Micropterus salmoides breeding method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a micropterus salmoides breeding method. The breeding method meets one or more of the following conditions: (i) in the breeding process, illumination is carried out, and the illumination intensity is 150-250 lx; (ii) in the breeding process, the water flow speed is 1 bl / s to 2 bl / s; (iii) in the breeding process, the feeding frequency is twice a day. According to the breeding method, similar disability behaviors of the micropterus salmoides can be remarkably reduced, the breeding survival rate is increased, rapid growth of the micropterus salmoides is promoted, physiological indexes are optimized, and the breeding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating largemouth bass. Background Art

[0002] Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is a widely farmed freshwater fish, favored by the market for its delicious meat and fast growth rate. However, there are some problems with traditional largemouth bass farming methods, such as serious cannibalism, slow growth rate, and poor health, which seriously affect the farming efficiency and product quality. Traditional farming models are usually carried out in ordinary aquaculture water environments, lacking precise control of environmental factors such as light, feeding frequency, and flow rate, resulting in the failure to fully realize the growth potential of largemouth bass and unable to meet the market demand for high-quality largemouth bass products. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention can effectively reduce the cannibalism of largemouth black bass, improve the survival rate of breeding and promote their rapid growth by regulating environmental factors such as light intensity, feeding frequency and flow rate.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for cultivating largemouth bass, which method satisfies one or more of the following conditions:

[0006] (i) During the culture process, illumination is carried out, and the intensity of illumination is 150lx-250lx;

[0007] (ii) During the culture process, the water flow rate is 1bl / s-2bl / s;

[0008] (iii) During the breeding process, the feeding frequency is twice a day.

[0009] Preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding method, the intensity of light can be 200lx.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding method, the lighting time can be 10h-14h per day.

[0011] More preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding method, the lighting time can be 12 hours per day.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned breeding method, during the breeding process, the water flow rate is 1.5bl / s.

[0013] Preferably, the above-mentioned breeding method also satisfies one or more of the following conditions:

[0014] (a) During the breeding process, the water temperature is 15℃-30℃;

[0015] (b) During the breeding process, the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 5 mg / L

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: the breeding method provided by the present invention can significantly reduce the cannibalism of largemouth black bass, improve the breeding survival rate, promote its rapid growth, optimize physiological indicators, and improve the breeding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1a This is the weight gain rate of largemouth bass in each group of light intensity experiment;

[0018] Figure 1b The specific growth rate of largemouth bass in each group of light intensity experiment;

[0019] Figure 1c The liver-to-body ratio of largemouth bass in each group of light intensity experiment;

[0020] Figure 1d The condition factors of each group of largemouth bass in the light intensity experiment;

[0021] Figure 1e The attack behavior of largemouth bass in each group of light intensity experiment;

[0022] Figure 1f The number of chasing times in the behavioral indicators of largemouth bass in each group of light intensity experiment;

[0023] Figure 2a The weight gain rate of largemouth bass in each group of feeding frequency experiment;

[0024] Figure 2b The specific growth rate of largemouth bass in each group of feeding frequency experiment;

[0025] Figure 2c The liver-to-body ratio of largemouth bass in each group of feeding frequency experiment;

[0026] Figure 2d The condition factors of each group of largemouth bass in the feeding frequency experiment;

[0027] Figure 2e The aggressive behavior of each group of largemouth bass in the feeding frequency experiment;

[0028] Figure 2f It is the chasing times in the behavioral index of largemouth bass in each group of feeding frequency experiment;

[0029] Figure 3a This is the weight gain rate of largemouth bass in each group in the flow rate experiment;

[0030] Figure 3b The specific growth rate of largemouth bass in each group of flow rate experiment;

[0031] Figure 3c The liver-to-body ratio of largemouth bass in each group of flow rate experiment;

[0032] Figure 3d The condition factors of largemouth bass in each group of flow velocity experiment;

[0033] Figure 3e This is the attack behavior of largemouth bass in each group of flow rate experiment;

[0034] Figure 3f This is the number of pursuits in the behavioral indicators of largemouth bass in each group in the flow velocity experiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The examples are provided to better illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. Therefore, those skilled in the art may make non-essential improvements and adjustments to the implementation scheme according to the above invention content, which still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Unless the context has a significantly different meaning, expressions in the singular include expressions in the plural. As used herein, it should be understood that terms such as "include", "have", "include" are intended to indicate the presence of features, numbers, operations, components, parts, elements, materials or combinations. The terms of the present invention are disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to exclude the possibility that one or more other features, numbers, operations, components, parts, elements, materials or combinations thereof may exist or may be added. As used herein, " / " may be interpreted as "and" or "or", depending on the circumstances.

[0037] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for cultivating largemouth bass, which meets one or more of the following conditions:

[0038] (i) During the culture process, illumination is performed, and the intensity of the illumination is 150 lx-250 lx, such as 170 lx, 200 lx or 220 lx, etc. Specifically, stable lighting conditions are provided during the culture process to promote metabolism and feeding activities and reduce cannibalism;

[0039] (ii) During the culture process, the water flow rate is 1 bl / s-2 bl / s, such as 1.1 bl / s, 1.3 bl / s, 1.5 bl / s or 1.7 bl / s;

[0040] (iii) During the culture process, the feeding frequency is twice a day; specifically, the largemouth bass are fed twice a day, and the feeding is performed to meet their energy needs, increase their weight gain rate and specific growth rate, and reduce cannibalism caused by food competition.

[0041] It should be noted that the present invention has found that by regulating environmental factors such as light, water flow rate and feeding frequency, the cannibalism of largemouth black bass can be effectively reduced, the survival rate of aquaculture can be increased, its rapid growth can be promoted, the physiological indicators can be optimized, and the aquaculture quality can be improved.

[0042] It should also be noted that, through experimental verification, the weight gain rate of the twice-a-day feeding group was about 20.63% higher than that of the once-a-day feeding group, and about 5.16% higher than that of the three-a-day feeding group. The specific growth rate was about 12.09% higher than that of the once-a-day feeding group, and about 2.95% higher than that of the three-a-day feeding group.

[0043] In some specific examples, in the above-mentioned breeding method, the intensity of light can be 200lx.

[0044] It should be noted that the intensity of light in the present invention can be preferably 200lx. Experimental verification shows that the weight gain rate of 200lx light is about 25.37% higher than that of 50lx light and about 15.17% higher than that of 500lx light. At the same time, largemouth black bass are more inclined to group activities under medium light intensity, reducing aggressive behavior among the same species.

[0045] In some specific examples, in the above-mentioned breeding method, the lighting time can be 10h-14h per day, such as 11h, 12h or 13h, preferably 12h, which has a better effect.

[0046] In some specific examples, in the above-mentioned breeding method, during the breeding process, the water flow rate is 1.5bl / s.

[0047] It should be noted that, through experimental verification, the flow rate of 1.5bl / s in the present invention is about 32.30% higher than that of 0.5bl / s and about 36.82% higher than that of 2.5bl / s. At the same time, the flow rate of 1.5bl / s can promote the uniform distribution of dissolved oxygen in the water and enhance metabolism.

[0048] In some specific examples, the above-mentioned breeding method also satisfies one or more of the following conditions:

[0049] (a) During the breeding process, the water temperature is 15℃-30℃;

[0050] (b) During the breeding process, the dissolved oxygen content is 5 mg / L

[0051] It should be noted that the breeding method also includes monitoring and regulating other environmental factors such as dissolved oxygen content and water temperature in the breeding environment to ensure the healthy growth of largemouth black bass.

[0052] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0053] 1. Light intensity control experiment

[0054] Healthy largemouth bass juveniles with similar body weight (average body weight (3.3±0.2) g) were selected and randomly divided into three groups, namely low light group (Low Light), medium light group (Medium Light) and high light group (High Light), with three replicates in each group; the low light group, medium light group and high light group were cultured under light intensities of 50lx, 200lx and 500lx, respectively, with a lighting time of 12 hours per day; at the same time, each group had the same water temperature [(23±1)℃], dissolved oxygen content [(6.2±0.5)mg / L], water flow velocity and feeding frequency, among which the water flow velocity was 1.5bl / s, and the feeding frequency was twice a day (based on the body weight and growth stage of largemouth bass, feeding was performed when apparent satiation occurred); the experimental period was 30 days. Growth indices such as body weight, body length, liver-to-body ratio, and conditioning factors of each group of largemouth bass were measured regularly, and behavioral data such as the number of chasing times and aggressive behaviors were recorded.

[0055] The result is as follows:

[0056] The weight gain rate (WGR) of largemouth bass in each group is as follows Figure 1a As shown, the results showed that the weight gain rate of the medium light group was 132.21%, significantly higher than the 105.46% of the weak light group and the 114.80% of the strong light group;

[0057] In addition, the specific growth rate (SGR) of largemouth bass in each group is as follows: Figure 1b As shown, the results showed that the specific growth rate of the medium light group was 5.96%, which was higher than the 5.13% of the weak light group and the 5.46% of the strong light group;

[0058] In addition, the liver-to-body ratio (HSI) of each group of largemouth bass is as follows: Figure 1c As shown, the results showed that the liver-to-body ratio of the weak light group was 2.18%, which was higher than 1.54% in the medium light group and 1.56% in the strong light group.

[0059] In addition, the condition factors of each group of largemouth bass are as follows: Figure 1dAs shown, the results showed that the condition factor of the weak light group was 1.20%, which was higher than 1.19% of the medium light group and 1.10% of the strong light group.

[0060] In addition, the behavioral indicators of largemouth bass in each group were Figure 1e and Figure 1f As shown, the results showed that the aggressive behavior of the medium light group was significantly reduced ( Figure 1e ), the number of chases was significantly reduced ( Figure 1f ).

[0061] From the above, we can see that under the medium light intensity (200lx) environment, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of largemouth black bass are significantly improved, the liver-to-body ratio and conditioning factors reach a better state, and the number of chasing times and attack behaviors are significantly reduced, effectively reducing the incidence of cannibalism.

[0062] 2. Feeding frequency strategy experiment

[0063] Healthy largemouth bass juveniles with similar body weight (average body weight (3.3±0.2) g) were selected and randomly divided into three groups, namely, once-a-day feeding group (1Meal / Day), twice-a-day feeding group (2Meal / Day) and thrice-a-day feeding group (3Meal / Day); the feeding frequencies of once-a-day feeding group, twice-a-day feeding group and thrice-a-day feeding group were once-a-day, twice-a-day and thrice-a-day, respectively; feeding amount distribution: feeding according to apparent satiation according to the body weight and growth stage of largemouth bass; at the same time, water temperature [(23±1)℃], dissolved oxygen content [(6.2±0.5)mg / L], light intensity and water flow velocity of each group, among which the water flow velocity was 1.5bl / s, the light intensity was 200lx, and the lighting time was 12 hours per day; the experimental period was 30 days. Growth indices such as body weight, body length, liver-to-body ratio, and conditioning factors of each group of largemouth bass were measured regularly, and behavioral data such as the number of chasing times and aggressive behaviors were recorded.

[0064] The result is as follows:

[0065] The weight gain rate (WGR) of largemouth bass in each group is as follows Figure 2a The results showed that the weight gain rate of the twice-a-day feeding group was 198.63%, significantly higher than the 164.65% of the once-a-day feeding group and the 188.88% of the three-a-day feeding group.

[0066] In addition, the specific growth rate (SGR) of largemouth bass in each group is as follows: Figure 2b As shown, the results showed that the specific growth rate of the twice-a-day feeding group was 4.54%, which was higher than the 4.05% of the once-a-day feeding group and the 4.41% of the three-a-day feeding group;

[0067] In addition, the liver-to-body ratio (HSI) of each group of largemouth bass is as follows: Figure 2c As shown, the results showed that the liver-to-body ratio of the once-a-day feeding group was 1.89%, which was higher than the 1.51% of the twice-a-day feeding group and the 1.39% of the three-a-day feeding group;

[0068] In addition, the condition factors of each group of largemouth bass are as follows: Figure 2d As shown, the results showed that the condition factor of the twice-a-day group was 1.26%, which was higher than the 1.14% of the once-a-day group and the 1.16% of the three-a-day group.

[0069] In addition, the behavioral indicators of largemouth bass in each group were Figure 2e and Figure 2f As shown, the results showed that the number of chases in the twice-daily feeding group was significantly reduced ( Figure 2f ), aggressive behavior was significantly reduced ( Figure 2e ).

[0070] From the above data, we can see that a feeding frequency of twice a day can significantly increase the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of largemouth black bass, optimize the liver-to-body ratio and conditioning factors, and reduce cannibalism caused by food competition.

[0071] 3. Experiment on flow rate control measures

[0072] Healthy, similar-weight juvenile largemouth bass (average weight (3.3±0.2) g) were selected and randomly divided into three groups: low speed group, medium speed group, and high speed group. The water flow rates of the low speed group, medium speed group, and high speed group were 0.5 bl / s, 1.5 bl / s, and 2.5 bl / s, respectively. At the same time, the light intensity, water temperature [(23±1)℃], dissolved oxygen content [(6.2±0.5) mg / L], and feeding frequency of each group were the same. The light intensity was 200 lx, and the lighting time was 12 hours per day. The feeding frequency was twice a day (based on the weight and growth stage of the largemouth bass, feeding was performed at apparent satiation). The experimental period was 30 days. The growth indicators of the largemouth bass in each group, such as weight, body length, liver-to-body ratio, and conditioning factors, were measured regularly, and behavioral data such as the number of chasing times and aggressive behaviors were recorded.

[0073] The weight gain rate (WGR) of largemouth bass in each group is as follows Figure 3a As shown, the results showed that the weight gain rate of the low-speed group was 46.89%, significantly higher than the 43.61% of the medium-speed group and the 39.20% of the high-speed group;

[0074] In addition, the specific growth rate (SGR) of largemouth bass in each group is as follows: Figure 3bAs shown, the results showed that the specific growth rate of the low-speed group was 1.28%, which was higher than the 1.20% of the medium-speed group and the 1.10% of the high-speed group;

[0075] In addition, the liver-to-body ratio (HSI) of each group of largemouth bass is as follows: Figure 3c As shown, the results showed that the liver-to-body ratio of the medium-speed group was 2.15%, which was higher than 1.62% of the low-speed group and 1.57% of the high-speed group;

[0076] In addition, the condition factors of each group of largemouth bass are as follows: Figure 3d As shown, the results showed that the condition factor of the medium speed group was 1.09%, which was higher than 1.05% of the low speed group and 1.04% of the high speed group;

[0077] In addition, the behavioral indicators of largemouth bass in each group were Figure 3e and Figure 3f As shown in Figure 2, the results showed that the number of pursuits in the medium speed group was significantly reduced ( Figure 3f ), aggressive behavior was significantly reduced ( Figure 3e ).

[0078] From the above data, we can see that in the medium-speed water flow environment (1.5bl / s), the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of largemouth black bass are significantly improved, the liver-to-body ratio and conditioning factors reach a better state, and the number of chasing times and attack behaviors are significantly reduced, effectively reducing the incidence of cannibalism.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating largemouth bass, characterized in that: The farming method meets one or more of the following conditions: (i) During the culture process, illumination is carried out, and the intensity of illumination is 150lx-250lx; (ii) During the culture process, the water flow rate is 1bl / s-2bl / s; (iii) During the culture process, the feeding frequency is twice a day.

2. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intensity of light is 200lx.

3. The breeding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lighting time is 10h-14h per day.

4. The breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lighting time is 12h per day.

5. The breeding method according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: During the breeding process, the water flow rate is 1.5bl / s.

6. The breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the breeding process, the water flow rate is 1.5bl / s.

7. The breeding method according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, characterized in that: The farming method also meets one or more of the following conditions: (a) During the breeding process, the water temperature is 15℃-30℃; (b) During the cultivation process, the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 5 mg / L.

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