A photo-thermal pumped hydro compressed air hybrid energy storage system and method of operation

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of photothermal pumped compressed air hybrid energy storage systems and operating method, belong to energy storage technical field.The compressor, water turbine generator unit, heat absorption tower, steam turbine, first water pump, third water pump, fourth water pump, first water pool, water-gas co-container, second water pool, third water pool, first circulating water pipe and second circulating water pipe, water-gas co-container is connected to form pressure regulating system with compressor, water-gas co-container, water turbine generator unit, first water pool are sequentially connected to form energy release system, first circulating water pipe is arranged in heat absorption tower, second circulating water pipe is arranged in water-gas co-container, second circulating water pipe, second water pool, third water pump, first circulating water pipe, steam turbine, third water pool, fourth water pump are sequentially connected to form photothermal drive system.The present application combines pumped storage, compressed air energy storage and photothermal power generation technology, realizes the full use of photovoltaic resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system and its operation method, belonging to the field of energy storage technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the gradual depletion of fossil fuels globally, renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power have experienced rapid development. However, the power generation characteristics of wind and solar energy are subject to significant uncertainties, making it difficult to guarantee stable power output. Therefore, the development of energy storage devices has become an important way to improve the efficiency of renewable energy utilization and enhance grid stability.

[0003] With technological advancements and growing market demand, the installed capacity of technologies such as pumped hydro storage, lithium-ion batteries, and compressed air energy storage has rapidly expanded. Pumped hydro storage technology boasts advantages such as technological maturity, economic efficiency, and high round-trip efficiency, and it possesses a regulation capacity twice its installed capacity, effectively absorbing wind and solar energy. However, it suffers from site selection limitations. To address this issue, inventions such as CN114754519B (published under the title "A Pumped Hydro Storage System and Method Utilizing Geothermal Wells for Energy Storage") and CN107990772A (published under the title "An Energy Storage and Release Device") propose a pumped hydro storage system that utilizes geothermal energy. Furthermore, CN116086226B (published under the title "A Water-Gas Heat Exchange System and Method for Pumped Hydro Storage") and CN107990772A (published under the title "An Energy Storage and Release Device") also propose a pumped hydro storage system incorporating phase change thermal storage. However, it only utilizes pumped compressed air for energy storage and does not utilize solar thermal power generation, which affects the operating efficiency of the pumped compressed air hybrid energy storage system during the power generation process.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system and its operation method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, a hybrid solar-thermal pumped-water compressed air energy storage system and its operating method are provided. A brief overview of the invention is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention:

[0007] A solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system includes a compressor, a hydro-generator set, a heat absorption tower, a steam turbine, a first water pump, a third water pump, a fourth water pump, a first water tank, a water-air co-containment tank, a second water tank, a third water tank, a first circulating water pipe, and a second circulating water pipe. The water-air co-containment tank is connected to the compressor to form a pressure regulating system. The water-air co-containment tank, the hydro-generator set, and the first water tank are sequentially connected to form an energy release system. The heat absorption tower is equipped with a first circulating water pipe, and the water-air co-containment tank is equipped with a second circulating water pipe. The second circulating water pipe, the second water tank, the third water pump, the first circulating water pipe, the steam turbine, the third water tank, and the fourth water pump are sequentially connected to form a drive system. The first water tank, the first water pump, and the water-air co-containment tank are sequentially connected to form an electric drive system.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure regulating system also includes a first electric valve, and the upper part of the water-gas co-containment tank is provided with an air hole. The compressor is connected to the air hole of the water-gas co-containment tank through the first electric valve.

[0009] Preferably, the energy release system also includes a second accumulator, a tenth electric valve, an eleventh electric valve, and a twelfth electric valve. The lower part of the water-gas co-containment tank is provided with an outlet and an inlet. The outlet of the water-gas co-containment tank, the tenth electric valve, the water turbine generator set, the eleventh electric valve, the second accumulator, and the first water tank are connected in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the solar thermal drive system further includes a sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth electric valves, with the second circulating water pipe outlet, the fifteenth electric valve, the second water tank, the sixth electric valve, the third water pump, the seventh electric valve, the first circulating water pipe, the eighth electric valve, the steam turbine, the ninth electric valve, the third water tank, the thirteenth electric valve, the fourth water pump, the fourteenth electric valve, and the second circulating water pipe inlet connected in sequence. The electric drive system further includes a first accumulator, a second electric valve, and a fourth electric valve; the inlet of the water-gas co-containment tank, the fourth electric valve, the first accumulator, and the first water pump connected in sequence; the inlet and outlet of the first accumulator are equipped with second electric valves, and the inlet and outlet of the second accumulator are equipped with twelfth electric valves.

[0011] Preferably, both the first circulating water pipe and the second circulating water pipe are spiral pipes;

[0012] The first water tank has a lower inlet and a side outlet. The inlet of the first water tank is connected to the second accumulator, and the outlet of the first water tank is connected to the first water pump. The second water tank has an upper inlet and a lower outlet. The inlet of the second water tank is connected to the fifteenth electric valve, and the outlet of the second water tank is connected to the sixth electric valve. The third water tank has a lower outlet and an inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the photothermal drive system also includes one or more reflectors, which are positioned below the heat absorption tower.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a second water pump, a third electric valve, a fifth electric valve, and a spraying device. The spraying device is installed inside the water-air co-containment tank and is located above the second circulating water pipe. The third electric valve, the second water pump, the fifth electric valve, and the spraying device are connected in sequence to form a cooling system. The inlet end of the third electric valve is connected to the pipeline between the fourth electric valve and the first accumulator.

[0015] Preferably, the system also includes a pressure sensor and a level sensor. The upper and lower parts of the water-gas co-containment tank are respectively equipped with a pressure sensor and a level sensor. The pressure sensor is located in the upper part of the water-gas co-containment tank, and the level sensor is located in the lower part of the water-gas co-containment tank.

[0016] An operating method for a solar-thermal-pumped-water-compressed-air hybrid energy storage system, employing the aforementioned solar-thermal-pumped-water-compressed-air hybrid energy storage system, includes the following steps:

[0017] Pre-stressed working conditions;

[0018] Water pump pumping and energy storage operation;

[0019] Concentrated solar power generation operating conditions;

[0020] Hydropower generator unit power generation conditions;

[0021] Parallel power generation of solar thermal and hydroelectric generator units.

[0022] Preferred: Pressure pre-conditioning: Under this condition, the first electric valve opens, the compressor starts, and compressed air is filled into the water-air co-containment tank until the pressure measured by the pressure sensor reaches the set lower limit pressure p1;

[0023] Water pump pumping and energy storage operation: The second, third, fourth, and fifth electric valves are open, and the other valves are closed; the first water pump draws water from the first water tank into the water-air co-containment tank to compress air for energy storage. When the air pressure measured by the pressure sensor in the tank reaches the set upper limit pressure p2, the water pump pumping and energy storage process ends; during energy storage, a small portion of the water drawn by the first water pump is drawn by the second water pump and sprayed at the spraying equipment; wherein, the upper limit pressure p2 is greater than the lower limit pressure p1, and the lower limit pressure p1 is greater than atmospheric pressure;

[0024] Solar thermal power generation mode: When solar irradiance is abundant, the system operates in solar thermal power generation mode. The sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth electric valves are open, while other valves are closed. Reflectors reflect sunlight onto the top of the heat absorber tower, heating the molten salt filling the tower, causing the molten salt temperature to rise. Simultaneously, the third water pump draws water from the second water tank into the first circulating water pipe installed at the top of the heat absorber tower. As the water flows through the first circulating water pipe, it absorbs heat from the molten salt and transforms into water vapor. The resulting water vapor flows through the turbine to generate electricity, then cools down, liquefies back into water, and is subsequently discharged into the third water tank for storage.

[0025] Hydro-generator unit power generation condition: When the air pressure in the water-air co-containment tank is greater than the lower limit pressure p1, the system can operate in the hydro-generator unit power generation condition; the tenth electric valve, the eleventh electric valve, and the twelfth electric valve are open, and the other valves are closed; the water at the bottom of the water-air co-containment tank flows out to the hydro-generator unit to generate electricity;

[0026] Parallel power generation mode of solar thermal and hydro turbine generator sets: When solar irradiance is abundant, the system can operate in the parallel power generation mode of solar thermal and hydro turbine generator sets. In this mode, the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth electric valves are open, while the other valves are closed. The water at the bottom of the water-air co-containment tank flows out to the hydro turbine generator set to generate electricity, and the water after power generation returns to the first water pool. As the water continuously flows out, the air in the water-air co-containment tank expands, and the air pressure decreases. When the air expands, it absorbs heat, and the air temperature decreases.

[0027] Meanwhile, the reflector reflects sunlight to the heat absorption tower to heat the molten salt. The third water pump draws water from the second water tank to the heat absorption tower, where it absorbs heat from the molten salt. The water is then discharged through the outlet of the first circulating water pipe to the steam turbine to generate electricity. The steam generated is cooled into water and returned to the third water tank. The water returning to the third water tank still contains a certain amount of heat and is hot.

[0028] Start the fourth water pump to draw warm water from the third water tank into the second circulating water pipe in the water-air co-containment tank, thereby heating the air inside the water-air co-containment tank.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention combines pumped hydro storage, compressed air energy storage, and solar thermal power generation technologies to achieve full utilization of photovoltaic resources.

[0031] This invention improves upon the problem of limited site selection for pumped storage, allowing for flexible site selection; it also features multiple operating conditions and can adapt well to climate and power grid usage.

[0032] This invention improves the thermodynamic performance of the water-gas co-containment tank by installing a spray device on the top of the water-gas co-containment tank during water pumping and energy storage by diverting the water during pumping.

[0033] This invention improves the thermodynamic performance of the tank under the condition of parallel power generation of solar thermal and hydro turbine generator sets by introducing the waste heat from solar thermal power generation into the water-gas co-containment tank.

[0034] This invention does not rely on fossil fuels, making it environmentally friendly; it is easy to construct in a modular manner with a short construction period; and the system can operate safely, stably, and efficiently. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operation method of a pre-pressure working condition of a solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation method of a solar thermal pumped compressed air hybrid energy storage system under pumped water storage conditions, as described in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation method of a solar thermal power generation system in a solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation method of a hydro-generator unit in a solar thermal pumped compressed air hybrid energy storage system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation method of a solar thermal pumped compressed air hybrid energy storage system under parallel power generation conditions of solar thermal and hydro turbine generator sets, as described in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram, 11-first water pump, 12-second water pump, 13-third water pump, 14-fourth water pump, 21-first water tank, 22-water-air co-containment tank, 23-second water tank, 24-third water tank, 3-accumulator, 401-first electric valve, 402-second electric valve, 403-third electric valve, 404-fourth electric valve, 405-fifth electric valve, 406-sixth electric valve, 407-seventh electric valve, 408-eighth electric valve, 409-ninth electric valve. Valve, 410-Tenth Electric Valve, 411-Eleventh Electric Valve, 412-Twelfth Electric Valve, 413-Thirteenth Electric Valve, 414-Fourteenth Electric Valve, 415-Fifteenth Electric Valve, 5-Spraying Equipment, 6-Compressor, 7-Hydropower Generator Set, 8-Heat Absorber Tower, 91-First Circulating Water Pipe, 92-Second Circulating Water Pipe, 10-Steam Turbine, 111-First Reflector, 112-Second Reflector, 121-Pressure Sensor, 122-Level Sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0043] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figure 1 This embodiment describes a solar thermal pumped-water compressed air hybrid energy storage system, comprising a compressor 6, a water turbine generator set 7, a heat absorption tower 8, a steam turbine 10, a first water pump 11, a third water pump 13, a fourth water pump 14, a first water tank 21, a water-air co-containment tank 22, a second water tank 23, a third water tank 24, a first circulating water pipe 91, and a second circulating water pipe 92. The water-air co-containment tank 22 is connected to the compressor 6 to form a pressure regulating system. The water-air co-containment tank 22, the water turbine... The generator set 7 and the first water tank 21 are connected in sequence to form an energy release system. The heat absorption tower 8 is equipped with a first circulating water pipe 91, and the water-gas co-containment tank 22 is equipped with a second circulating water pipe 92. The second circulating water pipe 92, the second water tank 23, the third water pump 13, the first circulating water pipe 91, the steam turbine 10, the third water tank 24, and the fourth water pump 14 are connected in sequence to form a solar thermal drive system. The first water tank 21, the first water pump 11, and the water-gas co-containment tank 22 are connected in sequence to form an electric drive system.

[0044] The pressure regulating system also includes a first electric valve 401, and an air hole is provided on the upper part of the water-gas co-containment tank 22. The outlet of the compressor 6 is connected to the air hole of the water-gas co-containment tank 22 through the first electric valve 401 via a pipeline.

[0045] The energy release system also includes a second accumulator 32, a tenth electric valve 410, an eleventh electric valve 411 and a twelfth electric valve 412. The lower part of the water-gas co-containment tank 22 is provided with an outlet and an inlet. The outlet of the water-gas co-containment tank 22, the tenth electric valve 410, the water turbine generator set 7, the eleventh electric valve 411, the second accumulator 32 and the first water pool 21 are connected in sequence through pipelines.

[0046] The solar thermal drive system also includes a sixth electric valve 406, a seventh electric valve 407, an eighth electric valve 408, a ninth electric valve 409, a thirteenth electric valve 413, a fourteenth electric valve 414, and a fifteenth electric valve 415; a second circulating water pipe 92 outlet; a fifteenth electric valve 415; a second water tank 23; a sixth electric valve 406; a third water pump 13; a seventh electric valve 407; a first circulating water pipe 91; an eighth electric valve 408; a steam turbine 10; a ninth electric valve 409; and a third water tank 24. The thirteenth electric valve 413, the fourth water pump 14, the fourteenth electric valve 414, and the inlet of the second circulating water pipe 92 are connected in sequence; the electric drive system also includes the first accumulator 31, the second electric valve 402, the fourth electric valve 404, the inlet of the water-air co-containment tank 22, the fourth electric valve 404, the first accumulator 31, and the first water pump 11 are connected in sequence through pipelines. The inlet and outlet of the first accumulator 31 are equipped with the second electric valve 402, and the inlet and outlet of the second accumulator 32 are equipped with the twelfth electric valve 412.

[0047] Both the first circulating water pipe 91 and the second circulating water pipe 92 are spiral pipes;

[0048] The first water tank 21 has a lower inlet and a side outlet. The inlet of the first water tank 21 is connected to the second accumulator 32, and the outlet of the first water tank 21 is connected to the first water pump 11. The second water tank 23 has an upper inlet and a lower outlet. The inlet of the second water tank 23 is connected to the fifteenth electric valve 415, and the outlet of the second water tank 23 is connected to the sixth electric valve 406. The third water tank 24 has a lower outlet and an inlet.

[0049] The photothermal drive system also includes one or more reflectors, namely a first reflector 111 and a second reflector 112, which are located below the heat absorption tower 8.

[0050] It also includes a second water pump 12, a third electric valve 403, a fifth electric valve 405 and a spray device 5. The spray device 5 is installed at the top of the water-air co-containment tank 22 and is located above the second circulating water pipe 92. The third electric valve 403, the second water pump 12, the fifth electric valve 405 and the spray device 5 are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a cooling system. The inlet end of the third electric valve 403 is connected to the pipeline between the fourth electric valve 404 and the first accumulator 31 through a thin pipe.

[0051] It also includes a pressure sensor 121 and a liquid level sensor 122. The pressure sensor 121 and the liquid level sensor 122 are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts of the inner wall of the water-gas co-containment tank 22. The pressure sensor 121 is located in the upper part of the water-gas co-containment tank 22, and the liquid level sensor 122 is located in the lower part of the water-gas co-containment tank 22.

[0052] This invention further combines solar thermal power generation technology with pumped compressed air energy storage technology, making full use of the waste heat generated by the solar thermal power generation device, improving the operating efficiency of the pumped compressed air hybrid energy storage system during the power generation process, expanding the application scenarios of pumped compressed air hybrid energy storage technology, and having a reasonable structural design that facilitates maintenance.

[0053] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 2-6 This embodiment describes the operation method of a solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system. The system employs the aforementioned solar thermal pumped water compressed air hybrid energy storage system (hereinafter referred to as the system). The first water pump 11 includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the first water tank 21, and the outlet is connected to the first accumulator 31 and then branches off. One branch pipe is connected to the spray device 5 at the top of the water-air co-containment tank 22 via the pipe containing the second water pump 12. This branch pipe has a small diameter and only uses a small amount of water flow for spray cooling. The other branch pipe is connected to the inlet at the bottom of the water-air co-containment tank 22.

[0054] Another inlet at the top of the water-air co-containment tank 22 is connected to the compressor 6 via a pipe; the compressor 6 can fill the water-air co-containment tank 22 with compressed air;

[0055] The water turbine generator set 7 includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the water-air co-containment tank 22, and the outlet end is connected to the second accumulator 32 and then to the first water tank 21.

[0056] The third water pump 13 includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end is connected to the bottom of the second water tank 23, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet of the first circulating water pipe 91 coiled inside the heat absorption tower 8.

[0057] The steam turbine 10 includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the outlet of the first circulating water pipe 91 inside the heat absorption tower 8. The outlet of the steam turbine 10 is connected to the inlet at the bottom of the third water tank 24.

[0058] The fourth water pump 14 includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the third water tank 24, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet of the second circulating water pipe 92 coiled inside the water-air co-containment tank 22.

[0059] The heat-absorbing tower 8 has one or more first reflectors 111 and second reflectors 112 at its lower part, which can reflect sunlight to the top of the heat-absorbing tower 8. The heat-absorbing tower 8 is filled with molten salt, which can fully absorb the heat carried by the sunlight reflected by the reflectors; a first circulating water pipe 91 is coiled inside the heat-absorbing tower 8.

[0060] A pressure sensor 121 is installed on the upper part of one side of the water-gas co-containment tank 22, and a liquid level sensor 122 is installed on the lower part; a second circulating water pipe 92 is installed inside the water-gas co-containment tank 22.

[0061] The method includes the following steps:

[0062] Pressure pre-conditioning: Under this condition, the first electric valve 401 opens, the compressor 6 starts, and compressed air is filled into the water-gas co-containment tank 22 until the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 121 reaches the set lower limit pressure p1.

[0063] Water pump pumping and energy storage operation: Second electric valve 402, third electric valve 403, fourth electric valve 404 and fifth electric valve 405 are open, and other valves are closed; First water pump 11 pumps water from the first water tank 21 into the water-air co-containment tank 22 to compress air for energy storage. When the air pressure measured by the pressure sensor 121 in the tank reaches the set upper limit pressure p2, the water pump pumping and energy storage process ends; First accumulator 31 can be used to reduce water hammer pressure caused by valve opening and closing or changes in operating conditions; During energy storage, a small portion of the water pumped by the first water pump 11 is pumped by the second water pump 12 into the spray device 5 for spraying to reduce the temperature rise during air compression; Wherein, the upper limit pressure p2 is greater than the lower limit pressure p1, and the lower limit pressure p1 is greater than atmospheric pressure;

[0064] Solar thermal power generation mode: When solar irradiance is abundant, the system operates in solar thermal power generation mode. The sixth electric valve 406, the seventh electric valve 407, the eighth electric valve 408, and the ninth electric valve 409 are open, while other valves are closed. The first reflector 111 and the second reflector 112 reflect sunlight onto the top of the heat-absorbing tower 8, heating the molten salt filled inside the tower, causing the molten salt temperature to rise. Simultaneously, the third water pump 13 draws water from the second water tank 23 into the first circulating water pipe 91 installed at the top of the heat-absorbing tower 8. As the water flows through the first circulating water pipe 91, it absorbs heat from the molten salt and transforms into water vapor. The formed water vapor flows through the turbine 10 to generate electricity, then its temperature decreases, and it liquefies back into water, which is then discharged into the third water tank 24 for storage.

[0065] Hydropower generation: When the air pressure in the water-air co-containment tank 22 is greater than the lower limit pressure p1, the system can operate in the hydropower generation mode; the tenth electric valve 410, the eleventh electric valve 411 and the twelfth electric valve 412 are opened, and the other valves are closed; the water at the bottom of the water-air co-containment tank 22 flows out to the hydropower generator 7 to generate electricity; the second accumulator 32 can be used to reduce the water hammer pressure caused by the opening and closing of the guide vanes and the opening and closing of the valves of the hydropower generator;

[0066] Parallel power generation of solar thermal and hydroelectric generator sets: When solar irradiance is abundant, the system can operate in the parallel power generation mode of solar thermal and hydroelectric generator sets. In this mode, the sixth electric valve 406, the seventh electric valve 407, the eighth electric valve 408, the ninth electric valve 409, the tenth electric valve 410, the eleventh electric valve 411, the twelfth electric valve 412, the thirteenth electric valve 413, and the fourteenth electric valve 414 are open, while the other valves are closed. The water at the bottom of the water-air co-containment tank 22 flows out to the hydroelectric generator set 7 to generate electricity, and the water after power generation returns to the first water pool 21. As the water continuously flows out, the air in the water-air co-containment tank 22 expands, and the air pressure decreases. When the air expands, it absorbs heat, and the air temperature decreases.

[0067] Meanwhile, the first reflector 111 and the second reflector 112 reflect sunlight to the heat absorption tower 8 to heat the molten salt. The third water pump 13 draws water from the second water pool 23 to the heat absorption tower 8, absorbs heat from the molten salt, and then discharges it through the outlet of the first circulating water pipe 91 to the steam turbine 10 to generate electricity. The steam generated is cooled into water and returned to the third water pool 24. The water returning to the third water pool 24 still contains a certain amount of heat and is hot water.

[0068] The fourth water pump 14 is started to draw warm water from the third water tank 24 into the second circulating water pipe 92 in the water-air co-containment tank 22, thereby heating the air in the water-air co-containment tank 22, making full use of the residual heat from solar thermal power generation, and improving the round-trip efficiency of the entire system.

[0069] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be permuted and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination. Therefore, the present invention will not describe the technical solutions after permutation and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutation and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid energy storage system of photothermal pumped hydro compressed air, characterized in that: The system comprises a compressor (6), a water turbine generator set (7), an absorption tower (8), a steam turbine (10), a first water pump (11), a third water pump (13), a fourth water pump (14), a first water pool (21), a water-gas co-container (22), a second water pool (23), a third water pool (24), a first circulating water pipe (91) and a second circulating water pipe (92), the water-gas co-container (22) is connected with the compressor (6) to form a pressure regulating system, the water-gas co-container (22), the water turbine generator set (7) and the first water pool (21) are sequentially connected to form an energy releasing system, the first circulating water pipe (91) is arranged in the absorption tower (8), the second circulating water pipe (92) is arranged in the water-gas co-container (22), the second circulating water pipe (92), the second water pool (23), the third water pump (13), the first circulating water pipe (91), the steam turbine (10), the third water pool (24) and the fourth water pump (14) are sequentially connected to form a photo-thermal driving system, and the first water pool (21), the first water pump (11) and the water-gas co-container (22) are sequentially connected to form an electric driving system. The pressure regulating system further comprises a first electric valve (401), the upper portion of the water-gas co-container (22) is provided with a gas hole, and the compressor (6) is connected with the gas hole of the water-gas co-container (22) through the first electric valve (401); The energy releasing system further comprises a second energy accumulator (32), a tenth electric valve (410), an eleventh electric valve (411) and a twelfth electric valve (412), the lower portion of the water-gas co-container (22) is provided with an outlet and an inlet, and the outlet of the water-gas co-container (22), the tenth electric valve (410), the water turbine generator set (7), the eleventh electric valve (411), the second energy accumulator (32) and the first water pool (21) are sequentially connected; The photo-thermal driving system further comprises a sixth electric valve (406), a seventh electric valve (407), an eighth electric valve (408), a ninth electric valve (409), a thirteenth electric valve (413), a fourteenth electric valve (414) and a fifteenth electric valve (415), the outlet of the second circulating water pipe (92), the fifteenth electric valve (415), the second water pool (23), the sixth electric valve (406), the third water pump (13), the seventh electric valve (407), the first circulating water pipe (91), the eighth electric valve (408), the steam turbine (10), the ninth electric valve (409), the third water pool (24), the thirteenth electric valve (413), the fourth water pump (14), the fourteenth electric valve (414) and the inlet of the second circulating water pipe (92) are sequentially connected, the electric driving system further comprises a first energy accumulator (31), a second electric valve (402) and a fourth electric valve (404), the inlet of the water-gas co-container (22), the fourth electric valve (404), the first energy accumulator (31) and the first water pump (11) are sequentially connected, the outlet and the inlet of the first energy accumulator (31) are provided with the second electric valve (402), and the outlet and the inlet of the second energy accumulator (32) are provided with the twelfth electric valve (412).

2. A hybrid energy storage system of OTEC and compressed air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first circulating water pipe (91) and the second circulating water pipe (92) are spiral pipes. The first water tank (21) has a lower inlet and a side outlet, the inlet of the first water tank (21) is connected with the second accumulator (32), the outlet of the first water tank (21) is connected with the first water pump (11), the second water tank (23) has an upper inlet and a lower outlet, the inlet of the second water tank (23) is connected with the fifteenth electric valve (415), the outlet of the second water tank (23) is connected with the sixth electric valve (406), and the third water tank (24) has a lower outlet and an inlet.

3. A hybrid energy storage system of PHS and compressed air according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photo-thermal driving system further comprises one or more than one light-reflecting plate arranged below the heat-absorbing tower (8).

4. A hybrid energy storage system of the PTC type according to claim 3, characterized in that: The system further comprises a second water pump (12), a third electric valve (403), a fifth electric valve (405) and a spraying device (5), wherein the spraying device (5) is arranged in the water-gas coexistence tank (22), the spraying device (5) is located above the second circulating water pipe (92), the third electric valve (403), the second water pump (12), the fifth electric valve (405) and the spraying device (5) are sequentially connected to form a cooling system, and the inlet end of the third electric valve (403) is connected with a pipeline between the fourth electric valve (404) and the first accumulator (31).

5. A hybrid energy storage system of OTEC and compressed air according to claim 4, characterized in that: The system further comprises a pressure sensor (121) and a liquid level sensor (122), wherein the upper portion and the lower portion of the water-gas coexistence tank (22) are respectively provided with the pressure sensor (121) and the liquid level sensor (122), the pressure sensor (121) is located at the upper portion of the water-gas coexistence tank (22), and the liquid level sensor (122) is located at the lower portion of the water-gas coexistence tank (22).

6. A method of operating a photo-thermal pumped hydro compressed air hybrid energy storage system, characterized by: The photo-thermal water-pumping compressed air hybrid energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-5 comprises the following steps: Pressure pre-preparation working condition; Water-pumping energy storage working condition; Photo-thermal power generation working condition; Hydroelectric generator set power generation working condition; Photo-thermal and hydroelectric generator set parallel power generation working condition.

7. The method of operating a hybrid energy storage system of claim 6, wherein: Pressure pre-conditioning: in this condition, the first electric valve (401) is open, the compressor (6) is started and compressed air is filled into the water-air coexistence tank (22) until the pressure measured by the pressure sensor (121) reaches the set lower limit pressure p 1; Water pump pumping energy storage condition: the second electric valve (402), the third electric valve (403), the fourth electric valve (404) and the fifth electric valve (405) open, other valves are closed; the first water pump (11) extracts the water in the first water pool (21) into the water gas co-container (22) to compress air to store energy, when the air pressure measured by the tank pressure sensor (121) reaches the set upper limit pressure p 2, the water pump pumping energy storage process ends; a small part of the water extracted by the first water pump (11) is extracted by the second water pump (12) into the spraying equipment (5) to spray; wherein the upper limit pressure p 2 is greater than the lower limit pressure p 1, the lower limit pressure p 1 is greater than the atmospheric pressure; Photo-thermal power generation working condition: when the solar radiation condition is rich, the system operates in the photo-thermal power generation working condition; the sixth electric valve (406), the seventh electric valve (407), the eighth electric valve (408) and the ninth electric valve (409) are opened, and other valves are closed; the light-reflecting plate reflects sunlight to the top of the heat-absorbing tower (8), heats the molten salt filled in the heat-absorbing tower (8), and increases the temperature of the molten salt; at the same time, the third water pump (13) draws water in the second water tank (23) into the first circulating water pipe (91) arranged at the top of the heat-absorbing tower (8); when the water flows through the first circulating water pipe (91), the water absorbs heat in the molten salt and changes into water vapor; the formed water vapor flows through the steam turbine (10) to do work and generate electricity, and then the temperature of the water vapor is reduced, the water vapor is liquefied into water again, and then the water is discharged into the third water tank (24) for storage; Water turbine generator set power generation: when the air pressure of the water-air tank (22) is greater than the lower limit pressure p 1, the system can run in the water turbine generator set power generation condition; the tenth electric valve (410), the eleventh electric valve (411) and the twelfth electric valve (412) are opened, and other valves are closed; the water at the bottom of the water-air tank (22) flows out to the water turbine generator set (7) to do work and generate electricity; Parallel generation of photo-thermal and water turbine generator set: when the solar radiation condition is rich, the system can run in the parallel generation condition of photo-thermal and water turbine generator set; in this condition, the sixth electric valve (406), the seventh electric valve (407), the eighth electric valve (408), the ninth electric valve (409), the tenth electric valve (410), the eleventh electric valve (411), the twelfth electric valve (412), the thirteenth electric valve (413) and the fourteenth electric valve (414) are opened, and other valves are closed; the water at the bottom of the water-air coexistence tank (22) flows out to the water turbine generator set (7) to do work and generate electricity, and the water after generating electricity returns to the first water pool (21); with the continuous outflow of water, the air in the water-air coexistence tank (22) expands, and the air pressure decreases; when the air expands, heat will be absorbed, and the air temperature decreases; At the same time, the reflecting plate reflects sunlight to the heat absorption tower (8) to heat molten salt, the third water pump (13) extracts the water in the second water pool (23) to the heat absorption tower (8), after absorbing the heat in the molten salt, the water is discharged to the steam turbine (10) through the outlet of the first circulating water pipe (91) to do work and generate electricity, and the water vapor after generating electricity is cooled into water and returns to the third water pool (24); the water returning to the third water pool (24) still contains a certain amount of heat, and the water behaves as hot water; Start the fourth water pump (14) to extract the warm water in the third water pool (24) into the second circulating water pipe (92) in the water-air coexistence tank (22) to heat the air in the water-air coexistence tank (22).

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