The invention discloses a modified atmosphere storage method which includes the steps: (a) a to-be-stored article or the to-be-stored article and a modified atmosphere agent are placed in a modified atmosphere box which comprises a box cover and a box body, wherein the box cover or the box body is provided with a detection valve, and a sealing structure is arranged between the box cover and the box body; (b) the box cover of the modified atmosphere box covers the modified atmosphere box, and the detection valve is turned off; (c) according to requirements, the detection valve of the modified atmosphere box is connected with a detection instrument so that oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, humidity and ethylene concentration in the box body can be detected. A traditional modified atmosphere store system is minimized, the modified atmosphere box is used for storage, application of a modified atmosphere technique can be simple, application ranges are wide, and the modified atmosphere box can be used for storage and maintenance of Chinese herbal medicines, tobaccos, fresh fruit and vegetables, dried fruit, tea, dried vegetables and the like, facilitates transportation, and reduces comprehensive maintenance cost of the modified atmosphere store after the controller atmosphere technique is applied.