Seismic source positioning method and system based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic source positioning method and system based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the initial positioning of a seismic source according to the three-dimensional geological reflection data of a target research region, and obtaining a first seismic source position; extracting a reflected wave time sequence array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data; taking the first seismic source position as an optimization starting point, and performing correlation analysis on the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflected wave time sequence array to obtain seismic source space-time parameters; pre-constructing a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model; and carrying out inversion iteration by taking the seismic source space-time parameters as initial conditions and taking the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model as iteration constraints, and determining the position of a target seismic source. The technical problem of low positioning precision under a complex geological structure due to insufficient consideration of seismic wave propagation characteristics and reflection characteristics in the prior art is solved, and the technical effect of improving the seismic source positioning precision is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of earthquake detection technology, and in particular to a method, system and electronic equipment for locating an earthquake source based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data. Background Art

[0002] Earthquake source location is one of the key technologies in earthquake monitoring, geological exploration and coal resource detection. It can be used to analyze underground structural characteristics and guide resource exploitation.

[0003] At present, the source location method mainly relies on seismic arrays or distributed sensors to collect seismic wave data, and uses waveform characteristics and propagation time for inversion calculations, such as the travel time inversion method based on direct waves, the double difference positioning method, and the full waveform inversion method. These methods usually focus on the propagation time of P waves and S waves, and combine existing velocity models for source inversion. However, in complex geological environments, such as coal mining areas, fault zones, or inhomogeneous media, the propagation path of seismic waves is complex. On the one hand, existing methods rely on direct waves for source location, and do not adequately consider the reflection characteristics of seismic waves, resulting in uneven wave velocity and decreased positioning accuracy when the medium changes; on the other hand, the existing wave velocity model is relatively simplified, and it is difficult to accurately reflect the changes in underground structures, which affects the accuracy of source location. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a method, system and electronic equipment for earthquake source positioning based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, which solves the technical problem that the prior art relies only on direct waves for earthquake source positioning and does not give sufficient consideration to the propagation characteristics and reflection characteristics of seismic waves, resulting in low positioning accuracy under complex geological structures. The application achieves the technical effect of improving the earthquake source positioning accuracy and enhancing the adaptability to complex geological conditions.

[0005] In view of the above problems, on the one hand, the present application provides a source positioning method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, the method comprising: acquiring three-dimensional geological reflection data by arranging a detection point array in a target study area, wherein the three-dimensional geological reflection data includes multiple seismic trace data of multiple detection points in the detection point array; performing initial source positioning based on the three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain a first source position; extracting a reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data; taking the first source position as an optimization starting point, correlating and analyzing the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array to obtain the source time and space parameters; pre-constructing a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model; using the source time and space parameters as initial conditions and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model as an iterative constraint to perform inversion iteration until a preset convergence condition is reached, and outputting the target source position.

[0006] On the other hand, the present application also provides a source positioning system based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, the system comprising: a geological reflection data acquisition module, used to acquire three-dimensional geological reflection data by arranging a detection point array in a target research area, wherein the three-dimensional geological reflection data includes multiple seismic trace data of multiple detection points in the detection point array; a source initial positioning module, used to perform initial source positioning based on the three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain a first source position; a time series array extraction module, used to extract a reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data; a source spatiotemporal parameter acquisition module, used to use the first source position as an optimization starting point, correlate and analyze the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array, and obtain the source spatiotemporal parameters; a model construction module, used to pre-construct a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model; a target source position determination module, used to use the source spatiotemporal parameters as initial conditions, and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model as an iterative constraint to perform inversion iteration until a preset convergence condition is reached, and output the target source position.

[0007] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned source locating method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data when executing the computer program.

[0008] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0009] By arranging an array of detection points in the target study area to collect three-dimensional geological reflection data, the geological structure information of the study area is obtained, which provides a comprehensive and detailed data basis for the subsequent earthquake source location. The initial earthquake source location is carried out based on the collected three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain the first earthquake source position, which provides a preliminary reference position for the subsequent optimization steps, helps to narrow the search range and improve efficiency. The reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array is extracted from the three-dimensional geological reflection data, and the data is further refined, focusing on the time information related to the reflection wave, providing more accurate data support for subsequent correlation analysis. Taking the first earthquake source position as the optimization starting point, the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array are correlated and analyzed to obtain the earthquake source time and space parameters. By comprehensively considering multi-dimensional data, the location and time parameters of the earthquake source are determined more accurately, the errors caused by the complexity of the geological structure are reduced, and the positioning accuracy is improved. The pre-constructed three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model provides the necessary geological medium parameters for the inversion iteration, ensuring that the propagation characteristics of seismic waves in different geological structures can be considered during the iteration process. The spatial and temporal parameters of the earthquake source are taken as initial conditions, and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model is taken as iterative constraint for inversion iteration. The accuracy and stability of earthquake source positioning are improved by continuously correcting the wave velocity model and the earthquake source position.

[0010] In summary, this application makes full use of three-dimensional geological reflection data and reflection wave time series arrays, combined with a pre-constructed three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model, to achieve high-precision positioning of the earthquake source, which can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of earthquake source positioning, while enhancing the adaptability to complex geological structures, and providing more advanced and effective technical means for earthquake source positioning in the fields of geological exploration and coal resource detection.

[0011] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for earthquake source location based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a source locating system based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: geological reflection data acquisition module 10, earthquake source initial positioning module 20, time series array extraction module 30, earthquake source spatiotemporal parameter acquisition module 40, model building module 50, target earthquake source position determination module 60, bus 300, receiver 301, processor 302, transmitter 303, memory 304, bus interface 305. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The embodiments of the present application provide a source positioning method, system and electronic equipment based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, thereby solving the technical problem that the prior art relies only on direct waves for source positioning and does not give sufficient consideration to the propagation characteristics and reflection characteristics of seismic waves, resulting in low positioning accuracy under complex geological structures. The technical effect of improving the source positioning accuracy and enhancing the adaptability to complex geological conditions is achieved.

[0017] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for locating a source based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, the method comprising:

[0018] Step S1: three-dimensional geological reflection data is collected by arranging a detection point array in a target research area, wherein the three-dimensional geological reflection data includes a plurality of seismic trace data of a plurality of detection points in the detection point array.

[0019] Specifically, the target study area refers to a specific area for geological exploration or seismic monitoring, such as a coal mining area, a geological fault zone, etc. In the target study area, multiple detection points are selected according to certain spacing and rules, and detection equipment such as seismic detectors are arranged to form a detection point array. The seismic detector at each detection point is responsible for collecting seismic wave signals, recording the time of arrival of the seismic wave, the azimuth or angle of the reflected wave, and the intensity of the reflected wave. This information is combined to form the seismic trace data of each detection point. The seismic trace data of all detection points constitute three-dimensional geological reflection data.

[0020] By collecting three-dimensional geological reflection data, the geological reflection conditions are reflected from a three-dimensional spatial perspective, providing the most basic data source for the entire earthquake source positioning.

[0021] Step S2: Initially locate the earthquake source based on the three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain the first earthquake source position.

[0022] Specifically, the three-dimensional geological reflection data collected in step S1 is processed using a positioning algorithm to preliminarily estimate the location of the earthquake source and obtain the first earthquake source location. For example, the travel time picking method is used to preliminarily calculate the location of the earthquake source based on the time difference of the seismic wave reaching each detection point in combination with a known wave velocity model.

[0023] Through the initial location of the earthquake source, a relatively rough estimate of the earthquake source position is obtained, which provides an initial search range for subsequent more accurate positioning and improves the efficiency of subsequent positioning.

[0024] Step S3: extracting a reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data.

[0025] Specifically, the reflection wave time series array is a data array of reflection wave time information corresponding to the detection point array extracted from the three-dimensional geological reflection data, which reflects the time sequence of reflection waves received by different detection points. Through the data extraction algorithm, the reflection wave time information corresponding to the detection point array is screened out from the three-dimensional geological reflection data collected in step S1, and this information is organized into a reflection wave time series array. These reflection wave time series arrays provide richer data types for subsequent correlation analysis, which helps to more comprehensively understand the relevant information of the earthquake source.

[0026] Step S4: Taking the first earthquake source position as the optimization starting point, the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array are correlated and analyzed to obtain the earthquake source time and space parameters.

[0027] Specifically, starting from the first earthquake source position obtained in step S2, a correlation analysis algorithm (e.g., a correlation analysis algorithm based on the least squares method) is used to comprehensively analyze the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array. By analyzing the reflection of seismic waves at different detection points and information such as time series, the position information of the earthquake source in space and related information on the time axis (such as the time range of earthquake source activity, etc.) are determined to obtain the earthquake source time and space parameters.

[0028] Through correlation analysis, the propagation and reflection characteristics of seismic waves in complex geological structures are comprehensively considered to obtain the temporal and spatial parameters of the earthquake source, further improving the accuracy of earthquake source positioning.

[0029] Step S5: pre-constructing a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model.

[0030] Specifically, different underground media (such as rock types, soil types, etc.) have different propagation velocities for seismic waves, and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model can describe in detail the distribution of seismic wave velocities in the underground medium. Using existing geological exploration data (such as the distribution of rock types in different strata, etc.) and theoretical knowledge of seismic wave propagation, a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model is constructed through modeling software (such as Matlab, etc.). This model describes in detail the velocity distribution of seismic waves in the underground medium, provides important constraints for the inversion iteration in step S6, can guide the calculation in a direction that conforms to the law of seismic wave propagation in the underground medium, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of the iteration.

[0031] Step S6: using the earthquake source space-time parameters as initial conditions and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model as iterative constraints to perform inversion iterations until a preset convergence condition is reached, and outputting the target earthquake source position.

[0032] Specifically, the spatiotemporal parameters of the earthquake source obtained in step S4 are used as initial conditions, and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model constructed in step S5 is used as an iterative constraint, and an inversion iterative algorithm (such as the Gauss-Newton method, etc.) is used for calculation. Each iteration adjusts the calculation of the earthquake source position according to the model constraint until the change in the calculation result is less than the preset convergence condition (such as the position change is less than a certain set value), and the target earthquake source position is output at this time. Through iterative calculation, under the constraint of the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model, the earthquake source position is gradually refined, and finally the target earthquake source position that meets the accuracy requirements is obtained, which not only ensures the accuracy of positioning but also ensures the calculation efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, step S2 of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0034] Step S21: Perform geological data coverage analysis on the target study area, and call data based on the analysis results to obtain geological prior information.

[0035] Step S22: constructing a seismic wave propagation model based on the geological prior information.

[0036] Step S23: loading the three-dimensional geological reflection data into the seismic wave propagation model, performing initial earthquake source positioning through simulation matching, and obtaining a first earthquake source position.

[0037] Specifically, geological prior information is the prior knowledge about the geological characteristics and parameters of the target study area based on the existing geological data and analysis results. Collect the existing geological data of the target study area, such as previous geological exploration reports, geological research papers, etc. Then, conduct a comprehensive and complete analysis of the existing geological related data (such as stratigraphic structure, rock type distribution, etc.) of the target study area, including the coverage of these data on the target study area, such as whether the entire area is covered, the data integrity of different strata, etc. According to the analysis results, call relevant data from the existing geological data, such as rock density data and stratigraphic thickness data of a certain stratum, integrate these called data to obtain geological prior information, provide basic data support for the subsequent construction of seismic wave propagation model, and help improve the accuracy and reliability of the model. In the specific implementation process, geological information system (GIS) software can be used to manage and analyze geological data, and database query tools can be used to call data. For example, in a coal mining area, the geological exploration report, stratigraphic distribution map and previous earthquake monitoring data of the area were collected. Through the coverage analysis of these data through GIS software, it was found that the data in some areas were relatively complete, while data in other areas were missing. Based on the analysis results, available geological data, such as the thickness, depth, lithology and other information of the coal seam, are called up to form geological prior information.

[0038] The seismic wave propagation model is a mathematical model used to describe the propagation characteristics of seismic waves in the target study area (including wave velocity, attenuation and other factors). The geological prior information obtained above is used to determine the characteristics of the underground medium (such as the medium type and density of different strata). Using the seismic wave propagation theory, such as the wave equation, combined with geological modeling software, a model that can reflect the propagation law of seismic waves in the medium is constructed, namely the seismic wave propagation model. Specifically, professional geological modeling software, such as Petrel, GOCAD, etc., can be used to define different medium layers in the model and their corresponding physical parameters such as wave velocity and density according to the distribution of strata and geological parameters. For example, in the coal mining area, according to the geological prior information, it is known that the area is mainly composed of different lithologies such as coal seams, sandstones, and mudstones. When constructing the seismic wave propagation model, these lithology layers are defined as different medium layers and assigned corresponding wave velocity and density values. For example, the wave velocity of the coal seam is set to 3000m / s, the wave velocity of the sandstone is set to 3500m / s, and the wave velocity of the mudstone is set to 2800m / s. By constructing a seismic wave propagation model based on geological prior information, the propagation characteristics of seismic waves in the target research area can be more accurately reflected, providing a theoretical framework for the subsequent initial location of the earthquake source.

[0039] The three-dimensional geological reflection data collected in step S1 is loaded into the constructed seismic wave propagation model. Then different focal positions are assumed in the model, and the situation (such as arrival time, intensity, etc.) of seismic wave propagation to each detection point under these assumed focal positions is calculated according to the model. The three-dimensional geological reflection data of actual observation is compared and analyzed with the theoretical data in the seismic wave propagation model, and the hypothetical focal position is constantly adjusted until the seismic wave propagation situation calculated by the model matches the actual three-dimensional geological reflection data (for example, the time difference of arriving at each detection point is within the allowable error range), and the focal position determined at this time is the first focal position. Exemplary, in a coal mining area, the three-dimensional geological reflection data collected is loaded into the seismic wave propagation model. The propagation of seismic waves is simulated by the finite difference method to obtain theoretical reflection wave data. The simulated reflection wave data is compared with the data actually collected, and it is found that when the focal position is adjusted to a certain coordinate point, the difference between the two is the smallest, thereby determining that the coordinate point is the first focal position. Through simulation matching, using three-dimensional geological reflection data and seismic wave propagation models, the first earthquake source position was obtained, which provided an initial reference point for subsequent more accurate earthquake source positioning, narrowed the search range, improved positioning efficiency, and provided a basis for subsequent fine positioning.

[0040] Furthermore, step S4 of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0041] Step S41: Performing seismic wave delay analysis on the reflection wave time series array to output a seismic wave delay time array.

[0042] Step S42: Obtaining a seismic reflection wave feature array by performing waveform feature recognition on the three-dimensional seismic reflection data.

[0043] Step S43: Referring to the seismic wave delay time array and the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the first seismic source position is iteratively adjusted in the seismic wave propagation model to obtain the seismic source space-time parameters, wherein the seismic source space-time parameters include the second seismic source position, the seismic wave propagation path and the earthquake occurrence time.

[0044] Specifically, the seismic wave delay time array is a data set containing the seismic wave delay time between multiple detection points. The data of the reflection wave time series array is obtained, and for each time data in the array, it is analyzed in combination with the seismic wave propagation theory and the geological conditions of the target research area. Considering the changes in the propagation speed of seismic waves in different strata (such as from sandstone strata to shale strata), as well as factors such as the length of the propagation path, the delay time of the seismic wave at each detection point relative to a certain reference time is calculated, and these calculated delay times are arranged in the order of the detection points to form a seismic wave delay time array. Through the seismic wave delay analysis, the propagation delay of the seismic wave between different detection points is obtained, which provides time difference information for the subsequent iterative adjustment of the source position, which helps to determine the source position more accurately.

[0045] The seismic reflection wave feature array is a data set containing seismic reflection wave features of multiple detection points. The seismic wave waveform data of each detection point is extracted from the three-dimensional seismic reflection data. Then, signal processing techniques, such as Fourier transform, are used to analyze these waveform data. By analyzing the amplitude change, frequency component, and phase of the waveform, the seismic reflection wave features of each detection point are determined, and these features are sorted according to the order of the detection points to form a seismic reflection wave feature array. In the actual implementation process, signal processing and pattern recognition software, such as relevant libraries in MATLAB and Python, can be used to extract and analyze waveform features. Through waveform feature recognition, the characteristic information of the seismic reflection wave is obtained, which provides a waveform feature basis for the subsequent iterative adjustment of the source position, and helps to more accurately match and identify the relationship between the reflection wave and the source position.

[0046] The first source position is input into the seismic wave propagation model as the initial hypothesis. According to the information in the seismic wave delay time array and the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the difference between the seismic wave propagation results simulated by the model and the actual data under the assumed source position is calculated. Then, based on these differences, the source position hypothesis is adjusted, and the calculation and comparison are performed again. This process is repeated continuously, that is, iteration. During the iteration process, as the source position is adjusted, the seismic wave propagation path (the propagation trajectory of the seismic wave in the model) and the earthquake occurrence time (combined with the time when the seismic wave arrives at each detection point and the propagation path and other information are reversed). When the iteration meets certain convergence conditions (such as the amplitude of the source position adjustment is less than a certain set value), the obtained source position is the second source position. At this time, the determined source position, seismic wave propagation path and earthquake occurrence time constitute the source time and space parameters. Through the iterative adjustment of the source position, the propagation characteristics and reflection characteristics of seismic waves in complex geological structures are taken into account, and more accurate source time and space parameters are obtained, which further improves the accuracy of source positioning and provides more accurate initial conditions for subsequent inversion iterations.

[0047] Furthermore, step S21 of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0048] Step S211: using the target research area as a search constraint, searching and calling regional geological data, wherein the regional geological data includes multiple geological parameter information of multiple regional strata, and the geological parameter information includes medium density, longitudinal wave velocity, and constant wave velocity.

[0049] Step S212: Perform coverage integrity analysis on the target research area based on the multiple regional strata to obtain deviation stratum intervals.

[0050] Step S213: interactively obtain the target geological conditions of the target study area, and use the target geological conditions and the deviation stratigraphic interval as matching conditions to obtain prior geological data.

[0051] Step S214: According to the deviation stratigraphic interval, the prior geological data is integrated into the plurality of geological parameter information as the geological prior information.

[0052] Specifically, the geological data database management system is used to take the geographical location, scope and other information of the target study area as search conditions to search the database for geological data containing or related to the area. These data contain geological parameter information of multiple regional strata, such as medium density, longitudinal wave velocity and shear wave velocity of different strata, providing the original geological data basis for subsequent analysis.

[0053] Sort out the stratigraphic information in the retrieved regional geological data. Compare the stratigraphic structure that the target study area should actually contain, check the coverage of each stratigraphic layer in the data, and determine whether the geological data of some stratigraphic layers are missing or incomplete. For those stratigraphic layers with incomplete coverage or geological parameters that do not meet the expectations of the target study area, determine their scope within the target study area to form a deviation stratigraphic interval. Clarifying the integrity of the stratigraphic data in the target study area and finding the stratigraphic interval with problems will help to supplement or correct the geological data in a targeted manner in the subsequent steps and improve the accuracy of the geological prior information.

[0054] Through the interactive interface or expert system, the target geological conditions such as stratigraphic structure and lithology of the target study area are obtained. Then, these target geological conditions and the deviation stratigraphic interval are used as matching conditions to screen and match the regional geological data, and find those geological data that meet the target geological conditions and can make up for the missing or insufficient data of the deviation stratigraphic interval as prior geological data. By interactively obtaining the target geological conditions and using them as matching conditions, the prior geological data that best matches the target study area is obtained, which improves the pertinence and accuracy of the geological prior information.

[0055] Determine the positional relationship of the prior geological data in the target study area according to the deviation stratigraphic interval. Integrate the relevant data in the prior geological data into multiple geological parameter information according to the corresponding stratigraphic relationship. For example, if there is special medium density data about a certain deviation stratigraphic layer in the prior geological data, it will be updated to the medium density item in the geological parameter information of the corresponding stratigraphic layer, thereby forming geological prior information. The obtained geological prior information integrates various geological data, reflects the geological conditions of the target study area more accurately and completely, provides a more reliable data basis for constructing a seismic wave propagation model, and helps to improve the accuracy of earthquake source location.

[0056] Furthermore, step S22 of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0057] Step S221: extracting the stratigraphic distribution information of the target research area from the regional geological data.

[0058] Step S222: constructing a stratum distribution model according to the stratum distribution information.

[0059] Step S223: gridding the stratum distribution model at a preset grid scale to obtain a plurality of three-dimensional grid units.

[0060] Step S224: According to the stratigraphic sources of the multiple three-dimensional grid cells, the geological parameter values ​​are scheduled from the geological prior information mapping to perform grid filling, thereby completing the construction of the seismic wave propagation model.

[0061] Specifically, the stratigraphic distribution information refers to the arrangement, thickness, lithology and other related information of the strata in the target study area, which is used to describe the distribution state of the strata in space. The stratigraphic information related to the target study area is screened out from the acquired regional geological data. For example, the thickness of each stratum, the order of the upper and lower layers, and other information are read from the stratigraphic profile in the geological report, and the lithology of the stratum is determined from the text description, so as to obtain the stratigraphic distribution information of the target study area. The stratigraphic distribution information is the key content to describe the geological structure of the target study area, and provides basic data for constructing the stratigraphic distribution model.

[0062] According to the extracted stratigraphic distribution information, a stratigraphic distribution model is constructed using three-dimensional modeling technology. The stratigraphic distribution model is used to intuitively represent the distribution of the stratigraphic layers in the target research area in three-dimensional space, and is an intermediate model for constructing a seismic wave propagation model. If the stratigraphic distribution information indicates that there are multiple layers of stratigraphic layers, and the thickness and spatial position of each layer are different, the geometric shape of the stratigraphic layer is constructed in three-dimensional space according to this information. For example, computer-aided design (CAD) software or specialized geological modeling software is used to input information such as the interface and thickness of different stratigraphic layers to generate a stratigraphic distribution model.

[0063] A suitable grid scale is set in advance, such as 10 meters × 10 meters × 5 meters. Then the stratigraphic distribution model is divided according to the set grid scale using modeling software to form multiple three-dimensional grid units, each of which has its own spatial position and size. By converting the complex stratigraphic distribution into multiple small three-dimensional grid units, it is convenient for subsequent numerical calculations and geological parameter assignment operations, thereby improving the operability and computational efficiency of the model.

[0064] For each three-dimensional grid cell, determine its stratigraphic source (i.e., the stratum corresponding to the grid cell). Then, based on this stratigraphic source, find the corresponding geological parameter value from the geological prior information. For example, if grid cell A belongs to a sandstone stratum, then find the medium density, longitudinal wave velocity and other parameter values ​​of the sandstone stratum in the geological prior information. Assign the found geological parameter value to the grid cell, and perform grid filling operations on all three-dimensional grid cells to complete the construction of the seismic wave propagation model. Through the mapping and scheduling of geological parameter values, each three-dimensional grid cell is assigned a suitable geological parameter value, so that the seismic wave propagation model can accurately reflect the physical properties of the underground medium in the target research area, providing a reliable model basis for subsequent source location.

[0065] Furthermore, step S3 of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0066] Step S31: Perform detection coverage analysis on the target research area and output the detection point array.

[0067] Step S32: collecting seismic wave reflection signals through a first seismic detector arranged at a first detection point to obtain first seismic trace data, wherein the first seismic trace data includes a first reflection wave time series, a first reflection wave position coordinate and a first reflection wave amplitude.

[0068] Step S33: The first detection point transmits the first seismic channel data to a data processing center via a wireless communication network.

[0069] Step S34: Similarly, the data processing center receives the multiple seismic trace data.

[0070] Step S35: After extracting a plurality of reflection wave time series from the plurality of seismic trace data, the data processing center structures the plurality of reflection wave time series according to a plurality of reflection wave position coordinates to obtain the reflection wave time series array.

[0071] Specifically, geographic information system (GIS) software is used to conduct detection coverage analysis on the target study area, determine the layout of the detection point array, ensure that the detection points can cover the entire study area, avoid detection blind spots, and provide complete spatial coverage for subsequent seismic wave reflection signal acquisition, thereby improving data integrity.

[0072] The first detection point is any detection point in the detection point array, which serves as the starting point for collecting seismic wave reflection signals (the first detection point is taken as an example here, and the subsequent collection process of other detection points is similar). The first seismic detector is arranged at the first detection point. When the seismic wave propagates to the area and reflects, the seismic detector can sense the signal of the reflected wave. The seismic detector records the time, position coordinates (i.e., the azimuth of the reflected wave) and amplitude of the reflected wave to form the first seismic track data. For example, the sensor inside the seismic detector converts it into an electrical signal based on the physical changes caused by the reflected wave (such as vibration, magnetic field changes, etc.), and after processing, a digital signal containing information such as time, angle and amplitude is obtained, which is the first seismic track data.

[0073] The first detection point sends the collected first seismic channel data through a pre-set wireless communication network through a data acquisition device connected to the first seismic detector. For example, using Wi-Fi network communication, the data acquisition device will package and encode the data according to the Wi-Fi communication protocol, and then send it to the Wi-Fi router, and then transmit it to the data processing center through the network.

[0074] According to the data collection method of the first detection point, other detection points also collect seismic wave reflection signals and transmit their own seismic trace data to the data processing center through the wireless communication network. The data processing center continuously receives seismic trace data from various detection points and finally obtains multiple seismic trace data.

[0075] The data processing center extracts the reflection wave time series in each seismic channel data from the received multiple seismic channel data. Then, these reflection wave time series are structured according to the reflection wave position coordinates in each seismic channel data. For example, if the reflection wave time series are arranged in the order of the azimuth of the reflection wave, an ordered array is formed, namely, the reflection wave time series array. This reflection wave time series array facilitates the overall analysis of the reflection of seismic waves in the target study area, and provides an ordered data basis for subsequent operations such as seismic wave delay analysis.

[0076] Furthermore, step S43 of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0077] Step S431: After the first earthquake source position is located in the seismic wave propagation model, data collection is performed during the seismic wave propagation simulation to obtain theoretical reflection wave data.

[0078] Step S432: performing waveform feature recognition on the theoretical reflected wave data to obtain a theoretical reflected wave feature array.

[0079] Step S433: extracting a theoretical time series array mapped to the detection point array from the theoretical reflection wave data.

[0080] Step S434: Adjust the first earthquake source position according to the matching comparison results of the seismic wave delay time array, the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and the theoretical time series array, until the earthquake source time and space parameters are obtained through iterative adjustment.

[0081] Specifically, the theoretical reflection wave data is the data collected in the seismic wave propagation simulation process based on the first source position in the seismic wave propagation model, which reflects the theoretical reflection of seismic waves under the assumed source position. In the seismic wave propagation model, the first source position is set as the source point. Then, based on the geological parameters set in the model (such as the medium density and wave velocity of the stratum) and the initial excitation conditions of the source (such as the source energy and source type), the propagation process of the seismic wave starting from the source is simulated. During the propagation process, when the seismic wave encounters different stratum interfaces and is reflected, data related to the reflection wave is collected, such as the intensity and arrival time of the reflection wave. These data are combined to form the theoretical reflection wave data.

[0082] The theoretical reflection wave characteristic array is an array containing various waveform characteristics (such as amplitude, frequency, phase, etc.) of the theoretical reflection wave obtained after waveform characteristic recognition of the theoretical reflection wave data. Waveform characteristic recognition is performed on the theoretical reflection wave data. Signal processing technology is used, such as Fourier transform of the theoretical reflection wave data, to analyze its frequency components and determine the amplitude and phase of the waveform. The waveform characteristic information of the theoretical reflection wave corresponding to each detection point is sorted in a certain order to form a theoretical reflection wave characteristic array. The theoretical reflection wave characteristic array can reflect the waveform characteristics of the theoretical seismic wave at different detection points, which helps to compare with the actual seismic reflection wave characteristic array to find out the differences, thereby providing a basis for adjusting the source position.

[0083] The arrival time information of the reflected wave related to each detection point is selected from the theoretical reflected wave data. According to the order of the detection points in the detection point array, these time information are arranged to form a theoretical time series array. For example, if there are 5 detection points in the detection point array, the time data of the theoretical reflected wave arriving at each detection point is extracted according to the order of these 5 detection points to form a theoretical time series array.

[0084] First, the seismic wave delay time array, seismic reflection wave characteristic array, theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and theoretical time series array are matched and compared. This includes comparing the time difference between the actual seismic wave delay time array and the corresponding detection points in the theoretical time series array, and comparing the waveform characteristic difference between the actual seismic reflection wave characteristic array and the corresponding detection points in the theoretical reflection wave characteristic array. According to these differences, the first source position is adjusted. Then the seismic wave propagation simulation is performed again, and the above steps are repeated for continuous iteration. When certain convergence conditions are met (such as the amplitude of the source position adjustment is less than a certain set value, or the difference between the data arrays is less than a certain threshold), the obtained source position is the second source position, and the source time and space parameters such as the seismic wave propagation path and the earthquake occurrence time are determined at the same time.

[0085] Through matching comparison and source position adjustment, the propagation and reflection characteristics of seismic waves in complex geological structures were taken into account, and more accurate source time and space parameters were obtained, which further improved the accuracy of source positioning and provided more accurate initial conditions for subsequent inversion iterations.

[0086] Furthermore, step S434 of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0087] Step S434-1: Perform seismic wave delay analysis on the theoretical time series array to output a theoretical delay time array.

[0088] Step S434-2: Match and compare the seismic wave delay time array, the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and the theoretical delay time array based on the Euclidean distance, and output a first position difference.

[0089] Step S434-3: iteratively adjust the first source position according to the first position difference until the second source position with a position difference less than a preset value is obtained.

[0090] Step S434-4: Call the associated theoretical data based on the second earthquake source position to obtain the theoretical occurrence time and the seismic wave propagation path.

[0091] Step S434-5: Correct the theoretical occurrence time with the actual time to obtain the earthquake occurrence time.

[0092] Specifically, the theoretical delay time array is obtained after performing seismic wave delay analysis on the theoretical time series array, and contains an array of the delay time of seismic waves at each detection point under theoretical circumstances. For each time data in the theoretical time series array, the delay of seismic waves in the process of propagating to each detection point is analyzed based on the seismic wave propagation theory and information such as geological parameters in the model. For example, considering factors such as the difference in the propagation speed of seismic waves in different strata and the length of the propagation path, the theoretical delay time of seismic waves at each detection point relative to a certain reference time is calculated, and these calculation results are arranged in the order of the detection points to form a theoretical delay time array.

[0093] The first position difference is a value obtained by Euclidean distance calculation that reflects the degree of difference between the actual data array (seismic wave delay time array, seismic reflection wave characteristic array) and the theoretical data array (theoretical reflection wave characteristic array, theoretical delay time array). The seismic wave delay time array, seismic reflection wave characteristic array, theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and theoretical delay time array are regarded as vectors in multidimensional space (the data corresponding to each detection point is regarded as a dimension of the vector). According to the Euclidean distance, the distance between the actual data array and the theoretical data array is calculated respectively. These distances are combined to obtain the first position difference. The first position difference quantifies the difference between the actual data and the theoretical data, provides a clear adjustment basis for the iterative adjustment of the source position, and can judge the degree of deviation between the current source position hypothesis and the actual situation.

[0094] Determine the adjustment direction and amplitude of the focal position according to the first position difference. If the first position difference is large, it means that the hypothetical focal position deviates greatly from the actual situation, and the focal position needs to be adjusted to a greater extent; if the first position difference is small, adjust the focal position slightly. After adjustment, calculate the new first position difference again. Repeat this process until the position difference is less than the preset value, at which time the focal position obtained is the second focal position. Among them, the preset value is a pre-set value used to determine whether the focal position adjustment has achieved sufficient accuracy. When the position difference is less than the preset value, the focal position is considered to be accurate enough. Through iterative adjustment, the gap between the hypothetical focal position and the actual situation is gradually narrowed, and finally the second focal position that meets the accuracy requirements is obtained, thereby improving the accuracy of focal location.

[0095] In the seismic wave propagation model, after the second earthquake source location is determined, the theoretical occurrence time (i.e. the time when the earthquake theoretically occurs) and the seismic wave propagation path (the theoretical path of the seismic wave propagation from the earthquake source to each detection point) corresponding to the earthquake source location are found according to the physical laws of seismic wave propagation and the data structure in the model.

[0096] Combined with the time information of the actual detected seismic waves arriving at each detection point and other actual factors (such as the time error of the detection equipment, etc.), the theoretical occurrence time is adjusted to obtain the accurate earthquake occurrence time, making the source time and space parameters more complete and accurate, which is helpful for a more comprehensive analysis of earthquake events. For example, if the time when the actual detected seismic waves arrive at a certain detection point is a certain amount later than the theoretical time when they arrive at the detection point, then the theoretical occurrence time needs to be corrected according to this time difference.

[0097] In summary, the earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0098] The embodiment of the present application collects three-dimensional geological reflection data as a basis, first performs initial source positioning, then extracts the reflection wave time series array, and then uses the initial positioning as a starting point to correlate and analyze multiple data to obtain the source time and space parameters, and then constructs a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model and uses it as an iterative constraint for inversion iteration, and finally outputs the target source position. The overall solution makes full use of the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array, combined with the pre-constructed three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model, to achieve high-precision positioning of the source position, which can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of source positioning, while enhancing the adaptability to complex geological structures, and providing more advanced and more effective technical means for source positioning in the fields of geological exploration and coal resource detection.

[0099] Embodiment 2, as Figure 2As shown, based on the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a source positioning system based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, the system comprising:

[0100] The geological reflection data acquisition module 10 is used to acquire three-dimensional geological reflection data by arranging a detection point array in the target research area, wherein the three-dimensional geological reflection data includes multiple seismic trace data of multiple detection points in the detection point array.

[0101] The earthquake source initial positioning module 20 is used to perform an initial earthquake source positioning based on the three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain a first earthquake source position.

[0102] The time series array extraction module 30 is used to extract the reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data.

[0103] The earthquake source spatiotemporal parameter acquisition module 40 is used to associate and analyze the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array with the first earthquake source position as the optimization starting point to obtain the earthquake source spatiotemporal parameters.

[0104] The model building module 50 is used to pre-build a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model.

[0105] The target earthquake source position determination module 60 is used to use the earthquake source time and space parameters as initial conditions and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model as iterative constraints to perform inversion iteration until a preset convergence condition is reached, and output the target earthquake source position.

[0106] Furthermore, the earthquake source initial positioning module 20 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0107] Conduct geological data coverage analysis on the target research area, and call data based on the analysis results to obtain geological prior information; construct a seismic wave propagation model based on the geological prior information; load the three-dimensional geological reflection data into the seismic wave propagation model, perform initial earthquake source positioning through simulation matching, and obtain the first earthquake source position.

[0108] Furthermore, the earthquake source spatiotemporal parameter acquisition module 40 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0109] By performing seismic wave delay analysis on the reflection wave time series array, a seismic wave delay time array is output; by performing waveform feature recognition on the three-dimensional seismic reflection data, a seismic reflection wave feature array is obtained; with reference to the seismic wave delay time array and the seismic reflection wave feature array, the first earthquake source position is iteratively adjusted in the seismic wave propagation model to obtain earthquake source space-time parameters, wherein the earthquake source space-time parameters include the second earthquake source position, the seismic wave propagation path and the earthquake occurrence time.

[0110] Furthermore, the earthquake source initial positioning module 20 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0111] Taking the target study area as a search constraint, the regional geological data are retrieved and called, wherein the regional geological data include multiple geological parameter information of multiple regional strata, and the geological parameter information includes medium density, longitudinal wave velocity, and constant wave velocity; the coverage integrity analysis of the target study area is performed based on the multiple regional strata to obtain the deviation stratigraphic interval; the target geological conditions of the target study area are interactively obtained, and the target geological conditions and the deviation stratigraphic interval are used as matching conditions to obtain prior geological data; based on the deviation stratigraphic interval, the prior geological data is integrated into the multiple geological parameter information as the geological prior information.

[0112] Furthermore, the earthquake source initial positioning module 20 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0113] The stratigraphic distribution information of the target research area is extracted from the regional geological data; a stratigraphic distribution model is constructed based on the stratigraphic distribution information; the stratigraphic distribution model is gridded at a preset grid scale to obtain a plurality of three-dimensional grid units; and grid filling is performed by scheduling geological parameter values ​​from the geological prior information mapping according to the stratigraphic sources of the plurality of three-dimensional grid units to complete the construction of the seismic wave propagation model.

[0114] Furthermore, the time series array extraction module 30 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0115] Perform detection coverage analysis on the target research area and output the detection point array; collect seismic wave reflection signals through a first seismic detector arranged at the first detection point to obtain first seismic track data, wherein the first seismic track data includes a first reflection wave time series, a first reflection wave position coordinate and a first reflection wave amplitude; the first detection point transmits the first seismic track data to a data processing center through a wireless communication network; and so on, the data processing center receives the multiple seismic track data; after extracting multiple reflection wave time series from the multiple seismic track data, the data processing center structures the multiple reflection wave time series according to the multiple reflection wave position coordinates to obtain the reflection wave time series array.

[0116] Furthermore, the earthquake source spatiotemporal parameter acquisition module 40 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0117] After the seismic wave propagation model locates the first earthquake source position, data collection of the seismic wave propagation simulation process is performed to obtain theoretical reflection wave data; waveform feature recognition is performed on the theoretical reflection wave data to obtain a theoretical reflection wave feature array; a theoretical time series array mapped to the detection point array is extracted from the theoretical reflection wave data; and the first earthquake source position is adjusted according to the matching and comparison results of the seismic wave delay time array, the seismic reflection wave feature array, the theoretical reflection wave feature array and the theoretical time series array, until the earthquake source time and space parameters are obtained through iterative adjustment.

[0118] Furthermore, the earthquake source spatiotemporal parameter acquisition module 40 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0119] By performing seismic wave delay analysis on the theoretical time series array, a theoretical delay time array is output; based on the Euclidean distance, the seismic wave delay time array, the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and the theoretical delay time array are matched and compared to output a first position difference; the first earthquake source position is iteratively adjusted according to the first position difference until the second earthquake source position with a position difference less than a preset value is obtained; the associated theoretical data is called according to the second earthquake source position to obtain the theoretical occurrence time and the seismic wave propagation path; the theoretical occurrence time is corrected with real time to obtain the earthquake occurrence time.

[0120] Through the above detailed description of the earthquake source locating method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the earthquake source locating system based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data in this embodiment. For the system disclosed in Example 2, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in Example 1 and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects, the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method part.

[0121] Embodiment three, based on the same inventive concept of the earthquake source positioning method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data in the aforementioned embodiment one, the present application also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the steps of the earthquake source positioning method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data in the aforementioned embodiment one.

[0122] like Figure 3As shown, the bus architecture is represented by bus 300, which may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, and bus 300 connects various circuits including one or more processors represented by processor 302 and memory represented by memory 304. Bus 300 may also connect various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and are therefore not further described herein. Bus interface 305 provides an interface between bus 300 and receiver 301 and transmitter 303. Receiver 301 and transmitter 303 may be the same element, namely a transceiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium. Processor 302 is responsible for managing bus 300 and general processing, while memory 304 may be used to store data used by processor 302 when performing operations.

[0123] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for locating a source of earthquake based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, characterized in that: The method comprises: The three-dimensional geological reflection data is acquired by arranging a detection point array in the target research area, wherein the three-dimensional geological reflection data includes a plurality of seismic trace data of a plurality of detection points in the detection point array; Performing initial earthquake source positioning based on the three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain a first earthquake source position; Extracting a reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data; Taking the first earthquake source position as the optimization starting point, correlating and analyzing the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array to obtain earthquake source time and space parameters; Pre-construct 3D seismic velocity model; The earthquake source space-time parameters are used as initial conditions, and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model is used as an iterative constraint to perform inversion iteration until a preset convergence condition is reached, and the target earthquake source position is output.

2. The earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to claim 1, characterized in that: Performing initial earthquake source positioning based on the three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain a first earthquake source position, the method comprising: Conduct geological data coverage analysis on the target research area, and call data based on the analysis results to obtain geological prior information; constructing a seismic wave propagation model based on the geological prior information; The three-dimensional geological reflection data is loaded into the seismic wave propagation model, and the initial earthquake source positioning is performed through simulation matching to obtain the first earthquake source position.

3. The earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to claim 2, characterized in that: Taking the first earthquake source position as the optimization starting point, correlating and analyzing the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array to obtain earthquake source spatiotemporal parameters, the method includes: Outputting a seismic wave delay time array by performing seismic wave delay analysis on the reflection wave time series array; Obtaining a seismic reflection wave feature array by performing waveform feature recognition on the three-dimensional seismic reflection data; With reference to the seismic wave delay time array and the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the first seismic source position is iteratively adjusted in the seismic wave propagation model to obtain the seismic source space-time parameters, wherein the seismic source space-time parameters include the second seismic source position, the seismic wave propagation path and the earthquake occurrence time.

4. The earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to claim 3, characterized in that: Conducting geological data coverage analysis on the target research area and calling data based on the analysis results to obtain geological prior information, the method comprising: Taking the target research area as a search constraint, searching and calling regional geological data, wherein the regional geological data includes multiple geological parameter information of multiple regional strata, and the geological parameter information includes medium density, longitudinal wave velocity, and constant wave velocity; Performing coverage integrity analysis on the target research area according to the multiple regional strata to obtain deviation stratum intervals; Interactively obtain the target geological conditions of the target research area, and use the target geological conditions and the deviation stratigraphic interval as matching conditions to obtain prior geological data; According to the deviation stratigraphic interval, the prior geological data is integrated into the plurality of geological parameter information as the geological prior information.

5. The earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to claim 4, characterized in that: Constructing a seismic wave propagation model based on the geological prior information, the method includes: Extracting the stratigraphic distribution information of the target research area from the regional geological data; constructing a stratum distribution model according to the stratum distribution information; The stratum distribution model is gridded according to a preset grid scale to obtain a plurality of three-dimensional grid units; According to the stratigraphic sources of the plurality of three-dimensional grid cells, the geological parameter values ​​are scheduled from the geological prior information mapping to perform grid filling, thereby completing the construction of the seismic wave propagation model.

6. The earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to claim 1, characterized in that: Extracting a reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data, the method comprises: Performing detection coverage analysis on the target research area and outputting the detection point array; Acquiring seismic wave reflection signals by a first seismic detector arranged at a first detection point to obtain first seismic trace data, wherein the first seismic trace data includes a first reflection wave time series, a first reflection wave position coordinate, and a first reflection wave amplitude; The first detection point transmits the first seismic channel data to a data processing center via a wireless communication network; By analogy, the data processing center receives the multiple seismic trace data; After extracting a plurality of reflection wave time series from the plurality of seismic trace data, the data processing center structures the plurality of reflection wave time series according to a plurality of reflection wave position coordinates to obtain the reflection wave time series array.

7. The earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to claim 4, characterized in that: Referring to the seismic wave delay time array and the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the seismic source position is iteratively adjusted on the first seismic source position in the seismic wave propagation model to obtain the seismic source spatiotemporal parameters, the method comprising: After the first earthquake source position is located by the seismic wave propagation model, data collection is performed during the seismic wave propagation simulation process to obtain theoretical reflection wave data; Performing waveform feature recognition on the theoretical reflected wave data to obtain a theoretical reflected wave feature array; Extracting a theoretical time series array mapped to the detection point array from the theoretical reflection wave data; According to the matching and comparison results of the seismic wave delay time array, the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and the theoretical time series array, the first seismic source position is adjusted until the seismic source time and space parameters are obtained through iterative adjustment.

8. The earthquake source location method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to claim 7, characterized in that: According to the matching and comparison results of the seismic wave delay time array, the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and the theoretical time series array, the first seismic source position is adjusted until the seismic source spatiotemporal parameters are obtained through iterative adjustment, the method comprising: By performing seismic wave delay analysis on the theoretical time series array, a theoretical delay time array is output; Matching and comparing the seismic wave delay time array, the seismic reflection wave characteristic array, the theoretical reflection wave characteristic array and the theoretical delay time array based on the Euclidean distance, and outputting a first position difference; Iteratively adjusting the first seismic source position according to the first position difference until obtaining the second seismic source position with a position difference less than a preset value; Calling the associated theoretical data according to the second earthquake source position to obtain the theoretical occurrence time and the seismic wave propagation path; The theoretical occurrence time is corrected with the actual time to obtain the earthquake occurrence time.

9. A source location system based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data, characterized in that: The system is used to execute the earthquake source positioning method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: A geological reflection data acquisition module, used for acquiring three-dimensional geological reflection data by arranging a detection point array in a target research area, wherein the three-dimensional geological reflection data includes a plurality of seismic trace data of a plurality of detection points in the detection point array; A seismic source initial positioning module, used for performing initial seismic source positioning based on the three-dimensional geological reflection data to obtain a first seismic source position; A time series array extraction module, used for extracting a reflection wave time series array mapped to the detection point array from the three-dimensional geological reflection data; A seismic source spatiotemporal parameter acquisition module, used to associate and analyze the three-dimensional geological reflection data and the reflection wave time series array with the first seismic source position as the optimization starting point to obtain the seismic source spatiotemporal parameters; Model building module, used to pre-build a three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model; The target earthquake source position determination module is used to use the earthquake source time and space parameters as initial conditions and the three-dimensional seismic wave velocity model as iterative constraints to perform inversion iteration until a preset convergence condition is reached, and output the target earthquake source position.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the source locating method based on three-dimensional seismic reflection data described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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