Smelting device

Abstract

The invention provides a smelting device. Comprising a smelting furnace body provided with a smelting cavity; a furnace side feeding part of the furnace side feeding structure is inserted into the side wall of the smelting furnace body and faces the bottom of the smelting cavity; wherein the furnace side feeding part is provided with an air supply opening and a feeding opening, the air supply opening and the feeding opening are both located in the smelting cavity, and the air supply opening is used for introducing fuel and combustion-supporting gas; and the feeding port is used for introducing a to-be-smelted material and carrying gas, so that the to-be-smelted material is laterally blown into the smelting cavity through the carrying gas. By means of the technical scheme, the technical problems that in the prior art, a smelting device is low in smelting efficiency, high in energy consumption and large in smoke dust can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smelting devices, and in particular to a smelting device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the existing smelting device usually conveys the tin-containing materials to be smelted to the furnace top by a belt, and then puts them into the smelting furnace. In addition, the existing smelting device only has a spray gun on the furnace top to introduce fuel and burn oxygen-enriched air into the furnace body to supplement heat and play a certain stirring role on the molten pool.

[0003] However, the method of adding materials on the top of the furnace makes it easy for the materials to be carried away by the flue gas, resulting in a large amount of material circulation, which occupies the production capacity of the smelting furnace. To solve this problem, tin-containing materials often need to be granulated with water. However, the operation of adding water for granulation will also occupy the production capacity of the smelting furnace and increase the energy consumption of smelting. Moreover, after the water is vaporized into high-temperature steam at high temperature, it will enter the subsequent process flue gas treatment system in large quantities, resulting in an increase in the processing capacity and processing cost of the flue gas treatment system, and it is easy to cause slagging on the top of the furnace, forming a safety hazard. At the same time, only setting a spray gun on the top of the furnace will lead to insufficient stirring of the molten pool in the smelting furnace. The position far away from the spray gun is difficult to be fully stirred, which affects the efficiency of smelting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a smelting device to solve the technical problems of low smelting efficiency, high energy consumption and large smoke and dust in the smelting device in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a smelting device, comprising:

[0006] A smelting furnace body, wherein the smelting furnace body has a smelting cavity;

[0007] A furnace side feeding structure, wherein the furnace side feeding part of the furnace side feeding structure is inserted on the side wall of the smelting furnace body and arranged toward the bottom of the smelting chamber;

[0008] Among them, the furnace side feeding part has an air supply port and a feeding port, both of which are located in the smelting chamber. The air supply port is used to introduce fuel and combustion-supporting gas; the feeding port is used to introduce the material to be smelted and the carrier gas, so as to blow the material to be smelted into the smelting chamber through the carrier gas.

[0009] Further, there are at least two furnace side feeding parts, and the at least two furnace side feeding parts are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the smelting furnace body; and / or,

[0010] There are at least two furnace side feeding parts, and the at least two furnace side feeding parts are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the smelting furnace body; and / or,

[0011] The furnace side feeding part is a spray gun structure or a nozzle structure; and / or,

[0012] Along the height direction of the smelting furnace body, the distance between the furnace side feeding part and the inner bottom wall of the smelting furnace body is greater than or equal to 300 mm and less than or equal to 1000 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the furnace side feeding structure includes:

[0014] A material bin, wherein the material bin has a material cavity for storing the material to be smelted, and a first air inlet connected to the material cavity is provided on the material bin, and the first air inlet is connected to a carrier gas source;

[0015] A first side air supply duct is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body, an inlet of the first side air supply duct is connected to an outlet of the material bin, and an outlet of the first side air supply duct is connected to a feeding port;

[0016] The air inlet valve is arranged at the first air inlet, and the opening of the air inlet valve is adjustable to adjust the flow rate of the carrier gas entering the material cavity through the first air inlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the furnace side feeding structure also includes:

[0018] A flux bin, the flux bin having a flux chamber for storing flux and a second air inlet connected to the flux chamber, the second air inlet connected to a carrier gas source; an outlet of the flux bin connected to an inlet of a first side air supply duct; and / or,

[0019] A reducing agent bin, the reducing agent bin having a reducing agent chamber for storing the reducing agent and a third air inlet connected to the reducing agent chamber, the third air inlet connected to the carrier gas source; the outlet of the reducing agent bin is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct; and / or,

[0020] The fuel bin has a fuel cavity for storing fuel and a fourth air inlet connected to the fuel cavity, the fourth air inlet is connected to a carrier gas source; the outlet of the fuel cavity is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct.

[0021] Furthermore, the furnace side feeding structure also includes:

[0022] A second side air supply duct is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body, the inlet of the second side air supply duct is used to introduce fuel and combustion-supporting gas, and the outlet of the second side air supply duct is connected to the air supply port;

[0023] The first valve body and the second valve body are provided on the first side air supply duct, and the second valve body is provided on the second side air supply duct. The openings of the first valve body and the second valve body are adjustable.

[0024] Furthermore, the smelting device also includes:

[0025] The furnace top feeding structure is arranged above the smelting furnace body. The furnace top feeding part of the furnace top feeding structure extends into the smelting chamber and is arranged toward the top of the smelting chamber. The furnace top feeding part has a fuel inlet for introducing fuel and a gas inlet for introducing combustion-supporting gas.

[0026] Furthermore, the furnace top feeding structure also includes:

[0027] A first top air supply duct, the inlet of the first top air supply duct is used to introduce fuel, and the outlet of the first top air supply duct is connected to the fuel inlet;

[0028] a second top air supply duct, the inlet of the second top air supply duct is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas, and the outlet of the second top air supply duct is connected to the gas inlet;

[0029] The third valve body and the fourth valve body, the third valve body is arranged on the first top air supply duct, the fourth valve body is arranged on the second top air supply duct, and the openings of the third valve body and the fourth valve body can be adjusted.

[0030] Furthermore, the furnace top feeding structure also includes:

[0031] a third top air supply duct and a fifth valve body, wherein the inlet of the third top air supply duct is used to introduce compressed gas, the outlet of the third top air supply duct is connected to the gas inlet, the fifth valve body is arranged on the third top air supply duct, and the opening of the fifth valve body is adjustable; and / or,

[0032] a fourth top air supply duct and a sixth valve body, wherein the inlet of the fourth top air supply duct is used to introduce cooling air, the outlet of the fourth top air supply duct is connected to the gas inlet, the sixth valve body is arranged on the fourth top air supply duct, and the opening of the sixth valve body is adjustable; and / or,

[0033] The insulation burner has an outlet located in the smelting chamber and arranged toward the top of the smelting chamber, and the outlet of the first top air supply duct and the outlet of the second top air supply duct are both connected to the inlet of the insulation burner.

[0034] Furthermore, the smelting furnace body also has a feeding port, which is arranged on the top of the smelting furnace body and is connected to the smelting chamber, and the feeding port is used to introduce at least one of flux, fuel, combustion-supporting gas and material to be smelted; and / or,

[0035] The smelting furnace body also has a slag discharge port and a material discharge port, and the slag discharge port and the material discharge port are both arranged at the bottom of the smelting furnace body and are both connected with the smelting chamber.

[0036] Furthermore, the smelting device also includes:

[0037] a temperature detection member, wherein the detection end of the temperature detection member is arranged in the smelting chamber, and the temperature detection member is used to detect the temperature in the smelting chamber; and / or,

[0038] A liquid level detection component, the detection end of which is arranged at the inner side wall of the smelting furnace body, and the liquid level detection component is used to detect the liquid level height in the smelting chamber.

[0039] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the material to be smelted is blown sideways to the smelting chamber through the furnace side feeding part. Compared with the method of feeding at the furnace top, the material is not easily carried away by the flue gas, thereby reducing the material circulation volume, avoiding the operation of adding water for granulation, reducing the occupation of these operations on the production capacity of the smelting furnace body, and thus improving the smelting efficiency. At the same time, by directly introducing fuel and combustion-supporting gas into the bottom of the smelting chamber through the air supply port, a more effective stirring and reaction area can be formed in the smelting chamber, increasing the contact area between the material and the heat source, thereby accelerating the smelting speed and shortening the smelting cycle. In addition, the side-blowing feeding method avoids granulation and water addition of the material at the furnace top, reduces the generation of smoke and dust, reduces the requirements and costs for the subsequent flue gas treatment system, and also reduces the pollution to the environment. Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention can solve the technical problems of low smelting efficiency, high energy consumption and large smoke dust in the smelting device in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a smelting device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle.

[0043] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0044] 1. Melting furnace body;

[0045] 11. Smelting chamber; 12. Slag outlet; 13. Material outlet; 14. Smoke outlet;

[0046] 2. Furnace side feeding structure;

[0047] 21. Furnace side feeding section; 22. Material bin; 23. Flux bin; 24. Reductant bin; 25. Fuel bin; 26. Side blowing air supply valve station; 201. First side air supply duct; 202. Second side air supply duct;

[0048] 3. Furnace top feeding structure;

[0049] 31. Furnace top feeding section; 32. Top blowing air supply valve station; 301. First top air supply duct; 302. Second top air supply duct; 303. Third top air supply duct; 304. Fourth top air supply duct;

[0050] 4. Heat preservation burner;

[0051] 51. Combustion-supporting gas; 52. Fuel; 53. Reducing agent; 54. Flux; 55. Material to be smelted; 56. Carrier gas;

[0052] 61. Flue gas treatment system; 62. Crude tin treatment system; 63. Lean tin slag treatment system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a smelting device, which includes a smelting furnace body 1 and a furnace side feeding structure 2. The smelting furnace body 1 has a smelting chamber 11. The furnace side feeding part 21 of the furnace side feeding structure 2 is inserted on the side wall of the smelting furnace body 1 and is arranged toward the bottom of the smelting chamber 11. The furnace side feeding part 21 has an air supply port and a feeding port, both of which are located in the smelting chamber 11. The air supply port is used to pass fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51; the feeding port is used to pass material 55 to be smelted and carrier gas 56, so as to side-blow the material 55 to be smelted into the smelting chamber 11 through the carrier gas 56.

[0055] By adopting the smelting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the material 55 to be smelted is blown sideways to the smelting chamber 11 through the furnace side feeding part 21. Compared with the method of feeding on the furnace top, the material is not easily carried away by the flue gas, thereby reducing the material circulation amount, avoiding the operation of adding water and granulating, reducing the occupation of these operations on the production capacity of the smelting furnace body 1, and thus improving the smelting efficiency. At the same time, by directly introducing the fuel 52 and the combustion-supporting gas 51 into the bottom of the smelting chamber 11 through the air supply port, a more effective stirring and reaction area can be formed in the smelting chamber, increasing the contact area between the material and the heat source, thereby accelerating the smelting speed and shortening the smelting cycle. In addition, the side-blowing feeding method avoids granulating and adding water to the material on the furnace top, reduces the generation of smoke and dust, reduces the requirements and costs of the subsequent flue gas treatment system, and also reduces the pollution to the environment. In addition, the absence of granulation and adding water also reduces the power consumption, coal consumption and water consumption during the smelting process. Therefore, the smelting device provided by this embodiment can solve the technical problems of low smelting efficiency, high energy consumption and large smoke and dust in the smelting device in the prior art.

[0056] Specifically, the fuel 52 includes at least one of coal, coke, diesel, natural gas and hydrogen. The combustion-supporting gas 51 includes at least air or oxygen-enriched air, and the oxygen-enriched air has an oxygen concentration of 20% to 100%. The material to be smelted 55 is a tin-containing material, and the tin-containing material includes tin concentrate, tin ore, smoke, pre-treated roasted sand and tin-containing return material generated by the crude tin processing system, the lean tin slag processing system and the flue gas processing system. The carrier gas 56 is any one of air, nitrogen and helium.

[0057] Specifically, the smelting device is suitable for smelting metals such as tin, copper, and lead.

[0058] Specifically, there are at least two furnace side feeding parts 21, and at least two furnace side feeding parts 21 are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the smelting furnace body 1. With such a structural arrangement, at least two furnace side feeding parts 21 are arranged along the periphery, and materials can be fed into the smelting chamber 11 from different angles, so that the materials are more evenly distributed in the smelting chamber 11, the stirring effect in the molten pool is enhanced, and the contact and reaction between the materials and the melt are promoted. At the same time, the fineness of the material input during the smelting process is also enhanced, and the excessive wear of the furnace wall or furnace bottom caused by the concentration of materials at one point is avoided, thereby extending the service life of the furnace body.

[0059] Specifically, there are at least two furnace side feeding parts 21, and at least two furnace side feeding parts 21 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the smelting furnace body 1. With such a structural arrangement, multiple furnace side feeding parts 21 are arranged in the height direction, so that fuel 52 and materials can be introduced at different height positions of the smelting chamber 11, which is helpful for the vertical distribution of heat in the molten pool, and promotes uniform heating of the melt and sufficient reaction of the raw materials.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the number of furnace side feeding parts 21 is 2 to 8. Figure 2 2 shows a case where the number of furnace side feeding parts 21 is 8. The plurality of furnace side feeding parts 21 are evenly spaced along the periphery of the smelting furnace body 1 to improve the distribution uniformity of the input materials in the smelting chamber 11.

[0061] Specifically, the furnace side feeding part 21 is a spray gun structure or a nozzle structure. With such a structural arrangement, the fuel 52 and the material can be more effectively sprayed into the smelting chamber 11 at a high speed, increasing the contact area between the material and the melt and improving the reaction efficiency. The spray gun or nozzle structure allows the input amount and the spray speed of the material and the fuel 52 to be accurately controlled, which helps to maintain the stability of the smelting process parameters and improve the controllability of the smelting process.

[0062] In another embodiment, the furnace side feeding part 21 includes a side blowing lance and a material nozzle, wherein the side blowing lance is used to introduce fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51 and spray the fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51 into the smelting chamber 11. The material nozzle is used to introduce the material 55 to be smelted and the carrier gas 56, so as to side-blow the material 55 to be smelted into the smelting chamber 11 through the carrier gas 56.

[0063] Specifically, in order to enhance the durability and life of the furnace side feeding portion 21 , the furnace side feeding portion 21 is made of high temperature resistant material.

[0064] Specifically, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the furnace side feeding portion 21 and the side wall of the smelting furnace body 1, which can adjust the spraying angle of the furnace side feeding portion 21 during the smelting process to meet the needs of different smelting stages.

[0065] Specifically, along the height direction of the smelting furnace body 1, the distance between the furnace side feeding part 21 and the inner bottom wall of the smelting furnace body 1 is greater than or equal to 300 mm and less than or equal to 1000 mm. With such a structural arrangement, since the molten pool is located at the bottom of the smelting chamber 11, such an arrangement can ensure that the material 55 to be smelted can quickly contact the molten pool after entering the smelting chamber 11 to start the smelting process. At the same time, the appropriate distance can reduce the thermal shock of the smelting material on the bottom of the furnace body, reduce the thermal stress at the bottom of the furnace body, and thus extend the service life of the smelting furnace body 1.

[0066] In this embodiment, the furnace side feeding structure 2 includes a material bin 22, the material bin 22 has a material cavity for storing the material 55 to be smelted, and a first air inlet connected to the material cavity is provided on the material bin 22, and the first air inlet is connected to the carrier gas source. The furnace side feeding structure 2 also includes a first side air supply duct 201 and an air inlet valve, the first side air supply duct 201 is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body 1, the inlet of the first side air supply duct 201 is connected to the outlet of the material bin 22, and the outlet of the first side air supply duct 201 is connected to the feeding port. The air inlet valve is arranged at the first air inlet, and the opening of the air inlet valve is adjustable to adjust the flow rate of the carrier gas 56 entering the material cavity through the first air inlet. With such a structural arrangement, the flow rate of the carrier gas 56 can be accurately controlled through the adjustable air inlet valve, thereby controlling the speed and amount of the material 55 to be smelted entering the smelting cavity, thereby improving the controllability of the smelting process and the accuracy of material processing.

[0067] Specifically, the furnace side feeding structure 2 also includes a flux bin 23, which has a flux cavity for storing flux 54 and a second air inlet connected to the flux cavity, and the second air inlet is connected to the carrier gas source; the outlet of the flux bin 23 is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct 201. With such a structural arrangement, the flux 54 can adjust the slag shape, so that the slag produced during the smelting process has better fluidity, which is conducive to the separation of metal and slag, and improves the metal recovery rate and product quality. The carrier gas 56 can ensure that the flux 54 is efficiently and accurately added to the molten pool, reducing the loss of the flux 54 during the addition process and reducing the cost of the smelting process.

[0068] Specifically, in order to better control the input amount of the flux 54, a first air valve is provided on the second air inlet, and the opening of the first air valve is adjustable.

[0069] Specifically, the flux 54 includes at least limestone and quartz. The flux 54 is a granular solid, and the maximum diameter of the flux 54 particles is less than 1 mm.

[0070] Specifically, the furnace side feeding structure 2 further includes a reducing agent bin 24, which has a reducing agent chamber for storing the reducing agent 53 and a third air inlet connected to the reducing agent chamber, and the third air inlet is connected to the carrier gas source; the outlet of the reducing agent bin 24 is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct 201. With such a structural arrangement, the design of the reducing agent chamber ensures that the reducing agent 53 can be accurately added to the molten pool and fully contacted with the oxide, thereby improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction and accelerating the smelting process.

[0071] Specifically, the third air inlet is provided with a second air valve, and the opening of the second air valve is adjustable. Thus, by adjusting the opening of the second air valve, the amount of reducing agent 53 added can be accurately controlled to avoid excessive or insufficient addition, thereby ensuring the stability of the smelting process and the quality of the product.

[0072] Specifically, the reducing agent 53 includes at least any one of lump coal, pulverized coal, coke, natural gas and hydrogen.

[0073] In another embodiment, the reducing agent 53 is gas or liquid, the reducing agent bin 24 has a reducing agent cavity for storing the reducing agent 53 , and the outlet of the reducing agent bin 24 is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct 201 .

[0074] Specifically, the furnace side feeding structure 2 further includes a fuel bin 25, which has a fuel cavity for storing fuel 52 and a fourth air inlet connected to the fuel cavity, the fourth air inlet being connected to the carrier gas source; the outlet of the fuel cavity is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct 201. With such a structural arrangement, the connection between the fuel cavity and the side blowing duct can accurately control the input amount of the fuel 52, thereby accurately controlling the heat input in the smelting chamber 11, maintaining the molten pool temperature within an ideal range, and improving the smelting efficiency.

[0075] Specifically, in order to better control the input amount of the fuel 52, a third air valve is provided on the fourth air inlet, and the opening of the third air valve is adjustable.

[0076] Specifically, the fuel 52 includes at least any one of coal, coke, diesel, natural gas and hydrogen.

[0077] In another embodiment, the fuel 52 is gas or liquid, and the fuel bin 25 has a fuel cavity for storing the fuel 52 , and the outlet of the fuel cavity is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct 201 .

[0078] Specifically, the furnace side feeding structure 2 also includes a second side air supply duct 202, which is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body 1, and the inlet of the second side air supply duct 202 is used to introduce fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51, and the outlet of the second side air supply duct 202 is connected to the air supply port. The furnace side feeding structure 2 also includes a first valve body and a second valve body, the first valve body is arranged on the first side air supply duct 201, and the second valve body is arranged on the second side air supply duct 202, and the openings of the first valve body and the second valve body can be adjusted. With such a structural setting, the amount of material entering, as well as the amount of fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51 entering can be controlled by adjusting the openings of the first valve body and the second valve body, so as to better meet the needs of different smelting requirements and reaction stages.

[0079] In this embodiment, the smelting device further includes a furnace top feeding structure 3, which is arranged above the smelting furnace body 1, and a furnace top feeding portion 31 of the furnace top feeding structure 3 extends into the smelting chamber 11 and is arranged toward the top of the smelting chamber 11; the furnace top feeding portion 31 has a fuel inlet for introducing fuel 52 and a gas inlet for introducing combustion-supporting gas 51. With such a structural arrangement, the arrangement of the furnace top feeding structure 3 enables the top of the smelting chamber 11 to also receive fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51, thereby increasing the heat source supplement of the molten pool, contributing to the temperature balance of the entire molten pool, and improving the smelting efficiency. The combined use of the furnace top feeding structure 3 and the furnace side feeding structure 2 can flexibly adjust the distribution of materials and heat sources according to the properties of the smelting materials and the internal state of the molten pool, optimize the smelting process, and improve the metal direct recovery rate and product quality.

[0080] Specifically, the furnace top feeding part 31 is a spray gun structure or a nozzle structure.

[0081] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 also includes a first top air supply duct 301, a second top air supply duct 302, a third valve body and a fourth valve body. The inlet of the first top air supply duct 301 is used to introduce fuel 52, and the outlet of the first top air supply duct 301 is connected to the fuel inlet. The inlet of the second top air supply duct 302 is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas 51, and the outlet of the second top air supply duct 302 is connected to the gas inlet. The third valve body is arranged on the first top air supply duct 301, and the fourth valve body is arranged on the second top air supply duct 302. The openings of the third valve body and the fourth valve body can be adjusted. With such a structural arrangement, the independent arrangement of the first top air supply duct 301 and the second top air supply duct 302 allows the operator to accurately control the flow of fuel 52 and combustion-supporting gas 51 at the top of the molten pool according to the smelting requirements, thereby accurately controlling the heat energy input at the top of the molten pool and improving the controllability of the smelting process.

[0082] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 also includes a third top air supply duct 303 and a fifth valve body, the inlet of the third top air supply duct 303 is used to introduce compressed gas, the outlet of the third top air supply duct 303 is connected to the gas inlet, and the fifth valve body is arranged on the third top air supply duct 303, and the opening of the fifth valve body is adjustable. With such a structural arrangement, the input of compressed gas can enhance the material disturbance at the top of the molten pool, promote the uniform mixing of the smelting material and the melt, and accelerate the reaction rate. The input of compressed gas can also be used as an auxiliary means to control the temperature of the molten pool, prevent local overheating, protect the furnace top equipment, and extend its service life.

[0083] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 further includes a fourth top air supply duct 304 and a sixth valve body, the inlet of the fourth top air supply duct 304 is used to introduce cooling air, the outlet of the fourth top air supply duct 304 is connected to the gas inlet, and the sixth valve body is arranged on the fourth top air supply duct 304, and the opening of the sixth valve body is adjustable. With such a structural arrangement, the input of cooling air can effectively reduce the temperature of the top of the molten pool, prevent local overheating, protect the furnace top feeding part 31 and the smelting furnace body 1, and extend their service life.

[0084] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 further includes a heat preservation burner 4, the outlet of the heat preservation burner 4 is located in the smelting chamber 11 and is arranged toward the top of the smelting chamber 11, and the outlet of the first top air supply duct 301 and the outlet of the second top air supply duct 302 are both connected to the inlet of the heat preservation burner 4. With such a structural arrangement, the heat preservation burner 4 can stably provide heat, help maintain the temperature of the top of the molten pool within a suitable smelting range, and ensure smelting efficiency and product quality.

[0085] In this embodiment, the smelting furnace body 1 further has a charging port, which is arranged at the top of the smelting furnace body 1 and communicated with the smelting chamber 11, and is used to introduce at least one of the flux 54, the fuel 52, the combustion-supporting gas 51 and the material to be smelted 55. With such a structural arrangement, the arrangement of the charging port allows the operator to flexibly add the flux 54, the fuel 52, the combustion-supporting gas 51 and the material to be smelted 55 through the charging port according to the smelting requirements and the state of the molten pool, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the smelting process.

[0086] Specifically, the furnace top feeding structure 3 further includes a top blowing lance, which is used to introduce the material to be smelted 55 and the carrier gas 56, so as to blow the material to be smelted 55 into the smelting chamber 11 through the carrier gas 56. In this way, auxiliary feeding can be performed at the furnace top through the top blowing lance, which effectively improves the uniformity of feeding.

[0087] In this embodiment, the smelting furnace body 1 also has a slag discharge port 12 and a discharge port 13, both of which are arranged at the bottom of the smelting furnace body 1 and are connected to the smelting chamber 11. With such a structural arrangement, the slag discharge port 12 is arranged to facilitate the discharge of slag, improve the separation efficiency of slag and molten metal, and ensure the purity of molten metal. Through the precise control of the discharge port 13, the mixing of molten metal with slag during the discharge process can be reduced, the loss of molten metal is reduced, and the direct recovery rate of metal is improved.

[0088] Specifically, the smelting device further includes a temperature detection member, the detection end of which is arranged in the smelting chamber 11, and the temperature detection member is used to detect the temperature in the smelting chamber 11. With such a structural arrangement, the arrangement of the temperature detection member enables the operator to monitor the temperature change in the smelting chamber 11 in real time, which is very important for controlling the chemical reaction rate, material melting speed and product quality during the smelting process.

[0089] Specifically, the smelting device also includes a liquid level detection component, the detection end of which is arranged at the inner side wall of the smelting furnace body 1, and the liquid level detection component is used to detect the liquid level height in the smelting chamber 11. With such a structural arrangement, the liquid level detection component can monitor the liquid level height of the molten pool in real time, which is very important for ensuring the stability of the molten pool and the continuity of the smelting process. The arrangement of the liquid level detection component enables the operator to adjust the feeding speed and smelting parameters in time according to the liquid level data, and also helps to judge the smelting stage, avoiding production accidents caused by improper liquid level control, and improving the safety and controllability of the smelting process.

[0090] like Figure 1As shown, the core component of the smelting device is the smelting furnace body 1, which is the heat source and material processing center of the entire device. The smelting furnace body 1 is equipped with a smelting chamber 11, which is the core space for material smelting. The bottom of the furnace body is designed with a slag discharge port 12 and a material discharge port 13, which are used to discharge slag and residual materials after the smelting process is completed, ensuring the cleanliness of the furnace body and the smoothness of subsequent operations. The top of the furnace body is provided with a smoke outlet 14, which is used to guide the smoke generated during the smelting process to be discharged, to avoid the accumulation of smoke in the furnace body, affecting the smelting efficiency and the health of the operator.

[0091] Specifically, the smoke outlet 14 is connected to the smoke treatment system 61. The smoke treatment system 61 is responsible for treating the smoke generated during the smelting process. These smokes include byproducts such as oxides and sulfides generated during the smelting process, as well as waste gas generated by the combustion of the fuel 52. The main task of the smoke treatment system is to recover the heat in the smoke, reduce the emission of pollutants, and achieve the purpose of environmental protection and energy saving.

[0092] Specifically, the discharge port 13 is connected to the crude tin processing system 62. The crude tin processing system is used to process the crude tin obtained during the smelting process, that is, the unrefined tin metal. The main task of this system is to further process the crude tin, remove impurities therein, and improve the purity of the tin metal.

[0093] Specifically, the slag outlet 12 is connected to the lean tin slag processing system 63. The lean tin slag processing system is used to process the lean tin slag produced during the smelting process, that is, the smelting residue with a low tin content. The main task of this system is to recover the tin metal in the lean tin slag and reduce resource waste.

[0094] Specifically, the side-blowing air supply valve station 26 is connected to the second side air supply duct 202, and the side-blowing air supply valve station 26 is responsible for controlling and adjusting the gas flow in the second side air supply duct 202, ensuring that the fuel 52, combustion-supporting gas 51, reducing agent 53, etc. in the smelting process can enter the furnace side feeding part 21 at a suitable ratio and flow rate, thereby affecting the chemical reaction and thermodynamic conditions in the molten pool. Specifically, the side-blowing air supply valve station 26 includes a plurality of valves, each corresponding to a different pipeline. The operator can control the amount of each substance entering by adjusting the opening of the valve to adapt to different stages and reaction conditions of the smelting process.

[0095] Specifically, the first top air supply duct 301, the second top air supply duct 302, the third top air supply duct 303 and the fourth top air supply duct 304 are all connected to the top blowing air supply valve station 32, which is responsible for controlling and adjusting the flow rate and type of air entering the furnace top feeding section 31. Through the top blowing air supply valve station 32, the operator can control the supply of fuel 52 during the smelting process, the ratio of the combustion-supporting gas 51, and other materials transported through the furnace top feeding section 31. The top blowing air supply valve station 32 also includes multiple valves for controlling the flow rate entering the furnace top feeding section 31 from different ducts.

[0096] Specifically, the smelting process applicable to the smelting device includes: gas or liquid materials are sprayed into the furnace body from the top blowing lance (equivalent to the furnace top feeding part 31), the side blowing lance (equivalent to the furnace side feeding part 21) or the heat preservation burner 4, so that the melt in the furnace is violently tumbling or heat is supplemented, and the solid or liquid materials are transported by the carrier gas 56 through the furnace side feeding part 21 through the injection system according to a certain metering ratio and sprayed into the violently tumbling melt, and the three stages of melting, reduction and slag discharge are rapidly carried out at 1200℃~1300℃ to obtain crude tin, tin-poor slag and flue gas. The crude tin enters the fire refining system to produce refined tin containing 99.95% tin, the tin-poor slag enters the tin slag fumigation treatment system, and the flue gas enters the waste heat boiler to recover waste heat. Among them, the solid or liquid materials refer to tin-containing materials, flux 54, reducing agent 53 and fuel 52. In order to meet the injection requirements, the particle diameter of the solid material is less than 1mm. The gaseous or liquid materials refer to combustion-supporting gas 51 , reducing agent 53 and fuel 52 .

[0097] Specifically, the top-blowing lance (equivalent to the furnace top feeding part 31) sprays pulverized coal (fuel 52) and burns oxygen-enriched air (combustion-supporting gas 51) into the smelting chamber 11 to supplement heat, and the tin roasted sand and smoke (material to be smelted 55) sprayed into the molten pool by the side-blowing lance (equivalent to the furnace side feeding part 21) are melted. When the molten tin roasted sand and smoke form a molten pool reaching 1.6m, reduction smelting is carried out, and the side-blowing lance begins to spray pulverized coal into the molten pool as a reducing agent 53. At the same time, the top-blowing lance sprays pulverized coal and burns oxygen-enriched air into the smelting furnace to supplement heat, providing the heat required for the reaction. Quartz and limestone are added from the furnace top feeding port as flux 54 to adjust the slag shape. The smelting cycle of the smelting device is 8 hours per furnace, 3 furnaces per day. Each furnace is divided into three stages: melting, reduction, and slag discharge. During the smelting process, continuous feeding is performed, and an intermittent operation system of multiple tin discharges and one slag discharge is adopted. Tin is discharged from the tin discharge port (equivalent to the discharge port 13) at regular intervals. During the tin discharge operation, the feeding is not stopped and the smelting process continues. The tin content of the intermediate slag of the smelting furnace is controlled at 15-20%. When the tin content of the slag in the reduction stage drops to 3-5%, the reduction is completed, and the tin discharge and slag discharge operations are carried out. After the slag discharge is completed, a certain amount of slag is left in the furnace as the bottom slag for the next furnace production, and the depth of the bottom slag molten pool is 400mm. In this way, the transportation characteristics of roasted sand and smoke are utilized to directly spray dry powder materials into the furnace without granulation or water replenishment, thereby reducing the power consumption, coal consumption and water consumption in the smelting process, reducing the smoke rate, increasing the direct recovery rate of tin smelting, reducing the processing volume and processing cost of the flue gas treatment system 61, reducing the incidence of slagging on the furnace top, improving the safety of production, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction, and improving the production environment.

[0098] Specifically, under different production scales, by using the smelting device provided in this embodiment, the reduction ratio of fuel 52 consumption, the reduction ratio of smoke rate, the increase ratio of direct recovery rate and the cost savings are shown in the following table.

[0099]

[0100] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: through the complementarity of side blowing and top blowing, the flexibility of the smelting device is enhanced, multi-directional stirring is formed, the reaction capacity of the raw materials is improved, and the problem of short service life of a single top blowing spray gun is compensated, and the operation rate is improved. The powdered raw materials are sprayed into the molten pool for smelting through the side blowing spray gun, which can enable the raw materials to quickly undergo three stages of melting, reduction, and slag discharge during the smelting process to obtain crude tin, poor tin slag and flue gas, reduce the smoke rate by 4% to 10%, make full use of the production capacity of the smelting furnace, reduce energy consumption by 4 to 8%, reduce the processing capacity of the flue gas treatment system, save costs by 20 million yuan / year to 50 million yuan / year, reduce the incidence of slagging on the furnace top, and improve production safety. The tin roasted sand and smoke are transported by a single-bin pump pipeline and sprayed into the melt of the smelting furnace through the side blowing spray gun. The tin raw materials are transported in a closed manner, reducing dust flying and reducing the smoke rate of the smelting process, thereby improving the direct recovery rate and recovery rate of tin.

[0101] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0102] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the application. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0103] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0104] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0105] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0106] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smelting device, characterized in that: include: A smelting furnace body (1), wherein the smelting furnace body (1) has a smelting chamber (11); A furnace side feeding structure (2), wherein a furnace side feeding portion (21) of the furnace side feeding structure (2) is inserted on a side wall of the smelting furnace body (1) and arranged toward the bottom of the smelting chamber (11); The furnace side feeding portion (21) comprises an air supply port and a feeding port, both of which are located in the smelting chamber (11). The air supply port is used for introducing fuel and combustion-supporting gas; the feeding port is used for introducing material to be smelted and a carrier gas, so as to side-blow the material to be smelted into the smelting chamber (11) through the carrier gas.

2. The smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two furnace side feeding parts (21), and at least two furnace side feeding parts (21) are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the smelting furnace body (1); and / or, There are at least two furnace side feeding parts (21), and at least two furnace side feeding parts (21) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the smelting furnace body (1); and / or, The furnace side feeding part (21) is a spray gun structure or a nozzle structure; and / or, Along the height direction of the smelting furnace body (1), the distance between the furnace side feeding part (21) and the inner bottom wall of the smelting furnace body (1) is greater than or equal to 300 mm and less than or equal to 1000 mm.

3. The smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace side feeding structure (2) comprises: A material bin (22), the material bin (22) having a material cavity for storing the material to be smelted, the material bin (22) being provided with a first air inlet connected to the material cavity, the first air inlet being connected to a carrier gas source; A first side air supply duct (201) is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body (1), the inlet of the first side air supply duct (201) is connected to the outlet of the material bin (22), and the outlet of the first side air supply duct (201) is connected to the feeding port; An air inlet valve is arranged at the first air inlet, and the opening of the air inlet valve is adjustable to adjust the flow rate of the carrier fluid entering the material cavity through the first air inlet.

4. The smelting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furnace side feeding structure (2) further comprises: A flux bin (23), the flux bin (23) comprising a flux chamber for storing flux and a second air inlet connected to the flux chamber, the second air inlet connected to the carrier gas source; the outlet of the flux bin (23) connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct (201); and / or, a reducing agent bin (24), the reducing agent bin (24) comprising a reducing agent chamber for storing reducing agent and a third air inlet connected to the reducing agent chamber, the third air inlet connected to the carrier gas source; an outlet of the reducing agent bin (24) connected to an inlet of the first side air supply duct (201); and / or, A fuel bin (25), wherein the fuel bin (25) has a fuel cavity for storing fuel and a fourth air inlet connected to the fuel cavity, wherein the fourth air inlet is connected to the carrier gas source; and the outlet of the fuel cavity is connected to the inlet of the first side air supply duct (201).

5. The smelting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furnace side feeding structure (2) further comprises: A second side air supply pipe (202) is arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body (1), the inlet of the second side air supply pipe (202) is used to introduce fuel and combustion-supporting gas, and the outlet of the second side air supply pipe (202) is connected to the air supply port; A first valve body and a second valve body, wherein the first valve body is arranged on the first side air supply duct (201), and the second valve body is arranged on the second side air supply duct (202), and the openings of the first valve body and the second valve body are adjustable.

6. The smelting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The smelting device also includes: A furnace top feeding structure (3) is arranged above the smelting furnace body (1); a furnace top feeding portion (31) of the furnace top feeding structure (3) extends into the smelting chamber (11) and is arranged toward the top of the smelting chamber (11); the furnace top feeding portion (31) has a fuel inlet for introducing fuel and a gas inlet for introducing combustion-supporting gas.

7. The smelting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The furnace top feeding structure (3) further comprises: A first top air supply duct (301), wherein the inlet of the first top air supply duct (301) is used to introduce the fuel, and the outlet of the first top air supply duct (301) is connected to the fuel inlet; A second top air supply duct (302), wherein the inlet of the second top air supply duct (302) is used to introduce the combustion-supporting gas, and the outlet of the second top air supply duct (302) is connected to the gas inlet; A third valve body and a fourth valve body, wherein the third valve body is arranged on the first top air supply duct (301), and the fourth valve body is arranged on the second top air supply duct (302), and the openings of the third valve body and the fourth valve body are adjustable.

8. The smelting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The furnace top feeding structure (3) further comprises: a third top air supply duct (303) and a fifth valve body, wherein the inlet of the third top air supply duct (303) is used to introduce compressed gas, the outlet of the third top air supply duct (303) is connected to the gas inlet, the fifth valve body is arranged on the third top air supply duct (303), and the opening degree of the fifth valve body is adjustable; and / or, a fourth top air supply duct (304) and a sixth valve body, wherein the inlet of the fourth top air supply duct (304) is used to allow cooling air to enter, the outlet of the fourth top air supply duct (304) is connected to the gas inlet, the sixth valve body is arranged on the fourth top air supply duct (304), and the opening of the sixth valve body is adjustable; and / or, An insulation burner (4), the outlet of the insulation burner (4) is located in the smelting chamber (11) and is arranged toward the top of the smelting chamber (11), and the outlet of the first top air supply duct (301) and the outlet of the second top air supply duct (302) are both connected to the inlet of the insulation burner (4).

9. The smelting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The smelting furnace body (1) further comprises a charging port, which is arranged at the top of the smelting furnace body (1) and is connected to the smelting chamber (11), and is used to introduce at least one of flux, fuel, combustion-supporting gas and material to be smelted; and / or, The smelting furnace body (1) also has a slag discharge port (12) and a material discharge port (13); the slag discharge port (12) and the material discharge port (13) are both arranged at the bottom of the smelting furnace body (1) and are both connected to the smelting chamber (11).

10. The smelting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The smelting device also includes: a temperature detection member, wherein a detection end of the temperature detection member is arranged in the smelting chamber (11), and the temperature detection member is used to detect the temperature in the smelting chamber (11); and / or, A liquid level detection member, wherein a detection end of the liquid level detection member is arranged on the inner wall of the smelting furnace body (1), and the liquid level detection member is used to detect the liquid level height in the smelting chamber (11).

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