus ensuring the safety of workers walking and working in the tunnel. The deployable and foldable design of the device allows the tunnel space to be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. When passage is required, the device can be deployed to form a passage; when it is not needed, it can be folded up without affecting the operation and movement of other equipment in the tunnel. This convenient channel conversion function improves the utilization rate of the tunnel space and optimizes the workflow of coal mine production.

[0024] Specifically, the working principle and operation method of the present invention are as follows: Step 1: Push the load-bearing roller to move a pair of elliptical horizontal plates 2 and rectangular horizontal plates 1 to the designated position in the lane. The first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 are initially placed in an up-and-down stack. Under the driving action of a pair of servo motors 11, the motor shaft of the servo motor 11 drives the linkage gear 12 to rotate synchronously. The linkage gear 12 meshes and drives a pair of driven racks 16 to translate alternately, and synchronously drives the translation plate 15 and the T-shaped slide plate 14 to slide along the U-shaped rail 13. One translation plate 15 drives the first L-shaped top plate 18 to translate forward through the folding edge connecting plate 17, and the other translation plate 15 drives the second L-shaped top plate 110 to translate backward through the fixed slide bar 19, and simultaneously drives the limit pin 111 to slide along the bending pin hole 113, drives the fixed slide bar 19 to slide upward, and drives the chamfered edges of the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 to be placed in a superimposed state, so that the first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 are as shown. Figure 3 The expanded state shown; Step 2: Under the driving action of the four second telescopic cylinders 31, the telescopic rods of the second telescopic cylinders 31 are controlled to extend, and the pair of articulated short rods 37 are driven to rise through the fixed connecting shaft 39. Under the articulation action of the articulated short rods 37 and the third connecting rod 36, the triangular connecting plate 33, the first connecting rod 34, and the third connecting rod 36 are synchronously driven to tilt and swing upward; Under the hinged action of the hinged short rod 37 and the fourth connecting rod 38, the fourth connecting rod 38 and the second connecting rod 35 are synchronously driven to hinge and swing in opposite directions, driving the second trapezoidal foot plate 32 and the first trapezoidal foot plate 3 to be as shown in FIG. Figure 7 In the unfolded state shown, the rectangular horizontal plate 1 is raised upward to a specified position along a pair of elliptical horizontal plates 2; Step 3: The foldable side panels 24 and the articulated side panels 22 are initially placed in a horizontally stacked state. Under the driving action of the first telescopic cylinder 211, the telescopic rod of the first telescopic cylinder 211 is controlled to extend, and the first horizontal axis 23 and the articulated side panels 22 located below are driven by the driven swing arm 29 to rotate upward along the first horizontal axis 23 located below, and under the articulation action of the extended connecting rod 28 and the L-shaped connecting rod 27, the foldable side panels 24 are driven to rotate upward along the second horizontal axis 25, and the second gear 213 is synchronously driven to rotate along the first gear 212 in meshing, and the foldable side panels 24 and the articulated side panels 22 are driven to rotate upward along the second horizontal axis 25. Figure 5 The expanded state shown; Step 4: The rectangular cross plate 1 and a pair of elliptical cross plates 2 form a U-shaped state with the opening facing downward in the tunnel for workers to pass through. The first L-shaped top plate 18 and the second L-shaped top plate 110 on the rectangular cross plate 1 serve to support the top wall in the tunnel, and the folding side plates 24 and the hinged side plates 22 on the elliptical cross plate 2 serve to support the side walls in the tunnel.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body, characterized in that: It comprises a rectangular transverse plate (1), wherein a pair of symmetrically distributed first L-shaped top plates (18) are provided on the front side of the top surface of the rectangular transverse plate (1), and a pair of symmetrically distributed second L-shaped top plates (110) are provided on the rear side of the top surface of the rectangular transverse plate (1), and the first L-shaped top plates (18) and the second L-shaped top plates (110) located on the same side are connected to the rectangular transverse plate (1) via a translation mechanism; A pair of elliptical horizontal plates (2) are arranged in parallel and in a transverse direction directly below the rectangular horizontal plate (1); a pair of L-shaped foot plates (21) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the top surface of the elliptical horizontal plate (2); a hinged side plate (22) is hingedly arranged between the pair of L-shaped foot plates (21); a folding side plate (24) is hingedly arranged above the hinged side plate (22); and the hinged side plate (22) and the folding side plate (24) on the same side are arranged in an upper and lower arrangement; Both ends of the bottom surface of each elliptical cross plate (2) are rotatably mounted with load-bearing rollers, both sides of the top surface of each elliptical cross plate (2) are fixedly provided with first trapezoidal foot plates (3), and four corners of the bottom surface of the rectangular cross plate (1) are fixedly provided with second trapezoidal foot plates (32), and the first trapezoidal foot plates (3) and the second trapezoidal foot plates (32) located on the same side are connected via a connecting rod mechanism.

2. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation mechanism comprises a pair of translation plates (15), wherein a pair of translation plates (15) are arranged between a first L-shaped top plate (18), a second L-shaped top plate (110) and a rectangular cross plate (1) located on the same side, a folded edge connecting plate (17) is fixedly arranged on the front side edge of the top surface of one translation plate (15), the top surface of the folded edge connecting plate (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first L-shaped top plate (18), and a plurality of equidistantly distributed fixed sliding rods (19) are slidably inserted on the other translation plate (15), and the top end of each of the fixed sliding rods (19) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second L-shaped top plate (110).

3. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two pairs of symmetrically distributed U-shaped rails (13) are fixedly provided on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate (1), each of the U-shaped rails (13) is slidably engaged with a T-shaped slide plate (14), the top surface of each T-shaped slide plate (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the translation plate (15) on the same side, and a pair of staggered driven racks (16) are fixedly provided between adjacent pairs of translation plates (15); A pair of servo motors (11) are fixedly disposed on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate (1), each of the servo motors (11) is located between a pair of U-shaped rails (13) on the same side, a motor shaft end of each of the servo motors (11) is sleeved with a coaxially fixed linkage gear (12), and the linkage gear (12) is meshingly connected to a pair of driven racks (16) on the same side.

4. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two pairs of symmetrically distributed limit plates (112) are fixedly provided on both sides of the top surface of the rectangular horizontal plate (1), each pair of the limit plates (112) is located on the outside of a pair of U-shaped rails (13) on the same side, and a bending pin hole (113) is opened on the top edge of each limit plate (112). The rear side edge of the first L-shaped top plate (18) is chamfered, and the front side edge of the second L-shaped top plate (110) is chamfered. A pair of limit pin shafts (111) are fixedly provided at the front ends of the two side walls of the second L-shaped top plate (110), and each limit pin shaft (111) is slidably engaged in the bending pin hole (113) on the same side.

5. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pair of first transverse axes (23) extending through the hinged side panels (22) are fixedly disposed on the upper and lower sides, a second transverse axis (25) extending through the hinged side panels (22) is fixedly disposed on the bottom side of the folded side panels (24), the two ends of the first transverse axis (23) located at the bottom are rotatably inserted on a pair of L-shaped foot panels (21), the right end of the first transverse axis (23) located at the top is sleeved with a concentrically fixed first gear (212), the right end of the second transverse axis (25) is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second gear (213), and the first gear (212) is meshingly connected to the second gear (213).

6. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 5, characterized in that: The right end of the first transverse axis (23) and the right end of the second transverse axis (25) located at the top are respectively movably hinged to the two ends of the same hinged connecting rod (26), and the left end of the first transverse axis (23) and the left end of the second transverse axis (25) located at the top are respectively movably hinged to the corner and the bottom end of the same L-shaped connecting rod (27), and the top end of the L-shaped connecting rod (27) is provided with a movably hinged extension connecting rod (28), and the bottom end of the extension connecting rod (28) is movably hinged to the L-shaped foot plate (21) on the same side.

7. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 6, characterized in that: A driven swing arm (29) is fixedly provided at the left end of the first horizontal axis (23) located at the bottom, an L-shaped bracket (210) is fixedly provided at one side of the bottom surface of the elliptical horizontal plate (2), a U-shaped notch is provided at the top end of the L-shaped bracket (210), a first telescopic cylinder (211) movably hinged is provided inside the U-shaped notch, and an end of a telescopic rod of the first telescopic cylinder (211) is movably hinged to the top end of the driven swing arm (29).

8. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism comprises a pair of triangular connecting plates (33), wherein a pair of triangular connecting plates (33) are provided between the first trapezoidal foot plate (3) and the second trapezoidal foot plate (32), a first connecting rod (34) movably hinged is provided between the bottom ends of the pair of triangular connecting plates (33), the bottom end of the first connecting rod (34) is movably hinged to the bottom end of the first trapezoidal foot plate (3), and a second connecting rod (35) movably hinged is provided between the top ends of the pair of triangular connecting plates (33), the top end of the second connecting rod (35) is movably hinged to the top end of the second trapezoidal foot plate (32).

9. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 8, characterized in that: A driven connecting shaft is rotatably inserted between the middle parts of a pair of triangular connecting plates (33) and is distributed through them. A pair of fourth connecting rods (38) distributed in parallel are fixedly provided at both ends of the driven connecting shaft. The top ends of the pair of fourth connecting rods (38) are respectively movably hinged to the bottom ends of the second trapezoidal foot plates (32), and the second connecting rod (35) is parallel to the pair of fourth connecting rods (38). A pair of third connecting rods (36) distributed in parallel are hinged to the top end of the first trapezoidal foot plates (3). The middle and upper parts of each of the third connecting rods (36) are movably hinged to the other end of the triangular connecting plate (33) on the same side, and the first connecting rod (34) is parallel to the pair of third connecting rods (36).

10. A coal mine backfill mining tunnel support body according to claim 9, characterized in that: A fixed connecting shaft (39) is rotatably inserted between the pair of fourth connecting rods (38), and a pair of hinged short rods (37) are hingedly provided at both ends of the fixed connecting shaft (39), and the bottom end of each hinged short rod (37) is movably hinged to the top end of the third connecting rod (36) on the same side; a second telescopic cylinder (31) is movably hinged in the middle of the first trapezoidal foot plate (3), and the end of the telescopic rod of the second telescopic cylinder (31) is movably hinged to the middle of the fixed connecting shaft (39).

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