Crack repairing method for basement bottom plate

Abstract

The invention provides a crack repairing method for a basement bottom plate, relates to the technical field of buildings, and aims to solve the technical problem that the crack repairing effect of the basement bottom plate is poor. The crack repairing method for the basement bottom plate comprises the steps that a hollowing area below the bottom plate is determined according to the position of a crack; a groove body is formed in the bottom plate, and the groove body is located above the hollowing area; a grouting hole communicated with the hollowing area is drilled; an automatic repairing device is laid on the groove bottom of the groove body, and the groove body is filled with concrete; and the hollowing area is filled with slurry through the grouting holes. The crack repairing method can be suitable for underground water pressure increase and crack reduction under various conditions, and the repairing effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction, and in particular to a method for repairing cracks in a basement floor. Background Art

[0002] Leakage in basement structures is a common problem not only in continued construction projects, but also in existing structures. Local failure of anti-floating measures in basements can lead to floor lifting, cracking and leakage.

[0003] In the related art, water seepage in the basement floor caused by rising water levels is controlled. Groundwater from leakage-prone locations near the basement floor is pumped into a collection well and discharged using a water pump, thereby controlling the hollowing of the basement floor caused by groundwater. The leakage location can also be broken up and grouted, and drainage ditches can be laid to solve the leakage, but the effect on repairing cracks is limited. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for repairing cracks in a basement floor slab, so as to solve the technical problem that the crack repairing effect of the basement floor slab is poor.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for repairing cracks in a basement floor, comprising:

[0007] According to the position of the crack, a hollow area below the bottom plate is determined;

[0008] A groove body is provided on the bottom plate, and the groove body is located above the hollow drum area;

[0009] Drilling a grouting hole connected to the hollow area;

[0010] Laying an automatic repair device on the bottom of the trough body, and filling the trough body with concrete;

[0011] The hollow area is filled with slurry through the grouting holes.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, a slot is provided on the bottom plate, and when the slot is located above the hollow area, the slot comprises:

[0013] A first groove is formed on the bottom plate, and a second groove is formed at the bottom of the first groove;

[0014] The orthographic projection of the hollow area on the bottom of the first groove is located within the bottom of the first groove, and the orthographic projection of the crack on the bottom of the second groove is located within the bottom of the second groove.

[0015] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the second groove is U-shaped, and the extension direction of the second groove and the crack in the horizontal plane is consistent.

[0016] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, when drilling a grouting hole connected to the hollow area, the method includes:

[0017] A plurality of grouting holes are drilled at the middle position of the bottom of the second groove, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of grouting holes is consistent with the extension direction of the crack in the horizontal plane.

[0018] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, when drilling a grouting hole connected to the hollow area, the repair method further includes:

[0019] A plurality of slurry outlet holes connected with the hollow area are drilled at positions close to the trough wall at the bottom of the first trough, and the slurry outlet holes are located at the periphery of the second trough.

[0020] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, when the automatic repair device is laid on the bottom of the trough body and the trough body is filled with concrete, the method comprises:

[0021] An automatic repair device is laid on the bottom of the second groove, and the second groove is filled with early-strength concrete.

[0022] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, when the automatic repair device is laid on the bottom of the trough body and the trough body is filled with concrete, the method further comprises:

[0023] The first groove is filled with fine sand concrete.

[0024] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, when the hollow area is filled with slurry through the grouting hole, the method includes:

[0025] The slurry outlet holes after slurry outlet are blocked until all the slurry outlet holes are blocked.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an automatic repair system, comprising an automatic repair device, wherein the automatic repair device is used in the repair method described in the first aspect.

[0027] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the device further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is communicatively connected with the automatic repairing device.

[0028] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the automatic repair device includes two oppositely disposed rigid plates and at least one deformable component disposed between the two rigid plates, wherein the deformable component includes two oppositely disposed support members and a deformable member;

[0029] The two ends of the deformable member are respectively fixed to the middle parts of the two supporting members, and the two ends of each supporting member are respectively hinged to the two rigid plates.

[0030] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, among the two rigid plates, at least one pressure sensor is further provided on the surface of the rigid plate at the bottom facing the hollow area, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0031] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, a heating element is further provided on each of the deformable elements, and the heating element is electrically connected to the controller.

[0032] Among the one or more technical solutions provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the following beneficial effects can be achieved.

[0033] The crack repair method of the basement floor of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention makes an advance judgment on the possible hollow area by opening a groove on the floor, drilling grouting holes connected to the hollow area on the bottom of the groove, and injecting slurry into the hollow area through the grouting holes for repair. At the same time, four slurry outlets are opened at the edge of the hollow area under the crack of the basement floor to ensure that the grouting of the floor crack and the hollow area below is dense.

[0034] After laying the automatic repair device on the bottom of the trough and filling the trough with concrete, the automatic repair device can shrink downward or squeeze upward according to the change of groundwater pressure to automatically repair the concrete cracks above. Therefore, the crack repair method of the present invention can be applied to cracks caused by various situations of increasing and decreasing groundwater pressure, and the repair effect is remarkable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the present invention, and these drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification;

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a crack of a bottom plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an excavated slot according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an excavation tank body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a backfill tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic repair device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (water pressure increase) structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic repair device after contraction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 7A is a schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (water pressure reduction) structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic repair device after being unfolded according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 8A is a schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (uneven water pressure distribution) structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8B It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic repair device after coordinated changes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 10. Automatic repair device; 11. Rigid plate; 12. Support member; 13. Deformable member; 14. Heating member; 15. Flexible member; 16. Pressure sensor;

[0049] 20. Cracks; 30. Hollow areas;

[0050] 41. first slot; 42. second slot;

[0051] 51. Grouting hole; 52. Grouting hole;

[0052] 60. Fine sand concrete;

[0053] 70. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0055] The formation of cracks in the basement floor is mainly due to the change of groundwater pressure, but the groundwater pressure sometimes decreases and sometimes increases, so the reasons for the cracking of the concrete floor are different. One reason is that the water pressure increases, and there is an upward arching force at the bottom of the floor, which causes the top of the floor to be tensile and cracked. Another reason is that the water pressure decreases, the ground sinks locally, and the concrete sinks, causing cracks.

[0056] In the related technology, there are two most commonly used repair methods for basement leakage. One is grouting to stop leakage. The foamed polyurethane material is injected into the concrete gaps or cracks through a pressure grouting machine. The injected polyurethane will foam and expand in volume when it comes into contact with water, thereby filling the leakage space and achieving the purpose of stopping leakage. The other is to first stop the visible water with fast-setting dry powder, and then apply mortar to a certain thickness to play a sealing role. Both of the above repair methods cannot repair cracks according to the changes in water pressure under the base plate, and the effect of crack repair is limited.

[0057] In response to the above problems, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for repairing cracks in a basement floor. An automatic repair device is laid in a trough body. The height of the automatic repair device can be adjusted according to changes in water pressure, so that the cracks can be repaired. The repair effect is good and no human intervention is required. The degree of automation is high.

[0058] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a crack in a bottom plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the formation of cracks in the basement floor is mainly caused by changes in groundwater pressure, and hollow areas usually appear below the cracks.

[0059] Step 100: In the crack 20 repairing method of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the position of the bottom plate crack 20 is found, the position of the entire hollow area 30 below the waterproof layer of the bottom plate can be determined by tapping or other methods according to the development of the crack 20.

[0060] A closed area is drawn according to the position of the hollow area for excavating the first groove 41 .

[0061] Step 200 : a groove is formed on the bottom plate, wherein the groove is located above the hollow area 30 .

[0062] A first groove 41 is excavated on the floor above the hollow area 30, wherein the area of ​​the bottom of the first groove 41 can include the entire hollow area 30, that is, the orthographic projection of the hollow area 30 on the bottom of the first groove 41 is located within the bottom of the first groove 41. The depth of the first groove 41 can be 20 mm to 80 mm, for example, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, etc.

[0063] A second groove 42 is excavated at the bottom of the first groove 41, wherein the depth of the second groove 42 can be 100 mm to 200 mm, for example, 130 mm, 140 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm, 170 mm, 180 mm, 190 mm, etc. The first groove 41 extends along the extension of the crack 20 in the horizontal plane, and has a U-shaped cross section and a width of 150 mm to 250 mm, for example, 160 mm, 170 mm, 180 mm, 190 mm, 200 mm, 210 mm, 230 mm, 240 mm, etc.

[0064] The orthographic projection of the crack 20 at the bottom of the second groove 42 is located within the bottom of the second groove 42, that is, the second groove 42 encompasses the crack 20, and the crack 20 is located at the center of the second groove 42 in the width direction. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the excavation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Step 300: drilling a grouting hole 51 communicating with the hollow area 30 .

[0066] Figure 3 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an excavation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of grouting holes 51 are drilled at the bottom of the second groove 42 along the extension direction of the crack 20 , wherein the grouting holes 51 have a diameter of 12 mm, a spacing of 40 mm, and penetrate to the hollow area 30 .

[0067] A plurality of slurry outlet holes 52 connected to the hollow area 30 are drilled at a position near the groove wall of the groove bottom of the first groove 41, and the slurry outlet holes 52 are located at the periphery of the second groove 42. For example, when the groove bottom of the first groove 41 is rectangular, the slurry outlet holes 52 are drilled at positions near the four corners of the groove bottom of the first groove 41.

[0068] The environment-friendly fast-curing multifunctional modified epoxy material grouting material is injected into each grouting hole 51 at the same time, and the compactness of the grouting is determined by observing the grouting conditions of the other four grouting holes 52. Since the positions where the grouting is compacted are different, the order of the grouting holes 52 is also different. Therefore, the arrangement of the grouting holes 52 can ensure the compactness of the grouting of the bottom plate cracks 20 and the lower hollow area 30.

[0069] It should be noted that the grouting process can be carried out after the automatic repair device 10 is laid in the second groove 42 and the early-strength concrete is filled, and the grouting pipe is buried in the grouting hole 51. In the process of grouting, the grouting holes 52 that have been slurried are timely blocked until all the grouting holes 52 are blocked, which indicates that the hollow area 30 under the bottom plate is densely grouted. Grouting after filling the early-strength concrete in the second groove 42 can better prevent grouting from leaking than not opening the second groove 42 and directly drilling the grouting hole 51 at the crack 20 position of the groove bottom of the first groove 41.

[0070] Step 400: Lay the automatic repair device 10 on the bottom of the trough body, and fill the trough body with concrete.

[0071] It should be noted that this step can be performed before step 300 or after it.

[0072] Figure 4 FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a backfill tank according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, after the grouting hole 52 is sealed, the early-strength concrete in the second groove 42 is flush with the bottom of the first groove 41. After the grouting is completed, the first groove 41 is filled with fine sand concrete 60, or a tear-resistant carbon fiber plate is first laid on the bottom of the first groove 41, and then the fine sand concrete 60 is filled, so as to further suppress the occurrence of hollow drum area 30 in the lower part, which may cause the bottom plate to bulge. After filling the fine sand concrete 60, two layers of waterproof coating are applied on the top.

[0073] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic repair device according to the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention further provides an automatic repair system, including an automatic repair device 10 and a controller 70, wherein the automatic repair device 10 and the controller 70 can be electrically connected or wirelessly connected.

[0074] In some embodiments, the automatic repair device 10 includes two relatively arranged rigid plates 11 and at least one deformation component arranged between the two rigid plates 11, and the deformation component includes two relatively supporting members 12 and a deformation member 13; the two ends of the deformation member 13 are respectively fixed to the middle part of the two supporting members 12, and the two ends of each supporting member 12 are respectively hinged to the two rigid plates 11.

[0075] In some embodiments, of the two rigid plates 11 , at least one pressure sensor 16 is further disposed on the surface of the bottom rigid plate 11 facing the hollow area 30 , and the pressure sensor 16 is electrically connected to the controller 70 .

[0076] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 16 is not disposed on the rigid plate 11 but is directly placed on the bottom of the lower rigid plate 11 . The pressure sensor 16 and the controller 70 may be electrically connected or wirelessly connected.

[0077] Exemplarily, the number of pressure sensors 16 is the same as the number of deformation components and corresponds one to one, and each pressure sensor 16 is arranged under a corresponding deformation component.

[0078] Exemplarily, the pressure sensor 16 may be a resistive pressure sensor 16 , which may be attached to the bottom of the rigid plate 11 .

[0079] In some embodiments, a heating element 14 is also provided on each deformable member 13, and the heating element 14 is electrically connected to the controller 70 or a power source. For example, a heating element is attached to the upper surface of the deformable member 13, and the heating element is heated by applying power, thereby causing the deformable member 13 to deform, wherein the deformable member 13 may be made of a nickel-based shape memory alloy.

[0080] In practical applications, the corresponding ends of the two rigid plates 11 are connected by flexible members 15 that can be deformed to a certain extent, so that the two rigid plates 11 form a relatively complete whole. One or more deformable components can be set between the two rigid plates 11 according to actual repair needs. The present invention takes two deformable components as an example for introduction.

[0081] Each deformation assembly has the same structure, and the two support members 12 in the deformation assembly are arranged oppositely or symmetrically, and the middle parts of the two are bent or curved in a direction away from each other, for example, the two are arranged roughly in a diamond shape. The support member 12 and the deformation member 13 are both plate-shaped structures, and the two ends of the deformation member 13 are respectively connected to the middle parts of the two support members 12, that is, the deformation member 13 is arranged between the two support members 12, for example, the two ends of the deformation member 13 are respectively connected to the bending points of the support member 12.

[0082] When the automatic repair device 10 is laid in the second groove 42, the deformable member 13 needs to be connected to the power supply and controller 70 located on the ground through wires. At the same time, the pressure sensor 16 is also connected to the controller 70 through wires or wireless communication. The controller 70 can be a PLC.

[0083] The PLC can monitor the water pressure at the bottom of the base plate through the pressure sensor 16, and can also control the temperature of the heating element 14, thereby changing the length of the deformable element 13, and then driving the support element 12 to lengthen or shrink in the vertical direction, controlling the distance between the two rigid plates 11, that is, controlling the height of the entire deformable assembly, shrinking downward or squeezing upward, and repairing the concrete cracks 20.

[0084] Specifically, the PLC is programmed with information about the temperature of the memory alloy and the degree of repair (force or relative displacement of the crack 20), and the upper and lower temperature thresholds of the heating element 14 when the repair is completed are set according to the relationship between the two. When the temperature reaches the threshold, the temperature change operation is automatically canceled. Thus, the controller 70 can monitor the pressure change of the groundwater in real time according to the pressure sensor 16, and determine whether the crack 20 needs to be repaired.

[0085] During the repair process, if the water pressure continues to change or the crack 20 is not effectively repaired, the control system can automatically adjust the response of the deformable part 13 or initiate additional repair steps. If the crack 20 is large, the automatic repair system continues to increase the change of the deformable part 13. When the temperature of the memory alloy of the deformable part 13 reaches the threshold, the temperature change stops and the repair is completed.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, when the automatic repair system is in service, the process of the deformable member 13 automatically repairing the crack 20 is as follows:

[0087] Step 401: The pressure sensor 16 continuously monitors the water pressure under the bottom plate. Once the water pressure changes, the water pressure data is transmitted to the controller 70 via wireless signals or wired transmission. The controller 70 determines whether the automatic repair device 10 needs to be started.

[0088] Step 402: two upper and lower water pressure thresholds are set in the controller 70, indicating that the water pressure has reached a level that may cause cracks 20 in the bottom plate. The controller 70 compares the water pressure data with the set thresholds. If the water pressure exceeds the threshold, the repair procedure is started; if the water pressure is normal, the monitoring continues.

[0089] Step 403: When the water pressure exceeds the set threshold, the controller 70 sends a signal to start the deformation member 13. The temperature change of the heating element 14 causes the memory alloy to reach the phase change point, resulting in the deformation member 13 having a shape memory effect. At this time, the memory alloy will shrink or stretch, thereby driving the concrete floor to change, thereby repairing the crack 20 of the floor.

[0090] Step 404: Once the crack 20 is repaired, the automatic repair system will enter a standby state and continue to monitor the water pressure change and the bottom plate condition in real time. The automatic repair system needs to be regularly inspected and maintained during operation to ensure the long-term stability of the pressure sensor 16 and the shape memory alloy of the deformable part.

[0091] Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (water pressure increase) structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6B Schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic repair device after contraction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6A and Figure 6BAs shown, when the water pressure increases and causes a crack 20 on the top of the base plate, the deformable member 13 in the automatic repair device 10 is extended, the heights of the two deformable components are reduced, and after a certain degree of settlement occurs above the base plate, the crack 20 is closed, and the crack 20 of the base plate is repaired.

[0092] Fig. 7A is a schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (water pressure reduction) structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7B 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic repair device after being unfolded according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7A and Figure 7B As shown, when the water pressure decreases and causes a crack 20 in the middle of the bottom plate, the deformable member 13 in the automatic repair device 10 is shortened, the heights of the two deformable components are increased, and the bottom plate located above the deformable component is raised to a certain extent, and the crack 20 is closed, and the crack 20 of the bottom plate is repaired.

[0093] Fig. 8A is a schematic diagram of a bottom plate cracking (uneven water pressure distribution) structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8B Schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic repair device after coordinated changes according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8A and Figure 8B As shown, when the water pressure increases and causes a crack 20 in the bottom plate located on the left side of the automatic repair device 10, the deforming member 13 of the left deforming assembly in the automatic repair device 10 is elongated, and the deforming member 13 of the right deforming assembly is shortened, thereby lowering the height of the left deforming assembly as a whole and raising the height of the right deforming assembly as a whole. Under the coordinated action of the two, the bottom plate above the left side of the automatic repair device 10 sinks, thereby closing the crack 20 and repairing the crack 20 in the bottom plate.

[0094] Exemplarily, the shape memory alloy of the deformable member contracts or stretches at different temperatures, and the preset shape of the shape memory alloy enables it to push the concrete base plate to restore its shape under temperature changes.

[0095] The relationship between temperature and repair degree is established based on the deformation formula under the action of temperature:

[0096] ΔL=L0ε r ;

[0097] Wherein, L0 is the initial length of the deformed part;

[0098] The phase change recovery strain satisfies: Where, T is the current temperature; T f 、T s : are the phase transition start temperature and phase transition completion temperature, ε max is the maximum strain value.

[0099] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention further provides an automatic repair system, including an automatic repair device, and the automatic repair system is used for the repair method of the above embodiment.

[0100] The other technical advantages of the automatic repair system over the prior art are the same as those of the repair method described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0101] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for repairing cracks in a basement floor, characterized in that: include: According to the position of the crack, a hollow area below the bottom plate is determined; A groove body is provided on the bottom plate, and the groove body is located above the hollow drum area; Drilling a grouting hole connected to the hollow area; Laying an automatic repair device on the bottom of the trough body, and filling the trough body with concrete; The hollow area is filled with slurry through the grouting holes.

2. The repair method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A trough body is provided on the bottom plate, and when the trough body is located above the hollow drum area, the method comprises: A first groove is formed on the bottom plate, and a second groove is formed at the bottom of the first groove; The orthographic projection of the hollow area on the bottom of the first groove is located within the bottom of the first groove, and the orthographic projection of the crack on the bottom of the second groove is located within the bottom of the second groove.

3. The repair method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the second groove is U-shaped, and the second groove and the crack extend in the same direction in the horizontal plane.

4. The repair method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When drilling a grouting hole connected to the hollow area, it includes: A plurality of grouting holes are drilled at the middle position of the bottom of the second groove, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of grouting holes is consistent with the extension direction of the crack in the horizontal plane.

5. The repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When drilling a grouting hole connected to the hollow area, the repair method further includes: A plurality of slurry outlet holes connected with the hollow area are drilled at positions close to the trough wall at the bottom of the first trough, and the slurry outlet holes are located at the periphery of the second trough.

6. The repair method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the automatic repair device is laid on the bottom of the tank and the tank is filled with concrete, the method comprises: An automatic repair device is laid on the bottom of the second groove, and the second groove is filled with early-strength concrete.

7. The repair method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the automatic repair device is laid on the bottom of the tank and the tank is filled with concrete, the method further comprises: The first groove is filled with fine sand concrete.

8. The repair method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the hollow area is filled with slurry through the grouting hole, the method comprises: The slurry outlet holes after slurry outlet are blocked until all the slurry outlet holes are blocked.

9. The repair method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The automatic repair device comprises two rigid plates arranged opposite to each other and at least one deformation component arranged between the two rigid plates.

10. The repair method according to claim 9, characterized in that: A controller is included, and the controller is communicatively connected with the automatic repair device.

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