Open channel flow measurement system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy measurement, and discloses an open channel flow measurement system which comprises a flow feedback measurement plate, a self-adjusting module, a data processing module, a wireless communication module and a portable storage, measurement and control integrated box. The flow feedback measurement plate is used for detecting stress change applied by water flow to be measured and converting the stress change to obtain an electric signal corresponding to the stress change; the self-adjusting module is used for adjusting the flow feedback measuring plate so that the flow feedback measuring plate can be located at the optimal measuring position of the liquid level of the water flow to be measured. The data processing module is used for processing the electric signal to obtain water velocity data; a wireless communication module; the portable storage, measurement and control integrated box is used for providing a disassembly and storage space for the system. The micro strain caused by water flow can be accurately captured, and high-precision flow measurement is achieved. Self-adaptive accurate adjustment is realized, and the measurement efficiency and stability are improved. And remote transmission and real-time monitoring of data are supported. The device is easy to disassemble and store, and can be quickly deployed and used in different places.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic measurement, and in particular to an open channel flow measurement system. Background Art

[0002] The open channel flow meter monitoring system is used to measure fluid flow in open channels or channels. It is suitable for flow measurement of rectangular, trapezoidal, U-shaped open channels and some non-pressure water culverts in reservoirs, rivers, water conservancy projects, urban water supply, sewage treatment, farmland irrigation, water administration and water resources.

[0003] In the related technology, the existing flow measurement instruments (such as propeller flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters, etc.) have large measurement errors due to the influence of flow velocity changes, equipment accuracy and external environmental interference, and cannot achieve high-precision flow measurement, especially in complex open channel flow environments, where there is a large uncertainty. Existing flow measurement equipment is difficult to install and maintain, and the cost is high. The equipment cannot provide real-time data, data transmission is limited, and there is a lack of automation. The measurement accuracy and stability are insufficient. Existing flow measurement equipment is difficult to meet the needs of modern flow measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an open channel flow measurement system to solve the problem that existing flow measurement equipment is difficult to meet flow measurement requirements.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an open channel flow measurement system, the system comprising: a flow feedback measurement board, a self-adjusting module, a data processing module, a wireless communication module and a portable integrated measurement and control box:

[0006] The flow feedback measurement board is used to detect the stress change applied by the water flow to be measured, and convert the strain generated by the stress change into an electrical signal corresponding to the stress change;

[0007] A self-adjusting module is used to collect environmental data; based on the environmental data and the equipment status information of the open channel flow measurement system, the flow feedback measurement board is adjusted so that the flow feedback measurement board is located at the best measurement position of the water level to be measured;

[0008] A data processing module is used to process the electrical signal to obtain water flow velocity data;

[0009] The wireless communication module is embedded in the portable integrated storage and control box and connected to the data processing module to transmit the water flow velocity data to the target server;

[0010] Portable integrated storage and measurement and control box, used to provide disassembly and storage space for the open channel flow measurement system.

[0011] In the present invention, a new flow rate measurement formula and a highly sensitive rheological feedback measurement plate are used to accurately capture the tiny strain caused by the water flow and achieve high-precision flow measurement. The self-adjusting module adopts optimized control to achieve adaptive and precise adjustment of the measuring device, reduce manual intervention, and improve measurement efficiency and stability. The integrated wireless communication module supports remote transmission and real-time monitoring of data, and is suitable for unattended measurement tasks. The modular design of the equipment is easy to disassemble and store, and is convenient for rapid deployment and use in different locations.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the flow feedback measurement board includes: a measurement plate and several groups of three-dimensional strain rosettes, the three-dimensional strain rosette includes a strain rosette base, three groups of strain gauges, strain gauge data lines, positioning lines and point locations, and the three-dimensional strain rosette is connected to the data processing module through the strain gauge data line to transmit the electrical signal to the data processing module.

[0013] In this method, the strain gauge arrangement is specially designed to sensitively capture stress changes in multiple directions caused by water flow, ensuring accurate strain data under complex water flow conditions. The thickness, length, width of the measuring plate, as well as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material are all selected and calculated to meet the requirements of the new flow velocity measurement formula.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module includes: a single-chip microcomputer, a liftable component, an electric lift, an angle adjustment slider and a movable slider. The single-chip microcomputer is used to construct an error function based on environmental data, combined with the vertical height of the flow feedback measurement plate, the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the angle between the flow feedback measurement plate and the water surface through a Newton-Raphson optimized PID control algorithm; a control signal is calculated based on the error function; and based on the control signal, the liftable component, the electric lift, the angle adjustment slider and the movable slider are controlled to be positioned to the target position.

[0015] In this method, the single-chip microcomputer obtains water flow and equipment status information in real time, and uses the PID control optimized by the Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm to adaptively adjust the actions of each actuator according to the set target parameters. The Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm (NRBO) optimized PID control can automatically adjust the control parameters according to the changes in water flow conditions, ensuring that the measuring plate is always in the best position with the measuring liquid surface, so that the internal strain gauge is in the best working state, improving the intelligence level of the measuring device, reducing manual intervention, and improving the stability and accuracy of the measurement.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module also includes a position sensor, which is used to measure the vertical position of the flow feedback measurement plate, and the single-chip microcomputer is used to calculate a first deviation between the vertical position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the height of the target position; based on the first deviation, the error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a first gradient and a first Hessian matrix; using the first gradient and the first Hessian matrix, the height control signal parameters are updated to generate a height control signal; in response to the height control signal, the liftable component and the electric lift are controlled to adjust the height of the flow feedback measurement plate to the height of the target position.

[0017] In this method, the single chip microcomputer controls the lifting components to complete the lifting action, and adjusts the vertical height of the measuring plate in real time to adapt to different water level conditions, ensuring that the measuring plate is always at the optimal height.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module also includes a displacement sensor, which is used to measure the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate. The single-chip microcomputer is also used to calculate a second deviation between the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the target position; based on the second deviation, the error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a second gradient and a second Hessian matrix; using the second gradient and the second Hessian matrix, the horizontal position control signal parameters are updated to generate a horizontal position control signal; in response to the horizontal position control signal, the movable slider is controlled to adjust the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate to the target position.

[0019] In this mode, the single chip microcomputer automatically adjusts the position of the rheological feedback measurement plate according to the real-time water level and environmental conditions to ensure that the measurement plate is always in the best measurement state.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module also includes an angle sensor, which is used to measure the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate, and the single-chip microcomputer is also used to calculate a third deviation between the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate and the target angle; based on the third deviation, the error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a third gradient and a third Hessian matrix; using the third gradient and the third Hessian matrix, the angle control signal parameters are updated to generate an angle control signal; in response to the angle control signal, the angle adjustment slider is controlled to adjust the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate to the target angle.

[0021] In this method, according to the real-time water level and environmental conditions, the single-chip microcomputer controls the angle adjustment slider to automatically adjust the and angle of the rheological feedback measurement plate, and adjust the inclination angle of the measurement plate to ensure that the measurement plate always remains flush with the water surface, which is crucial to ensuring the stability and measurement accuracy of the rheological feedback measurement plate.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the data processing module includes: a microprocessor, a signal amplifier, a filter and an analog-to-digital converter: the signal amplifier is used to amplify the electrical signal to obtain an amplified electrical signal; the filter is used to filter the amplified electrical signal to obtain a filtered signal; the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the filtered signal into a digital signal; the microprocessor is used to use the flow velocity measurement formula and temperature compensation technology to calculate the water flow velocity data, and send the water flow velocity data to the wireless communication module.

[0023] In this method, the weak electrical signal of the rheological feedback measurement board transmitted through the data transmission line of the rheological feedback measurement board is received, amplified to a processable level by a signal amplifier, filtered and then converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter, and the water flow velocity is calculated using the built-in new flow velocity measurement formula and temperature compensation technology. After the data processing is completed, the processed flow velocity data is sent to the wireless communication module, ensuring that the measurement device can ensure stable data processing even in a complex water flow environment.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the microprocessor is used to collect the ambient temperature and calculate the temperature change caused by the flow feedback measurement board; the temperature change is corrected according to the temperature compensation formula to calculate the strain value; the digital signal is corrected using the strain value to obtain the corrected strain value.

[0025] In this way, the system can automatically correct the strain signal by using a microprocessor to calculate the resistance change caused by temperature in real time, without the need to deploy an additional temperature sensor. This significantly improves the measurement accuracy and reliability of the system under different temperature environments, eliminates the interference of temperature drift on the measurement results, and enables the measurement device to work stably under complex and extreme temperature conditions, thereby improving the overall performance and application range of the system.

[0026] In an optional implementation, the microprocessor is further used to substitute the corrected strain value into the flow rate measurement formula to calculate the water flow rate data.

[0027] In this method, the strain value is used to substitute into the velocity measurement process, breaking through the limitation of traditional open channel flow measurement relying on propeller flowmeter, ultrasonic flowmeter and radar flowmeter, and establishing a direct relationship between water velocity and measuring plate strain. By capturing the tiny strain caused by water flow on the measuring plate, high-precision measurement of open channel water flow is achieved, providing a new method for the field of water conservancy measurement.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the portable integrated storage and measurement and control box includes: a power supply and a touch display screen, wherein the power supply is used to provide power to the self-regulating module; and the touch display screen is used to display the real-time operation information and water flow velocity data of the system in real time.

[0029] In this mode, the portable storage and measurement and control integrated box provides an independent power supply to ensure that the equipment can continue to work stably without an external power supply and ensure stable transmission of power and data; the display screen is used to display the real-time operation information and measurement data of the system, making it convenient for on-site operators to monitor the operating status of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an open channel flow measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 1 is an overall layout diagram of a flow measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of various components of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Among them, channel 1; I-shaped splicing track 2; movable slider 3; slider adjustment screw 4; single-chip microcomputer 5; slider fixing screw 6; rheological feedback measurement plate 7: strain rosette base 7-1, strain gauge 7-2, strain gauge data line 7-3, measurement plate 7-4, positioning line 7-5, positioning point 7-6, three-way strain rosette 7-7; angle scale 8; angle adjustment slider 9; liftable component 10: lifting component shell 10-1, (lifting component inside) lifting threaded rod 10-2, fixed thread groove 10-3; rheological feedback measurement plate fixing bolt 11; electric lift 12: lift shell (built-in electric motor) 12-1, internal shaft and gear 12-2; rheological feedback measurement plate data transmission line 13; single-chip microcomputer and electric lift power supply line 14; portable storage and measurement and control integrated box 15: display screen 15-1, solar panel 15-2, data transmission and power supply interface 15-3, storage box 15-4; wireless communication base station 16; remote database server 17.

[0034] Figure 4 The present invention is a diagram of the arrangement and wiring of strain gauges inside a rheological feedback measurement plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a strain gauge component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting device component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of PID control system responses before and after optimization using a Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 4 is a functional relationship diagram of strain (w) and flow velocity (V) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a portable integrated storage and control box according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the related art, the traditional flow measurement methods (such as propeller flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters, etc.) have large measurement errors due to the influence of flow velocity changes, equipment accuracy and external environmental interference, and cannot achieve high-precision flow measurement, especially in complex open channel flow environments, such as large water flow fluctuations and high sediment environments. There is a large uncertainty. In addition, the existing flow measurement technology usually requires manual regular data reading, lacks real-time monitoring capabilities, and traditional equipment cannot provide real-time data when hydrological conditions change rapidly. The lag in data update affects the response speed of the flow monitoring system and cannot respond to the rapidly changing hydrological environment in a timely manner. Existing flow measurement equipment is usually large in size (Parshall flume), complex in structure, and cumbersome in installation and maintenance. Especially in some harsh or remote natural environments, the maintenance and adjustment of the equipment is more difficult. The use cost of the equipment and the difficulty of operation and maintenance are increased. The existing technology is relatively poor in economic efficiency in practical applications due to its high equipment cost and high operation and maintenance costs. Traditional flow measurement equipment is relatively poor in economic efficiency in practical applications due to its high equipment procurement cost and long-term maintenance costs (Doppler flowmeter). Especially when equipment needs to be frequently deployed and replaced, equipment costs and maintenance costs will increase significantly. Existing technologies lack an efficient data transmission system and cannot achieve remote transmission and centralized processing of real-time data. Many flow measurement devices can only be limited to local display or storage, and cannot effectively share data and update in real time with monitoring centers or decision support systems. Existing flow measurement systems lack sufficient automation technical support, and equipment usually requires manual intervention for adjustment and maintenance. Since the equipment does not have intelligent adjustment functions, it is difficult for the system to achieve adaptive adjustment when water flow or hydrological conditions change, resulting in reduced measurement accuracy and stability.

[0042] In order to solve the above problems, an open channel flow measurement system is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The open channel flow measurement system in this embodiment is suitable for use scenarios of measuring water flow velocity and flow rate in an open channel. The open channel flow measurement system provided by the present invention adopts a new flow velocity measurement formula and a highly sensitive rheological feedback measurement plate, which can accurately capture the tiny strains caused by the water flow and achieve high-precision flow measurement. The self-adjusting module adopts optimized control to achieve adaptive and precise adjustment of the measuring device, reduce manual intervention, and improve measurement efficiency and stability. The integrated wireless communication module supports remote transmission and real-time monitoring of data, and is suitable for unattended measurement tasks. The modular design of the equipment is easy to disassemble and store, and is convenient for rapid deployment and use in different locations.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an open channel flow measurement system embodiment is provided. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open channel flow measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the system includes: a flow feedback measurement board 7, a self-adjusting module, a data processing module, a wireless communication module and a portable integrated measurement and control box 15: the flow feedback measurement board 7 is used to detect the stress change applied by the water flow to be measured, and convert the strain generated by the stress change to obtain an electrical signal corresponding to the stress change; the self-adjusting module is used to collect environmental data; based on the environmental data and the equipment status information of the open channel flow measurement system, the flow feedback measurement board is adjusted so that the flow feedback measurement board is located at the optimal measurement position of the liquid level of the water flow to be measured; the data processing module is used to process the electrical signal to obtain the water flow velocity data; the wireless communication module is embedded in the portable integrated measurement and control box, connected to the data processing module, and is used to transmit the water flow velocity data to the target server; the portable integrated measurement and control box 15 is used to provide a disassembly and storage space for the open channel flow measurement system.

[0044] In one example, Figure 2 is an overall layout diagram of a flow measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of various components of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the strain gauge open channel flow measurement device and its automatic control measurement system are an integrated flow measurement device, which is mainly used for open channel flow monitoring. The device consists of a rheological feedback measurement board 7, a self-adjusting module, a data processing module, a wireless communication module and a portable integrated measurement and control box 15, which can achieve high-precision flow measurement under different water level environments and transmit data to a remote monitoring system through a wireless communication module.

[0045] The rheological feedback measuring plate (7) is the core component of the flow measuring device, which is responsible for detecting the stress change imposed on the measuring plate by the water flow and converting the strain generated by the stress change into an electrical signal. The measuring plate (7-4) is made of a high elastic modulus material, and a plurality of high-precision three-dimensional strain rosettes (7-7) are mounted on the surface. The three-dimensional strain rosette (7-7) is composed of a strain rosette base (7-1), three groups of strain gauges (7-2), strain gauge data lines (7-3), positioning lines (7-5) and point sites (7-6), and is connected to a data processing module through the strain gauge data lines (7-3) to transmit electrical signals in real time. By specially designing the arrangement of the strain rosette, the stress changes in multiple directions caused by the water flow can be sensitively captured, ensuring that accurate strain data is obtained under complex water flow conditions. The thickness, length, width of the measuring plate, and the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material and other parameters are selected and calculated to meet the requirements of the new flow velocity measurement formula.

[0046] The self-adjusting module is composed of a single-chip microcomputer (5), a liftable component (10), an electric lifter (12), an angle adjustment slider (9) and a movable slider (3). The self-adjusting module automatically adjusts the position and angle of the rheological feedback measurement plate (7) according to the real-time water level and environmental conditions to ensure that the measurement plate is always in the best measurement state. The movable slider (3) is installed on the I-shaped splicing track (2) and can move freely on the track, so that the entire self-adjusting module can adjust its position according to actual needs. The position of the slider is achieved by a slider adjustment screw (4) and a slider fixing screw (6). The slider adjustment screw (4) is used to lock the slider to ensure that the slider can be firmly fixed after automatically adjusting to a suitable position. The single-chip microcomputer (5) that optimizes PID control through the embedded Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm controls the electric lifter (12), the movable slider (3) and the angle adjustment slider (9) in the self-adjusting module in real time.

[0047] The data processing module is the core control and signal processing unit of the system. The module integrates a microprocessor, a signal amplifier, a filter and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The main function is to receive the weak electrical signal of the strain gauge (7-7) on the rheological feedback measurement board transmitted through the data transmission line (13) of the rheological feedback measurement board, and amplify it to a processable level through the signal amplifier. After filtering, the filtered signal is converted into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the water flow speed is calculated using the built-in new flow measurement formula and temperature compensation technology. After the data processing is completed, the processed data is sent to the wireless communication module. The design of this module ensures that the measuring device can guarantee stable data processing even in a complex water flow environment.

[0048] The wireless communication module is responsible for transmitting the processed flow data to the remote monitoring system. The wireless communication module is embedded in the portable integrated storage and measurement and control box (15) and is connected to the data processing module through internal lines. Its main function is to transmit the processed flow data to the remote database server (17) through the wireless communication base station (16) to realize remote monitoring and data management, so that the monitoring personnel can remotely view the water flow status of the open channel in real time. The wireless communication module adopts a low power consumption design to ensure that it can still operate stably for a long time without an external power supply.

[0049] The portable integrated storage and measurement and control box (15) integrates multiple functions such as power management, data transmission and equipment storage. The box is equipped with a solar panel (15-2) and a backup battery, which can convert solar energy into electrical energy, provide an independent power supply, and ensure that the equipment can continue to work stably without an external power supply. The power supply line (14) connects the single-chip microcomputer (5) and the electric lift (12) to provide a stable power supply. The box is equipped with a touch screen (15-1), which is used to display the real-time operating information and measurement data of the system, making it convenient for on-site operators to monitor the operating status of the equipment. All components are connected through the rheological feedback measurement board data transmission line (13), the single-chip microcomputer and electric lift power supply line (14), the data and power supply interface (15-3) and the internal circuit to ensure the stable transmission of power and data. All components of the device, from the I-shaped splicing track (2) to the single-chip microcomputer and the electric lift power supply line (14), can be disassembled and stored in a storage box (15-4), which facilitates the transportation of the device and its rapid deployment in different measurement scenarios, greatly improving the portability of the device.

[0050] The whole measurement system ensures stable connection and data transmission between components through reasonable circuit design. The rheological feedback measurement board transmits the electrical signal to the single-chip microcomputer (5) through the strain gauge data line (7-3). The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the data processing module embedded in the portable storage and control integrated box (15) through the rheological feedback measurement board data transmission line (13). The data processing module amplifies, filters, performs analog-to-digital conversion and calculation processing on the signal to obtain accurate water flow velocity and flow rate data. The processed measurement data is transmitted to the wireless communication module through the internal line connecting the data processing module and the wireless communication module, and then sent to the remote database server (17) through the wireless communication base station (16) for real-time viewing and analysis by monitoring personnel. The single-chip microcomputer (5) optimizes PID control through the internally embedded Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm, and controls the actions of the electric lift (12), the movable slider (3) and the angle adjustment slider (9) in real time. According to the measurement data and the set target parameters, the position and angle of the measurement board are adaptively adjusted to ensure measurement accuracy. The power management system in the portable integrated storage, measurement and control box (15) supplies power to the entire system through the power supply line (14) and internal lines, ensuring the normal operation of the device in various environments.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the flow feedback measurement board 7 includes: a measurement board 7-4 and several groups of three-dimensional strain rosettes 7-7, the three-dimensional strain rosette 7-7 includes a strain rosette base 7-1, three groups of strain gauges 7-2, strain gauge data lines 7-3, positioning lines 7-5 and point locations 7-6, and the three-dimensional strain rosette 7-7 is connected to the data processing module through the strain gauge data line 7-3 to transmit the electrical signal to the data processing module.

[0052] In one example, Figure 4 This is a diagram of the arrangement and wiring of strain gauges inside a rheological feedback measurement plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a strain gauge component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the rheological feedback measuring plate (7) is the core component of the flow measuring device, which is responsible for detecting the stress change imposed on the measuring plate by the water flow and converting the strain generated by the stress change into an electrical signal. The measuring plate (7-4) is made of a high elastic modulus material, and a plurality of high-precision three-dimensional strain rosettes (7-7) are mounted on the surface. The three-dimensional strain rosette (7-7) is composed of a strain rosette base (7-1), three groups of strain gauges (7-2), strain gauge data lines (7-3), positioning lines (7-5) and point sites (7-6), and is connected to a data processing module through the strain gauge data lines (7-3) to transmit electrical signals in real time. By specially designing the arrangement of the strain rosette, it is possible to sensitively capture the stress changes in multiple directions caused by the water flow, ensuring accurate strain data under complex water flow conditions. The thickness, length, width of the measuring plate, as well as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material, are all selected and calculated to meet the requirements of the new flow velocity measurement formula.

[0053] In this method, the strain gauge arrangement is specially designed to sensitively capture stress changes in multiple directions caused by water flow, ensuring accurate strain data under complex water flow conditions. The thickness, length, width of the measuring plate, as well as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material are all selected and calculated to meet the requirements of the new flow velocity measurement formula.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module includes: a single-chip microcomputer, a liftable component, an electric lift, an angle adjustment slider and a movable slider. The single-chip microcomputer is used to construct an error function based on environmental data, combined with the vertical height of the flow feedback measurement plate, the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the angle between the flow feedback measurement plate and the water surface through a Newton-Raphson optimized PID control algorithm; a control signal is calculated based on the error function; and based on the control signal, the liftable component, the electric lift, the angle adjustment slider and the movable slider are controlled to be positioned to the target position.

[0055] In this method, the single-chip microcomputer obtains water flow and equipment status information in real time, and uses the PID control optimized by the Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm to adaptively adjust the actions of each actuator according to the set target parameters. The Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm (NRBO) optimized PID control can automatically adjust the control parameters according to the changes in water flow conditions, ensuring that the measuring plate is always in the best position with the measuring liquid surface, so that the internal strain gauge is in the best working state, improving the intelligence level of the measuring device, reducing manual intervention, and improving the stability and accuracy of the measurement.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module also includes a position sensor, which is used to measure the vertical position of the flow feedback measurement plate, and the single-chip microcomputer is used to calculate a first deviation between the vertical position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the height of the target position; based on the first deviation, the error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a first gradient and a first Hessian matrix; using the first gradient and the first Hessian matrix, the height control signal parameters are updated to generate a height control signal; in response to the height control signal, the liftable component and the electric lift are controlled to adjust the height of the flow feedback measurement plate to the height of the target position.

[0057] In this method, the single chip microcomputer controls the lifting components to complete the lifting action, and adjusts the vertical height of the measuring plate in real time to adapt to different water level conditions, ensuring that the measuring plate is always at the optimal height.

[0058] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module also includes a displacement sensor, which is used to measure the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate. The single-chip microcomputer is also used to calculate a second deviation between the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the target position; based on the second deviation, the error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a second gradient and a second Hessian matrix; using the second gradient and the second Hessian matrix, the horizontal position control signal parameters are updated to generate a horizontal position control signal; in response to the horizontal position control signal, the movable slider is controlled to adjust the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate to the target position.

[0059] In this mode, the single chip microcomputer automatically adjusts the position of the rheological feedback measurement plate according to the real-time water level and environmental conditions to ensure that the measurement plate is always in the best measurement state.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the self-adjusting module also includes an angle sensor, which is used to measure the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate, and the single-chip microcomputer is also used to calculate a third deviation between the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate and the target angle; based on the third deviation, the error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a third gradient and a third Hessian matrix; using the third gradient and the third Hessian matrix, the angle control signal parameters are updated to generate an angle control signal; in response to the angle control signal, the angle adjustment slider is controlled to adjust the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate to the target angle.

[0061] In this method, according to the real-time water level and environmental conditions, the single-chip microcomputer controls the angle adjustment slider to automatically adjust the and angle of the rheological feedback measurement plate, and adjust the inclination angle of the measurement plate to ensure that the measurement plate always remains flush with the water surface, which is crucial to ensuring the stability and measurement accuracy of the rheological feedback measurement plate.

[0062] In one example, the self-adjusting module is composed of a single chip microcomputer (5), a liftable component (10), an electric lifter (12), an angle adjustment slider (9) and a movable slider (3).

[0063] 1. The overall control process of the self-regulating module includes: the self-regulating module collects environmental data in real time and automatically inputs it into the single-chip microcomputer (5). The single-chip microcomputer combines the preset target parameters (the angle between the measuring plate and the water surface, the vertical height and horizontal position of the measuring plate) and calculates the corresponding control signal through the Newton-Raphson optimized PID control algorithm.

[0064] The control signal acts on the following three actuators in sequence: Electric lift (12): adjusts the vertical height of the measuring plate. Movable slider (3): adjusts the horizontal position of the measuring plate. Angle adjustment slider (9): adjusts the tilt angle of the measuring plate.

[0065] 2. The control method and specific implementation include: 2.1 Height adjustment of the electric lift (12): adjust the vertical height of the measuring plate (7) to ensure that it is always in the best measuring position under different water level conditions. The control method includes: the single chip microcomputer (5) collects real-time data of the water level and calculates the required height adjustment amount of the measuring plate. The single chip microcomputer calculates the control signal (driving torque) of the electric lift through the PID control algorithm optimized by Newton-Raphson. The signal controls the electric motor (12-1) inside the electric lift to drive the lifting threaded rod (10-2) to rotate. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting device component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the lifting threaded rod pushes the liftable component (10) to move up and down through the fixed threaded groove (10-3), thereby adjusting the height of the measuring plate (7).

[0066] The feedback mechanism includes: the electric lift is equipped with a position sensor, which feeds back the current height to the microcontroller (5) in real time. The PID controller gradually corrects the control signal by comparing the actual height with the target height until the measuring plate reaches the target position.

[0067] 2.2 Horizontal position adjustment of the movable slider (3): The horizontal position of the measuring device is adjusted to flexibly cover different measuring points. The control method includes: the single chip microcomputer (5) calculates the target position of the slider according to the preset measurement point distribution. The Newton-Raphson optimized PID controller generates a control signal to drive the slider adjustment screw (4) and the slider fixing screw (6) to release the locking state of the slider. The signal acts on the slider drive mechanism to move the movable slider (3) on the I-shaped joint track (2). After the slider reaches the target position, the slider adjustment screw (4) re-locks the slider to ensure that it remains stable during the measurement process.

[0068] The feedback mechanism includes: a displacement sensor is installed on the track to monitor the current position of the slider in real time. The microcontroller dynamically adjusts the control signal according to the difference between the current position of the slider and the target position.

[0069] 2.3 Angle adjustment of the angle adjustment slider (9): adjust the inclination angle of the measuring plate to ensure that it remains flush with the water surface. The control method includes: the single chip microcomputer (5) calculates the rotation amount of the slider according to the water flow fluctuation and the target angle. The Newton-Raphson optimized PID controller generates a control signal to drive the angle adjustment slider (9) to rotate. The signal acts on the angle slider through the drive motor to adjust the inclination angle of the measuring plate.

[0070] The feedback mechanism includes: the angle adjustment slider is equipped with an angle sensor, which feeds back the current tilt angle of the measuring board to the single chip microcomputer (5) in real time. The PID controller gradually corrects the control signal by comparing the angle of the angle sensor with the target angle of the actual water surface until the measuring board reaches the target angle.

[0071] 3. System control diagram

[0072] For example, a specific operation scenario is taken as an example: Initial condition: The water level is low and the measuring plate has not reached the measuring position. The operation steps include: Height adjustment: The single-chip microcomputer receives the feedback data from the water level sensor and recognizes that the current descent height is insufficient. The PID controller calculates the control signal and drives the electric lift (12) to adjust the height, and the measuring plate descends to the target position. Position adjustment: According to the distribution of the target measurement points, the single-chip microcomputer controls the movable slider (3) to move to the right. After the slider reaches the target position, the slider position is automatically locked. Angle adjustment: The single-chip microcomputer recognizes that the current angle deviates from the target angle and controls the angle adjustment slider (9) to rotate. After the adjustment is completed, the measuring plate is parallel to the water surface to ensure the measurement accuracy.

[0073] Figure 7 : is a comparison diagram of PID control system responses before and after optimization by a Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the module automatically adjusts the position and angle of the rheological feedback measuring plate (7) according to the real-time water level and environmental conditions, ensuring that the measuring plate is always in the best measuring state. The movable slider (3) is installed on the I-shaped splicing track (2) and can move freely on the track, so that the entire self-adjusting module can adjust its position according to actual needs. The position of the slider is achieved by the slider adjustment screw (4) and the slider fixing screw (6). The slider adjustment screw (4) is used to lock the slider to ensure that the slider can be firmly fixed after automatically adjusting to the appropriate position. The PID control microcontroller (5) is optimized by the embedded Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm, and the electric lift (12), movable slider (3) and angle adjustment slider (9) in the self-adjusting module are controlled in real time.

[0074] In one implementation scenario, specific steps for implementing PID control may include:

[0075] 1. System initialization

[0076] Hardware initialization: Start the microcontroller (5), initialize various sensors (height, displacement, angle) and actuators (electric lift, slider drive, etc.). Load the initial PID parameters (K p init , K i init , K d init ). Set the target state (such as target height, position and angle). K p Is the proportional coefficient, representing the proportional control effect, which is proportional to the size of the error. The larger the error, the stronger the control effect, which determines the response strength of the controller to the current error. i It is the integral coefficient, representing the integral control effect, which is related to the length of time the error accumulates and is used to eliminate steady-state errors (deviations in the system over a long period of time). K d is the differential coefficient, representing the differential control effect, which is related to the speed of error change and is used to suppress the error change rate and reduce the overshoot and oscillation of the system. p , K i , K d The "init" superscript in the string simply indicates initial input.

[0077] The initialization of the Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm includes: setting the initial optimization conditions, including the error function, gradient calculation method, and Hessian matrix. Initializing the convergence conditions of the optimization (such as gradient threshold or parameter update amplitude).

[0078] 2. Data collection and error calculation

[0079] Real-time data collection:

[0080] The height sensor provides the current vertical position of the measuring plate; the displacement sensor provides the current horizontal position of the slider; the angle sensor provides the tilt angle of the measuring plate. The actual state collected is recorded as z actual (height), x actual (horizontal position), θ actual (angle).

[0081] Error calculation: Calculate the deviation between the target state and the actual state:

[0082] e z =z target -z actual

[0083] e x =x target -xactual

[0084] e θ =θ target -θ actual

[0085] 3. Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm updates PID parameters

[0086] The error function definition includes: for each control variable (height, horizontal position, angle), define the error function:

[0087] Among them, e(t) is the current error; λ is the overshoot penalty coefficient to avoid system oscillation; OvershootPenalty is the penalty term for overshoot.

[0088] Gradient and Hessian calculations include: calculating the gradient and Hessian matrix of the error function with respect to the PID parameters by numerical differentiation:

[0089] The calculation of the gradient and Hessian matrix is ​​used to update the PID parameters in the Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm. Specifically, the gradient is used to represent the first-order derivative of the error function with respect to the PID parameters, pointing to the direction in which the error function decreases fastest. The Hessian matrix is ​​used to represent the second-order derivative of the error function with respect to the PID parameters, providing information about the curvature of the error function, which is used to guide the step size and direction of the parameter update. The calculation of these two items is used in the Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm to guide how to adjust the PID parameters to minimize the error function, thereby optimizing the performance of the control system.

[0090] Parameter update includes: Updating PID parameters using the Newton-Raphson method:

[0091] Where K = [K p ,K i ,K d ].

[0092] Regularization processing includes: H regularized =H+λ reg I, used to prevent the Hessian matrix from being irreversible or the optimization from diverging, and to add a regularization term.

[0093] Convergence judgment includes: if the norm of the gradient is less than the threshold or the parameter update amplitude ||ΔK|| is less than the set value, the optimization is considered to have converged.

[0094] 4.PID controller generates control signal

[0095] Calculating the control signal includes updating the integral and differential terms according to the real-time error:

[0096]

[0097] Where, e(t) is the real-time error; ∫e(t)dt is the error integral term; is the error differential term.

[0098] Sending a control signal includes: sending a control signal u(t) to a corresponding execution component, wherein u z , used to control the electric lift (12) to adjust the vertical height; u x , used to control the movable slider (3) to adjust the horizontal position; u θ , used to control the angle adjustment slider (9) to adjust the tilt angle.

[0099] 5. Adjustment of the actuator

[0100] Height adjustment: The electric lift (12) adjusts the vertical height according to the control signal.

[0101] Horizontal position adjustment: The movable slider (3) moves on the track (2) and is positioned to the target position.

[0102] Angle adjustment: The angle adjustment slider (9) is rotated to adjust the angle between the measuring plate and the water surface.

[0103] 6. System feedback and adaptive adjustment

[0104] Feedback mechanism: The sensor monitors the current state in real time and feeds the measured data back to the microcontroller. The microcontroller re-optimizes the PID parameters according to the new error to form a closed-loop control.

[0105] Adaptive adjustment: If the measurement environment or target parameters change, the system automatically recalculates and updates the control strategy.

[0106] In one implementation scenario, taking lifting control as an example, the control process includes:

[0107] 1. System initialization

[0108] Hardware initialization: Initialize the electric lift, electric slider, sensor and other hardware devices of the flow measuring device. Set the initial state of the flow measuring device, including the initial height and reference position of the measuring plate.

[0109] PID control parameter initialization: Set the initial PID parameters, including the proportional coefficient (K p )、Integral coefficient (K i ) and differential coefficient (K d ). Set the target position (zref), which is the vertical height that the measuring plate needs to reach.

[0110] Initialization of optimization algorithm: Define the error function, including the deviation between the target position and the actual position, and possible overshoot penalties. Set the initial conditions of the Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm, the gradient calculation method, the regularization of the Hessian matrix, and the convergence conditions.

[0111] 2. Data collection and error calculation

[0112] Real-time collection of actual position data: Use the height sensor to obtain the current height (zactual) of the measuring board.

[0113] Calculate the error: Calculate the deviation between the target position and the current height e(t) = zref-zactual.

[0114] The cumulative error integral term is used to compensate for long-term deviations: Integral = ∫e(t)dt.

[0115] Calculate the differential term of the error to predict the position change trend:

[0116] 3. Newton-Raphson optimization of PID parameters

[0117] Define the error function: Define the error function, taking into account the following two parts:

[0118] Sum of squared position errors:

[0119] Overshoot penalty:

[0120] The total error is the weighted sum of the two: J(K p ,K i ,K d )=Error+Penalty

[0121] Compute gradient and Hessian matrix: Use numerical methods to calculate the error function versus PID parameters (K p ,K i ,K d ) is the first-order gradient and second-order derivative (Hessian matrix). The gradient represents the descent direction of the error function, and the Hessian represents the curvature information of the descent.

[0122] Update PID parameters: Use the Newton-Raphson formula to update the PID parameters:

[0123] Ensure that the parameter update amplitude is within a reasonable range. Repeat the iteration until the optimization converges (the parameter change amplitude is less than the set threshold).

[0124] 4.PID control signal calculation

[0125] Calculate the control signal: Use the optimized PID parameters to calculate the real-time control signal: Among them, K p To amplify the proportional error, adjust the real-time position; K i To compensate for the accumulated error and correct the long-term deviation; K d To predict the error change trend and suppress overshoot.

[0126] Send control signal: Send control signal to the drive module of the electric lift to adjust the rotation speed and direction of the lifting screw.

[0127] 5. Dynamic adjustment and feedback

[0128] Real-time height adjustment: The electric lift adjusts the height of the measuring plate according to the control signal. The sensor monitors the height change in real time and feeds the actual height back to the microcontroller.

[0129] Closed-loop control: The microcontroller dynamically adjusts the control signal based on feedback data to form a closed-loop control system.

[0130] Correction of oscillation and overshoot: The Newton-Raphson optimized PID controller can dynamically adjust the control signal according to the error, reduce overshoot and oscillation, and ensure that the system reaches the target height quickly and stably.

[0131] 6. Output and monitoring (non-control function)

[0132] Record system response: record the changes in the system's height, position, and angle parameters in real time and generate corresponding curves. Monitor the actual response of the flow measuring device to verify the optimization effect.

[0133] Generate optimization results: Output optimized PID parameters for further optimization of the horizontal displacement and angle adjustment modules.

[0134] In an optional embodiment, the data processing module includes: a microprocessor, a signal amplifier, a filter and an analog-to-digital converter: the signal amplifier is used to amplify the electrical signal to obtain an amplified electrical signal; the filter is used to filter the amplified electrical signal to obtain a filtered signal; the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the filtered signal into a digital signal; the microprocessor is used to use the flow velocity measurement formula and temperature compensation technology to calculate the water flow velocity data, and send the water flow velocity data to the wireless communication module.

[0135] In this method, the weak electrical signal of the rheological feedback measurement board transmitted through the data transmission line of the rheological feedback measurement board is received, amplified to a processable level by a signal amplifier, filtered and then converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter, and the water flow speed is calculated using the built-in new flow measurement formula and temperature compensation technology. After the data processing is completed, the processed flow data is sent to the wireless communication module to ensure that the measurement device can ensure stable data processing and transmission even in complex water flow environments.

[0136] In an optional embodiment, the microprocessor is used to collect the ambient temperature and calculate the temperature change caused by the flow feedback measurement board; the temperature change is corrected according to the temperature compensation formula to calculate the strain value; the digital signal is corrected using the strain value to obtain the corrected strain value.

[0137] In this way, the system can automatically correct the strain signal by using a microprocessor to calculate the resistance change caused by temperature in real time, without the need to deploy an additional temperature sensor. This significantly improves the measurement accuracy and reliability of the system under different temperature environments, eliminates the interference of temperature drift on the measurement results, and enables the measurement device to work stably under complex and extreme temperature conditions, thereby improving the overall performance and application range of the system.

[0138] In one example, a temperature compensation technology that does not rely on a temperature sensor is used to improve measurement accuracy and system reliability. The measurement accuracy and system stability are effectively improved. In a traditional strain measurement system, temperature changes can cause the resistance of the strain gauge to drift, thereby affecting the measurement results. The present invention introduces a temperature compensation resistor into the Wheatstone bridge circuit inside the system, making full use of the thermal sensitivity of the strain gauge material to achieve automatic correction of resistance changes caused by temperature. The temperature compensation formula is: ΔRT = α × R0 × ΔT.

[0139] Among them, ΔRT is the resistance change caused by temperature, α is the resistance temperature coefficient, R0 is the reference resistance, and ΔT is the temperature change. By calculating the resistance change caused by temperature in real time, the system can automatically correct the strain signal without the need to deploy additional temperature sensors. The system significantly improves the measurement accuracy and reliability of the system in different temperature environments, eliminates the interference of temperature drift on the measurement results, and enables the measurement device to work stably under complex and extreme temperature conditions, thereby improving the overall performance and application range of the system.

[0140] The combined calculation process of flow rate measurement and temperature compensation includes:

[0141] Signal acquisition: The strain rosette (7-7) of the rheological feedback measurement plate converts the physical strain under the action of water flow into an electrical signal, and the signal is transmitted to the data processing module through the rheological feedback measurement plate data transmission line (13).

[0142] Signal amplification and filtering: The signal amplifier in the data processing module amplifies the weak electrical signal to a processable level. The filter removes noise interference in the signal and extracts a pure measurement signal.

[0143] Analog-to-digital conversion and digitization: The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) converts analog signals into digital signals for subsequent digital processing.

[0144] Temperature compensation: Collect the ambient temperature T and calculate the temperature change ΔT. Correct the resistance deviation caused by temperature change according to the temperature compensation formula to obtain the compensated strain value w.

[0145] Flow rate calculation: Substitute the corrected strain value w into the flow rate measurement formula: V = Aw B +C calculates the water flow velocity. Figure 8 is a functional relationship diagram of strain (w) and flow velocity (V) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The functional relationship between strain (w) and flow velocity (V) is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0146] Output after data processing: The data processing module transmits the calculated water flow velocity V to the wireless communication module, which transmits the calculated water flow velocity V to the remote monitoring system through data. The calculated result can also be displayed on the touch screen (15-1) in the portable storage and measurement and control integrated box (15) for real-time viewing by on-site operators.

[0147] Taking into account the elastic modulus of the device material, the thickness of the measuring plate, the length of the plate, the width of the plate, the strain value, the liquid density, the Poisson's ratio and other parameters, a water flow velocity calculation formula is proposed:

[0148]

[0149] Among them, V is the flow rate of the channel, E is the elastic modulus of the material (when the material is in the elastic deformation stage, its stress and strain are in direct proportion, and its proportional coefficient is called the elastic modulus), h is the thickness of the plate, w is the strain measured by the strain gauge, ρ is the density of the liquid (water), L is the length of the plate, D is the width of the plate, ν is the Poisson's ratio (refers to the ratio of the lateral normal strain to the axial normal strain when the material is subjected to unidirectional tension or compression, also called the lateral deformation coefficient, which is an elastic constant reflecting the lateral deformation of the material), k is the correction coefficient, and C is a constant.

[0150] When the liquid type (density), plate material (elastic modulus) and dimensions (length, width, thickness) are determined, the flow rate measurement formula can be simplified to: V = Aw B +C.

[0151] Among them, A, B, and C are simplified unknown coefficients, which depend on the size and material properties of the measuring plate. When factors such as structural size and material properties change, the sizes of A, B, and C also change accordingly.

[0152] Exemplary, the determining factors of parameter A and its influence: The determining factors of A include: 1. Material properties of the measuring plate, the elastic modulus E and Poisson's ratio ν of the plate are the core material parameters affecting A. Elastic modulus E: reflects the stiffness of the material and plays a decisive role in the relationship between strain and stress. Poisson's ratio ν: describes the coupling relationship between the lateral and longitudinal deformation of the material, affecting the deformation distribution of the measuring plate. 2. Geometric parameters of the measuring plate: Thickness h of the plate: when the thickness increases, the rigidity of the plate increases, the strain decreases, resulting in a decrease in A. Width D of the plate: The width determines the force distribution of the water flow on the unit area of ​​the measuring plate, affecting the relationship between the strain value and the flow rate. Among them, the size of A is mainly determined by the elastic modulus E, Poisson's ratio ν, thickness h and width D of the measuring plate (7-4). Among them, when the generated processing materials are consistent, the elastic modulus E and Poisson's ratio ν of the measuring plate are fixed values. When the thickness h or width D of the measuring plate (7-4) is changed, A needs to be corrected through experimental calibration or simulation analysis. By adjusting the material and thickness of the measuring plate, accurate measurement under different water flow conditions can be adapted. The increase of thickness h will reduce the strain value w, thereby reducing A, which is suitable for high flow rate measurement.

[0153] 2. The determining factors of parameter B include: 1. Liquid density ρ: Fluid density affects the force exerted by the water flow on the measuring plate. The higher the density, the more significant the strain of the measuring plate, resulting in an increase in the value of B. 2. The length L of the measuring plate: The length L of the measuring plate determines the torque and degree of deformation (reflected by the strain value) of the water flow. A longer plate will increase the overall deformation, enhance the strain value w, and thus increase B. The size of B is mainly determined by the length L of the measuring plate (7-4) and the liquid density ρ. When the length of the measuring plate (7-4) changes, B needs to be determined by updating the calibration curve. For higher density (such as water flow with a large sediment content), increasing L increases sensitivity. Increasing the length L will also reduce the frequency response speed of the system, so the adjustment of B needs to match the measurement scenario.

[0154] 3. The determining factors of parameter C include: 1. The initial geometric state of the measuring plate: The initial installation angle and the reference deformation of the plate play a decisive role in the size of the constant C. C reflects the reference strain value of the measuring device when there is no flow rate and is related to the mechanical calibration of the device. 2. Installation fixed position: The installation position of the rheological feedback measuring plate (7) (the position of the lifting component (10), the setting of the angle adjustment slider (9)) has a great influence on the calibration of the initial state C. The size of C is mainly determined by the installation method and initial state of the rheological feedback measuring plate (7). During the installation process, adjust the angle slider (9) so that the measuring plate (7-4) is parallel to the water surface, and calibrate C through experiments. The calibration of C ensures that the measuring device has a stable reference value in a static state. In practical applications, the change of C can be adjusted through a real-time calibration algorithm.

[0155] When the geometric parameters (L, D, h) or material properties (E, ν) of the measuring plate change, A, B, and C will change. Re-determine A, B, and C in the simplified formula through calibration experiments or numerical simulations. During the installation and actual use of the device, select a measuring plate with appropriate thickness h, width D, and length L, adjust the initial installation angle position, etc., to determine A, B, and C.

[0156] In an optional embodiment, the portable integrated storage and measurement and control box 15 includes: a power supply 15-2 and a touch screen 15-1, the power supply 15-2 is used to provide power for the self-adjusting module; the touch screen 15-1 is used to display the real-time operation information and water flow velocity data of the system in real time.

[0157] In one example, Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a portable integrated storage and control box according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 As shown, the portable integrated storage and measurement and control box (15) integrates multiple functions such as power management, data transmission and equipment storage. The box is equipped with a solar panel (15-2) and a backup battery, which can convert solar energy into electrical energy, provide an independent power supply, and ensure that the equipment can continue to work stably without an external power supply. The power supply line (14) connects the single-chip microcomputer (5) and the electric lift (12) to provide a stable power supply. The box is equipped with a touch screen (15-1), which is used to display the real-time operating information and measurement data of the system, making it convenient for on-site operators to monitor the operating status of the equipment. All components are connected through the rheological feedback measurement board data transmission line (13), the single-chip microcomputer and electric lift power supply line (14), the data and power supply interface (15-3) and the internal circuit to ensure the stable transmission of power and data. All components of the device, from the I-shaped splicing track (2) to the single-chip microcomputer and the electric lift power supply line (14), can be disassembled and stored in a storage box (15-4), which facilitates the transportation of the device and its rapid deployment in different measurement scenarios, greatly improving the portability of the device.

[0158] In this mode, the portable storage and measurement and control integrated box provides an independent power supply to ensure that the equipment can continue to work stably without an external power supply and ensure stable transmission of power and data; the display screen is used to display the real-time operation information and measurement data of the system, making it convenient for on-site operators to monitor the operating status of the equipment.

[0159] The open channel flow measurement system provided in this embodiment (adopting a new flow velocity measurement formula and a highly sensitive rheological feedback measurement plate, it can accurately capture the tiny strain caused by the water flow and achieve high-precision flow measurement. The self-adjusting module adopts optimized control to achieve adaptive and precise adjustment of the measuring device, reduce manual intervention, and improve measurement efficiency and stability. The integrated wireless communication module supports remote transmission and real-time monitoring of data, and is suitable for unattended measurement tasks. The equipment is modularly designed, easy to disassemble and store, and convenient for rapid deployment and use in different locations. Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. An open channel flow measurement system, characterized in that: The system includes: a flow feedback measurement board, a self-adjusting module, a data processing module, a wireless communication module and a portable integrated measurement and control box: The flow feedback measurement board is used to detect the stress change applied by the water flow to be measured, and convert the strain generated by the stress change to obtain an electrical signal corresponding to the stress change; The self-adjusting module is used to collect environmental data; based on the environmental data and the equipment status information of the open channel flow measurement system, the flow feedback measurement board is adjusted so that the flow feedback measurement board is located at the optimal measurement position of the water flow level to be measured; The data processing module is used to process the electrical signal to obtain water flow velocity data; The wireless communication module is embedded in the portable integrated storage and control box, connected to the data processing module, and is used to transmit the water flow speed data to the target server; The portable integrated storage and measurement and control box is used to provide a disassembly and storage space for the open channel flow measurement system.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The flow feedback measurement board includes: a measurement board and several groups of three-dimensional strain rosettes, the three-dimensional strain rosette includes a strain rosette base, three groups of strain gauges, strain gauge data lines, positioning lines and point locations, and the three-dimensional strain rosette is connected to the data processing module through the strain gauge data lines to transmit the electrical signal to the data processing module.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The self-adjusting module includes: a single-chip microcomputer, a liftable component, an electric lift, an angle adjustment slider and a movable slider. The single-chip microcomputer is used to construct an error function based on the environmental data, combined with the vertical height of the flow feedback measurement plate, the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the angle between the flow feedback measurement plate and the water surface through a Newton-Raphson optimized PID control algorithm; a control signal is calculated based on the error function; and based on the control signal, the liftable component, the electric lift, the angle adjustment slider and the movable slider are controlled to be positioned to the target position.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The self-adjusting module also includes a position sensor, which is used to measure the vertical position of the flow feedback measurement plate. The single-chip microcomputer is used to calculate a first deviation between the vertical position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the height of the target position; based on the first deviation, an error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a first gradient and a first Hessian matrix; using the first gradient and the first Hessian matrix, the height control signal parameters are updated to generate a height control signal; in response to the height control signal, the liftable component and the electric lift are controlled to adjust the height of the flow feedback measurement plate to the height of the target position.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The self-adjusting module further includes a displacement sensor, which is used to measure the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate, and the single chip microcomputer is also used to calculate a second deviation between the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate and the target position; According to the second deviation, the error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a second gradient and a second Hessian matrix; the horizontal position control signal parameters are updated using the second gradient and the second Hessian matrix to generate a horizontal position control signal; in response to the horizontal position control signal, the movable slider is controlled to adjust the horizontal position of the flow feedback measurement plate to the target position.

6. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The self-adjusting module also includes an angle sensor, which is used to measure the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate. The single-chip microcomputer is also used to calculate a third deviation between the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate and the target angle; according to the third deviation, an error function is calculated by numerical differentiation to obtain a third gradient and a third Hessian matrix; using the third gradient and the third Hessian matrix, the angle control signal parameters are updated to generate an angle control signal; in response to the angle control signal, the angle adjustment slider is controlled to adjust the inclination angle of the flow feedback measurement plate to the target angle.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The data processing module includes: a microprocessor, a signal amplifier, a filter and an analog-to-digital converter: the signal amplifier is used to amplify the electrical signal to obtain an amplified electrical signal; the filter is used to filter the amplified electrical signal to obtain a filtered signal; the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the filtered signal into a digital signal; the microprocessor is used to calculate the water flow velocity data using a flow velocity measurement formula and temperature compensation technology, and send the water flow velocity data to the wireless communication module.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The microprocessor is used to collect the ambient temperature and calculate the temperature change generated by the flow feedback measurement board; correct the temperature change according to the temperature compensation formula and calculate the strain value; and correct the digital signal using the strain value to obtain the corrected strain value.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The microprocessor is also used to substitute the corrected strain value into a flow rate measurement formula to calculate and obtain the water flow rate data.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The portable integrated storage and measurement and control box comprises: a power supply and a touch display screen, wherein the power supply is used to provide power to the self-regulating module; and the touch display screen is used to display the real-time operation information of the system and the water flow velocity data in real time.

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