Fire grate tail combustion efficiency improving device, incinerator and garbage power plant

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire grate tail combustion efficiency improving device, an incinerator and a garbage power plant. The fire grate tail combustion efficiency improving device comprises an air adding device used for conveying gas to a furnace wall; the hot air conveying pipeline is connected with the air adding device, arranged on the incinerator wall of the incinerator and used for receiving the gas of the air adding device and heating the gas through the incinerator wall; the air blowing device is connected with the hot air conveying pipeline and is arranged on a rear wall furnace door of the incinerator; and the gas blowing device blows the gas heated by the incinerator wall to a fire grate tail burnout section in the incinerator from top to bottom. The problems of poor calorific value of the blended combustion stale garbage, rear fire line and slag generation are solved, and the stability and continuity of combustion are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste-to-energy, and in particular to a device for improving combustion efficiency at the tail end of a grate, an incinerator and a waste-to-energy plant. Background Art

[0002] In current waste-to-energy plants, the incineration of stale garbage is an effective way to solve the problem of insufficient garbage entering the plant. However, after a long period of landfill, the stale garbage has a high moisture content and the organic matter has been partially decomposed, resulting in a low calorific value.

[0003] The burning of stale garbage will make the calorific value of the whole fuel unstable, affecting the stability and sustainability of combustion. Due to the low calorific value and slow combustion speed, it is easy to cause the fire line to move backward, making the combustion process difficult to control. The traditional garbage incineration method has certain limitations when dealing with stale garbage, and often faces the problems of poor calorific value and late fire line. This not only affects the combustion efficiency, but also reduces the heat exchange efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the unit, making it difficult to fully meet the needs of efficient combustion and energy utilization. At the same time, due to the poor combustion effect, slag is easily generated, leading to environmental incidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device, an incinerator and a waste power plant, which can improve the combustion efficiency and flue gas flow rate and flow rate at the tail of the terminal grate, supplement the oxygen content in the incinerator to improve the boiler heat exchange efficiency.

[0005] Specifically, the present application provides a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device, which is used in a waste-to-energy plant that burns stale waste; it includes:

[0006] Air supply device, used to deliver gas to the furnace wall;

[0007] a hot air delivery pipeline connected to the air adding device and arranged on the furnace wall of the incinerator, for receiving the gas from the air adding device and heating the gas by using the furnace wall; and

[0008] The blowing device is connected to the hot air conveying pipeline and is arranged on the rear wall furnace door of the incinerator; the blowing device blows the gas heated by the furnace wall from top to bottom to the burnout section at the tail of the grate in the incinerator.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the blowing device includes two nozzles; the two nozzles are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the angle between the nozzle and the grate is 40°-50°.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the hot air delivery pipeline includes a left pipeline and a right pipeline; the left pipeline is arranged on the left furnace wall of the incinerator, and the right pipeline is arranged on the right furnace wall of the incinerator.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the hot air delivery pipeline also includes a converging pipeline;

[0013] The merging pipeline is connected to the left pipeline and the right pipeline respectively, and the merging pipeline is connected to the blowing device; the merging pipeline is used to collect the gas passing through the left pipeline and the right pipeline and transport it to the blowing device.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the hot air delivery pipeline also includes a left-side air blowing pipeline and a right-side air blowing pipeline;

[0015] The air blowing device comprises a left nozzle and a right nozzle; the left nozzle and the right nozzle are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door;

[0016] The left air blowing pipeline is connected to the left nozzle, and the right air blowing pipeline is connected to the right nozzle.

[0017] As a preferred solution, both the left-side air blowing pipeline and the right-side air blowing pipeline are provided with an air volume regulating valve and a pressure gauge.

[0018] In addition, the present application also provides an incinerator for the co-burning of stale garbage, including a grate and also including a device for improving the combustion efficiency at the tail of the grate as described above; the device for improving the combustion efficiency at the tail of the grate blows the gas heated by the furnace wall from top to bottom to the burnout section at the tail of the grate in the incinerator.

[0019] In addition, the present application also provides a waste power plant for the co-burning of stale waste; including the incinerator as described above.

[0020] As a preferred solution, it also includes:

[0021] Garbage pool, used to store garbage;

[0022] A garbage pool suction device, connected to the garbage pool and the incinerator, for absorbing gas from the garbage pool and conveying it to the incinerator;

[0023] A first air supply device is arranged on the left and right sides of the upper part of the incinerator, and is used to supply air to the left and right sides of the incinerator;

[0024] A second air supply device is arranged at the narrowest front and rear sides of the upper passage of the incinerator, and the second air supply device is lower than the first air supply device, and is used to supply air to the grate in the incinerator;

[0025] A boiler connected to the incinerator;

[0026] A deacidification reaction tower, connected to the boiler, for deacidifying the tail gas of the incinerator; and

[0027] A bag filter is connected to the deacidification reaction tower and is used for removing dust from the tail gas of the incinerator.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The problems of poor calorific value, backward fire line and slag generation caused by the co-burning of stale garbage are solved, thus ensuring the stability and continuity of combustion.

[0030] The hot air pressure is maintained at the required pressure by the air adding device, air volume regulating valve and pressure gauge to provide a stable hot air source, and the hot air is transported to the left and right sides of the furnace door on the rear wall of the furnace by means of hot air delivery pipes. Nozzles are arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace door to make the hot air directly hit the five-stage one sliding grate position, solving the problem of the backward fire line of low calorific value garbage incineration, and can also supplement the oxygen-enriched combustion in the incinerator, alleviate the coking problem in the incinerator, further improve the flue gas flow rate and the flue gas flow to increase the heat exchange effect, and achieve efficient combustion and full utilization of energy.

[0031] It can realize oxygen-enriched combustion in the incinerator, has a good disturbing effect on the flue gas generated in the incinerator, and can effectively reduce the coking problem on the incinerator wall and furnace arch.

[0032] It can improve the thermal efficiency of the system. When the flue gas flow rate increases, the flue gas volume increases, thereby enhancing the convective heat exchange. Due to the increase in flue gas flow rate, the heat transfer temperature and pressure between the flue gas and the superheater increase, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect. The increase in flue gas flow rate will also lead to an increase in flue gas flow, further promoting the efficiency of the heat exchange process. When the boiler load increases, the flue gas temperature at the furnace outlet increases, and the flue gas temperature entering the convection heating surface also increases. The heat transfer temperature and pressure increase, coupled with the increase in flue gas flow rate, together increase the steam temperature in the convection superheater and the main steam pressure, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the entire system.

[0033] The application has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, and has high practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0035] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in this application.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a waste power plant in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a part A of a waste power plant in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a device for improving combustion efficiency at the tail end of a grate in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device, element, module, system, platform or device referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The following description of the present application is only understood as a description of individual embodiments of the technical solution of the present application. Other embodiments are not reflected in the following description, but it does not mean that the present application excludes these other embodiments, and the technical solution of the present application is not limited to the specific implementation methods described below, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to only the specific implementation methods described below. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that if the terms "first", "second", etc. appear in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings, the description is only used to distinguish similar objects, and is not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a system, product or device comprising a series of units or modules or modules or components is not necessarily limited to those units or modules or modules or components clearly listed, but may include other components that are not clearly listed or inherent to these systems, products or devices.

[0042] The technical solution of the present application is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0043] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a waste-to-energy plant 1 for the co-combustion of stale waste. The stale waste has been landfilled for a long time, has a high moisture content, and the organic matter has been partially decomposed, resulting in a low calorific value. The co-combustion of stale waste will make the calorific value of the overall fuel unstable.

[0044] The garbage power plant 1 includes an incinerator 11, a garbage pool 12, a garbage pool suction device 13, a grab bucket 14, a boiler 15, a first air supply device 16, a second air supply device 17, a deacidification reaction tower 18, a bag filter 19, a muffler 110, an induced draft fan 111 and a chimney 112.

[0045] Specifically, the garbage pool 12 is used to store garbage.

[0046] The garbage pool suction device 13 is connected to the garbage pool 12 and the incinerator 11 , and is used for absorbing gas from the garbage pool 12 and transporting it to the incinerator 11 .

[0047] The first air supply device 16 is disposed on the left and right sides of the upper part of the incinerator 11 , and is used to supply air to the left and right sides of the incinerator 11 .

[0048] The second air supply device 17 is disposed at the narrowest front and rear sides of the upper passage of the incinerator 11 , and the second air supply device 17 is lower than the first air supply device 16 . The second air supply device 17 is used to supply air to the grate in the incinerator 11 .

[0049] The boiler 15 is connected to the incinerator 11; the boiler 15 is used to utilize the combustion gas of the incinerator for heat exchange.

[0050] The deacidification reaction tower 18 is connected to the boiler 15 , and is used for deacidifying the tail gas of the incinerator 11 .

[0051] The bag filter 19 is connected to the deacidification reaction tower 18 , and the bag filter 19 is used for removing dust from the tail gas of the incinerator 11 .

[0052] The silencer 110 is connected to the bag filter 19 and is used for silencing during the smoke exhaust process.

[0053] The induced draft fan 111 and the muffler 110 , the induced draft fan 111 is used to form negative pressure to exhaust smoke.

[0054] The chimney 112 is connected to the induced draft fan 111, and the chimney 112 is used for exhausting smoke.

[0055] In some embodiments, the incinerator 11 includes a grate and a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device 2; the grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device 2 blows the gas heated by the furnace wall 111 from top to bottom to the grate tail burnout section in the incinerator 11.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 2-3 As shown, a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device 2 is used in a waste-to-energy plant 1 that burns stale waste. The grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device 2 includes:

[0057] The air supply device 21 is used to deliver gas to the furnace wall 111;

[0058] a hot air delivery pipeline 22 connected to the air adding device 21 and disposed on the furnace wall 111 of the incinerator 11, for receiving the gas from the air adding device 21 and heating the gas by using the furnace wall 111; and

[0059] The blowing device 23 is connected to the hot air conveying pipeline 22 and is arranged on the rear wall furnace door 112 of the incinerator 11; the blowing device 23 blows the gas heated by the furnace wall 111 from top to bottom to the burnout section at the tail of the grate in the incinerator 11.

[0060] In some embodiments, the blowing device 23 includes two nozzles; the two nozzles are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door; the angle between the nozzle and the grate is 40°-50°, preferably 45°.

[0061] In some embodiments, the hot air delivery pipeline 22 includes a left pipeline 221 and a right pipeline 222 ; the left pipeline 221 is arranged on the left furnace wall 1111 of the incinerator 11 , and the right pipeline 222 is arranged on the right furnace wall 1112 of the incinerator 11 .

[0062] In some embodiments, the hot air delivery pipeline 22 further includes a merging pipeline 223;

[0063] The merging pipeline 223 is connected to the left pipeline 221 and the right pipeline 222 respectively, and the merging pipeline 223 is connected to the blowing device 23; the merging pipeline 223 is used to collect the gas passing through the left pipeline 221 and the right pipeline 222 and transport it to the blowing device 23.

[0064] In some embodiments, the hot air delivery pipeline 22 further includes a left-side air blowing pipeline 224 and a right-side air blowing pipeline 225;

[0065] The blowing device 23 includes a left nozzle 231 and a right nozzle 232; the left nozzle 231 and the right nozzle 232 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door 112;

[0066] The left air blowing pipeline 224 is connected to the left nozzle 231 , and the right air blowing pipeline 225 is connected to the right nozzle 232 .

[0067] In some embodiments, both the left air blowing pipeline 224 and the right air blowing pipeline 225 are provided with air volume regulating valves 2241 / 2251 and pressure gauges 2242 / 2252 .

[0068] For the incinerator of the garbage power plant, the five-stage grate is special. The tail is already the burnout stage, but the calorific value of the incinerated stale garbage is low. If it is not completely burned in the fifth stage, there will be slag below and material above. The output of the five-stage fan is small and it cannot blow through. This application solves the problem that adding air from the bottom of the grate will only intensify the combustion and cannot replenish the oxygen in the incinerator by blowing the tail of the grate from top to bottom, making the incinerator oxygen-rich and increasing the flue gas flow rate and heat exchange, which is helpful for the mixed burning of stale garbage and industrial garbage. It also has a good disturbing effect on the flue gas generated in the incinerator, which can effectively reduce the coking problem at the incinerator wall and furnace arch, and can improve the thermal efficiency of the system.

[0069] The present application maintains the hot air pressure at the required pressure by an air adding device, an air volume regulating valve and a pressure gauge, provides a stable hot air source, and uses a hot air delivery pipe to deliver the hot air to the left and right sides of the furnace door position on the rear wall of the furnace. Nozzles are arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace door position to make the hot air directly hit the five-stage one sliding grate position, thereby solving the problem of the backward fire line of low calorific value garbage incineration, and can also supplement the oxygen-enriched combustion in the incinerator, alleviate the coking problem in the incinerator, further improve the flue gas flow rate and the flue gas flow to increase the heat exchange effect, and achieve efficient combustion and full utilization of energy.

[0070] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0071] The embodiments described above only express several implementation methods of the present application, which are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device, used in a waste-to-energy plant that burns stale waste; characterized in that: include: Air supply device, used to deliver gas to the furnace wall; a hot air delivery pipeline connected to the air adding device and arranged on the furnace wall of the incinerator, for receiving the gas from the air adding device and heating the gas by using the furnace wall; and The blowing device is connected to the hot air conveying pipeline and is arranged on the rear wall furnace door of the incinerator; the blowing device blows the gas heated by the furnace wall from top to bottom to the burnout section at the tail of the grate in the incinerator.

2. The device for improving combustion efficiency at the tail end of a grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air blowing device comprises two nozzles; the two nozzles are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door.

3. The device for improving combustion efficiency at the tail end of a grate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the nozzle and the grate is 40°-50°.

4. The device for improving combustion efficiency at the tail end of a grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air delivery pipeline includes a left pipeline and a right pipeline; the left pipeline is arranged on the left furnace wall of the incinerator, and the right pipeline is arranged on the right furnace wall of the incinerator.

5. The device for improving combustion efficiency at the tail end of a grate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hot air delivery pipeline also includes a converging pipeline; The merging pipeline is connected to the left pipeline and the right pipeline respectively, and the merging pipeline is connected to the blowing device; the merging pipeline is used to collect the gas passing through the left pipeline and the right pipeline and transport it to the blowing device.

6. The device for improving combustion efficiency at the tail end of a grate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hot air delivery pipeline also includes a left-side air blowing pipeline and a right-side air blowing pipeline; The air blowing device comprises a left nozzle and a right nozzle; the left nozzle and the right nozzle are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door; The left air blowing pipeline is connected to the left nozzle, and the right air blowing pipeline is connected to the right nozzle.

7. The device for improving combustion efficiency at the rear of the grate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The left air blowing pipeline and the right air blowing pipeline are both provided with an air volume regulating valve and a pressure gauge.

8. An incinerator for the mixed burning of stale garbage, comprising a grate; characterized in that It also includes a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device as described in any one of claims 1-7; the grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device blows the gas heated by the furnace wall from top to bottom to the grate tail burnout section in the incinerator.

9. A garbage power plant for burning stale garbage; characterized in that Comprising the incinerator as claimed in claim 8.

10. The waste-to-energy plant according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: Garbage pool, used to store garbage; A garbage pool suction device, connected to the garbage pool and the incinerator, for absorbing gas from the garbage pool and conveying it to the incinerator; A first air supply device is arranged on the left and right sides of the upper part of the incinerator, and is used to supply air to the left and right sides of the incinerator; A second air supply device is arranged at the narrowest front and rear sides of the upper passage of the incinerator, and the second air supply device is lower than the first air supply device, and is used to supply air to the grate in the incinerator; A boiler connected to the incinerator; A deacidification reaction tower, connected to the boiler, used for deacidification of tail gas from the incinerator; as well as A bag filter is connected to the deacidification reaction tower and is used for removing dust from the tail gas of the incinerator.

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