Novel rock-soil body volume measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel rock-soil body volume measuring device and method.The measuring device comprises a measuring box, an ultrasonic film sprayer, a water pump, a reservoir and a mass collecting system, and a temperature controller is arranged in the measuring box; the mass collecting system comprises a mass sensor arranged at the top of the measuring box and a hanging basket connected with the mass sensor and located in the measuring box, the ultrasonic film spraying device is used for forming a protective layer capable of being heated and sublimated on the surface of a rock-soil body sample arranged on the hanging basket, and the inlet end of the water pump is connected with the reservoir; the inlet end of the water pump is connected with the measuring box. The novel rock-soil body volume measuring device integrates film spraying, buoyancy and baking, can measure the volume of an irregular rock-soil body sample in an economical and environment-friendly manner, can also measure the dry density of the sample and determine the density of a soil body, and is wide in application range; the method is high in measurement precision and low in measurement cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering analysis and testing, and in particular to a novel rock and soil volume measuring device and a measuring method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the volume measurement of irregular objects usually adopts methods such as buoyancy method, photography method and laser scanning method. The overflow method uses the principle of rising water level to immerse the object in water and calculate the volume by measuring the change of water level. It is simple and easy, but it is not suitable for objects that are insoluble in water or objects that are easily damaged by water. The photography method is a method of taking pictures of the object, using image processing software to analyze the pictures and measure the volume of the object. It is easy to operate and suitable for objects of various shapes, but it is affected by image resolution and processing accuracy, which may affect the measurement accuracy. The laser scanning method uses a laser scanner to perform high-precision three-dimensional scanning on the surface of the object, and then calculates the volume. It has high accuracy, but the equipment cost is relatively high.

[0003] In terms of applicability, economy and accuracy, the above methods are not suitable for volume measurement of irregular rock and soil samples. First, due to the small volume of the sample, it is difficult to directly use traditional measurement tools for accurate measurement. Secondly, the shape of the sample is usually irregular, and there may be unevenness or protrusions, which makes volume measurement more complicated. In addition, the sample may have porosity or cracks, resulting in inaccurate volume measurement results. In addition, it is necessary to consider the measurement of volume without damaging the rock and soil. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel rock and soil volume measuring device and measuring method to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a novel rock and soil volume measuring device, comprising a measuring box, an ultrasonic film sprayer, a water pump, a water reservoir, a vacuum pump and a mass collection system, wherein a temperature controller is arranged in the measuring box, the mass collection system comprises a mass sensor arranged on the top of the measuring box and a hanging basket connected to the mass sensor and located in the measuring box, the ultrasonic film sprayer is used to form a protective layer that can be heated and sublimated on the surface of the rock and soil sample placed on the hanging basket, the inlet end of the water pump is connected to the water reservoir, and the inlet end of the water pump is connected to the measuring box; the vacuum pump is connected to the measuring box.

[0006] Furthermore, a middle partition is horizontally arranged in the measuring box, and the temperature controller is located below the middle partition; a fan for accelerating the gas circulation in the measuring box is arranged at the bottom of the measuring box, and an opening is opened on the side wall of the measuring box for placing and removing samples.

[0007] Furthermore, the nozzle of the ultrasonic film sprayer forms an angle of 30° to 60° with the rock and soil sample, the film material in the ultrasonic film sprayer is liquefied after being heated, and forms a dense, transparent and shiny micro-nano coating on the surface of the rock and soil sample after being sprayed out through the ultrasonic nozzle; the sublimation temperature of the protective layer is above 150°C.

[0008] Furthermore, the hanging basket is connected to the mass sensor via a chain, and the bottom of the hanging basket is a screen structure.

[0009] The present invention also provides a novel rock and soil volume measurement method, using the rock and soil volume measurement device mentioned above, the method comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1, spraying: First, place the irregular rock and soil sample on the hanging basket, and record the mass m1 of the rock and soil sample; then, turn on the ultrasonic sprayer for preheating, and after the preheating, the ultrasonic sprayer sprays the sample to form a protective film on the surface of the sample; during the spraying process, manually turn the sample over to ensure that the sample is completely covered by the coating; after the spraying is completed, take out the sprayed sample, increase the temperature in the box, and completely sublimate the paint remaining in the box and on the screen due to the spraying; after the residual spraying material is sublimated and removed, lower the box temperature, and after the box temperature returns to room temperature, put the sample back on the screen, and weigh the mass m2 of the sample after the spraying is completed;

[0011] Step 2, measuring volume by buoyancy method: Turn on the water pump, and continuously pump water into the measuring box until the water level completely submerges the entire hanging basket, and record the mass m3 of the sample with the film on the surface in the water; remove the sample, and weigh the mass of the hanging basket in the water; after the weighing, use the water pump to completely pump the water in the measuring box back to the water reservoir;

[0012] Step 3, sample film removal: turn on the fan and the opening to drain all the moisture in the measuring box; then raise the temperature in the measuring box to above 150°C to allow the protective film covering the surface of the sample to sublime, until the mass measured by the mass sensor no longer changes, then all the protective film on the surface of the sample is removed, and then the final mass m4 of the sample at high temperature is obtained.

[0013] Furthermore, the method further includes step 4: measuring the moisture content of the sample after removing the protective film, and calculating the dry density of the sample according to the measurement result.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] A novel rock and soil volume measurement method of the present invention adopts a film spraying buoyancy method to measure the volume of irregular rock and soil. The rock and soil sample is sprayed with film, and a uniform micro-nano film is formed on the surface of the sample after coating. The film is impermeable and covers the surface of the sample like a coating, and then the volume of the coated sample is measured by the buoyancy method. After the buoyancy test is completed, the coated sample is placed in an oven, and the oven temperature is increased to 100°C. The film covering the surface of the sample will sublimate at high temperature. After the sublimation, the film will completely disappear, and the rock and soil sample will return to its original state. The volume of the sample is obtained by calculation. The present invention sublimates the film on the surface of the sample at high temperature, so that the sample is restored to its original state, and the volume of the sample is obtained without loss. The novel rock and soil volume measurement device of the present invention integrates film spraying, buoyancy, and baking. While completing the volume measurement of irregular rock and soil samples in an economical and environmentally friendly way, it can also measure the dry density of the sample, clarify the density of the soil, and has a wide range of applications. The method of the present invention has high measurement accuracy and low measurement cost.

[0016] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a soil disintegration test device of the present invention;

[0019] Among them, 1-measuring box; 2-ultrasonic film sprayer; 3-water pump; 4-water reservoir; 5-middle partition; 6-temperature controller; 7-quality sensor; 8-hanging basket; 9-sample; 10-fan; 11-opening, 12-vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and equivalent changes or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1The present embodiment provides a novel rock and soil volume measuring device, comprising a measuring box 1, an ultrasonic film sprayer 2, a water pump 3, a water reservoir 4, a vacuum pump 12 and a mass collection system; the specific structure is as follows: the measuring box 1 adopts a glass box, and a temperature controller 6 for adjusting the temperature in the glass box is arranged in the measuring box 1; the mass collection system comprises a mass sensor 7 arranged on the top of the measuring box 1 and a hanging basket 8 connected to the mass sensor 7 and located in the measuring box 1; the ultrasonic film sprayer 2 is arranged on the top of the measuring box 1, and is used to form a protective layer that can be heated and sublimated on the surface of a rock and soil sample 9 placed on the hanging basket 8; the inlet end of the water pump 3 is connected to the water reservoir 4, and the inlet end of the water pump 3 is connected to the measuring box 1. In this structural setting, the nozzle of the ultrasonic film sprayer 2 is at an angle of 30° to 60° with the rock and soil sample 9. The film material in the ultrasonic film sprayer 2 is liquefied after being heated, and forms a dense, transparent and shiny micro-nano coating on the surface of the rock and soil sample 9 after being sprayed out through the ultrasonic nozzle; the sublimation temperature of the protective layer is 150°, and the vacuum pump 12 is connected to the measuring box 1. Specifically, the nozzle of the ultrasonic film sprayer 2 is set at an angle of 45° with the rock and soil sample 9; the protective layer material is usually made of polymer materials such as polyester and polyamide, and contains a sublimator. The protective layer material will quickly liquefy (about 50°C) after being heated in the ultrasonic film sprayer 2, and form a dense, transparent and shiny micro-nano coating on the surface of the sample after being sprayed out through the ultrasonic nozzle, and will directly sublimate after exceeding 150°C; during sublimation, the vacuum pump 12 needs to be turned on for vacuum treatment.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, a middle screen 5 (resistant to -20 to 200°C) is horizontally arranged in the measuring box 1, and the middle screen reduces splashing to the lower part during spraying, and there is an opening in the upper right part. The temperature controller 6 is located below the middle screen 5; a fan 10 for accelerating the gas circulation in the measuring box 1 is arranged at the bottom of the measuring box 1, and an opening 11 is opened on the side wall of the measuring box 1 for the sample to be put in and taken out. The hanging basket 8 is connected to the mass sensor 7 by a chain, and the bottom of the hanging basket 8 is a screen structure.

[0023] The present invention also provides a novel rock and soil volume measurement method, using the rock and soil volume measurement device mentioned above, the measurement method comprises the following steps:

[0024] Step 1, spraying: First, place the irregular rock and soil sample 9 on the hanging basket 8, and record the mass m1 of the rock and soil sample 9; then, turn on the ultrasonic sprayer 2 for preheating. After the preheating, the ultrasonic sprayer 2 sprays the sample 9. In order to ensure full coverage and uniformity, after one side of the spraying is completed, the sample is turned over and sprayed again to form a protective film on the surface of the sample 9; during the spraying process, the sample is manually turned over to ensure that the sample is completely wrapped by the coating; after the spraying is completed, take out the sprayed sample, increase the temperature in the box, and make the paint remaining in the box and on the screen due to the spraying completely sublime; after the residual spraying material is sublimated and removed, lower the box temperature, and after the box temperature returns to room temperature, put the sample back on the screen, and weigh the mass m2 of the sample 9 after the spraying is completed. The protective film is specifically a micro-nano coating film, which is insoluble in the soil when in liquid state and will not penetrate into the soil. After cooling, it will form a transparent and dense film. The density of the film is consistent. Therefore, multiple spraying caused by turning over the middle surface will not affect the accuracy of volume measurement.

[0025] Step 2: Measure volume by buoyancy method: turn on the water pump 3, and continuously pump water into the measuring box 1 until the water level completely submerges the entire hanging basket 8, and record the mass m3 of the surface-coated sample 9 in the water; remove the sample 9, and weigh the mass of the hanging basket 8 in the water; after the weighing, use the water pump 3 to completely pump the water in the measuring box 1 back into the water reservoir 4.

[0026] Step 3, sample film removal: Use the temperature regulator 6 to adjust the temperature in the measuring box 1 to 30-40°C, turn on the fan 10 and the opening 11, and drain all the water in the measuring box 1; then raise the temperature in the measuring box 1 to 150°C to allow the protective film covering the surface of the sample 9 to sublime, until the mass measured by the mass sensor 1 no longer changes, then the protective film on the surface of the sample 9 is completely removed, and then the final mass m4 of the sample 9 at high temperature is obtained. At the same time, the moisture content of the sample 9 after removing the protective film can also be measured, and the dry density of the sample 9 can be calculated based on the measurement results.

[0027] Example

[0028] Measure an irregular clay sample the size of a fist. First, use a fine brush to brush away the hair particles that are not completely adhered to the surface of the sample. Place the sample on a hanging basket and weigh the mass of the sample m1 = 319.96g. Then, spray the sample. After spraying, the mass of the sample m2 = 466.13g. The density of the hydrocarbon compound film is 1.1g / cm 3 After the mass measurement of the coated sample, the buoyancy test was carried out. The mass of the sample submerged in water was m3 = 140.46g. The above mass results have removed the mass of the cage. The water was drained and the glass box was dried to heat up the film material for sublimation removal. The final mass of the sample at high temperature was m4 = 278.23g.

[0029] Calculate volume:

[0030]

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of rock and soil volume measurement device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a measuring box (1), an ultrasonic film sprayer (2), a water pump (3), a water reservoir (4), a vacuum pump (12) and a mass acquisition system. The measuring box (1) is provided with a temperature controller (6). The mass acquisition system comprises a mass sensor (7) arranged on the top of the measuring box (1) and a hanging basket (8) connected to the mass sensor (7) and located in the measuring box (1). The ultrasonic film sprayer (2) is used to form a protective layer capable of being heated and sublimated on the surface of a rock and soil sample (9) placed on the hanging basket (8). The inlet end of the water pump (3) is connected to the water reservoir (4), and the inlet end of the water pump (3) is connected to the measuring box (1); the vacuum pump (12) is connected to the measuring box (1).

2. The rock and soil volume measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A middle partition (5) is horizontally arranged in the measuring box (1), and the temperature controller (6) is located below the middle partition (5); a fan (10) is arranged at the bottom of the measuring box (1) for accelerating the circulation of gas in the measuring box (1), and an opening (11) is provided on the side wall of the measuring box (1) for a passage for placing and removing samples.

3. The rock and soil volume measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle of the ultrasonic film sprayer (2) forms an angle of 30° to 60° with the rock and soil sample (9); the film material in the ultrasonic film sprayer (2) is liquefied after being heated, and forms a dense, transparent and shiny micro-nano coating on the surface of the rock and soil sample (9) after being sprayed out through the ultrasonic nozzle; the sublimation temperature of the protective layer is above 150°C.

4. The rock and soil volume measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging basket (8) is connected to the mass sensor (7) via a chain, and the bottom of the hanging basket (8) is a screen structure.

5. A new method for measuring the volume of rock and soil, characterized in that: Using the rock and soil volume measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, spraying: first, place the irregular rock and soil sample (9) on the hanging basket (8), and record the mass m1 of the rock and soil sample (9); then, turn on the ultrasonic sprayer (2) for preheating, and after the preheating is completed, the ultrasonic sprayer (2) sprays the sample (9) to form a protective film on the surface of the sample (9); during the spraying process, the sample is manually turned over to ensure that the sample is completely covered by the coating; after the spraying is completed, take out the sprayed sample, increase the temperature in the box, and completely sublimate the coating remaining in the box and on the screen due to the spraying; after the residual spraying material is sublimated and removed, lower the box temperature, and after the box temperature returns to room temperature, put the sample back on the screen, and weigh the mass m2 of the sample (9) after the spraying is completed; Step 2, measuring volume by buoyancy method: Turn on the water pump (3), and continuously pump water into the measuring box (1) until the water level completely submerges the entire hanging basket (8), and record the mass m3 of the sample (9) with the film on the surface in the water; remove the sample (9), and weigh the mass of the hanging basket (8) in the water; after the weighing is completed, use the water pump (3) to completely pump the water in the measuring box (1) back into the water reservoir (4); Step 3, sample film removal: Turn on the fan (10) and the opening (11) to drain all the moisture in the measuring box (1); then increase the temperature in the measuring box (1) to above 150°C to allow the protective film covering the surface of the sample (9) to sublime until the mass measured by the mass sensor (1) no longer changes. The protective film on the surface of the sample (9) is then completely removed, thereby obtaining the final mass m4 of the sample (9) at high temperature.

6. The method for measuring the volume of rock and soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises step 4: measuring the moisture content of the sample (9) after the protective film is removed, and calculating the dry density of the sample (9) according to the measurement result.

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