Regulation and control method and system for rice production

Abstract

The invention discloses a regulation and control method and system for rice production, relates to the technical field of agricultural production and intelligent control, is used for solving the problems of low production efficiency, uneven crop growth and unstable quality, and calculates a light-temperature matching coefficient through real-time monitoring of a root activity index and a leaf surface transpiration amount in combination with illumination intensity and canopy temperature difference. The nutrient absorption capacity of the rice is evaluated by detecting the rhizosphere conductivity change and the soil nutrient content, when the rice growth state is poor and the resource regulation capacity is high, an enhanced regulation and control mechanism is automatically entered, and regulation and control increasing levels are set according to the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and the current air flow disturbance index; the resource supply coefficient is calculated and the regulation rate is determined through regulation and control level increase, so that the resource supply is optimized, and the agricultural production efficiency and the resource utilization rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural production and intelligent control technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for regulating rice production. Background Art

[0002] Rice production regulation technology involves a variety of methods and systems to optimize resource utilization, growth environment and crop quality in the agricultural production process. The combination of these technologies can increase yield, improve quality and reduce resource consumption, providing support for efficient production and sustainable development of modern agriculture.

[0003] The prior art has the following deficiencies:

[0004] At present, most of the existing rice production control methods are based on single environmental factors or crop physiological indicators, lacking the ability to coordinate analysis of multi-dimensional physiological parameters and environmental variables, making it difficult to dynamically evaluate the comprehensive growth status and control needs of rice, resulting in low production efficiency, uneven crop growth, and unstable quality. Therefore, a rice production control method and system are proposed.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for regulating rice production, which realizes dynamic regulation and intelligent decision-making of irrigation, fertilization and environmental response by integrating multi-source environmental perception data, rice physiological state modeling and resource supply capacity evaluation to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution, a rice production control method and system, comprising S1: collecting root activity index and leaf transpiration, and determining the current rice water demand index according to the root activity index and leaf transpiration;

[0008] S2: Obtain the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area, calculate the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice based on the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and evaluate the nutrient absorption capacity of rice by detecting the changes in rice rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content;

[0009] S3: Real-time monitoring of the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment to determine the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area, and comprehensively consider the nutrient absorption capacity and resource regulation capacity of rice to determine whether to enter the enhanced regulation mechanism;

[0010] S4: Set the control level according to the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, calculate the resource supply coefficient based on the soil moisture, fertilizer surplus and control level of the current planting area, and determine the control rate based on the light-temperature matching coefficient and resource supply coefficient of the rice.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the root system surrounding information is collected by a multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor in the root distribution area, and a function model is established to obtain the root activity index;

[0012] Based on the meteorological factors of the same unit time and combined with the crop model, the leaf transpiration is determined;

[0013] Obtain current soil moisture and target soil moisture to establish a water demand characteristic calculation model;

[0014] Through normalization processing and weighted model calculation, the current soil moisture, root activity index, target soil moisture and leaf transpiration are substituted to obtain the water demand characteristics.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the water demand characteristic is compared with a preset demand threshold. If the water demand characteristic is greater than or equal to the demand threshold, it means that the current rice needs water supply. Conversely, if the water demand characteristic is less than the demand threshold, it means that the current rice does not need water supply.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the light intensity of the rice growing area is calculated by collecting the radiation reflectivity information of the area, calling the geographical location and meteorological data, and using the atmospheric radiation transfer model;

[0017] By acquiring the radiation heat map of the rice canopy and the air background temperature in the target area in real time, and inverting and calculating the average temperature of the rice leaves, the air background temperature and the average temperature of the rice leaves are subtracted to obtain the canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area;

[0018] The light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area were normalized and substituted into the light-temperature response weight model function and the matching regulation factor function to obtain the light-temperature matching coefficient of rice.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the conductivity values ​​of continuous time periods are recorded, and the change before and after the root distribution area is compared to obtain the change in rhizosphere conductivity;

[0020] By monitoring the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient ions in the soil of the root distribution area and combining it with the plant distribution density, the current soil nutrient content of rice is synthesized by weighted calculation;

[0021] The rhizosphere conductivity changes and soil nutrient content were normalized to ensure that the parameters were in the same dimension;

[0022] The changes in rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content were calculated based on the absorption fitness function to obtain the nutrient absorption capacity of rice.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the dynamic flow load index is obtained by subtracting the real-time water demand flow of the rice growing area from the maximum water supply flow under the current setting and calculating the ratio with the maximum water supply flow under the current setting;

[0024] The quality of the remaining fertilizer is obtained by a monitoring device configured inside the fertilizing equipment, and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilizing equipment is obtained;

[0025] By substituting the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment into the weighted model, the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area is determined;

[0026] The nutrient absorption capacity of rice and the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area are coupled and integrated to obtain enhanced regulation characteristics.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the enhanced regulation feature is compared with a preset regulation threshold. If the enhanced regulation feature is greater than or equal to the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is entered. If the enhanced regulation feature is less than the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is not entered.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate is determined by canopy photosynthesis measurement and infrared gas analysis;

[0029] Based on the recorded instantaneous wind speed changes, the standard deviation and maximum fluctuation frequency are calculated and weighted to form the airflow disturbance index;

[0030] The current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index are mapped through the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function, and the current regulation enhancement level is set.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the soil moisture of the planting area per unit time, the fertilizer remaining coefficient and the control and enhancement calculation resource supply coefficient are comprehensively considered;

[0032] The regulation rate determined by the light-temperature matching coefficient and resource supply coefficient of rice is combined with function fusion and weighted normalization processing to determine the regulation rate of the current planting area.

[0033] A rice production control system includes a data acquisition unit, an environment analysis unit, a control judgment unit and a resource allocation unit, and each unit is signal-connected;

[0034] The data acquisition unit is used to collect root activity index, leaf transpiration, light intensity, canopy temperature difference, canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, and to detect changes in rice rhizosphere conductivity, soil nutrient content, dynamic flow load index and fertilizer surplus of fertilization equipment in real time;

[0035] The environmental analysis unit determines the current rice water demand index based on the root activity index and leaf transpiration of rice, calculates the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice based on the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and analyzes the nutrient absorption capacity of rice based on the change of rice rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content;

[0036] The control judgment unit determines the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area according to the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment, and determines whether to strengthen the control mechanism based on the comprehensive nutrient absorption capacity of the rice;

[0037] The resource allocation unit is used to set the control level to calculate the resource supply coefficient of the current planting area, and calculate the control rate based on the light-temperature matching coefficient of rice and the resource supply coefficient to optimize the resource supply.

[0038] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0039] 1. The present invention calculates the light-temperature matching coefficient by real-time monitoring of the root activity index and leaf transpiration, combining the light intensity and the canopy temperature difference, and evaluates the nutrient absorption capacity of rice by detecting the change of rhizosphere electrical conductivity and the soil nutrient content. When the rice growth state is poor and the resource regulation ability is strong, it automatically enters the enhanced regulation mechanism, and sets the regulation level according to the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index. The resource supply coefficient is calculated and the regulation rate is determined through the regulation level, thereby optimizing the resource supply and improving the agricultural production efficiency and resource utilization. It not only solves the problems of insufficient accuracy and poor adaptability in traditional technologies, but also significantly improves the level of intelligent agricultural production, providing strong support for the efficient and sustainable development of modern agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for regulating rice production.

[0041] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a module of a rice production control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] See also Figure 1 , a method for regulating rice production, the specific operation process is as follows:

[0045] S1: During the rice planting process, the root activity index and leaf transpiration are collected, the water demand characteristics of rice are calculated based on the root activity index and leaf transpiration, and the current rice water demand index is determined;

[0046] Among them, during the rice planting process, the root activity index and leaf transpiration are collected through the preset root sensors and plant physiological monitoring devices;

[0047] More specifically, the preset root sensors and plant physiological monitoring devices include but are not limited to underground root zone multi-parameter conductivity sensors and leaf surface infrared thermal imaging or transpiration flow rate monitoring devices, which respectively collect root activity index and leaf surface transpiration, which are used to reflect the water absorption capacity and water loss intensity of rice, and improve the accuracy of water demand assessment;

[0048] Among them, the root activity index refers to a comprehensive physiological parameter used to characterize the current ability of rice roots to absorb water and nutrients. It reflects the activity of the root system and its ability to respond to environmental changes. It is an important indicator for judging the actual water absorption efficiency of rice. Its acquisition logic is to obtain the root activity index by using a multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor in a preset root distribution area, based on the conductivity changes around the root system per unit time, redox potential, root respiration rate, and root secretion concentration signals, and after normalization, a function model is established.

[0049] The above function model can be inferred based on empirical modeling or a neural network model trained with historical measured samples. The output root activity index is between [0,1]. The higher the value, the stronger the root activity and the stronger the water absorption capacity.

[0050] Furthermore, the collection of the above-mentioned multiple signals is based on the multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor obtained through the root distribution area in the same period. The specific time period is determined by the experimenter based on the specific actual rice area and root distribution, which will not be elaborated here;

[0051] Furthermore, compared with simply obtaining soil moisture, the advantage of obtaining the root activity index is that it can intuitively understand the root water absorption efficiency. If the root activity decreases, the actual water utilization rate decreases, and even if the soil moisture is sufficient, a "false drought" phenomenon will occur;

[0052] It should be noted that the unit time is the length set by the experimenters according to the specific rice growth cycle and is not limited here;

[0053] Alternatively, root activity essentially reflects the ability and efficiency of the root system to absorb water, while the actual water use efficiency directly describes the ratio of rice to absorb and effectively use water resources. Therefore, the actual water use efficiency and the root activity index have a close coupling relationship in the agricultural regulation scenario;

[0054] Therefore, the actual water use efficiency can be simply calculated by calculating the ratio of the dry matter increase of the aboveground part (or effective part) of rice per unit time to the soil water consumption or the actual irrigation water volume per unit time. The root activity index can be approximately estimated based on the effective growth brought by the unit irrigation volume, that is, the actual water use efficiency, which serves as the reverse inference basis for the root water absorption efficiency.

[0055] It should be noted that the optional content is another means of implementation, not a complete means of acquisition. Since the actual water use efficiency reflects the macroscopic water absorption result rather than the real-time root metabolic activity, external factors (such as transpiration differences and diseases) may also interfere with the changes in the actual water use efficiency. It can be cited and combined with the correction factor for correction analysis;

[0056] Leaf transpiration refers to the amount of water vapor released by rice leaves through stomata to the outside world in the same unit time as the above-mentioned root activity index. It is used to reflect the plant water loss rate and transpiration intensity. It is a key physiological parameter for measuring crop water demand and transpiration regulation. Its acquisition logic is to determine leaf transpiration based on meteorological factors in the same unit time and combined with crop models.

[0057] Specifically, the transpiration calculation formula is expressed as follows:

[0058] ;

[0059] In the formula, is the net radiation, is the soil heat flux, is the difference between saturated and actual vapor pressure, is the pore resistance, is the meteorological resistance, , is the vapor pressure slope and humidity constant, is the transpiration of leaves;

[0060] Furthermore, the above formula uses the Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration model to calculate leaf transpiration;

[0061] Among them, a four-component net radiometer is used to obtain net radiation; a soil heat flux disk is buried at a depth of 5 cm or 10 cm to measure the change in vertical heat flux in real time to obtain soil heat flux; the difference between saturated and actual vapor pressure is calculated by the relative humidity of the air; the stomatal conductance is measured by a stomatal conductivity meter, and its inverse is calculated to obtain stomatal resistance; the meteorological resistance, vapor pressure slope and humidity constant are calculated by wind speed, temperature and the slope of vapor pressure changing with temperature;

[0062] Among them, the water demand characteristic indicates the comprehensive demand intensity of rice for water under the current physiological state and environmental conditions per unit area, and is the basis parameter for water regulation strategy; this weight comprehensively considers two core factors: the rice's ability to absorb water (root activity) and the rate of water loss (leaf transpiration);

[0063] Obtain current soil moisture and target soil moisture to establish a water demand characteristic calculation model;

[0064] The current soil moisture refers to the soil moisture content collected by the preset soil moisture sensor in the crop root area, reflecting the current soil water supply capacity for rice. The soil moisture is used to correct the water demand value preliminarily calculated by leaf transpiration and root water absorption capacity to prevent false triggering of redundant irrigation;

[0065] The target soil moisture was determined by the experimenters based on the specific rice records and rice growth cycle, and will not be elaborated here;

[0066] Through normalization processing and weighted model calculation, the current soil moisture, root activity index, target soil moisture and leaf transpiration are substituted to obtain the water demand characteristics. The specific formula is expressed as follows:

[0067] ;

[0068] In the formula, is the water demand characteristic, is the root activity index, is the current soil moisture, is the target soil moisture, is the leaf transpiration, and is the weight adjustment coefficient;

[0069] It should be noted that the above formula calculation process normalizes the parameters to a unified dimension, which will not be elaborated here;

[0070] Furthermore, It means "dynamic matching of transpiration and absorption capacity": when transpiration is high and root absorption is weak, the ratio increases and timely irrigation is required. It is the "soil moisture factor correction term": if the soil is close to saturation, the water demand characteristic automatically decreases;

[0071] The water demand characteristic is compared with the preset demand threshold. If the water demand characteristic is greater than or equal to the demand threshold, it means that the current rice needs water supply. Conversely, if the water demand characteristic is less than the demand threshold, it means that the current rice does not need water supply.

[0072] Optionally, if the rice currently requires water supply, the corresponding nutrient solution can be appropriately supplemented according to the root activity index to repair the rice root system, so as to reduce the subsequent corresponding water demand characteristic value of the current rice;

[0073] It should be noted that the demand threshold is an empirical critical value threshold determined by our researchers through multiple batches of planting experiments, based on the typical water consumption curve data of rice at different growth stages and the root-leaf coordinated physiological regulation model, and will not be elaborated here;

[0074] S2: Obtain the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area, calculate the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice based on the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and evaluate the nutrient absorption capacity of rice by detecting the changes in rice rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content;

[0075] Specifically, the experimenters determined the rice growing area based on parameters such as rice planting area and rice field coverage, which will not be elaborated here;

[0076] After obtaining the area of ​​the rice growing region, the corresponding preset remote sensing imaging module and infrared temperature detection unit are supplemented to obtain the light intensity and canopy temperature difference of the rice growing region;

[0077] The light intensity of the rice growing area refers to the total solar radiation energy acting on the rice canopy within the rice growing area. It reflects the total amount of light energy available to rice in the current environment and is a key parameter for measuring the potential photosynthetic efficiency of crops. Its acquisition logic is to collect radiation reflectivity information of the area, call geographic location and meteorological data, and use the atmospheric radiation transfer model to calculate the light intensity of the rice growing area.

[0078] Specifically, the remote sensing imaging module obtains reflectance images of the rice area (including visible light, infrared, and near-infrared bands); calls geographic location and meteorological data (such as cloud cover and aerosol concentration); and finally uses an atmospheric radiation transfer model (such as SMARTS or 6S) to invert the measured solar radiation of the target surface.

[0079] The specific formula is as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] In the formula, is the solar constant, is the sun's apex angle, is the atmospheric transmittance, is the crop reflectance;

[0082] Among them, the atmospheric radiation transfer model is a physical model that simulates the energy attenuation and scattering of solar radiation passing through the atmosphere. Its input includes meteorological elements such as solar altitude angle, atmospheric composition, cloud cover, aerosol concentration, ozone, and water vapor, and its output is the direct and scattered radiation values ​​of the surface of the target area.

[0083] The logic of obtaining the canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area is to obtain the radiation heat map of the rice canopy and the air background temperature in the target area in real time, and inversely calculate the average temperature of the rice leaves. The air background temperature is subtracted from the average temperature of the rice leaves to obtain the canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area.

[0084] Among them, the rice canopy is common knowledge among people in this field. It refers to the spatial structure area formed by the upper leaves of the rice plant group. It is the core part that mainly undertakes photosynthesis, transpiration and heat exchange. It is often used as an important indicator area to evaluate the growth status of crops during agronomic management and physiological regulation. This area has different morphological characteristics in different growth periods, and its temperature changes directly reflect the water regulation ability and transpiration efficiency of crops;

[0085] Furthermore, the air background temperature is determined by the experimenter based on the height of the rice and the average temperature of the surrounding area on that day. The specific combination of the selected air background temperature is not limited and will not be described in detail here;

[0086] The light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area were normalized and substituted into the light-heat response weight model function and the matching regulation factor function to obtain the light-temperature matching coefficient of rice.

[0087] The specific normalization process has been described in this example and will not be repeated here;

[0088] In the present invention, a combination of linear weighting and Sigmoid-type functions is used for modeling (i.e., light and heat response weight model function and matching control factor function), which can effectively integrate the effects of two types of environmental factors, light and temperature difference, on crop physiological responses, and is suitable for constructing dynamic light and temperature control indicators for subsequent control rate calculation and resource allocation strategy optimization.

[0089] Specifically, the photothermal response weight model function expression is:

[0090] ;

[0091] In the formula, represents the normalized light intensity, represents the normalized canopy temperature difference, is the weight coefficient of light and temperature difference, which is set by the experiment according to rice variety and growth period;

[0092] The matching regulation factor function expression is:

[0093] ;

[0094] In the formula, for , To adjust the slope factor, it is used to control the sensitivity of the response change; is the optimal light-temperature matching center value (e.g. 0.5), reflecting the suitable range for rice; Indicates the final light-temperature matching coefficient value. The closer it is to 1, the higher the matching degree.

[0095] The change of rhizosphere conductivity indicates the change of ion concentration in the soil solution around the rice root system. The change trend of conductivity measured periodically by rhizosphere sensors can indirectly infer the rice's demand for soluble nutrients (such as , , ) absorption efficiency;

[0096] The logic of obtaining the change of rhizosphere conductivity is to record the conductivity values ​​of continuous time periods, and combine the change before and after the root distribution area to obtain the change of rhizosphere conductivity;

[0097] Among them, the continuous time period is set by the experimenters according to the rice growth cycle, and the root distribution area is related to the maximum root length distribution of rice to obtain the three-dimensional model;

[0098] The logic of obtaining soil nutrient content is to monitor the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient ions in the soil of the root distribution area, and combine the plant distribution density to synthesize the current soil nutrient content of rice by weighted calculation;

[0099] Specifically, nutrient ions are common knowledge to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here;

[0100] Furthermore, the plant distribution density is obtained by the rice growing area mentioned in the above embodiment and the total number of rice plants contained in the corresponding area, which will not be described in detail here;

[0101] The rhizosphere conductivity changes and soil nutrient content were normalized to ensure that the parameters were in the same dimension;

[0102] The nutrient absorption capacity of rice was obtained by applying the rhizosphere conductivity change and soil nutrient content according to the absorption fitness function.

[0103] Specifically, the expression of the absorption fitness function is as follows:

[0104] ;

[0105] In the formula, For the nutrient absorption capacity of rice, is the dynamic weight of rhizosphere absorption, Provides static weight for soil, , , as well as are the upper and lower limits obtained from historical samples or model training values, is the change of rhizosphere conductivity, is the soil nutrient content;

[0106] Step S3: real-time monitoring of the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment, determining the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area, and comprehensively considering the nutrient absorption capacity and resource regulation capacity of the rice to determine whether to enter the enhanced regulation mechanism; if entering the enhanced regulation mechanism, detecting the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index;

[0107] The logic of obtaining the dynamic flow load index is to subtract the real-time water demand flow of the rice growing area from the maximum water supply flow under the current setting, and calculate the ratio with the maximum water supply flow under the current setting to obtain the dynamic flow load index;

[0108] Among them, the closer the dynamic flow load index is to 1, the smaller the system water supply pressure is, the larger the adjustable space is, and the stronger the resource adjustment capacity is;

[0109] It should be noted that the maximum water supply flow rate under the current setting is obtained by the experimenters based on the structural parameters of the irrigation network and the historical irrigation measured data, which will not be elaborated here;

[0110] The logic of obtaining the fertilizer remaining amount of the fertilizing equipment is to obtain the mass of the remaining fertilizer through the monitoring equipment configured inside the fertilizing equipment to obtain the fertilizer remaining amount of the fertilizing equipment;

[0111] Specifically, the fertilizer of the fertilizing equipment may be solid fertilizer or liquid fertilizer. For liquid fertilizer, a liquid sensor is used to determine the volume of the remaining fertilizer, and for solid fertilizer, a tension weighing sensor is used to monitor the gravity change of the material box to obtain the remaining mass;

[0112] Optionally, a flow integral compensation mechanism is set up, and a residual quantity prediction model is constructed using the historical operation data of the fertilization unit to dynamically correct abnormal deviations and improve calculation accuracy;

[0113] By substituting the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment into the weighted model, the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area is determined;

[0114] Specifically, the weighted model is as described above in this embodiment, and will not be described here;

[0115] The current planting area is the rice growing area mentioned in the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here;

[0116] The nutrient absorption capacity of rice and the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area are coupled and integrated to obtain enhanced regulation characteristics;

[0117] Specifically, the coupled fusion calculation is a type of weighted model, which will not be described in detail here;

[0118] Compare the enhanced control feature with the preset control threshold. If the enhanced control feature is greater than or equal to the control threshold, the enhanced control mechanism is entered. If the enhanced control feature is less than the control threshold, the enhanced control mechanism is not entered.

[0119] Specifically, without entering the enhanced control mechanism, the current operation path can be recorded and retained until step S2 to avoid redundant computing operations. In the subsequent control cycle, the skip logic can be used to reduce the pressure of some sensor data collection and edge computing, thereby improving the overall system computing resource efficiency.

[0120] It should be noted that the preset control threshold is obtained by combining the rice high-density physiological response distribution data set with the historical resource control response curve model, which will not be elaborated here;

[0121] The current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate is the net flux of carbon dioxide per unit canopy area per unit time (the combined result of photosynthesis and respiration), which can dynamically reflect the carbon metabolism intensity of rice. Its acquisition logic is to determine the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate through canopy photosynthesis measurement and infrared gas analysis;

[0122] Specifically, canopy photosynthesis measurements were performed based on the standard photosynthetic induction time window set by the experimenters and the target canopy light saturation response section to ensure the validity of the data obtained under the maximum photosynthetic response state of the rice canopy;

[0123] Infrared gas analysis uses differential infrared absorption spectroscopy to measure the difference in carbon dioxide concentration between the microenvironment above and below the canopy to determine the current carbon dioxide exchange rate in the rice canopy.

[0124] The airflow disturbance index refers to the degree of instantaneous wind speed change in the rice growing area, which has a significant impact on transpiration stability and leaf stomatal regulation. Its acquisition logic is based on recording instantaneous wind speed changes, calculating standard deviation and maximum fluctuation frequency, and weighting them to form the airflow disturbance index.

[0125] Among them, the recording of instantaneous wind speed changes is based on a three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer. The three components of wind speed (i.e. horizontal wind speed, vertical wind speed and lateral wind speed) are measured by the three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer and real-time data collection is performed. Subsequently, based on wind speed signal processing technology, its standard deviation and maximum fluctuation frequency are calculated, and the airflow disturbance index is obtained through a weighted formula;

[0126] Step S4: setting the control level according to the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, comprehensively calculating the resource supply coefficient of the current planting area based on the soil moisture, fertilizer surplus and control level, and determining the control rate in combination with the light-temperature matching coefficient and resource supply coefficient of the rice;

[0127] Map the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index through the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function, set the current regulation enhancement level, and set the regulation enhancement level;

[0128] Among them, the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function is a weighted model, which will not be described here;

[0129] Optionally, multiple rules can be set to meet the control level corresponding to the control upgrade. The specific rules are as follows:

[0130] Rule 1: When the control level is greater than or equal to a, the control level of the planting area at the current time point is set to E;

[0131] Rule 2: When the control level increase is less than a, the control level of the planting area at the current time point is set to F;

[0132] Rule 3: When the control level is greater than or equal to b, the control level of the planting area at the current time point is set to G;

[0133] Rule 4: When the control level increase is less than b, the control level of the planting area at the current time point is set to H;

[0134] Among them, E, F, G, and H are four preset control levels of different sizes, and the levels are sorted in alphabetical order from large to small;

[0135] The control level can be set as a percentage of the basic amount of a series of operations currently put into production. The specific setting range and value are not limited and will not be described in detail here.

[0136] Comprehensively calculate the soil moisture, fertilizer remaining coefficient and resource supply coefficient of the current planting area per unit time;

[0137] The specific comprehensive method can be based on weighting or product, and the specific comprehensive method is not limited;

[0138] Furthermore, the soil moisture of the planting area per unit time, the fertilizer remaining coefficient, and the planting area mentioned in the regulation and enhancement are all rice growing areas. The limitations of the unit time and soil moisture have been described in this example and will not be repeated here.

[0139] The light-temperature matching coefficient and resource supply coefficient of rice determine the regulation rate, and the function fusion is combined with weighted normalization processing to determine the regulation rate of the current planting area.

[0140] Through the above steps, the present invention calculates the light-temperature matching coefficient by real-time monitoring of the root activity index and the leaf transpiration, combining the light intensity and the canopy temperature difference, and evaluates the nutrient absorption capacity of rice by detecting the change of rhizosphere conductivity and the soil nutrient content. When the growth state of rice is not good and the resource regulation ability is strong, it automatically enters the enhanced regulation mechanism, and sets the regulation level according to the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and the airflow disturbance index. The resource supply coefficient is calculated and the regulation rate is determined by the regulation level, thereby optimizing the resource supply and improving the agricultural production efficiency and resource utilization rate. It not only solves the problems of insufficient accuracy and poor adaptability in traditional technologies, but also significantly improves the intelligent level of agricultural production, providing strong support for the efficient and sustainable development of modern agriculture.

[0141] Example 2

[0142] See also Figure 2 , a rice production control system, including a data acquisition unit, an environment analysis unit, a control judgment unit and a resource allocation unit, and the units are signal connected;

[0143] The data acquisition unit is used to collect root activity index, leaf transpiration, light intensity, canopy temperature difference, canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, and to detect changes in rice rhizosphere conductivity, soil nutrient content, dynamic flow load index and fertilizer surplus of fertilization equipment in real time;

[0144] The environmental analysis unit determines the current rice water demand index based on the root activity index and leaf transpiration of rice, calculates the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice based on the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and analyzes the nutrient absorption capacity of rice based on the change of rice rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content;

[0145] The control judgment unit determines the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area according to the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment, and determines whether to strengthen the control mechanism based on the comprehensive nutrient absorption capacity of the rice;

[0146] The resource allocation unit is used to set the control level to calculate the resource supply coefficient of the current planting area, and calculate the control rate based on the light-temperature matching coefficient of rice and the resource supply coefficient to optimize the resource supply.

[0147] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0148] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0149] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0150] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can be represented by: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0151] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0152] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0153] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0154] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0155] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0156] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0157] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0158] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for regulating rice production, characterized in that: include: S1: Collect root activity index and leaf transpiration, and determine the current rice water demand index based on the root activity index and leaf transpiration; S2: Obtain the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area, calculate the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice based on the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and evaluate the nutrient absorption capacity of rice by detecting the changes in rice rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content; S3: Real-time monitoring of the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment to determine the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area, and comprehensively consider the nutrient absorption capacity and resource regulation capacity of rice to determine whether to enter the enhanced regulation mechanism; S4: Set the control level according to the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, calculate the resource supply coefficient based on the soil moisture, fertilizer surplus and control level of the current planting area, and determine the control rate based on the light-temperature matching coefficient and resource supply coefficient of the rice; The conductivity values ​​of continuous time periods were recorded, and the changes before and after the root distribution area were compared to obtain the changes in rhizosphere conductivity. By monitoring the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient ions in the soil of the root distribution area and combining it with the plant distribution density, the current soil nutrient content of rice is synthesized by weighted calculation; The rhizosphere conductivity changes and soil nutrient content were normalized to ensure that the parameters were in the same dimension; The changes in rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content were calculated based on the absorption fitness function to obtain the nutrient absorption capacity of rice.

2. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor in the root distribution area collects the information around the root system, and establishes a function model to obtain the root activity index. The function model is based on empirical modeling or a neural network model trained with historical measured samples; Based on the meteorological factors of the same unit time and combined with the crop model, the leaf transpiration is determined; The Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration model was used to calculate leaf transpiration; Obtain current soil moisture and target soil moisture to establish a water demand characteristic calculation model; Through normalization processing and weighted model calculation, the current soil moisture, root activity index, target soil moisture and leaf transpiration are substituted to obtain the water demand characteristics. The specific formula is expressed as follows: ； In the formula, is the water demand characteristic, is the root activity index, is the current soil moisture, is the target soil moisture, is the leaf transpiration, and is the weight adjustment coefficient.

3. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water demand characteristics are compared with the preset demand threshold. If the water demand characteristics are greater than or equal to the demand threshold, it means that the current rice needs water supply. Conversely, if the water demand characteristics are less than the demand threshold, it means that the current rice does not need water supply.

4. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: By collecting the radiation reflectivity information of the area, calling the geographical location and meteorological data, and using the atmospheric radiation transfer model to calculate the light intensity of the rice growing area; By acquiring the radiation heat map of the rice canopy and the air background temperature in the target area in real time, and inverting and calculating the average temperature of the rice leaves, the air background temperature and the average temperature of the rice leaves are subtracted to obtain the canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area; The light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growing area were normalized and substituted into the light-temperature response weight model function and the matching regulation factor function to obtain the light-temperature matching coefficient of rice.

5. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic flow load index is obtained by subtracting the real-time water demand flow of the rice growing area from the maximum water supply flow under the current setting and calculating the ratio with the maximum water supply flow under the current setting; The quality of the remaining fertilizer is obtained by a monitoring device configured inside the fertilizing equipment, and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilizing equipment is obtained; By substituting the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment into the weighted model, the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area is determined; The nutrient absorption capacity of rice and the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area are coupled and integrated to obtain enhanced regulation characteristics.

6. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The enhanced regulation feature is compared with the preset regulation threshold. If the enhanced regulation feature is greater than or equal to the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is entered. If the enhanced regulation feature is less than the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is not entered.

7. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate through canopy photosynthesis measurements and infrared gas analysis; Based on the recorded instantaneous wind speed changes, the standard deviation and maximum fluctuation frequency are calculated and weighted to form the airflow disturbance index; The current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index are mapped through the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function, and the current regulation enhancement level is set.

8. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 7, characterized in that: Comprehensively calculate the soil moisture, fertilizer remaining coefficient and resource supply coefficient of the current planting area per unit time; The regulation rate determined by the light-temperature matching coefficient and resource supply coefficient of rice is combined with function fusion and weighted normalization processing to determine the regulation rate of the current planting area.

9. A rice production control system, used to implement a rice production control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes a data collection unit, an environment analysis unit, a control and judgment unit, and a resource allocation unit, and the signal connections between the units; The data acquisition unit is used to collect root activity index, leaf transpiration, light intensity, canopy temperature difference, canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, and to detect changes in rice rhizosphere conductivity, soil nutrient content, dynamic flow load index and fertilizer surplus of fertilization equipment in real time; The environmental analysis unit determines the current rice water demand index based on the root activity index and leaf transpiration of rice, calculates the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice based on the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and analyzes the nutrient absorption capacity of rice based on the change of rice rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content; The control judgment unit determines the resource regulation capacity of the current planting area according to the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment, and determines whether to strengthen the control mechanism based on the comprehensive nutrient absorption capacity of the rice; The resource allocation unit is used to set the control level to calculate the resource supply coefficient of the current planting area, and calculate the control rate based on the light-temperature matching coefficient of rice and the resource supply coefficient to optimize the resource supply.

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