System and method for calculating openable capacity of power grid

Abstract

The invention discloses a power grid openable capacity calculation system and method, and relates to the technical field of power grid openable capacity calculation, the power grid openable capacity calculation system comprises a power grid data acquisition module, a power grid operation state processing module, an openable capacity processing module and an openable capacity output module, the power grid data acquisition module is used for acquiring power grid data; the power grid operation state processing module is used for dividing power grid operation states; the openable capacity processing module is used for calculating the openable capacity of the power grid and constructing a power grid openable capacity output model; and the openable capacity output module is used for outputting openable capacities of the power grid in different power grid operation states. The voltage transformer technology, the current transformer technology and the power analyzer technology in the system are combined with the modern information technology; voltage data and current data of the power grid equipment and active power and reactive power of operation of the power grid equipment are accurately captured, and real-time and comprehensive monitoring of the power grid openable capacity calculation system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power grid open capacity calculation, and in particular to a power grid open capacity calculation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of energy transformation and electricity marketization, the development of open capacity calculation system of power grid is of great significance. The power system is undergoing profound changes. On the one hand, the large-scale access of new energy power generation has intermittent and volatile output. For example, solar and wind power generation are significantly affected by weather, which makes the operation state of the power grid more complex and changeable. The traditional capacity assessment method based on stable working conditions is no longer applicable. On the other hand, the opening of the power market has prompted more distributed power sources, energy storage equipment and various power users to participate in direct power trading. Grid operators need to accurately determine the open capacity to meet the access needs of market participants and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. The previous capacity calculation methods were relatively rough, mostly based on simplified models and static parameters, unable to track the dynamic changes of power grid operation conditions in real time, and difficult to comprehensively consider the interactive effects of multiple complex factors such as voltage, flow, stability, etc. Today, with the advancement of smart grid construction, advanced measurement technology provides rich real-time operation data, high-performance computing capabilities and the development of intelligent algorithms, making it possible to build a more accurate, real-time and comprehensive open capacity calculation system for power grids, so as to effectively respond to new challenges in power grid operation and management and improve the level of intelligent operation of power grids. Although the existing grid open capacity calculation system has made great progress, there are still some problems that need to be optimized. In the power market, it is difficult for grid operators to calculate the grid open capacity under different operating conditions through the grid open capacity calculation system, which affects the optimal allocation of power resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, a power grid open capacity calculation system includes a power grid data acquisition module, a power grid operation status processing module, an open capacity processing module and an open capacity output module; The power grid data acquisition module is used to obtain physical data and performance data of power grid equipment; The power grid operation status processing module is divided into a power grid data processing unit, a power grid data index processing unit and a power grid operation status classification unit, wherein the power grid data processing unit is used to pre-process the collected data and calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment operation; the power grid data index processing unit is used to obtain the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment; the power grid operation status classification unit is used to classify the power grid operation status according to the number of abnormal indicators of the power grid data; The openable capacity processing module is divided into an openable capacity calculation unit and an openable capacity output unit, wherein the openable capacity calculation unit is used to calculate the openable capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation status; the openable capacity output unit is used to construct an openable capacity output model of the power grid through a random forest model; The openable capacity output module outputs the openable capacity of the power grid under different power grid operating states.

[0004] Furthermore, the physical data of the power grid equipment is voltage data and current data of the power grid equipment, and the acquisition process thereof includes: The voltage transformer is connected to the power grid equipment in parallel to measure the voltage data of the power grid equipment; the current transformer is connected to the power grid equipment in series to measure the current data of the power grid equipment.

[0005] Furthermore, the power grid equipment performance data is the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment, and the acquisition process includes: Connect the secondary output of the voltage transformer to the voltage input channel of the power analyzer, connect the secondary output of the current transformer to the current input channel of the power analyzer, turn on the power analyzer, select the effective value measurement mode, and the power analyzer collects the effective value of the voltage, effective value of the current, and the angle between the voltage and current of the power grid equipment according to the sampling rate corresponding to the effective value measurement mode. The power analyzer then uses the phase method to calculate the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment: Among them, P is the active power of the power grid equipment; Q is the reactive power of the power grid equipment; U is the effective value of voltage; I is the effective value of current; is the angle between voltage and current.

[0006] Furthermore, the power grid data processing unit pre-processes the power grid operation data and calculates and obtains the power factor of the power grid equipment operation, and the process includes: Check the abnormal values ​​in the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment, remove and correct the abnormal values, and then standardize the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment; Use the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment to calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment. : Furthermore, the process of the power grid data index processing unit obtaining the index abnormality number in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment includes: A1. Determine the rated voltage for normal operation of the power grid according to the application scenario of the power grid and rated current ; A2. Set the actual voltage of the power grid equipment to 0.95 ~1.05 When the actual current of the power grid equipment is lower than the rated current, the voltage index of the power grid equipment is normal, otherwise the voltage index is abnormal. When the actual power factor of the power grid equipment is set to be higher than 0.9, the power index of the power grid equipment is normal when it is running, otherwise the power index is abnormal. Through the above indicators of normal operation of the power grid equipment, the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment is recorded.

[0007] Furthermore, the process of the power grid operation state classification unit classifying the power grid operation state according to the power grid data abnormality index number includes: By using the abnormal number of indicators in the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment, the power grid operation state is divided into normal state, warning state, emergency state and collapse state. When the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 0, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into normal state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 1, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into warning state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 2, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into emergency state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 3, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into collapse state.

[0008] Furthermore, the process of the openable capacity calculation unit calculating the openable capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation states includes: B1. When the power grid is operating normally, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid under normal operation of the power grid; Rated current of the power grid equipment; is the actual current of the power grid equipment; is the actual voltage of the power grid equipment; is the power factor; k is the safety margin coefficient, which ranges from 0.7 to 0.85; B2. When the power grid is in a state of alert, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid when the power grid is in alert operation state; is the warning adjustment coefficient, with a value between 0.1 and 0.3; B3. When the power grid is in an emergency state, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid in the emergency operation state; is the warning adjustment coefficient, with a value between 0.3 and 0.5; B4. When the power grid is in a state of collapse, the available capacity of the power grid is 0.

[0009] Furthermore, the process of constructing the open capacity output model of the power grid through the random forest model by the open capacity output unit includes: S1. Perform data cleaning and normalization on the grid operation status data and the corresponding calculated grid open capacity, divide the processed data into a training set and a test set, and select random forest parameters; S2. Use the training set data to train the random forest model, and obtain the mapping relationship between different power grid operation states and corresponding open capacity through ensemble learning according to the feature combination of different power grid operation states and their corresponding open capacity; S3. Use the test set data to evaluate the trained random forest model, calculate the evaluation indicators, obtain the degree of deviation and goodness of fit between the predicted value and the true value of the random forest model, further adjust the model parameters according to the evaluation results, and then deploy the adjusted random forest model to the power grid open capacity calculation system to obtain the power grid open capacity output model.

[0010] Furthermore, the process of the openable capacity output module outputting the openable capacity of the power grid under different power grid operation states includes: The corresponding grid operation status is obtained through the physical data and performance data of the grid equipment, and then the grid operation status is input into the grid open capacity output model to output the grid open capacity. When the grid is in normal operation, the output grid open capacity is between 40% and 70% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in a warning operation state, the output grid open capacity is between 20% and 40% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in an emergency operation state, the output grid open capacity is between 5% and 20% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in a collapsed operation state, the output grid open capacity is 0.

[0011] In a second aspect, a method for calculating the open capacity of a power grid is used to implement the above-mentioned open capacity calculation system of the power grid, and is composed of the following steps: Step 1: Use voltage transformers and current transformers to collect voltage data and current data of power grid equipment respectively; use power analyzers to collect active power and reactive power of power grid equipment; Step 2: pre-process the power grid operation data and calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment operation; Step 3: According to the application scenario of the power grid, set normal indicators of the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment, and record the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment; Step 4: Classify the power grid operation status according to the abnormal index number of power grid data; Step 5: Calculate the available capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation status; Step 6: Use the random forest model to build a grid open capacity output model; Step 7: Use the constructed grid open capacity output model to output the grid open capacity under different grid operating conditions.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the traditional power grid open capacity calculation system and method, the voltage transformer technology, current transformer technology and power analyzer technology in the system of the present invention are closely integrated with modern information technology, accurately capturing the voltage data, current data and active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment, and achieving real-time and comprehensive monitoring of the power grid open capacity calculation system. The power factor of the power grid equipment operation is obtained by calculation, and the normal indicators of the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment are set according to the application scenario of the power grid, and the abnormal number of indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment are recorded. According to the abnormal number of indicators, the power grid operation status is divided, and then the power grid open capacity calculation system is used to calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment. The invention can calculate the open capacity of the power grid, obtain the open capacity of the power grid corresponding to different power grid operating states, use the random forest algorithm to build a power grid open capacity output model, calculate the open capacity of the power grid corresponding to different operating states of the power grid in real time, and monitor the abnormality of the open capacity of the power grid in real time. It solves the problem that it is difficult for power grid operators in the power market to calculate the open capacity of the power grid in different operating states through the power grid open capacity calculation system, which affects the optimal allocation of power resources. It ensures that the method in the present invention can refine the dynamic monitoring standard of the transparent power grid open capacity calculation system within a more precise range, so that the monitored data becomes a more accurate indicator under the same conditions. The development and application of this method significantly enhances the intelligence level in the process of calculating the open capacity of the power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A block diagram of a system for calculating the open capacity of a power grid according to the present invention; Figure 2The present invention is a flow chart of the method for calculating the open capacity of a power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] The first embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a power grid open capacity calculation system, including a power grid data acquisition module, a power grid operation status processing module, an open capacity processing module and an open capacity output module; A power grid data acquisition module is used to obtain physical data and performance data of power grid equipment; The power grid operation status processing module is divided into a power grid data processing unit, a power grid data index processing unit and a power grid operation status classification unit, wherein the power grid data processing unit is used to pre-process the collected data and calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment operation; the power grid data index processing unit is used to obtain the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment; the power grid operation status classification unit is used to classify the power grid operation status according to the number of abnormal indicators of the power grid data; The open capacity processing module is divided into an open capacity calculation unit and an open capacity output unit, wherein the open capacity calculation unit is used to calculate the open capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation status; the open capacity output unit is used to construct an open capacity output model of the power grid through a random forest model; The open capacity output module outputs the open capacity of the power grid under different power grid operating conditions.

[0016] The physical data of the power grid equipment is the voltage data and current data of the power grid equipment, and the acquisition process includes: The voltage transformer is connected to the power grid equipment in parallel to measure the voltage data of the power grid equipment; the current transformer is connected to the power grid equipment in series to measure the current data of the power grid equipment.

[0017] The power grid equipment performance data is the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment. The acquisition process includes: Connect the secondary output of the voltage transformer to the voltage input channel of the power analyzer, connect the secondary output of the current transformer to the current input channel of the power analyzer, turn on the power analyzer, select the effective value measurement mode, and the power analyzer collects the effective value of the voltage, effective value of the current, and the angle between the voltage and current of the power grid equipment according to the sampling rate corresponding to the effective value measurement mode. The power analyzer then uses the phase method to calculate the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment: Among them, P is the active power of the power grid equipment; Q is the reactive power of the power grid equipment; U is the effective value of voltage; I is the effective value of current; is the angle between voltage and current.

[0018] The power grid data processing unit pre-processes the power grid operation data and calculates and obtains the power factor of the power grid equipment operation. The process includes: Check the abnormal values ​​in the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment, remove and correct the abnormal values, and then standardize the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment; Use the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment to calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment. : The process of the power grid data index processing unit obtaining the abnormal number of indexes in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment includes: A1. Determine the rated voltage for normal operation of the power grid according to the application scenario of the power grid and rated current ; A2. Set the actual voltage of the power grid equipment to 0.95 ~1.05 When the actual current of the power grid equipment is lower than the rated current, the voltage index of the power grid equipment is normal, otherwise the voltage index is abnormal. When the actual power factor of the power grid equipment is set to be higher than 0.9, the power index of the power grid equipment is normal when it is running, otherwise the power index is abnormal. Through the above indicators of normal operation of the power grid equipment, the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment is recorded.

[0019] The grid operation status classification unit classifies the grid operation status according to the abnormality index number of the grid data, and the process includes: By using the abnormal number of indicators in the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment, the power grid operation state is divided into normal state, warning state, emergency state and collapse state. When the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 0, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into normal state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 1, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into warning state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 2, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into emergency state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 3, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into collapse state.

[0020] The process of calculating the open capacity calculation unit for calculating the open capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation status includes: B1. When the power grid is operating normally, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid under normal operation of the power grid; Rated current of the power grid equipment; is the actual current of the power grid equipment; is the actual voltage of the power grid equipment; is the power factor; k is the safety margin coefficient, which ranges from 0.7 to 0.85; B2. When the power grid is in a state of alert, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid when the power grid is in alert operation state; is the warning adjustment coefficient, with a value between 0.1 and 0.3; B3. When the power grid is in an emergency state, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid in the emergency operation state; is the warning adjustment coefficient, with a value between 0.3 and 0.5; B4. When the power grid is in a state of collapse, the available capacity of the power grid is 0.

[0021] The process of constructing the open capacity output model of the power grid through the random forest model includes: S1. Perform data cleaning and normalization on the grid operation status data and the corresponding calculated grid open capacity, divide the processed data into a training set and a test set, and select random forest parameters; S2. Use the training set data to train the random forest model, and obtain the mapping relationship between different power grid operation states and corresponding open capacity through ensemble learning according to the feature combination of different power grid operation states and their corresponding open capacity; S3. Use the test set data to evaluate the trained random forest model, calculate the evaluation indicators, obtain the degree of deviation and goodness of fit between the predicted value and the true value of the random forest model, further adjust the model parameters according to the evaluation results, and then deploy the adjusted random forest model to the power grid open capacity calculation system to obtain the power grid open capacity output model.

[0022] The process of outputting the open capacity output module and outputting the open capacity of the power grid under different power grid operation states includes: The corresponding grid operation status is obtained through the physical data and performance data of the grid equipment, and then the grid operation status is input into the grid open capacity output model to output the grid open capacity. When the grid is in normal operation, the output grid open capacity is between 40% and 70% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in a warning operation state, the output grid open capacity is between 20% and 40% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in an emergency operation state, the output grid open capacity is between 5% and 20% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in a collapsed operation state, the output grid open capacity is 0.

[0023] The second embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a method for calculating the open capacity of a power grid, which is used to implement the open capacity calculation system of a power grid, and is composed of the following steps: Step 1: Use voltage transformers and current transformers to collect voltage data and current data of power grid equipment respectively; use power analyzers to collect active power and reactive power of power grid equipment; Step 2: pre-process the power grid operation data and calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment operation; Step 3: According to the application scenario of the power grid, set normal indicators of the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment, and record the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment; Step 4: Classify the power grid operation status according to the abnormal index number of power grid data; Step 5: Calculate the available capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation status; Step 6: Use the random forest model to build a grid open capacity output model; Step 7: Use the constructed grid open capacity output model to output the grid open capacity under different grid operating conditions.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions. The sentence "includes an element defined by ... does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element".

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power grid open capacity calculation system, comprising a power grid data acquisition module, a power grid operation status processing module, an open capacity processing module and an open capacity output module, characterized in that: The power grid data acquisition module is used to obtain physical data and performance data of power grid equipment; The power grid operation status processing module is divided into a power grid data processing unit, a power grid data index processing unit and a power grid operation status classification unit, wherein the power grid data processing unit is used to pre-process the collected data and calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment operation; the power grid data index processing unit is used to obtain the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment; the power grid operation status classification unit is used to classify the power grid operation status according to the number of abnormal indicators of the power grid data; The openable capacity processing module is divided into an openable capacity calculation unit and an openable capacity output unit, wherein the openable capacity calculation unit is used to calculate the openable capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation status; the openable capacity output unit is used to construct an openable capacity output model of the power grid through a random forest model; The openable capacity output module outputs the openable capacity of the power grid under different power grid operating states.

2. The grid open capacity calculation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical data of the power grid equipment is the voltage data and current data of the power grid equipment, and the acquisition process includes: The voltage transformer is connected to the power grid equipment in parallel to measure the voltage data of the power grid equipment; the current transformer is connected to the power grid equipment in series to measure the current data of the power grid equipment.

3. The grid open capacity calculation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power grid equipment performance data is the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment, and the acquisition process includes: Connect the secondary output of the voltage transformer to the voltage input channel of the power analyzer, connect the secondary output of the current transformer to the current input channel of the power analyzer, turn on the power analyzer, select the effective value measurement mode, and the power analyzer collects the effective value of the voltage, effective value of the current, and the angle between the voltage and current of the power grid equipment according to the sampling rate corresponding to the effective value measurement mode. The power analyzer then uses the phase method to calculate the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment: Among them, P is the active power of the power grid equipment; Q is the reactive power of the power grid equipment; U is the effective value of voltage; I is the effective value of current; is the angle between voltage and current.

4. The system for calculating the open capacity of a power grid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power grid data processing unit pre-processes the power grid operation data and calculates and obtains the power factor of the power grid equipment operation, and the process includes: Check the abnormal values ​​in the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment, remove and correct the abnormal values, and then standardize the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment; Use the active power and reactive power of the power grid equipment to calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment. : 。 5. The grid open capacity calculation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of the power grid data index processing unit obtaining the index abnormality number in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment includes: A1. Determine the rated voltage for normal operation of the power grid according to the application scenario of the power grid and rated current ; A2. Set the actual voltage of the power grid equipment to 0.95 ~1.05 When the actual current of the power grid equipment is lower than the rated current, the voltage index of the power grid equipment is normal, otherwise the voltage index is abnormal. When the actual power factor of the power grid equipment is set to be higher than 0.9, the power index of the power grid equipment is normal when it is running, otherwise the power index is abnormal. Through the above indicators of normal operation of the power grid equipment, the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment is recorded.

6. The grid open capacity calculation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of the power grid operation state classification unit classifying the power grid operation state according to the power grid data abnormality index number includes: By using the abnormal number of indicators in the physical data and performance data of the power grid equipment, the power grid operation state is divided into normal state, warning state, emergency state and collapse state. When the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 0, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into normal state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 1, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into warning state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 2, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into emergency state; when the abnormal number of indicators of the power grid equipment is 3, the corresponding power grid operation state is divided into collapse state.

7. The grid open capacity calculation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of the openable capacity calculation unit calculating the openable capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation states respectively includes: B1. When the power grid is operating normally, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid under normal operation of the power grid; Rated current of the power grid equipment; is the actual current of the power grid equipment; is the actual voltage of the power grid equipment; is the power factor; k is the safety margin coefficient, which ranges from 0.7 to 0.85; B2. When the power grid is in a state of alert, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid when the power grid is in alert operation state; is the warning adjustment coefficient, with a value between 0.1 and 0.3; B3. When the power grid is in an emergency state, the calculation formula for open capacity is: in, The capacity that can be opened by the power grid in the emergency operation state; is the warning adjustment coefficient, with a value between 0.3 and 0.5; B4. When the power grid is in a state of collapse, the available capacity of the power grid is 0.

8. The grid open capacity calculation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of constructing the open capacity output model of the power grid through the random forest model by the open capacity output unit includes: S1. Perform data cleaning and normalization on the grid operation status data and the corresponding calculated grid open capacity, divide the processed data into a training set and a test set, and select random forest parameters; S2. Use the training set data to train the random forest model, and obtain the mapping relationship between different power grid operation states and corresponding open capacity through ensemble learning according to the feature combination of different power grid operation states and their corresponding open capacity; S3. Use the test set data to evaluate the trained random forest model, calculate the evaluation indicators, obtain the degree of deviation and goodness of fit between the predicted value and the true value of the random forest model, further adjust the model parameters according to the evaluation results, and then deploy the adjusted random forest model to the power grid open capacity calculation system to obtain the power grid open capacity output model.

9. The grid open capacity calculation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of the openable capacity output module outputting the openable capacity of the power grid under different power grid operation states includes: The corresponding grid operation status is obtained through the physical data and performance data of the grid equipment, and then the grid operation status is input into the grid open capacity output model to output the grid open capacity. When the grid is in normal operation, the output grid open capacity is between 40% and 70% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in a warning operation state, the output grid open capacity is between 20% and 40% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in an emergency operation state, the output grid open capacity is between 5% and 20% of the maximum grid capacity; when the grid is in a collapsed operation state, the output grid open capacity is 0.

10. A method for calculating the open capacity of a power grid, used to implement the system for calculating the open capacity of a power grid as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It consists of the following steps: Step 1: Use voltage transformers and current transformers to collect voltage data and current data of power grid equipment respectively; use power analyzers to collect active power and reactive power of power grid equipment; Step 2: pre-process the power grid operation data and calculate the power factor of the power grid equipment operation; Step 3: According to the application scenario of the power grid, set normal indicators of the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment, and record the number of abnormal indicators in the physical data of the power grid equipment and the performance data of the power grid equipment; Step 4: Classify the power grid operation status according to the abnormal index number of power grid data; Step 5: Calculate the available capacity of the power grid corresponding to the power grid operation status; Step 6: Use the random forest model to build a grid open capacity output model; Step 7: Use the constructed grid open capacity output model to output the grid open capacity under different grid operating conditions.

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