Silent wake-up type low-power-consumption bolt group looseness detection early warning system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a silent wake-up type low-power-consumption bolt group looseness detection early warning system and method. The silent wake-up type low-power-consumption bolt group looseness detection early warning system comprises a silent type bolt monitoring module, a wireless communication wake-up module, a host module, a server module and a monitoring client module. The silent bolt monitoring module is installed on a monitored bolt structure, the silent bolt monitoring module performs data interaction with the wireless communication awakening module, the wireless communication awakening module is installed on the host module, the host module uploads data to the server module, and the server module pushes the monitored bolt structure to the monitoring client module; when the silent bolt monitoring module detects that the pre-tightening force borne by the monitored bolt structure is reduced, the silent bolt monitoring module is awakened and uploads the position of the bolt, the electric quantity of the monitoring device and the pre-tightening force information of the bolt structure at the moment until the pre-tightening force returns to normal. Monitoring of multiple bolt group structures can be achieved, and the problems that existing multi-machine bolt group structure looseness monitoring is high in cost, high in power consumption and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electrical automation, and in particular relates to a silent awakening low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system and method. Background Art

[0002] Bolts are important connectors in mechanical structures, and their loosening has always been a focus of attention in the industrial field. Loose bolts not only lead to equipment failure and safety hazards, but also cause a series of economic losses and environmental problems. For example, in key facilities such as bridges, wind turbines, and aerospace, loose bolts may cause structural damage or even cause serious accidents. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor and warn of the loose state of bolts in a timely manner.

[0003] At present, the traditional method of monitoring bolt loosening mainly relies on manual inspection and regular maintenance. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of detection. In many engineering applications, the loosening problem of bolt groups is more complicated than that of a single bolt. Traditional monitoring devices and monitoring methods are often difficult to achieve efficient and accurate monitoring and positioning when facing large-scale bolt groups. The failure of bolt structures may lead to serious engineering accidents and safety hazards. Its impact is not limited to damage to the equipment itself, but may also cause casualties, environmental pollution and huge economic losses. Therefore, the development of bolt loosening monitoring devices can provide accurate data support for the maintenance and management of machinery and structures, help enterprises optimize maintenance strategies, and extend the service life of equipment, which is of great significance to improving the reliability and safety of the entire engineering system.

[0004] At present, some experts and scholars have conducted relevant research on the loosening monitoring of bolt structures. Chinese patent CN115775445A discloses a transmission line tower collapse prevention early warning system and early warning method based on tower bolt monitoring. The theoretical basis of stress measurement based on ultrasonic method is to monitor the bolt structure according to the acoustic-elastic theory; Chinese patent CN108507609A discloses a bolt loosening monitoring device and a bolt loosening monitoring method, which adopts a nut to drive the magnetic gasket to move synchronously in a circumferential direction, trigger and send a bolt loosening signal to complete the loosening monitoring of the bolt structure.

[0005] Although the existing bolt monitoring devices can monitor the loosening information of the bolt structure, the existing monitoring devices and systems are still insufficient for loosening monitoring of multiple machines and a large group of key bolt structures. The shortcomings are that it is impossible to locate the bolt structure for loosening monitoring of multiple machines and a large group of key bolt structures. Most bolt monitoring devices use wired connections, which makes loosening monitoring of bolt groups difficult. In addition, the existing monitoring devices have high power consumption, making it difficult to achieve long-term loosening monitoring of bolt structures. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a silent wake-up type low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system and method, which can realize long-term loosening monitoring of bolt structures in a low-power silent state. When the bolt structure is loose, it can automatically wake up and send the loose position and bolt preload state. The overall bolt structure of the machine can be self-checked in real time, and the bolt structure information can be uploaded. At the same time, the monitoring device is designed in the form of silent wake-up, which greatly reduces the power consumption of the monitoring device. At the same time, the wake-up form can realize the monitoring of multiple bolt group structures, solving the problems of high cost and high power consumption of existing loosening monitoring of multiple machine bolt group structures.

[0007] The present invention is provided with a host module, which can be manually awakened to perform self-inspection on the preload state of all bolt structures of the monitored object. During the self-inspection, it can also complete the detection of whether the monitoring device is working normally, which greatly improves the monitoring efficiency of the loosening of the bolt structure; at the same time, a server module and a monitoring client module are also provided, which can transmit the information of the current preload state of the bolt structure of the monitored object to the server side, and push it to the monitoring client module, so that the user can understand the state of the bolt structure of the monitored object in real time.

[0008] The present invention is a silent wake-up bolt group loosening detection method and fault warning system, including a silent bolt monitoring module, a wireless communication wake-up module, a host module, a server module and a monitoring client module; the silent bolt monitoring module is installed on the monitored bolt, and has a built-in wireless data transmission antenna and a power module, and its wireless data transmission antenna can transmit data to the wireless communication wake-up module; the wireless communication wake-up module is connected to the host module, and the host module is responsible for uploading the bolt loosening information to the server module; the server module can push the data to the monitoring client module. When the monitoring system is working, the host module sends instructions to the wireless communication wake-up module, and the wireless communication wake-up module wakes up the silent bolt monitoring module installed on the bolt structure one by one according to the instructions, and collects the preload information of the current bolt structure, and at the same time transmits the bolt position information and preload information to the wireless communication wake-up module with a wireless data transmission antenna, and the wireless communication wake-up module uploads the data to the host module, and the host module uploads the information of all bolt structures to the server module through the 4G / 5G network, and the server module pushes the position and preload information of all bolt structures at this moment to the monitoring client module. The overall bolt structure of the machine can be self-checked in real time and the bolt structure information can be uploaded. At the same time, the monitoring device is designed in the form of silent wake-up, which greatly reduces the power consumption of the monitoring device. At the same time, the wake-up form can realize the monitoring of multiple bolt group structures, solving the problems of high cost and high power consumption of existing loose bolt group structure monitoring of multiple machines.

[0009] Note that the description of these objectives does not prevent the existence of other objectives. One embodiment of the present invention does not need to achieve all of the above objectives. Objectives other than the above objectives can be extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims.

[0010] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0011] A silent wake-up type low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system, comprising a silent bolt monitoring module, a wireless communication wake-up module, a host module, a server module and a monitoring client module;

[0012] The silent bolt monitoring module is installed on the monitored bolt structure, and the silent bolt monitoring module interacts with the wireless communication wake-up module. The wireless communication wake-up module is installed on the host module. The host module uploads the data to the server module, and the server module pushes the monitored bolt structure to the monitoring client module.

[0013] The host module sends the number of the bolt to be awakened to the wireless communication awakening module, and the wireless communication awakening module sends data to the silent bolt monitoring module to be awakened according to the number information;

[0014] When the silent bolt monitoring module detects that the preload force of the monitored bolt structure is reduced, it is awakened, actively shakes hands with the wireless communication wake-up module, and uploads the bolt location, the power of the monitoring device and the preload force information of the bolt structure at this moment. After waiting for a preset time, it actively wakes up and sends an early warning message until the preload force returns to normal.

[0015] In the above scheme, the host module sends instructions to the wireless communication wake-up module, and the wake-up codes of all bolt structures are sent one by one to wake up the silent bolt monitoring modules on each bolt structure one by one. The silent bolt monitoring module will send the preload information of each bolt structure one by one to the wireless communication wake-up module in the form of one-to-one communication; the wireless communication wake-up module will also upload the preload information, position information and power information of the bolt structure corresponding to the wake-up code to the host module one by one during this process. The host module will generate a detection log in this process, set a timestamp, and upload all information to the server module. The server module will then push the information to the monitoring client module. The user can check the loosening information at any time, and can also send self-test information to the host module through the monitoring client module to allow the host module to self-test.

[0016] In the above scheme, the silent bolt monitoring module includes a bolt preload acquisition module, a digital-to-analog conversion module, a wireless data transmission module I, a microcontroller, a voltage regulation module, a lithium battery circuit, a threshold comparison circuit and a lithium battery;

[0017] The bolt preload force acquisition module is installed on the bolt structure, the bolt preload force acquisition module is connected to the threshold comparison circuit, and the threshold comparison circuit is connected to the microcontroller through the digital-to-analog conversion module; the wireless data transmission module I is used to interact with the wireless communication wake-up module for data; the bolt preload force acquisition module is used to collect the preload force of the bolt structure and transmit it to the threshold comparison circuit, the threshold comparison circuit is used to compare the detected data value with the preset value, and send the comparison result to the microcontroller, the microcontroller sends it to the wireless communication wake-up module through the wireless data transmission module I, and the wireless communication wake-up module uploads it to the host module; the lithium battery is connected to the lithium battery circuit, and the lithium battery circuit provides power for the entire device after passing through the voltage regulation module; the power monitoring circuit is connected to the lithium battery circuit and the lithium battery respectively to collect the power supply amount of the lithium battery circuit and the lithium battery.

[0018] The above scheme also includes a solar energy supply module; the solar energy supply module is connected to the lithium battery circuit for charging.

[0019] The above scheme also includes a power monitoring circuit; the lithium battery circuit is connected to the power monitoring circuit, and the power monitoring circuit is connected to the microcontroller through the digital-to-analog conversion module. The power monitoring circuit collects the power of the lithium battery through the lithium battery circuit and transmits it to the microcontroller through the digital-to-analog conversion module. The microcontroller sends it to the wireless communication wake-up module through the wireless data transmission module I, and the wireless communication wake-up module uploads it to the host module;

[0020] The microcontroller is in a silent mode when not in operation. In this mode, the microcontroller only retains a basic wake-up function, and its current consumption is maintained at about 5 to 10 μA.

[0021] The above scheme also includes a matching sleeve; the matching sleeve is coaxially installed on the screw rod of the bolt structure, and the bolt preload force collection module is coaxially installed on the matching sleeve.

[0022] In the above scheme, the wireless communication wake-up module includes a wireless data transmission module II, a serial port data transmission module, and a voltage conversion circuit; the host module includes a central control host, a display screen, and a WiFi network module; the wireless data transmission module II is used to receive and send data, and can also transmit data through the serial port data transmission module; the serial port data transmission module is connected to the central control host, the central control host is connected to the display screen, and the central control host interacts with the server module through the WiFi network module.

[0023] In the above scheme, the wireless data transmission module II is based on the wireless communication technology of low-power wide area network and is connected with multiple wireless data transmission modules I in the form of "handshake" by setting the same bolt wake-up code through the program. When the handshake is successful, the wireless data transmission module I will respond to the built-in bolt number of the silent bolt monitoring module. When the wake-up code and the response code are consistent, the handshake will be successful, that is, the connection will be successful, and then the wireless data transmission module I will wake up the microcontroller;

[0024] In the process of remote monitoring of multiple machines, the wireless data transmission module II and multiple wireless data transmission modules I adopt a star topology data transmission structure, and one of the host modules is set as the central node to communicate with the host modules of multiple terminal nodes, which can realize the loosening information collection of multiple bolt structures of a machine.

[0025] A control method according to the silent wake-up type low-power consumption bolt group loosening detection and early warning system comprises the following steps:

[0026] The silent bolt monitoring module collects the preload force of the bolt structure and compares it with the preset value, and sends the comparison result to the host module through the wireless communication wake-up module. The host module uploads the data to the server module, and the server module pushes the monitored bolt structure to the monitoring client module.

[0027] The host module sends the number of the bolt to be awakened to the wireless communication awakening module, and the wireless communication awakening module sends data to the silent bolt monitoring module to be awakened according to the number information;

[0028] When the silent bolt monitoring module detects that the preload force of the monitored bolt structure is reduced, it is awakened, actively shakes hands with the wireless communication wake-up module, and uploads the bolt location, the power of the monitoring device and the preload force information of the bolt structure at this moment. After waiting for a preset time, it actively wakes up and sends an early warning message until the preload force returns to normal.

[0029] The above scheme also includes the following steps:

[0030] Self-check: The monitoring client module sends instructions to the WiFi network module of the host module and the central control host through the server module. The central control host sends the instructions to the microcontroller of the silent bolt monitoring module through the serial port data transmission module and then through the wireless data transmission module II, so that the microcontroller is released from the standby state. The microcontroller collects the lithium battery voltage information in the lithium battery circuit, the bolt loosening information of the bolt preload force collection module, and the positioning code information through the digital-to-analog conversion module, and transmits them back to the central control host and the monitoring client module, and logs them in the server module;

[0031] Automatic triggering: The bolt structure becomes loose, causing the resistance value of the bolt preload force acquisition module to change, resulting in a difference between the voltage collected by the bolt preload force acquisition module and the reference voltage of the comparator in the threshold comparison circuit, causing the microcontroller to exit the standby state and start working normally. The digital-to-analog conversion module collects the lithium battery voltage information in the lithium battery circuit, the bolt loosening information of the bolt preload force acquisition module, and the positioning code information, which are transmitted back to the central control host and the monitoring client module, and are logged in the server module.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The silent bolt monitoring module of the present invention is in a low-power silent state during the monitoring process. This state can be automatically awakened by the threshold comparison circuit on the monitoring device, or manually awakened by the host module through the wireless communication awakening module, so that the energy consumption of the monitoring device is greatly reduced, and the long-term monitoring of the loosening of the bolt structure of the monitored object can be realized;

[0034] 2. The bolt preload force acquisition module of the present invention can be equipped with a matching sleeve and can be installed on various types of bolt structures to realize loosening monitoring of bolt structures with various signals;

[0035] 3. The silent bolt monitoring module of the present invention is equipped with a wireless transmission module, which cooperates with the wireless communication wake-up module and the host module, and adopts a star topology data transmission structure, so that a set of wireless communication wake-up modules and the host module can communicate with multiple silent bolt monitoring modules. At the same time, the wireless connection is designed in the form of "coded handshake", which greatly improves the reliability of wireless communication of the device;

[0036] 4. The present invention sets two wake-up modes: automatic wake-up (automatic triggering) and manual wake-up (self-checking), which can realize automatic warning of bolt loosening of bolt structure, and can manually detect all bolt structures of the monitored object, and can also check whether all monitoring devices are working normally or not, and can also obtain the existing power of the monitoring device. When the monitoring device fails or the power is insufficient, the user can repair the device and replace the battery;

[0037] 5. The present invention is provided with a server module and a monitoring client module, which can realize data storage and data push of the bolt structure of the monitored object, and can also record the user's daily self-inspection bolt status of the bolt structure of the monitored object, and push the self-inspection information to the user end of the monitoring client module, which greatly improves the intelligent monitoring level of the bolt structure of the detected object.

[0038] 6. The present invention can perform self-inspection on the overall bolt structure of the machine in real time and upload the bolt structure information. At the same time, the monitoring device is designed in the form of silent wake-up, which greatly reduces the power consumption of the monitoring device. At the same time, the wake-up form can realize the monitoring of multiple bolt group structures, solving the problems of high cost and high power consumption of existing loose monitoring of multiple machine bolt group structures.

[0039] Note that the description of these effects does not prevent the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of the above effects. Effects other than the above can be clearly seen and extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a silent wake-up type low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a silent bolt monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication wake-up module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a host module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a main control center circuit of a silent bolt monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the charging and discharging principle of a small lithium battery in a silent bolt monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a principle diagram of a small lithium battery charging and discharging linear voltage stabilizing circuit of a silent bolt monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a high-precision digital-to-analog conversion circuit of a silent bolt monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of a wireless transmission module of a silent bolt monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the circuit principle of a wireless transmission module of a wireless communication wake-up module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a threshold comparison circuit of a silent bolt monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a wireless communication wake-up module wireless transmission module CUSB automatic download circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a self-check and automatic triggering instruction route according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and operation of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In the figure: 1-silent bolt monitoring module, 2-wireless communication wake-up module, 3-host module, 4-server module, 5-monitoring client module; 101-solar energy supply module, 102-bolt preload acquisition module, 103-digital-to-analog conversion module, 104-wireless data transmission module I, 105-microcontroller, 106-voltage regulation module, 107-lithium battery circuit, 108-threshold comparison circuit, 109-lithium battery, 1010-matching sleeve, 1011-power monitoring circuit; 201-wireless data transmission module II, 202-serial port data transmission module, 203-voltage conversion circuit; 301-central control host, 302-display screen, 303-WiFi network module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] Figure 1 The figure shows a preferred implementation of the silent awakening type low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system, which includes a silent bolt monitoring module 1, a wireless communication wake-up module 2, a host module 3, a server module 4 and a monitoring client module 5;

[0058] The silent bolt monitoring module 1 is installed on the monitored bolt structure, and the silent bolt monitoring module 1 interacts with the wireless communication wake-up module 2. The wireless communication wake-up module 2 is installed on the host module 3. The host module 3 uploads the data to the server module 4, and the server module 4 pushes the monitored bolt structure to the monitoring client module 5.

[0059] The host module 3 sends the number of the bolt to be awakened to the wireless communication awakening module 2, and the wireless communication awakening module 2 sends the data to the silent bolt monitoring module 1 to be awakened according to the number information;

[0060] When the silent bolt monitoring module 1 detects that the preload force of the monitored bolt structure is reduced, it is awakened, actively shakes hands with the wireless communication awakening module 2, and uploads the bolt location, the power of the monitoring device and the preload force information of the bolt structure at this moment, and then waits for a preset time, and then actively wakes up to send an early warning message until the preload force returns to normal.

[0061] The host module 3 will send instructions to the wireless communication wake-up module 2 through the central control host 301, and the wake-up codes of all bolt structures will be sent one by one to wake up the silent bolt monitoring module 1 on each bolt structure one by one. The silent bolt monitoring module 1 will send the preload information of each bolt structure one by one to the wireless communication wake-up module 2 in the form of one-to-one communication; the wireless communication wake-up module 2 will also upload the preload information, position information and power detected by the power monitoring circuit 1011 of the bolt structure corresponding to the wake-up code to the host module 3 one by one during this process. The host module 3 will generate a detection log in this process, which is set with a timestamp, and upload all information to the server module 4 through the 4G / 5GWiFi network module 303. The server module 4 will then push the information to the monitoring client module 5. The user can check the loosening information at any time, and can also send self-test information to the host module 3 through the monitoring client module 5 to let the host module 3 self-test. At the same time, the monitoring device can also be checked whether it is working normally in the self-test state.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the silent bolt monitoring module 1 includes a bolt preload acquisition module 102, a digital-to-analog conversion module 103, a wireless data transmission module I 104, a microcontroller 105, a voltage regulation module 106, a lithium battery circuit 107, a threshold comparison circuit 108 and a lithium battery 109;

[0063] The bolt preload force acquisition module 102 is installed on the bolt structure, and the bolt preload force acquisition module 102 is connected to the threshold comparison circuit 108, and the threshold comparison circuit 108 is connected to the microcontroller 105 through the digital-to-analog conversion module 103; the wireless data transmission module I104 is used to exchange data with the wireless communication wake-up module 2; the bolt preload force acquisition module 102 is used to collect the preload force of the bolt structure and transmit it to the threshold comparison circuit 108, and the threshold comparison circuit 108 is used to compare the detected data value with the preset value, and send the comparison result to the microcontroller 105, and the microcontroller 105 sends it to the wireless communication wake-up module 2 through the wireless data transmission module I104, and the wireless communication wake-up module 2 uploads it to the host module 3; the lithium battery 109 is connected to the lithium battery circuit 107, and the lithium battery circuit 107 provides power for the entire device after passing through the voltage regulation module 106; the power monitoring circuit 1011 is connected to the lithium battery circuit 107 and the lithium battery 109 respectively, and collects the power supply power of the lithium battery circuit 107 and the lithium battery 109 in the form of ADC.

[0064] The silent bolt monitoring module 1 further includes a solar energy supply module 101 ; the solar energy supply module 101 is connected to a lithium battery circuit 107 for charging.

[0065] The silent bolt monitoring module 1 also includes a power monitoring circuit 1011; the lithium battery circuit 107 is connected to the power monitoring circuit 1011, and the power monitoring circuit 1011 is connected to the microcontroller 105 through the digital-to-analog conversion module 103. The power monitoring circuit 1011 collects the power of the lithium battery 109 through the lithium battery circuit 107, and transmits it to the microcontroller 105 through the digital-to-analog conversion module 103. The microcontroller 105 sends it to the wireless communication wake-up module 2 through the wireless data transmission module I 104, and the wireless communication wake-up module 2 uploads it to the host module 3; the microcontroller 105 is in a silent mode when not working. In this mode, the microcontroller 105 only retains the basic wake-up function, and its current maintains a current consumption of about 5 to 10 μA, which is much lower than the power consumption during normal operation. It is also provided with a power monitoring circuit 1011, which can collect the power of the lithium battery circuit 107 and the small lithium battery 109 in the form of ADC, and the lithium battery circuit 107 and the small lithium battery 109 are installed in the circuit in a plug-in form, which can realize portable replacement of the power supply.

[0066] The silent bolt monitoring module 1 also includes a matching sleeve 1010; the matching sleeve 1010 is coaxially installed on the screw of the bolt structure, and the bolt preload force acquisition module 102 is coaxially installed on the matching sleeve 1010, which can be applicable to installation monitoring of bolt structures of different sizes. At the same time, the preload force data of the bolt structure can be converted through the digital-to-analog conversion module 103.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, the wireless communication wake-up module 2 includes a wireless data transmission module II 201, a serial port data transmission module 202, and a voltage conversion circuit 203; Figure 4 As shown, the host module 3 includes a central control host 301, a display screen 302 and a 4G / 5G WiFi network module 303; the wireless data transmission module II 201 is used to receive and send data, and can also transmit data through the serial port data transmission module 202; the serial port data transmission module 202 is connected to the central control host 301, the central control host 301 is connected to the display screen 302, and the central control host 301 interacts with the server module 4 through the 4G / 5G WiFi network module 303.

[0068] The silent bolt monitoring module 1 is not directly connected to the wireless communication wake-up module 2. The silent bolt monitoring module 1 uses the wireless data transmission module I104 to interact with the wireless data transmission module II201 of the wireless communication wake-up module 2, which greatly improves the applicability of this system.

[0069] The wireless data transmission module II 201 is based on the wireless communication technology LoRa of the low-power wide area network and is connected with multiple wireless data transmission modules I 104 in the form of "handshake" by setting the same bolt wake-up code through the program. When the handshake is successful, the wireless data transmission module I 104 will respond to the built-in bolt number of the silent bolt monitoring module 1. When the wake-up code and the response code are consistent, the handshake connection is successful, and then the wireless data transmission module I 104 will wake up the microcontroller 105;

[0070] In the process of remote monitoring of multiple machines, the wireless data transmission module II 201 and multiple wireless data transmission modules I 104 adopt a star topology data transmission structure, and set one of the host modules 3 as the central node to communicate with the host modules 3 of multiple terminal nodes, so as to realize the loosening information collection of multiple bolt structures of a machine.

[0071] Furthermore, the awakening method of the silent bolt monitoring module 1 is as follows: the host module 3 sends the bolt number to be awakened to the wireless communication awakening module 2 through the serial port data transmission module 202 through the central control host 301, and the wireless communication awakening module 2 sends the data to the wireless data transmission module I104 of the silent bolt monitoring module 1 to be awakened through the wireless data transmission module II201 according to the number information, and the wireless data transmission module I104 can wake up the microcontroller 105 of the silent bolt monitoring module 1 in the form of serial port and external interruption, thereby eliminating the system's misjudgment;

[0072] Furthermore, the fault warning method is a built-in threshold comparison circuit 108, and the built-in threshold comparison circuit 108 is independently powered by a lithium battery circuit 107. When the preload force on the bolt preload force acquisition module 102 is reduced, the threshold comparison circuit will send a signal, giving the microcontroller 105 an external interrupt signal, so that the silent bolt monitoring module 1 is awakened, and actively shakes hands with the wireless communication wake-up module 2, and uploads the bolt location, the power of the monitoring device and the preload force information of the bolt structure at this moment, and then waits for a period of time, and then actively wakes up and sends a warning message until the preload force returns to normal.

[0073] Furthermore, the wireless communication wake-up module 2 can be set up for multicast communication: although LoRa itself is more commonly used for unicast and broadcast, multicast communication can also be achieved through the design of the protocol layer, that is, information is sent to a specific group of devices to achieve linkage transmission of bolt structure loosening information of multiple monitored objects.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, the microcontroller 105 of the silent bolt monitoring module 1 uses STM32F103CBT6 as the main control chip, and other main control chips can also be used. STM32F103CBT6 is set with running mode, sleep mode, stop mode, and standby mode. The silent mode mentioned in this system refers to the standby mode of STM32F103CBT6 with the lowest power consumption. All clocks are stopped, the contents of registers and SRAM will be lost, and only a few selected wake-up sources are available. This is the lowest power consumption mode, with a typical power consumption of about 2μA. The lithium battery circuit 107 is standardly equipped with 250mAh, which can provide the microcontroller with a long working time in standby mode. Ignoring the power consumption of other circuits, it can theoretically work continuously for more than 100,000 hours;

[0075] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the lithium battery 109 in the lithium battery circuit 107 is connected to the circuit P15 in the figure. This lithium battery charging and discharging circuit uses the TP4056 linear charging management chip as the circuit core, supports constant current / constant voltage charging mode, and the charging current can be set by an external resistor, up to 1A, with over-temperature protection and short-circuit protection functions, and can output the required voltage for the silent bolt monitoring module 1; at the same time, in order to stabilize the voltage change in the circuit, the CJ9221T5 power management integrated circuit is used for voltage regulation and power conversion: the input voltage can be converted into different voltage levels required by the device;

[0076] like Figure 8As shown, the digital-to-analog conversion module 103 circuit on the silent bolt monitoring module 1 adopts HX710A, which is a high-precision, low-noise analog-to-digital converter (ADC), provides dual-channel input and built-in programmable gain amplifier, can effectively amplify weak signals, has low power consumption characteristics, and is suitable for battery-powered devices. It is used for the bolt preload acquisition module 102, the power monitoring circuit 1011 and the threshold comparison circuit 108 to perform digital-to-analog conversion to obtain the bolt preload size, the lithium battery 109 power, and realize the threshold comparison circuit 108 drive;

[0077] like Fig. 9 , 10 As shown, the wireless transmitter on the silent bolt monitoring module 1 and the wireless communication wake-up module 2 uses a low-power wireless ANT6303 communication chip, which has low power consumption and high transmission rate, and is suitable for battery-powered devices that need to run for a long time. The ANT6303 chip usually integrates a radio frequency (RF) transceiver, a baseband processor, and other necessary functional modules. This system can realize wireless connection and support one-to-one handshake communication.

[0078] like Fig.11 As shown, the working principle of the threshold comparison circuit 108 is to use the LM393 comparator to compare the voltage (pin 3 of LM393) collected by the bolt preload acquisition module 102 with the reference voltage (pin 2 of LM393) to realize the on-off of the MOS tube Q6. The on-off of the MOS tube Q6 is connected to the external interrupt interface of the STM32F103CBT6. Since the voltage parameter collected by the bolt preload acquisition module 102 will decrease due to the decrease in preload, when the voltage collected by the bolt preload acquisition module 102 drops to a value lower than the reference voltage, the comparator turns on the MOS tube, the external interrupt of the STM32F103CBT6 is triggered, and the STM32F103CBT6 chip is released from the standby mode and enters the normal working mode.

[0079] like Fig.12 As shown, the wireless communication wake-up module 2 converts the serial port into a USB interface using a CH340C USB to serial port chip. The USB interface corresponds to the serial port data transmission module 202 in the system and can be installed in the central control host 301 to communicate with the silent bolt monitoring module 1 in combination with the wireless data transmission module II 201.

[0080] A control method according to the silent wake-up type low-power consumption bolt group loosening detection and early warning system comprises the following steps:

[0081] The silent bolt monitoring module 1 collects the preload force of the bolt structure and compares it with the preset value, and sends the comparison result to the host module 3 through the wireless communication wake-up module 2. The host module 3 uploads the data to the server module 4, and the server module 4 pushes the monitored bolt structure to the monitoring client module 5;

[0082] The host module 3 sends the number of the bolt to be awakened to the wireless communication awakening module 2, and the wireless communication awakening module 2 sends the data to the silent bolt monitoring module 1 to be awakened according to the number information;

[0083] When the silent bolt monitoring module 1 detects that the preload force of the monitored bolt structure is reduced, it is awakened, actively shakes hands with the wireless communication awakening module 2, and uploads the bolt location, the power of the monitoring device and the preload force information of the bolt structure at this moment, and then waits for a preset time, and then actively wakes up to send an early warning message until the preload force returns to normal.

[0084] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the control method of the silent wake-up type low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] Self-check: The monitoring client module 5 sends instructions to the 4G / 5G WiFi network module 303 of the host module 3 to the central control host 301 through the server module 4. The central control host 301 sends the instructions to the microcontroller 105 of the silent bolt monitoring module 1 through the serial port data transmission module 202 and then through the wireless data transmission module II 201, so that the microcontroller 105 is released from the standby state. The microcontroller 105 collects the voltage information of the lithium battery 109 in the lithium battery circuit 107 and the bolt loosening information of the bolt preload force collection module 102 through the digital-to-analog conversion module 103, and then adds the positioning code information built into the program. The three pieces of information are transmitted back to the central control host 301 and the monitoring client module 5 by the original route, and are logged in the server module 4;

[0086] Automatic triggering: The bolt structure becomes loose, causing the resistance value of the bolt preload force acquisition module 102 to change, causing the LM393 comparator in the threshold comparison circuit 108 to detect a difference between the voltage (pin 3 of LM393) collected by the bolt preload force acquisition module 102 and the reference voltage (pin 2 of LM393), causing the MOS tube Q6 to be turned on, giving the microcontroller 105 a main control STM32F103CBT6 chip external interrupt, so that the microcontroller 105 is released from the standby state, and the microcontroller 105 starts to work normally, and collects the lithium battery 109 voltage information in the lithium battery circuit 107 and the bolt loosening information of the bolt preload force acquisition module 102 through the digital-to-analog conversion module 103, and then adds the built-in positioning code information in the program, and the three information are transmitted back to the central control host 301 and the monitoring client module 5, and the log is recorded in the server module 4.

[0087] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0088] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system, characterized in that: It comprises a silent bolt monitoring module (1), a wireless communication wake-up module (2), a host module (3), a server module (4) and a monitoring client module (5); The silent bolt monitoring module (1) is installed on the bolt structure to be monitored, the silent bolt monitoring module (1) exchanges data with the wireless communication wake-up module (2), the wireless communication wake-up module (2) is installed on the host module (3), the host module (3) uploads the data to the server module (4), and the server module (4) pushes the monitored bolt structure to the monitoring client module (5); The host module (3) sends the number of the bolt to be awakened to the wireless communication awakening module (2), and the wireless communication awakening module (2) sends data to the silent bolt monitoring module (1) to be awakened according to the number information; When the silent bolt monitoring module (1) detects that the pre-tightening force of the monitored bolt structure is reduced, it is awakened, actively shakes hands with the wireless communication awakening module (2), and uploads the location of the bolt, the power of the monitoring device and the pre-tightening force information of the bolt structure at this moment, and then waits for a preset time, and then actively wakes up and sends an early warning message until the pre-tightening force returns to normal.

2. The silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The host module (3) sends a command to the wireless communication wake-up module (2) to send the wake-up codes of all bolt structures one by one, so as to wake up the silent bolt monitoring modules (1) on each bolt structure one by one. The silent bolt monitoring modules (1) will send the preload information of each bolt structure one by one to the wireless communication wake-up module (2) in a one-to-one communication form. During this process, the wireless communication wake-up module (2) will also upload the preload information, position information and power information of the bolt structure corresponding to the wake-up code to the host module (3) one by one. During this process, the host module (3) will generate a detection log with a timestamp, and upload all the information to the server module (4). The server module (4) will then push the information to the monitoring client module (5). The user can check the loosening information at any time, and can also send self-check information to the host module (3) through the monitoring client module (5) to allow the host module (3) to perform self-check.

3. The silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The silent bolt monitoring module (1) comprises a bolt preload acquisition module (102), a digital-to-analog conversion module (103), a wireless data transmission module I (104), a microcontroller (105), a voltage regulation module (106), a lithium battery circuit (107), a threshold comparison circuit (108) and a lithium battery (109); The bolt preload force acquisition module (102) is installed on the bolt structure, the bolt preload force acquisition module (102) is connected to a threshold comparison circuit (108), and the threshold comparison circuit (108) is connected to a microcontroller (105) via a digital-to-analog conversion module (103); the wireless data transmission module I (104) is used to perform data exchange with the wireless communication wake-up module (2); the bolt preload force acquisition module (102) is used to acquire the preload force of the bolt structure and transmit it to the threshold comparison circuit (108), and the threshold comparison circuit (108) is used to compare the detected data value with a preset value, and The comparison result is sent to the microcontroller (105), and the microcontroller (105) sends it to the wireless communication wake-up module (2) through the wireless data transmission module I (104), and the wireless communication wake-up module (2) uploads it to the host module (3); the lithium battery (109) is connected to the lithium battery circuit (107), and the lithium battery circuit (107) provides electric energy to the entire device after passing through the voltage regulation module (106); the power monitoring circuit (1011) is respectively connected to the lithium battery circuit (107) and the lithium battery (109) to collect the power supply quantity of the lithium battery circuit (107) and the lithium battery (109).

4. The silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also comprises a solar energy supply module (101); the solar energy supply module (101) is connected to a lithium battery circuit (107) for charging.

5. The silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also includes a power supply monitoring circuit (1011); The lithium battery circuit (107) is connected to the power monitoring circuit (1011), and the power monitoring circuit (1011) is connected to the microcontroller (105) via the digital-to-analog conversion module (103). The power monitoring circuit (1011) collects the power of the lithium battery (109) via the lithium battery circuit (107), and transmits the collected power to the microcontroller (105) via the digital-to-analog conversion module (103). The microcontroller (105) transmits the collected power to the wireless communication wake-up module (2) via the wireless data transmission module I (104), and the wireless communication wake-up module (2) uploads the collected power to the host module (3). The microcontroller (105) is in a silent mode when not in operation. In this mode, the microcontroller (105) only retains a basic wake-up function, and its current consumption is maintained at about 5 to 10 μA.

6. The silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also included is a mating sleeve (1010); The matching sleeve (1010) is coaxially mounted on the screw rod of the bolt structure, and the bolt preload force collection module (102) is coaxially mounted on the matching sleeve (1010).

7. The silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The wireless communication wake-up module (2) comprises a wireless data transmission module II (201), a serial port data transmission module (202), and a voltage conversion circuit (203); the host module (3) comprises a central control host (301), a display screen (302), and a WiFi network module (303); the wireless data transmission module II (201) is used to receive and send data, and can also transmit data through the serial port data transmission module (202); the serial port data transmission module (202) is connected to the central control host (301), the central control host (301) is connected to the display screen (302), and the central control host (301) exchanges data with the server module (4) through the WiFi network module (303).

8. The silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The wireless data transmission module II (201) is based on the wireless communication technology of low power wide area network and is connected with multiple wireless data transmission modules I (104) in a "handshake" form by setting the same bolt wake-up code through a program. When the handshake is successful, the wireless data transmission module I (104) will respond to the bolt number built into the silent bolt monitoring module (1). When the wake-up code and the response code are consistent, the handshake is successful, that is, the connection is successful, and then the wireless data transmission module I (104) will wake up the microcontroller (105); In the process of remote monitoring of multiple machines, the wireless data transmission module II (201) and the multiple wireless data transmission modules I (104) adopt a star topology data transmission structure, and one of the host modules (3) is set as a central node to communicate with the host modules (3) of multiple terminal nodes, so as to realize the loosening information collection of multiple bolt structures of one machine.

9. A control method for a silent wake-up low-power bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The silent bolt monitoring module (1) collects the preload force of the bolt structure and compares it with a preset value, and sends the comparison result to the host module (3) through the wireless communication wake-up module (2); the host module (3) uploads the data to the server module (4), and the server module (4) pushes the monitored bolt structure to the monitoring client module (5); The host module (3) sends the number of the bolt to be awakened to the wireless communication awakening module (2), and the wireless communication awakening module (2) sends data to the silent bolt monitoring module (1) to be awakened according to the number information; When the silent bolt monitoring module (1) detects that the pre-tightening force of the monitored bolt structure is reduced, it is awakened, actively shakes hands with the wireless communication awakening module (2), and uploads the location of the bolt, the power of the monitoring device and the pre-tightening force information of the bolt structure at this moment, and then waits for a preset time, and then actively wakes up and sends an early warning message until the pre-tightening force returns to normal.

10. The control method of the silent wake-up type low-power consumption bolt group loosening detection and early warning system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Self-check: the monitoring client module (5) sends instructions to the central control host (301) through the server module (4) to the WiFi network module (303) of the host module (3); the central control host (301) sends the instructions to the microcontroller (105) of the silent bolt monitoring module (1) through the serial port data transmission module (202) and then through the wireless data transmission module II (201), so that the microcontroller (105) is released from the standby state, and the microcontroller (105) collects the voltage information of the lithium battery (109) in the lithium battery circuit (107), the bolt loosening information of the bolt pre-tightening force collection module (102) and the positioning code information through the digital-to-analog conversion module (103), and transmits them back to the central control host (301) and the monitoring client module (5), and logs them in the server module (4); Automatic triggering: the bolt structure becomes loose, causing the resistance value of the bolt pre-tightening force acquisition module (102) to change, causing the comparator in the threshold comparison circuit (108) to detect a difference between the voltage collected by the bolt pre-tightening force acquisition module (102) and the reference voltage, causing the microcontroller (105) to be released from the standby state, and the microcontroller (105) to start working normally, and collect the voltage information of the lithium battery (109) in the lithium battery circuit (107), the bolt loosening information of the bolt pre-tightening force acquisition module (102), and the positioning code information through the digital-to-analog conversion module (103), and transmit them back to the central control host (301) and the monitoring client module (5), and log them in the server module (4).

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