Low-lipoprotein raw material as well as preparation method and application thereof
By mixing the feather product of protease and spray drying of chicken skeleton products, the high fat content and sticking tower problems caused by spray drying of traditional chicken skeletons are solved, and the preparation of low-fat protein raw materials is achieved, and product quality and processing performance are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510222491.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
AI Technical Summary
Traditional chicken skeleton spray drying methods lead to excessive fat content, causing problems with sticky towers, reducing production efficiency and affecting product quality.
Low-fat protein raw materials were prepared by mixing the protease enzymatic feather product and the protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product at a specific mass ratio and spray-dried. The method involves enzymatic treatment of feathers and chicken skeletons and reduced fat content of the final product by spray drying techniques.
It effectively reduces the fat content of the final product, avoids the sticky phenomenon, improves the quality and processing performance of protein raw materials, and is simple in process and low in cost, which is suitable for industrial production.
Smart Images
Figure CN119999805A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal protein raw material processing, and in particular relates to a low-fat protein raw material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Chicken skeleton is a major byproduct produced during the processing of broilers, generally accounting for about 15% of the body weight of broilers. It is mainly a reticular structure composed of protein and calcium. The bone contains a large amount of bone marrow, which is composed of water and a large amount of crude protein, crude fat and infinite elements, making the chicken skeleton rich in nutrients. The protein and fat content in the chicken skeleton is similar to that of meat, and the mineral content is relatively high. my country is a major producer and consumer of livestock and poultry, with extremely rich livestock and poultry bone resources. However, due to the difficulty of processing and high processing investment, the development and utilization of this high-quality resource is relatively backward. Most chicken skeletons are simply processed into low-value-added feed products such as chicken bone meal, or even discarded as waste. Since the bones contain a large amount of nutrients that are easy to corrupt, it will cause serious environmental pollution problems. This not only causes a huge waste of resources but also has a certain impact on the environment.
[0003] In the traditional preparation process of animal protein raw materials, the chicken skeleton is often spray-dried directly, which will lead to excessive fat content, thus causing problems such as sticking to the tower. This not only reduces production efficiency, but also affects product quality. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the invention is to overcome the problems of high fat content and sticking to the chicken skeleton caused by direct spray drying in the prior art.
[0005] To this end, the invention provides a low-fat protein raw material, including a feather product hydrolyzed by protease and a chicken skeleton product hydrolyzed by protease.
[0006] Specifically, the mass ratio of the protease hydrolyzed feather product to the protease hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product is (3-10):1.
[0007] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a low-lipid protein raw material, comprising the following steps:
[0008] adding protease to the feathers for enzymolysis, filtering to remove residues, and obtaining a protease enzymolysis feather product;
[0009] Adding protease to the chicken skeleton for enzymatic hydrolysis, filtering to remove bone residues, and obtaining a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product;
[0010] The feather product hydrolyzed by protease and the chicken skeleton product hydrolyzed by protease are mixed and then spray-dried to obtain a low-fat protein raw material.
[0011] Specifically, the system enzyme concentration of the protease during the feather enzymatic hydrolysis is 1000-1500 U / mL.
[0012] Specifically, the system enzyme concentration of the protease during the enzymatic hydrolysis of the chicken skeleton is 200-300 U / mL.
[0013] Specifically, during the enzymatic hydrolysis of the feathers, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 50-55° C. and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 6-8 hours.
[0014] Specifically, when the chicken skeleton is enzymatically hydrolyzed, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 50-55° C. and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 1.5-2 h.
[0015] Specifically, the spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200°C, outlet air temperature 80-90°C, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz.
[0016] The low-fat protein raw material provided by the invention can be used as a feed additive.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0018] The low-fat protein raw material provided by the invention has low cost and high nutritional value.
[0019] The low-fat protein raw material provided by the present invention has higher nutritional value and better processing performance. The preparation method of the low-fat protein raw material provided by the present invention effectively reduces the fat content of the final product by mixing feather enzymatic hydrolysate with chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolysate, improves the quality of the protein raw material, avoids the sticking tower phenomenon when the chicken skeleton is directly spray-dried, and the prepared protein raw material has higher nutritional value and better processing performance. In addition, by adopting this method, the raw material does not need pre-treatment such as pulverization, and can be directly enzymatically hydrolyzed, the process is simple, the cost is low, and it is suitable for industrial production.
[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spray drying sample in Example 1.
[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the spray-dried sample in Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical scheme in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Although the representative embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments, but should be limited by the attached claims and their equivalents.
[0024] The invention provides a low-lipid protein raw material, including a feather product hydrolyzed by protease and a chicken skeleton product hydrolyzed by protease. The weight ratio of the feather product hydrolyzed by protease to the chicken skeleton product hydrolyzed by protease is preferably (3-10):1.
[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a low-lipid protein raw material, comprising the following steps:
[0026] After washing and drying the collected feathers, add 6-10 times of water by weight to mix, add protease to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 1000-1500U / mL, perform enzymolysis at 50-55°C for 6-8h, filter (preferably filter with a 50-mesh screen) to remove residues and prevent the feed port of the spray tower from being blocked, and obtain a protease-hydrolyzed feather product (feather hydrolyzate);
[0027] After the chicken skeleton is washed, 0-2 times of its weight of water is added and mixed, and then protease is added to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 200-300 U / mL, and enzymolysis is carried out at 50-55° C. for 1.5-2 hours, and the residue is removed by filtration (preferably filtration with a 50-mesh sieve) to obtain a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product (chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolysate);
[0028] The protease-hydrolyzed feather product and the protease-hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product are preferably mixed in a mass ratio of (3-10):1 and then spray-dried to obtain a low-fat protein raw material.
[0029] The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200°C, outlet air temperature 80-90°C, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz.
[0030] The effects of the low-fat protein raw material, preparation method and application of the present invention are studied below through specific examples.
[0031] Embodiment 1:
[0032] This embodiment provides a low-fat protein raw material, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0033] (1) After washing and drying the collected chicken feathers, 100 g of the feathers were taken, 1000 g of water was added thereto, and protease was added to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 1000 U / mL, and the enzyme was hydrolyzed at 55° C. for 6 h. The residue was filtered through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a protease-hydrolyzed feather product (feather hydrolyzate);
[0034] (2) After washing the chicken skeleton, take 100 g, add 200 g of water to it and mix, then add protease to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 200 U / mL, enzymolysis at 55°C for 1.5 h, filter through a 50-mesh sieve to remove the residue, and obtain a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product (chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolyzate);
[0035] (3) The protease-hydrolyzed feather product and the protease-hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1 and then spray-dried to obtain a low-fat protein raw material.
[0036] The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200℃, outlet air temperature 80-90℃, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz. The appearance of the final spray-dried sample is as follows Figure 1 shown.
[0037] The effective components of the obtained low-fat protein raw material were detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0038] Embodiment 2:
[0039] This embodiment provides a low-fat protein raw material, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0040] (1) After washing and drying the collected chicken feathers, 100 g of the feathers were taken, 600 g of water was added thereto, and protease was added to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 1500 U / mL, and the enzyme was hydrolyzed at 50° C. for 8 h. The residue was filtered through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a protease-hydrolyzed feather product (feather hydrolyzate);
[0041] (2) After washing the chicken skeleton, take 100 g, add 50 g of water to it and mix, then add protease to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 300 U / mL, enzymolysis at 50°C for 2 h, filter through a 50-mesh sieve to remove the residue, and obtain a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product (chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolyzate);
[0042] (3) The protease-hydrolyzed feather product and the protease-hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1 and then spray-dried to obtain a low-fat protein raw material.
[0043] The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200°C, outlet air temperature 80-90°C, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz.
[0044] The effective components of the obtained low-fat protein raw material were detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0045] Embodiment 3:
[0046] This embodiment provides a low-fat protein raw material, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0047] (1) After washing and drying the collected chicken feathers, 100 g of the feathers were taken, 800 g of water was added thereto, and protease was added to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 1400 U / mL, and the reaction was performed at 55° C. for 7 h. The residue was removed by filtering with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a protease-hydrolyzed feather product (feather hydrolyzate);
[0048] (2) After washing the chicken skeleton, take 100 g, add 100 g of water to it and mix, then add protease to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 260 U / mL, enzymolysis at 50°C for 2 h, filter through a 50-mesh sieve to remove the residue, and obtain a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product (chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolyzate);
[0049] (3) The protease-hydrolyzed feather product and the protease-hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1 and then spray-dried to obtain a low-fat protein raw material.
[0050] The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200°C, outlet air temperature 80-90°C, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz.
[0051] The effective components of the obtained low-fat protein raw material were detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0052] Comparative Example 1:
[0053] This comparative example provides a protein raw material, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0054] (1) After washing the chicken skeleton, 100 g of the skeleton was taken, 100 g of water was added thereto and mixed, and then protease was added to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 260 U / mL, and the enzyme was hydrolyzed at 50° C. for 2 h. The residue was filtered through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a protease-hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product (chicken skeleton hydrolyzate);
[0055] (2) Water and a product of chicken skeleton hydrolysis by protease are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1 and then spray-dried to obtain a protein raw material.
[0056] The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200℃, outlet air temperature 80-90℃, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz. The appearance of the final spray-dried sample is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the protein raw material sticks to the tower, cannot be spray-dried, and has poor flowability.
[0057] The effective components of the obtained protein raw material were detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0058] Comparative Example 2:
[0059] This comparative example provides a protein raw material, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0060] (1) After washing and drying the collected chicken feathers, 100 g was taken, 800 g of water was added thereto, and protease was added to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 600 U / mL, and the enzyme was hydrolyzed at 55° C. for 7 h. Since the enzyme concentration of the system was too low, most of the enzyme could not be hydrolyzed, and the residue was filtered through a 50-mesh sieve to remove the residue, which accounted for a high proportion, to obtain a protease-hydrolyzed feather product (feather hydrolyzate);
[0061] (2) After washing the chicken skeleton, take 100 g, add 100 g of water to it and mix, then add protease to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 100 U / mL, enzymolysis at 50°C for 2 h, filter through a 50-mesh sieve to remove the residue, and obtain a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product (chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolyzate);
[0062] (3) The protease-hydrolyzed feather product and the protease-hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1 and then spray-dried to obtain a protein raw material.
[0063] The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200°C, outlet air temperature 80-90°C, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz.
[0064] The effective components of the obtained protein raw material were detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0065] Comparative Example 3:
[0066] This comparative example provides a protein raw material, which is prepared by the following steps:
[0067] (1) After washing and drying the collected chicken feathers, 100 g of the feathers were taken, 800 g of water was added thereto, and protease was added to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 1400 U / mL, and the reaction was performed at 55° C. for 7 h. The residue was removed by filtering with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a protease-hydrolyzed feather product (feather hydrolyzate);
[0068] (2) After washing the chicken skeleton, take 100 g, add 100 g of water to it and mix, then add protease to make the enzyme concentration in the reaction system 500 U / mL, enzymolysis at 50°C for 2 h, filter through a 50-mesh sieve to remove the residue, and obtain a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product (chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolyzate);
[0069] (3) The protease-hydrolyzed feather product and the protease-hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1 and then spray-dried to obtain a protein raw material.
[0070] The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200°C, outlet air temperature 80-90°C, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz.
[0071] The effective components of the obtained protein raw material were detected, and the results are shown in Table 1. It can be seen that in Comparative Example 1, the fat content is too high during the spray drying process after the chicken skeleton enzymatic hydrolysate is mixed with water, resulting in serious sample sticking tower and failure to prepare the sample. In Comparative Example 2, the enzyme concentration is reduced, and many feathers are not enzymatically hydrolyzed. The protein content in the filtered filtrate is low, resulting in a low crude protein content in the spray-dried sample, and the protein quality of the prepared sample is not as good as in the embodiment. The enzyme preparation in Comparative Example 3 is added in excess, which will hydrolyze more thoroughly, and the various indicators of the sample made are similar to those in the embodiment, but the cost of using the enzyme preparation will increase. The data of the embodiment show that the product prepared by this method has a high protein content, small peptides and pepsin are both high, and the product protein quality is good, which can be used as a protein raw material.
[0072] Table 1 Test results of effective ingredients of protein raw materials
[0073]
[0074]
[0075] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. All designs that are the same or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A low-fat protein raw material, characterized in that: Including protease enzymatic hydrolysis of feather products and protease enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken skeleton products.
2. The low-fat protein raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the protease hydrolyzed feather product to the protease hydrolyzed chicken skeleton product is (3-10):
1.
3. A method for preparing a low-fat protein raw material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: adding protease to the feathers for enzymolysis, filtering to remove residues, and obtaining a protease enzymolysis feather product; Adding protease to the chicken skeleton for enzymatic hydrolysis, filtering to remove residues, and obtaining a protease enzymatic chicken skeleton product; The feather product hydrolyzed by protease and the chicken skeleton product hydrolyzed by protease are mixed and then spray-dried to obtain a low-fat protein raw material.
4. The method for preparing the low-fat protein raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The system enzyme concentration of protease during feather enzymatic hydrolysis is 1000-1500U / mL.
5. The method for preparing the low-fat protein raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The system enzyme concentration of protease during enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken skeleton is 200-300U / mL.
6. The method for preparing the low-fat protein raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: When enzymatic hydrolysis of feathers, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 50-55°C and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 6-8h.
7. The method for preparing the low-fat protein raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the chicken skeleton is enzymatically hydrolyzed, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 50-55°C and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 1.5-2h.
8. The method for preparing a low-fat protein raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spray drying conditions are: inlet air temperature 190-200°C, outlet air temperature 80-90°C, blast air 15-20Hz, induced air 35-44Hz.
9. Use of the low-fat protein raw material as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2 in feed additives.