Distributed system

Abstract

According to the distributed system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, a data acquisition terminal can be configured with various interfaces to be connected with a sensor, so that different fluid environment monitoring requirements can be met; the data acquisition terminals communicate with each other, so that the data transmission distance limitation is avoided; the data loss risk is reduced through mutual transmission of sensor data; a plurality of automatic control terminals are used for processing the operation process step by step, and compared with operation only through a central controller, the calculation power requirement and the hardware cost are reduced; the terminal is selected and matched according to the computing power requirement, so that the selection and matching flexibility is improved; when the terminal is abnormal, only the abnormal terminal and the associated terminal are maintained, so that the complexity of system maintenance is reduced; when the operation function needs to be added or deleted, the flexible establishment of the network can be realized by adding or deleting the terminal; the decentralized architecture reduces the dependence on a central controller, and the architecture is combined with data acquisition terminals which communicate with each other to realize management and control by taking a sensor as a unit; in conclusion, the distributed system applicable to complex fluid state adjustment is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This article relates to industrial control technology, especially a distributed system. Background Art

[0002] With the advent of the era of China's manufacturing, the demand for precise control and real-time monitoring of fluid systems is increasing. In many fields such as electricity, petroleum, chemical industry and water treatment, real-time monitoring and precise control of fluid state parameters (such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc.) are crucial to improving production efficiency, ensuring equipment safety and reducing environmental pollution. Although the data acquisition and monitoring control systems (such as SCADA systems) in related technologies have met these needs to a certain extent, the limitations of the centralized architecture make it seem incapable when faced with large-scale and complex fluid systems.

[0003] With the large-scale application of complex data, the data acquisition and monitoring control system in the related technology can no longer meet the requirements; this is because the existing system is mainly based on simple mathematical models and feedback mechanisms, and its original design is to handle relatively single and stable control tasks. The system in the related technology has the following problems: 1. The initial investment cost of hardware and software is relatively high, including the cost of purchasing hardware such as controllers, input and output modules, communication equipment, and the cost of purchasing and installing related software (such as programming software, monitoring software, etc.); for small and medium-sized enterprises or projects with limited budgets, this may become a considerable burden. 2. With the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous changes in industrial needs, regular upgrades and maintenance may be required, and the upgrade and maintenance costs are high; including hardware upgrades (such as replacing higher-performance controllers or input and output modules) and software updates (such as adding new functions or fixing known vulnerabilities); these upgrades and maintenance work usually require professional technicians to operate and may involve additional costs; in addition, if the system is large or complex, the cost of upgrades and maintenance may increase further. 3. The software licensing fee is high. The software of the control system usually needs to be licensed before it can be used. For users who need to use multiple software functions or a large number of software licenses, the software licensing fee may become a considerable expense. In addition, if the software needs to be updated or upgraded regularly, users will also need to pay additional licensing fees or subscription fees. 4. The cost of customized development is high: In some application scenarios, users may need to customize the traditional control system according to their specific needs; this may include writing specific control programs, developing specific user interfaces, or integrating specific third-party devices; these customized developments usually require professional technicians and may involve additional costs. 5. Unable to meet the analysis of complex data such as images: Existing systems can often only accept and process data in specific formats and types; for example, on automated production lines, control systems may mainly rely on Boolean signals to receive instructions and perform tasks; however, with the development of modern industry, data types are becoming increasingly diverse and complex data types (such as images, videos, etc.), and existing systems may be unable to handle these new data types. 6. The database is stored on a central server or monitoring end, and it is not easy to recover once a failure occurs.

[0004] In summary, in modern industry, scientific research, medical and other fields, the application of complex data such as images is becoming more and more widespread. These data are highly nonlinear, time-varying and uncertain. Existing systems are unable to cope with these complex data. With the large-scale application of complex data such as images, existing systems can no longer meet the needs of modern industry and technological development. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a distributed system, including: two or more data acquisition terminals communicating with each other, one or more first automatic control terminals, one or more second automatic control terminals, and one or more third automatic control terminals, each of which is connected to one or more predetermined sensors, each of which is used to collect a fluid state-related parameter or a working state parameter of a fluid control device; wherein, The data acquisition terminal is configured to: obtain sensor data collected by a sensor connected to itself; exchange sensor data received by itself with other data acquisition terminals other than itself; preprocess one or more received sensor data to obtain preprocessed fluid state related parameters and working state parameters; broadcast and send the preprocessed fluid state related parameters to the first automatic control terminal, and broadcast and send the preprocessed working state parameters to the third automatic control device; The first automatic control terminals are respectively configured to: obtain fluid state parameters according to the received pre-processed fluid state related parameters; and output the obtained fluid state parameters to one or more second automatic control terminals; The second automatic control terminal is configured to: obtain a first index for determining the fluid flow state and a second index for determining the equipment performance according to the received fluid state parameter, and output the obtained first index and second index to one or more third automatic control terminals; The third automatic control terminal is configured to obtain a control instruction for controlling the fluid state control device to adjust the fluid state according to the received first index, the second index and the pre-processed working state parameter.

[0006] The data acquisition terminal of the disclosed embodiment can be configured with multiple interfaces to connect multiple sensors, providing a network foundation for accessing complex data including images and videos, and can flexibly adapt to different fluid environment monitoring requirements; the data acquisition terminals communicate with each other, avoiding the transmission distance limitation of sensor data and realizing efficient long-distance transmission of sensor data; the data transmission between the data acquisition terminals reduces the risk of data loss and improves the security of data; for a large number of operations involved in fluid state control, the operation process is split and processed step by step by the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal, which reduces the terminal computing power requirements compared to the system structure that only uses one central controller for computing and processing, and can be adapted to use low-computing power hardware, thereby reducing the hardware cost of the system; the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal have different computing power requirements, and hardware with different computing powers can be selected, thereby improving the flexibility of system hardware selection; when some of the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal are abnormal, only the part of the terminal and the processing with the part of the terminal are affected. The work of the terminal related to the processing result is reduced, the impact on the operation of other terminals is reduced, and only the abnormal terminals need to be maintained, which reduces the complexity and cost of system maintenance; the pre-processed fluid state related parameters are broadcast to the first automatic control terminal, and the pre-processed working state parameters are broadcast to the third automatic control device. When it is necessary to add or delete an operation function, in view of the low coupling characteristics of the terminal independent system, the network can be flexibly formed by adding and deleting terminals, and only the software part of the added and deleted operation functions needs to be adjusted, which reduces the workload and cost of system upgrade and maintenance; the system architecture of the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal realizes a decentralized distributed architecture, which reduces the dependence on the central controller compared to the system structure with only one central control. The decentralized system architecture combines more than two data acquisition terminals that communicate with each other, and the granularity of management and control is refined to a single sensor, realizing distributed management and control based on sensors; based on the above, a distributed system for large-scale fluid state analysis and adjustment suitable for complex data operations is obtained.

[0007] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the schemes described in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0009] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the distributed system of the embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present application describes multiple embodiments, but the description is exemplary rather than restrictive, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that there may be more embodiments and implementations within the scope of the embodiments described in the present application. Although many possible feature combinations are shown in the drawings and discussed in the specific embodiments, many other combinations of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically limited, any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with any other feature or element in any other embodiment, or may replace any other feature or element in any other embodiment.

[0011] The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements disclosed in the present application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique invention scheme. Any features or elements of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other invention schemes to form another unique invention scheme. Therefore, it should be understood that any feature shown and / or discussed in the present application may be implemented individually or in any appropriate combination. Therefore, except for the limitations made according to the attached claims and their equivalents, the embodiments are not subject to other restrictions. In addition, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of protection of the attached claims.

[0012] In addition, when describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and / or process as a specific sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the specific order of the steps described herein, the method or process should not be limited to the steps of the specific order described. As will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, other sequences of steps are also possible. Therefore, the specific sequence of the steps set forth in the specification should not be interpreted as a limitation to the claims. In addition, the claims for the method and / or process should not be limited to the steps of performing them in the order written, and those skilled in the art can easily understand that these sequences can be changed and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0013] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a distributed system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes two or more data acquisition terminals that communicate with each other, one or more first automatic control terminals, one or more second automatic control terminals and one or more third automatic control terminals, each of which is connected to one or more predetermined sensors, and each sensor is used to collect a fluid state-related parameter or a working state parameter of a fluid control device; wherein, The data acquisition terminal is configured to: obtain sensor data collected by a sensor connected to itself; exchange sensor data received by itself with other data acquisition terminals other than itself; preprocess one or more received sensor data to obtain preprocessed fluid state related parameters and working state parameters; broadcast and send the preprocessed fluid state related parameters to the first automatic control terminal, and broadcast and send the preprocessed working state parameters to the third automatic control device; The first automatic control terminals are respectively configured to: obtain fluid state parameters according to the received pre-processed fluid state related parameters; and output the obtained fluid state parameters to one or more second automatic control terminals; The second automatic control terminal is configured to: obtain a first index for determining the fluid flow state and a second index for determining the equipment performance according to the received fluid state parameter, and output the obtained first index and second index to one or more third automatic control terminals; The third automatic control terminal is configured to obtain a control instruction for controlling the fluid state control device to adjust the fluid state according to the received first index, the second index and the pre-processed working state parameter.

[0014] The data acquisition terminal of the disclosed embodiment can be configured with multiple interfaces to connect multiple sensors, providing a network foundation for accessing complex data including images and videos, and can flexibly adapt to different fluid environment monitoring requirements; the data acquisition terminals communicate with each other, avoiding the transmission distance limitation of sensor data and realizing efficient long-distance transmission of sensor data; the data transmission between the data acquisition terminals reduces the risk of data loss and improves the security of data; for a large number of operations involved in fluid state control, the operation process is split and processed step by step by the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal, which reduces the terminal computing power requirements compared to the system structure that only uses one central controller for computing and processing, and can be adapted to use low-computing power hardware, thereby reducing the hardware cost of the system; the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal have different computing power requirements, and hardware with different computing powers can be selected, thereby improving the flexibility of system hardware selection; when some of the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal are abnormal, only the part of the terminal and the processing with the part of the terminal are affected. The work of the terminal related to the processing result is reduced, the impact on the operation of other terminals is reduced, and only the abnormal terminals need to be maintained, which reduces the complexity and cost of system maintenance; the pre-processed fluid state related parameters are broadcast to the first automatic control terminal, and the pre-processed working state parameters are broadcast to the third automatic control device. When it is necessary to add or delete an operation function, in view of the low coupling characteristics of the terminal independent system, the network can be flexibly formed by adding and deleting terminals, and only the software part of the added and deleted operation functions needs to be adjusted, which reduces the workload and cost of system upgrade and maintenance; the system architecture of the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal realizes a decentralized distributed architecture, which reduces the dependence on the central controller compared to the system structure with only one central control. The decentralized system architecture combines more than two data acquisition terminals that communicate with each other, and the granularity of management and control is refined to a single sensor, realizing distributed management and control based on sensors; based on the above, a distributed system for large-scale fluid state analysis and adjustment suitable for complex data operations is obtained.

[0015] In an exemplary instance, the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure have low requirements on computing power and can support a variety of hardware platforms including servers, desktops, laptops and embedded devices. This wide hardware compatibility makes specific applications more flexible, and projects or enterprises can choose more cost-effective hardware equipment according to actual needs.

[0016] In an exemplary instance, the preprocessed fluid state related parameters of the embodiment of the present disclosure may include more than one. After broadcasting the preprocessed fluid state related parameters to the first automatic control terminal, each first automatic control terminal processes part or all of the received preprocessed fluid state related parameters to obtain corresponding fluid state parameters; for example, the preprocessed fluid state related parameters include pipeline size, fluid temperature, pressure and flow rate. When two first automatic control terminals are included, one of the first automatic control terminals can process the pipeline size, fluid temperature and fluid pressure to obtain fluid state parameters corresponding to the pressure. The fluid state parameters may include the following physical parameters: density of the fluid in the pipeline, specific heat capacity of the fluid and dynamic viscosity of the fluid; the other first automatic control terminal calculates and processes the pipeline size, mass flow rate and density of the fluid in the pipeline to obtain fluid state parameters corresponding to the temperature, which may include the fluid flow rate.

[0017] In an exemplary instance, the fluid state parameters obtained by more than one first automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure may include more than one type. After sending the fluid state parameters to more than one second automatic control terminal, each second automatic control terminal processes part or all of the received fluid state parameters to obtain the corresponding first indicator for determining the fluid flow state and the second indicator for determining the performance of the equipment; for example, the obtained fluid state parameters include physical parameters and fluid flow rate. When the system includes two second automatic control terminals, one of the second automatic control terminals can process the physical parameters and the fluid flow rate to obtain the Reynolds number, flow resistance coefficient and convection heat transfer coefficient of the fluid, and the Reynolds number, flow resistance coefficient and convection heat transfer coefficient of the fluid are the above-mentioned first indicators; the other second automatic control terminal can process the physical parameters and the fluid flow rate to obtain the heat exchange power of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange power of the heat exchanger is the above-mentioned second indicator.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, one or more second automatic control terminals of the disclosed embodiment obtain one or more first indicators and one or more second indicators, and after sending the obtained first indicators and second indicators to one or more third automatic control terminals, each third automatic control terminal processes part or all of the received first indicators and second indicators in combination with the pre-processed working state parameters to obtain control instructions for controlling the fluid state control device to adjust the fluid state.

[0019] In an exemplary instance, the data acquisition terminal, the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure can cache and store the data received and calculated by themselves; the embodiment of the present disclosure can store the data in a dispersed manner in each terminal node in the distributed system including the data acquisition terminal, the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal, and the data can be shared and exchanged between the terminal nodes. While the distributed data storage has higher performance and throughput capacity, even if a terminal node fails, other terminal nodes can still continue to work and the data can be restored, ensuring the continuous availability of data and the stable operation of the system.

[0020] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in environments including nuclear power plants; the fluids in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include common working fluids such as nitrogen, air, helium, supercritical carbon dioxide, and pure water, such as helium in a helium blower.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, the fluid state-related parameters in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include one or any combination of the following: pipeline size, fluid temperature, fluid pressure, fluid differential pressure, and mass flow rate.

[0022] It should be noted that the sensors of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be distributed at predetermined key positions according to the fluid monitoring requirements, and the collection frequency of the sensors can be set and adjusted by the technicians according to the monitoring requirements.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment, the first automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured to implement the following operations: The pipe size, fluid temperature and fluid pressure are calculated through the thermodynamic property library to determine the following physical parameters: density of the fluid in the pipe, specific heat capacity of the fluid and dynamic viscosity of the fluid; The pipe size, fluid temperature and the fluid pressure are calculated through a thermodynamic property library to determine the density of the fluid in the pipe; the pipe size, mass flow rate and the density of the fluid in the pipe are calculated to obtain the fluid flow rate.

[0024] In an exemplary embodiment, when the fluid in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a fluid in a heat exchanger, the second automatic control terminal is configured to implement the following operations: The physical parameters and fluid flow rate are calculated through the thermodynamic property library to obtain the Reynolds number, flow resistance coefficient and convection heat transfer coefficient of the fluid; The physical parameters and fluid flow rate are calculated through the thermodynamic property library to obtain the heat transfer power of the heat exchanger.

[0025] In an exemplary embodiment, the embodiment of the present disclosure may embed the above-mentioned thermodynamic property library in the first automatic control terminal and the second automatic control terminal.

[0026] Taking the fluid in the heat exchanger as an example, the Reynolds number, flow resistance coefficient, convection heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer power obtained by the second automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure; among them, the Reynolds number is an indicator for judging the flow state of the fluid (laminar flow or turbulent flow), the flow resistance coefficient reflects the energy loss when the fluid passes through the pipeline, and the convection heat transfer coefficient is an important parameter for describing the heat transfer capacity between the fluid and the pipeline wall. These parameters are crucial to optimizing the operating efficiency of the heat exchanger; the heat transfer power is an indicator for measuring the performance of the heat exchanger, which directly reflects the effect of its energy conversion.

[0027] In an embodiment example, when the fluid in the embodiment of the present disclosure is the fluid in the heat exchanger, the third automatic control terminal is set to: According to a predetermined control algorithm, when it is determined that the Reynolds number, the flow resistance coefficient, the convection heat transfer coefficient and the heat exchange power deviate from the preset optimal operating range, a control instruction for adjusting the fan speed and the preheater power is generated according to the preprocessed working state parameters, wherein the working state parameters include the heat exchanger inlet temperature, the heat exchanger inlet pressure, the heat exchanger outlet temperature and the heat exchanger outlet pressure; here, the fan and the preheater are fluid state control devices.

[0028] The disclosed embodiment can quickly output control instructions to adjust the equipment operating conditions, ensure that the heat exchanger is always in an efficient and stable operating state, and realize intelligent adjustment of the fan speed and the power of the preheater.

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment, the data collection terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure is further configured as follows: The fluid temperatures at two or more measuring points in a preset area are weighted by a preset weighting algorithm to obtain weighted temperature information of the preset area.

[0030] The disclosed embodiments utilize an open source thermodynamic property library to monitor and analyze fluid state parameters at different locations, such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc., in real time, and calculate performance indicators such as heat transfer power, Reynolds number, flow resistance coefficient, and convection heat transfer coefficient, to provide comprehensive and accurate data support for adjusting the fluid state control device, thereby achieving precise control and optimization of fluid flow and improving experimental efficiency.

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, the first automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure is further configured as: When the fluid state related parameters include the fluid temperature, a control instruction for controlling the fluid temperature is generated.

[0032] When the fluid state related parameters include fluid pressure, a control instruction for controlling the fluid pressure is generated.

[0033] In one exemplary embodiment, the preprocessing in the disclosed embodiment includes analog-to-digital conversion, data correction and filtering, and validity determination; The validity judgment is used to judge whether the sensor data is within a predetermined value range, and the data outside the value range is determined as invalid data.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, the digital-to-analog conversion of the disclosed embodiment can accurately convert the analog signal transmitted by the sensor into a digital signal through a built-in high-precision A / D converter, providing a basis for subsequent data processing; data correction and filtering may include: for temperature data, a linearization correction algorithm is used to eliminate the nonlinear error that may exist in the sensor to ensure the accuracy of the temperature data; for pressure data and flow data, a sliding average filtering technology is used to effectively remove noise interference and make the data smoother and more reliable. The validity judgment of the disclosed embodiment may include determining whether each sensor data is within a predetermined value range, and determining the data outside the value range as invalid data, thereby avoiding interference from invalid data.

[0035] In one embodiment example, the fluid in the embodiment of the present disclosure is the fluid in a heat exchanger. When the fluid state related parameters include temperature, the data acquisition terminal is further configured to: analyze the temperature in combination with the geometric parameters of the heat exchanger to eliminate abnormal temperature values ​​determined by the analysis, thereby ensuring that the data entering the subsequent processing link is authentic and valid.

[0036] In an example of an embodiment, when the fluid in the embodiment of the present disclosure is helium in a helium blower, the working state parameters of the fluid control device in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include one or any combination of the following: blower inlet temperature, blower speed, blower vibration, blower drive motor voltage, blower drive motor current, etc.; The sensors of the disclosed embodiments can be deployed at key monitoring locations of a helium blower; for example, at the inlet and outlet pipes of the blower, a high-precision pressure sensor monitors the inlet and outlet pressures in real time, collects data every 50 milliseconds, ensures timely capture of inlet and outlet pressure changes, and calculates the pressure rise through the inlet and outlet pressure difference; the blower is accurately selected based on the working medium and flow range, and mass flow data is collected once a second through a mass flow meter installed at a predetermined position, providing an accurate basis for understanding the gas delivery volume of the blower; a speed sensor is installed on the motor shaft to accurately measure the speed of the blower drive motor, and the collection frequency can be 10 times per second, so as to compare and analyze with the rated speed; a temperature sensor is installed on the casing and bearing of the blower motor, and the fan temperature is collected every 1 second to monitor the temperature condition of the motor in real time; a vibration sensor is installed on the base and casing of the blower, and the fan vibration data is collected 10 times per second to closely monitor the vibration condition of the blower during operation.

[0037] The disclosed embodiment can use the sliding average filtering technology to process the fan speed, effectively remove noise interference, and make the data smoother and more reliable.

[0038] In an exemplary instance, the working status parameters in the embodiment of the present disclosure include fan vibration, and the data acquisition terminal is further configured to: combine the fan vibration with predetermined historical fan operation data and fan design parameters, use statistical analysis methods to identify abnormal values ​​in the fan vibration, and eliminate or mark the identified abnormal values; for example, according to the 3σ criterion, data that exceeds the normal range is eliminated or marked.

[0039] The first automatic control terminal of the disclosed embodiment is closely connected to the data thermodynamic property library, and can update the data every 5 minutes. Based on the current temperature and fluid pressure data, the density, specific heat capacity, dynamic viscosity and other physical parameters of the fluid in the fan can be accurately obtained.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the second automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured to perform the following operations: The physical parameters and fluid flow rate are calculated through the thermodynamic property library to obtain the fluid Reynolds number and fan compression ratio; The output power and efficiency of the fan are determined by combining the physical parameters, fluid flow rate, fluid state related parameters, working state parameters and predetermined fan design parameters; here, the output power and efficiency of the fan are the second indicators.

[0041] In an exemplary instance, the physical parameters and fluid flow rate obtained by the second automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure are combined with the fluid state parameters such as the inlet and outlet pressure, pressure rise, mass flow rate, the working state parameters such as the fan drive motor voltage and the fan drive motor current, and the fan design parameters to calculate the output power and fan efficiency of the fan; the output power and fan efficiency of the fan are the core indicators for measuring the performance of the fan, and directly reflect the ability of the fan to convert input energy into effective work.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, when the fluid in the embodiment of the present disclosure is helium in a helium blower, the fluid state-related parameters also include the inlet pressure and pressure rise of the blower, and the third automatic control terminal is set to: Compare the fan speed in the working state parameter with the rated speed and calculate the speed deviation. The speed deviation is used to evaluate whether the fan is running near the rated working condition; The fan inlet pressure, pressure rise and mass flow rate of the fluid state related parameters are compared with the predetermined rated values ​​to determine the fan performance deviation; A predetermined control algorithm is used to calculate based on the Reynolds number, the fan compression ratio, the fan efficiency, the fan output power, the speed deviation and the fan performance deviation to generate control instructions for adjusting the fan drive motor speed and the power of related auxiliary equipment.

[0043] In the disclosed embodiment, when the Reynolds number, fan compression ratio, fan efficiency, fan output power or fan performance deviation deviates from the optimal operating range, the third automatic control terminal can respond quickly and adjust the equipment power in time to ensure that the fan always maintains an efficient and stable operating state.

[0044] In an exemplary instance, the distributed system of the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be used to realize the monitoring and control of complex thermodynamic processes such as phase change, including but not limited to supercritical carbon dioxide phase equilibrium analysis; when the embodiment of the present disclosure performs supercritical carbon dioxide phase equilibrium analysis through the distributed system, pressure, temperature, phase state and mass flow sensors are deployed at key positions of the pressure vessel to collect sensor data; the phase state acquisition value (initial phase equilibrium state) is collected through a special phase state sensor, and the pressure-temperature relationship method is combined, that is, the real-time temperature and pressure data of the measurement system are compared with the pre-stored carbon dioxide phase diagram data to determine the phase state calculation value; the collected sensor data is pre-processed by the data acquisition terminal to complete analog-to-digital conversion, data correction and filtering, and validity judgment. The first automatic control terminal is configured to connect to the thermodynamic property library at a regular interval, and calculate the physical parameters of supercritical carbon dioxide based on the collected and pre-processed temperature and pressure data; the first automatic control terminal of the disclosed embodiment can also be configured to perform weighted average of the measured values ​​of the same parameter at different positions; the preliminary state of phase equilibrium is determined by comprehensively analyzing the temperature, pressure, phase state collected values ​​and other data and the phase equilibrium conditions; the second automatic control terminal is configured to: input the preliminary state of phase equilibrium, the determined phase state calculated values, and the physical parameters into the phase equilibrium calculation model, and the phase equilibrium calculation model analyzes and confirms the phase equilibrium relationship (the phase equilibrium relationship is also used as the first indicator for determining the fluid flow state and the second indicator for determining the performance of the equipment); the third automatic control terminal is configured to: compare the current phase equilibrium relationship with the theoretical value to evaluate the system performance, calculate the parameter deviation rate, and the parameter deviation rate is used to analyze the impact on the phase equilibrium; based on the parameter deviation rate, the temperature and pressure are adjusted by controlling the opening of the heater, heat exchanger and other equipment and the valve (which may include the valve of the gas source) through the PID algorithm.

[0045] The DCS system control algorithm in the related art is usually centrally deployed and executed in the central controller of the DCS or each control station. The interaction between the algorithm modules is carried out through the communication mechanism and data sharing platform within the system, which is relatively centralized and closed. In addition, due to the system architecture, the algorithm's adaptive ability is relatively limited, and it is usually controlled based on preset rules and models. The distributed system of the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a decentralized architecture with higher flexibility and scalability, and different algorithm nodes can be dynamically combined according to demand.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, the data collection terminal, the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure communicate with each other through the data distribution service technology DDS.

[0047] In the communication link, different from the TCP / IP and UDP systems in the related technologies, the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts DDS technology with advanced publish-subscribe mechanism to accurately distribute data to authorized recipients, effectively avoiding the risk of data leakage; at the same time, through the built-in error detection and correction algorithm, it can timely identify and repair data errors that may occur during the transmission process, ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data, and ensure the security and reliability of data transmission in all aspects.

[0048] In an exemplary instance, the distributed system of the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a monitoring terminal, which is configured to: acquire and display fluid state-related parameters, working state parameters, fluid state parameters, a first indicator and a second indicator, and obtained control instructions; it can also accept external instructions to adjust the fluid state control device through external instructions; the monitoring terminal can be set independently, or one of the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal can be selected as the monitoring terminal; the monitoring terminal can be implemented based on an open source computer vision library, which provides a wealth of image processing and computer vision algorithms, has an efficient running speed, and can process real-time video streams and large-scale image data; the monitoring terminal based on the computer vision library can acquire and analyze data in real time, and make timely responses and decisions.

[0049] Taking the DCS system as an example, the price of the DCS system varies depending on many factors, such as system scale, configuration requirements and functional requirements, and it is difficult to give an exact minimum price. According to some market information, a relatively simple and small DCS system may cost at least hundreds of thousands of yuan. In the hardware selection data acquisition terminal of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a single-chip microcomputer is selected, and an industrial computer is used as the automatic control terminal. Such a combination not only takes into account the system performance, but also controls the cost within 10,000 yuan, greatly reducing the hardware cost.

[0050] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented using a Linux system. When Linux is used as the bottom layer of the control system, users can perform development and maintenance without paying expensive operating system license fees. Compared with commercial operating systems such as Windows or MacOS, the open source feature greatly reduces software costs, saving a lot of money for projects and enterprises. Linux has rich drivers and can well support the features of various new hardware, further reducing hardware costs. The stability and performance of the Linux system can more effectively utilize hardware resources and provide good performance in an environment with high load and continuous operation. The maintenance of the Linux system can effectively reduce maintenance costs through regular updates and optimizations. The Linux system provides rich documentation, tutorials and community support, allowing technicians to more easily solve problems encountered. In addition, the Linux system has high stability and reliability and can run for a long time without frequent restarts or maintenance, which also reduces maintenance costs.

[0051] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps, systems, and functional modules / units in the methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between the functional modules / units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or transient medium). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term "computer storage medium" includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

Claims

1. A distributed system, characterized in that: include: Two or more data acquisition terminals, one or more first automatic control terminals, one or more second automatic control terminals and one or more third automatic control terminals communicating with each other, each data acquisition terminal is connected to one or more predetermined sensors, each sensor is used to collect a fluid state related parameter or a working state parameter of a fluid control device; wherein, The data acquisition terminal is configured to: obtain sensor data collected by a sensor connected to itself; exchange sensor data received by itself with other data acquisition terminals other than itself; preprocess one or more received sensor data to obtain preprocessed fluid state related parameters and working state parameters; broadcast and send the preprocessed fluid state related parameters to the first automatic control terminal, and broadcast and send the preprocessed working state parameters to the third automatic control device; The first automatic control terminals are respectively configured to: obtain fluid state parameters according to the received pre-processed fluid state related parameters; and output the obtained fluid state parameters to one or more second automatic control terminals; The second automatic control terminal is configured to: obtain a first index for determining the fluid flow state and a second index for determining the equipment performance according to the received fluid state parameter, and output the obtained first index and second index to one or more third automatic control terminals; The third automatic control terminal is configured to obtain a control instruction for controlling the fluid state control device to adjust the fluid state according to the received first index, the second index and the pre-processed working state parameter.

2. The distributed system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid state related parameters include pipeline size, fluid temperature, fluid pressure and mass flow rate, and the first automatic control terminal is set to: The pipe size, the fluid temperature and the fluid pressure are calculated through a thermodynamic property library to determine the following physical parameters: density of the fluid in the pipe, specific heat capacity of the fluid and dynamic viscosity of the fluid; The pipeline size, the fluid temperature and the fluid pressure are calculated through a thermodynamic property library to determine the density of the fluid in the pipeline; the pipeline size, the mass flow rate and the density of the fluid in the pipeline are calculated to obtain the fluid flow rate.

3. The distributed system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the fluid is a fluid in a heat exchanger, the second automatic control terminal is configured to implement the following operations: The physical parameters and the fluid flow rate are calculated through the thermodynamic property library to obtain the Reynolds number, flow resistance coefficient and convection heat transfer coefficient of the fluid; The physical parameters and the fluid flow rate are calculated through the thermodynamic property library to obtain the heat exchange power of the heat exchanger.

4. The distributed system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third automatic control terminal is configured as: When it is determined according to a predetermined control algorithm that the Reynolds number, the flow resistance coefficient, the convection heat transfer coefficient and the heat transfer power deviate from a preset optimal operating range, a control instruction for adjusting the fan speed and the preheater power is generated according to the preprocessed working state parameters; Wherein, the working state parameters include: heat exchanger inlet temperature, heat exchanger inlet pressure, heat exchanger outlet temperature and heat exchanger outlet pressure.

5. The distributed system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first automatic control terminal is also configured as: When the fluid state related parameters include fluid temperature, generating a control instruction for controlling the fluid temperature; When the fluid state related parameters include fluid pressure, a control instruction for controlling the fluid pressure is generated.

6. The distributed system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preprocessing includes analog-to-digital conversion, data correction and filtering, and validity judgment; The validity judgment is used to judge whether the sensor data is within a predetermined value range, and the data outside the value range is determined as invalid data.

7. The distributed system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the fluid is helium in a helium blower, the second automatic control terminal is configured to perform the following operations: The physical parameters and fluid flow rate are calculated through the thermodynamic property library to obtain the fluid Reynolds number and fan compression ratio; The physical parameters, fluid flow rate, fluid state related parameters, working state parameters and pre-determined fan design parameters are combined to determine the fan output power and fan efficiency; The working state parameter includes one or any combination of the following: fan inlet temperature, fan speed, fan vibration, fan drive motor voltage and fan drive motor current.

8. The distributed system according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the fluid is helium in a helium blower, the fluid state-related parameters also include the blower inlet pressure and pressure rise, and the third automatic control terminal is set to: Comparing the fan speed in the working state parameter with the rated speed to determine the speed deviation; Comparing the inlet pressure, pressure rise and mass flow rate of the fan among the fluid state related parameters with predetermined rated values ​​to determine the fan performance deviation; Based on the Reynolds number, the fan compression ratio, the fan efficiency, the fan output power, the speed deviation and the fan performance deviation, a predetermined control algorithm is used to perform calculations to generate control instructions for adjusting the fan drive motor speed and the power of related auxiliary equipment.

9. The distributed system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 7 to 8, characterized in that: The data collection terminal, the first automatic control terminal, the second automatic control terminal and the third automatic control terminal communicate with each other through the data distribution service technology DDS.

10. The distributed system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 7 to 8, characterized in that: The data acquisition terminal is also configured as follows: When the fluid state related parameter includes fluid temperature, the fluid temperatures of two or more measuring points in a preset area are weighted by a preset weighting algorithm to obtain weighted temperature information of the preset area; The fluid is a fluid in a heat exchanger, and when the fluid state-related parameters include temperature, the temperature is analyzed in combination with geometric parameters of the heat exchanger to eliminate abnormal temperature values ​​determined by the analysis; When the working state parameters include fan vibration, the fan vibration is combined with predetermined fan historical operation data and fan design parameters, and a statistical analysis method is used to identify abnormal values ​​in the fan vibration, and the identified abnormal values ​​are eliminated or marked.

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