A regulation method and system for rice production

Abstract

The present invention discloses a regulation method and system for rice production, which relates to the technical fields of agricultural production and intelligent control, and is used to solve the problems of low production efficiency, uneven crop growth and unstable quality. By monitoring the root activity index and leaf transpiration amount in real time, combining the light intensity and the canopy temperature difference to calculate the light-temperature matching coefficient, and evaluating the nutrient absorption ability of rice by detecting the change of rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content. When the growth state of rice is poor and the resource regulation ability is strong, it automatically enters the intensive regulation mechanism, and sets the regulation level increase according to the current canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and air flow disturbance index of rice. The resource supply coefficient is calculated through the regulation level increase and the regulation rate is determined, so as to optimize the resource supply and improve the agricultural production efficiency and resource utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of agricultural production and intelligent control. More specifically, the present invention relates to a regulation method and system for rice production. Background Art

[0002] Rice production regulation technology involves various methods and systems to optimize resource utilization, growth environment, and crop quality in the agricultural production process. The combination of these technologies can increase yields, improve quality, and reduce resource consumption, providing support for efficient production and sustainable development of modern agriculture.

[0003] The existing technologies have the following deficiencies:

[0004] Currently, most of the existing rice production regulation methods are based on single environmental factors or crop physiological indicators for judgment, lacking the ability to synergistically analyze multi-dimensional physiological parameters and environmental variables, and it is difficult to dynamically evaluate the comprehensive growth status and regulation requirements of rice, resulting in low production efficiency, uneven crop growth, and unstable quality. Therefore, a regulation method and system for rice production are proposed.

[0005] The above information disclosed in the background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure. Therefore, it may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a regulation method and system for rice production, which realize dynamic adjustment and intelligent decision-making for irrigation, fertilization, and environmental response by integrating multi-source environmental perception data, rice physiological state modeling, and resource supply capacity assessment to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution. A regulation method and system for rice production includes S1: collecting the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate, and determining the current water demand index of rice according to the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate;

[0008] S2: obtaining the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area, calculating the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice by integrating the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and evaluating the nutrient absorption ability of rice by detecting the change in rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content;

[0009] S3: real-time monitoring the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer remaining amount of the fertilization equipment, determining the resource regulation ability of the current planting area, and judging whether to enter the enhanced regulation mechanism by integrating the nutrient absorption ability of rice and the resource regulation ability;

[0010] S4: Set the regulation level according to the current carbon dioxide exchange rate of the rice canopy and the airflow disturbance index, calculate the resource supply coefficient by integrating the soil humidity, fertilizer surplus in the current planting area and the regulation level, and determine the regulation rate by combining the light-temperature matching coefficient and the resource supply coefficient of the rice.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, collect the information around the roots through the multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor in the root distribution area, and establish a function model to obtain the root activity index.

[0012] Determine the foliar transpiration amount according to the meteorological factors in the same unit time and in combination with the crop model.

[0013] Obtain the current soil humidity and the target soil humidity to establish a water demand characteristic calculation model.

[0014] Through normalization processing and weighted model calculation, substitute the current soil humidity, root activity index, target soil humidity and foliar transpiration amount to obtain the water demand characteristic.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, compare the water demand characteristic with the preset demand threshold. If the water demand characteristic is greater than or equal to the demand threshold, it indicates that the current rice needs water supply. On the contrary, if the water demand characteristic is less than the demand threshold, it indicates that the current rice does not need water supply.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, collect the radiation reflectance information in the acquisition area, call the geographical location and meteorological data, and calculate the light intensity in the rice growth area by using the atmospheric radiation transfer model.

[0017] By obtaining the radiation heat map of the rice canopy in the target area and the air background temperature in real time, and inversely calculating the average temperature of the rice leaves, subtract the air background temperature from the average temperature of the rice leaves to obtain the canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area.

[0018] Normalize the light intensity and the canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area, and substitute them into the light-thermal response weight model function and the matching regulation factor function to obtain the light-temperature matching coefficient of the rice.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, record the conductivity values in a continuous time period, and combine with the root distribution area to compare the change amount before and after to obtain the change amount of rhizosphere conductivity.

[0020] By monitoring the concentration values of nutrient ions such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil in the root distribution area, and combining with the plant distribution density, calculate the soil nutrient content of the current rice by weighted calculation.

[0021] Normalize the change in rhizosphere conductivity and the soil nutrient content to ensure that the parameters are in the same dimension.

[0022] Based on the change in rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content according to the absorption fitness function, the nutrient absorption capacity of rice is obtained.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the dynamic flow load index is obtained by subtracting the real-time water demand flow rate in the rice growth area from the maximum water supply flow rate under the current setting and calculating the ratio with the maximum water supply flow rate under the current setting;

[0024] The remaining fertilizer mass is obtained through the monitoring device configured inside the fertilization equipment to obtain the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment;

[0025] By substituting the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment into the weighted model, the resource regulation ability of the current planting area is determined;

[0026] The nutrient absorption capacity of rice and the resource regulation ability of the current planting area are coupled and fused to calculate the enhanced regulation characteristics.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the enhanced regulation characteristics are compared with a preset regulation threshold. If the enhanced regulation characteristics are greater than or equal to the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is entered. If the enhanced regulation characteristics are less than the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is not entered.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate is measured by canopy photosynthesis measurement and infrared gas analysis;

[0029] Based on the recorded instantaneous wind speed change, the standard deviation and the maximum fluctuation frequency are calculated and weighted to form the airflow disturbance index;

[0030] The current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and the airflow disturbance index are mapped through the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function, and the current regulation upgrade level is set.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the resource supply coefficient is calculated by comprehensively considering the soil humidity, fertilizer residue coefficient, and regulation upgrade level in the planting area per unit time;

[0032] The light-temperature matching coefficient of rice and the resource supply coefficient are combined by function fusion and weighted normalization to determine the regulation rate of the current planting area.

[0033] A regulation system for rice production includes a data acquisition unit, an environmental analysis unit, a regulation judgment unit, and a resource allocation unit, and the units are signal-connected to each other;

[0034] The data acquisition unit is used to collect root activity index, leaf transpiration, light intensity, canopy temperature difference, canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, and to detect the change of rhizosphere conductivity, soil nutrient content, dynamic flow load index and fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment in real time;

[0035] The environment analysis unit determines the current water demand index of rice by synthesizing the root activity index and leaf transpiration of rice, then calculates the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice by synthesizing the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and analyzes the nutrient absorption capacity of rice according to the change of rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content of rice;

[0036] The regulation judgment unit determines the resource regulation ability of the current planting area according to the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment, and judges whether to carry out an enhanced regulation mechanism by synthesizing the nutrient absorption capacity of rice;

[0037] The resource allocation unit is used to set the regulation level and calculate the resource supply coefficient of the current planting area, and optimize the resource supply by synthesizing the light-temperature matching coefficient and the resource supply coefficient of rice to calculate the regulation rate.

[0038] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0039] 1. By real-time monitoring of the root activity index and leaf transpiration, combining the light intensity and canopy temperature difference to calculate the light-temperature matching coefficient, and evaluating the nutrient absorption capacity of rice by detecting the change of rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content, when the growth state of rice is poor and the resource regulation ability is strong, it automatically enters the enhanced regulation mechanism, and sets the regulation level according to the current canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index of rice, calculates the resource supply coefficient by the regulation level and determines the regulation rate, so as to optimize the resource supply, improve the agricultural production efficiency and resource utilization rate; It not only solves the problems of insufficient accuracy and poor adaptability in the traditional technology, but also significantly improves the intelligent level of agricultural production, providing strong support for the efficient and sustainable development of modern agriculture. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 It is a method flow chart of a regulation method for rice production of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a module schematic diagram of a regulation system for rice production of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0042] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 , a regulation method for rice production, and the specific operation process is as follows:

[0045] S1: During the rice planting process, collect the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate, calculate the water demand characteristics of the rice according to the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate, and determine the current rice water demand index;

[0046] Among them, during the rice planting process, a preset root sensor and a plant physiological monitoring device are used to collect the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate;

[0047] More specifically, the preset root sensor and the plant physiological monitoring device include, but are not limited to, an underground root zone multi-parameter conductivity sensor and a leaf surface infrared thermal imaging or transpiration flow rate monitoring device, which respectively collect the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate to reflect the water absorption capacity and water loss intensity of the rice, and improve the accuracy of water demand assessment;

[0048] Among them, the root activity index refers to a comprehensive physiological parameter used to characterize the current water and nutrient absorption capacity of the rice roots, reflecting the root activity level and its response ability to environmental changes, and is an important indicator for judging the actual water absorption efficiency of the rice; its acquisition logic is through a multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor in the preset root distribution area, based on the conductivity change, redox potential, root respiration rate, and root exudate concentration signals around the roots per unit time, and after normalization processing, a function model is established to obtain the root activity index;

[0049] Among them, the above function model can be based on empirical modeling or a neural network model trained with historical measured samples to complete the reasoning, and the output root activity index is between [0, 1]. The higher the value, the stronger the root activity and the stronger the water absorption ability;

[0050] Furthermore, the collection of the above multiple signals is obtained through a multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor in the root distribution area during the same period. The specific period limit is determined by the experimenters according to the specific actual rice area and root distribution, and will not be elaborated here;

[0051] Furthermore, obtaining the root activity index has the advantage of providing an intuitive understanding of the root water absorption efficiency compared to simply obtaining soil moisture. If the root activity decreases, the actual water use efficiency will decline, and a "false drought" phenomenon will occur even when the soil moisture is sufficient.

[0052] It should be noted that the unit time is the length set by the experimenters according to the specific rice growth cycle and is not limited here.

[0053] Optionally, the root activity essentially reflects the ability and efficiency of the roots to absorb water, while the actual water use efficiency directly describes the ratio relationship between the water absorbed and effectively utilized by the rice. Therefore, there is a close coupling relationship between the actual water use efficiency and the root activity index in the agricultural regulation scenario.

[0054] Therefore, by calculating the ratio of the increase in dry matter of the above-ground part (or effective part) of the rice within a unit time to the soil water consumption or actual irrigation water volume within the same unit time, the actual water use efficiency can be simply obtained, and the root activity index can be approximately estimated based on the effective growth amount brought by a unit irrigation volume, that is, the actual water use efficiency, as the reverse inference basis for the root water absorption efficiency.

[0055] It should be noted that the optional content, as another implementable means, is not a complete acquisition method. Since the actual water use efficiency reflects the macroscopic water absorption result rather than the real-time root metabolic activity, external factors (such as transpiration differences, diseases) may also interfere with the change of the actual water use efficiency, and a correction factor can be cited and combined for correction analysis.

[0056] The foliar transpiration amount refers to the amount of water vapor released by the rice leaves to the outside through the stomata within the same unit time as the above-mentioned root activity index, which is used to reflect the plant's water loss rate and transpiration intensity and is a key physiological parameter for measuring the crop's water demand and transpiration regulation. The acquisition logic is to determine the foliar transpiration amount based on the meteorological factors within the same unit time and in combination with the crop model.

[0057] Specifically, the transpiration calculation formula is expressed as follows:

[0058] ;

[0059] In the formula, is the net radiation, is the soil heat flux, is the saturation and actual vapor pressure difference, is the stomatal resistance, is the meteorological resistance, 、 are the vapor pressure slope and humidity constant, is the foliar transpiration amount;

[0060] Further, the above formula uses the Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration model to calculate the foliar transpiration;

[0061] Among them, a four-component net radiometer is used to obtain the net radiation; a soil heat flux plate is buried at a depth of 5 cm or 10 cm to measure the vertical heat flux change in real time to obtain the soil heat flux; the saturation and actual vapor pressure difference is calculated through the relative humidity of the air; a stomatal conductance meter is used to measure the stomatal conductance in-situ, and then its reciprocal is calculated to obtain the stomatal resistance; the meteorological resistance, vapor pressure slope and humidity constant are measured through the wind speed, temperature and the slope of the vapor pressure changing with temperature;

[0062] Among them, the water demand characteristic indicates the comprehensive water demand intensity of rice per unit area under the current physiological state and environmental conditions, and is the basis parameter for the water regulation strategy; this weight comprehensively considers two core factors: the water absorption capacity (root activity) of rice and the water loss rate (foliar transpiration);

[0063] Obtain the current soil humidity and the target soil humidity to establish a water demand characteristic calculation model;

[0064] Among them, the current soil humidity refers to the soil water content collected in the crop root area through a preset soil humidity sensor, which reflects the water supply capacity of the current soil to rice. The soil humidity is used to correct the water demand value initially calculated from the foliar transpiration and root water absorption capacity, preventing mis-triggering of redundant irrigation;

[0065] The target soil humidity is determined by the experimenters based on the recorded literature of specific rice varieties and the rice growth cycle, which will not be elaborated here;

[0066] Through normalization processing and weighted model calculation, substituting the current soil humidity, root activity index, target soil humidity and foliar transpiration, the water demand characteristic is obtained, and the specific formula is expressed as:

[0067] ;

[0068] In the formula, is the water demand characteristic, is the root activity index, is the current soil humidity, is the target soil humidity, is the foliar transpiration, and are the weight adjustment coefficients;

[0069] It should be noted that the above formula calculation process uniformly normalizes the dimensions of the parameters, which will not be elaborated here;

[0070] Further, Indicates "dynamic matching of transpiration and absorption capacity": when transpiration is high and root absorption is weak, this ratio increases and irrigation is required in a timely manner. Is the "soil moisture factor correction term": if the soil is already close to saturation, the water demand characteristics automatically decrease.

[0071] Compare the water demand characteristics with a preset demand threshold. If the water demand characteristics are greater than or equal to the demand threshold, it indicates that the current rice requires water supply. Conversely, if the water demand characteristics are less than the demand threshold, it indicates that the current rice does not require water supply.

[0072] Optionally, if the current rice requires water supply, the corresponding nutrient solution can be appropriately supplemented according to the root activity index to repair the rice roots, so as to reduce the corresponding water demand characteristic value of the current rice in the future.

[0073] It should be noted that the demand threshold is an empirical critical value threshold determined by the experimenters through multiple batches of planting experiments, based on combining the typical water consumption curve data of rice at different growth stages and the root-leaf coordinated physiological regulation model, and will not be elaborated here.

[0074] S2: Obtain the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area, calculate the light-temperature matching coefficient of the current rice by integrating the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and evaluate the nutrient absorption capacity of the rice by detecting the change in rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content.

[0075] Specifically, the experimenters determine the area of the rice growth area based on parameters such as the rice planting area and paddy field coverage rate, which will not be elaborated here.

[0076] After obtaining the area of the rice growth area, supplement the corresponding preset remote sensing imaging module and infrared temperature detection unit to obtain the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area.

[0077] The light intensity in the rice growth area refers to the total solar radiation energy acting on the rice canopy within the area of the rice growth area, reflecting the total amount of light energy that the rice can obtain in the current environment. It is a key parameter for measuring the photosynthetic efficiency potential of crops. Its acquisition logic is to collect the radiation reflectance information of the area and call the geographical location and meteorological data, and calculate the light intensity in the rice growth area using the atmospheric radiation transfer model.

[0078] Specifically, the remote sensing imaging module obtains the reflectance image of the rice area (including visible light, infrared, and near-infrared bands); calls the geographical location and meteorological data (such as cloud cover, aerosol concentration); and finally uses the atmospheric radiation transfer model (such as SMARTS or 6S) to invert the measured solar radiation of the target surface.

[0079] The specific formula is expressed as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] In the formula, is the solar constant, is the solar zenith angle, is the atmospheric transmittance, is the crop reflectance;

[0082] Among them, the atmospheric radiative transfer model is a physical model that simulates the energy attenuation and scattering during the process of solar radiation passing through the atmosphere. Its inputs include meteorological elements such as solar altitude angle, atmospheric composition, cloud cover, aerosol concentration, ozone, water vapor, etc., and the outputs are the direct and diffuse radiation values on the surface of the target area;

[0083] The acquisition logic of the canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area is to obtain the radiative heat map of the rice canopy in the target area and the air background temperature in real time, and inversely calculate the average temperature of the rice leaves, and subtract the air background temperature from the average temperature of the rice leaves to obtain the canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area;

[0084] Among them, the rice canopy is common knowledge in the field, which refers to the spatial structure area composed of the upper leaves of the rice plant population, and is the core part mainly responsible for photosynthesis, transpiration and heat exchange. It is often used as an important index area for evaluating the growth status of crops in the process of agronomic management and physiological regulation. This area has different morphological characteristics in different growth stages, and its temperature change directly reflects the water regulation ability and transpiration efficiency of the crops;

[0085] Furthermore, the air background temperature is comprehensively determined by the experimenter according to the rice height and the average temperature of the surrounding area on the day. The specific combination method of the selected air background temperature is not limited and will not be elaborated here;

[0086] Normalize the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area, and substitute them into the light-heat response weight model function and the matching regulation factor function to obtain the light-temperature matching coefficient of the rice;

[0087] The specific normalization process has been described in this example and will not be elaborated here;

[0088] In the present invention, a combination modeling of linear weighting and Sigmoid function (i.e., the light-heat response weight model function and the matching regulation factor function) can effectively integrate the influence of two environmental factors of light and temperature difference on the physiological response of crops, and is suitable for constructing dynamic light-temperature regulation indexes for subsequent regulation rate calculation and resource allocation strategy optimization;

[0089] Specifically, the expression formula of the light-heat response weight model function is:

[0090] ;

[0091] In the formula, represents the normalized light intensity, represents the normalized canopy temperature difference, is the weight coefficient of light and temperature difference, which is set by experiment according to rice varieties and growth periods;

[0092] The function expression of the matching regulation factor is:

[0093] ;

[0094] In the formula, is , is the regulation slope factor, which is used to control the sensitivity of response changes; is the optimal light-temperature matching center value (such as 0.5), which reflects the suitable range of rice; represents the final light-temperature matching coefficient value. The closer it is to 1, the higher the matching degree;

[0095] The change in rhizosphere conductivity represents the change in ion concentration in the soil solution around the rice roots. The change trend of conductivity is measured periodically by a rhizosphere sensor to indirectly infer the absorption efficiency of rice for soluble nutrients (such as , , );

[0096] The acquisition logic of the change in rhizosphere conductivity is to record the conductivity values in a continuous time period and compare the change amount before and after in combination with the root distribution area to obtain the change amount of rhizosphere conductivity;

[0097] Among them, the continuous time period is set by the experimenters according to the rice growth cycle, and the root distribution area is obtained by three-dimensional modeling related to the maximum root length distribution of rice;

[0098] The acquisition logic of soil nutrient content is to monitor the concentration values of nutrient ions such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil in the root distribution area and calculate the soil nutrient content of the current rice by weighted synthesis in combination with the plant distribution density;

[0099] Specifically, nutrient ions are common knowledge in the field and will not be elaborated here;

[0100] Furthermore, the plant distribution density is obtained from the rice growth area mentioned in the above embodiment content and the total number of rice plants included in the corresponding area, and will not be elaborated here;

[0101] The change in rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content are normalized to ensure that the parameters are in the same dimension;

[0102] Based on the absorption fitness function of the rhizosphere conductivity change and soil nutrient content, the nutrient absorption capacity of rice is obtained;

[0103] Specifically, the expression of the absorption fitness function is as follows:

[0104] ;

[0105] In the formula, is the nutrient absorption capacity of rice, is the dynamic weight of rhizosphere absorption, is the static supply weight of the soil, , , and are the upper and lower boundary limits obtained from historical samples or model training values, is the change amount of rhizosphere conductivity, is the soil nutrient content;

[0106] Step S3: Real-time monitor the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer remaining amount of the fertilization equipment, determine the resource regulation ability of the current planting area, and judge whether to enter the enhanced regulation mechanism by comprehensively considering the nutrient absorption ability of rice and the resource regulation ability; if entering the enhanced regulation mechanism, then detect the current carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index of the rice canopy;

[0107] The acquisition logic of the dynamic flow load index is to subtract the real-time water demand flow of the rice growth area from the maximum water supply flow under the current setting, and calculate the ratio with the maximum water supply flow under the current setting to obtain the dynamic flow load index;

[0108] Among them, the closer the dynamic flow load index is to 1, the smaller the water supply pressure of the system, the larger the adjustable space, and the stronger the resource regulation ability;

[0109] It should be noted that the maximum water supply flow under the current setting is obtained by combining the irrigation pipe network structure parameters and historical irrigation measurement data by the experimenters, which will not be elaborated here;

[0110] The acquisition logic of the fertilizer remaining amount of the fertilization equipment is to obtain the quality of the remaining fertilizer through the monitoring equipment configured inside the fertilization equipment to obtain the fertilizer remaining amount of the fertilization equipment;

[0111] Specifically, the fertilizer of the fertilization equipment may be solid fertilizer or liquid fertilizer. For liquid fertilizer, a liquid sensor is used to determine the remaining volume of the fertilizer, and for solid fertilizer, a tension weighing sensor is used to monitor the gravity change of the material box to obtain the remaining mass;

[0112] Optionally, a flow integral compensation mechanism is set up, and a remaining amount prediction model is constructed using the historical operation data of the fertilization unit to dynamically correct abnormal deviations and improve the calculation accuracy;

[0113] By substituting the dynamic traffic load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment into the weighted model, the resource regulation ability of the current planting area is determined;

[0114] Specifically, the weighted model is as shown above in this embodiment and will not be described herein;

[0115] Among them, the current planting area is the rice growth area mentioned in the above embodiment and will not be elaborated herein;

[0116] The nutrient absorption ability of the rice and the resource regulation ability of the current planting area are coupled and calculated to obtain the enhanced regulation characteristics;

[0117] Specifically, the coupled calculation is a type of weighted model and will not be elaborated herein;

[0118] The enhanced regulation characteristics are compared with a preset regulation threshold. If the enhanced regulation characteristics are greater than or equal to the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is entered. If the enhanced regulation characteristics are less than the regulation threshold, the enhanced regulation mechanism is not entered;

[0119] Specifically, in the case of not entering the enhanced regulation mechanism, the current operation path can be recorded and retained until step S2, avoiding redundant calculation operations, reducing the pressure of partial sensor data collection and edge computing in subsequent regulation cycles, and improving the overall system computing resource efficiency;

[0120] It should be noted that the preset regulation threshold is obtained by combining the high-density physiological response distribution dataset of rice with the historical resource regulation response curve model and will not be elaborated herein;

[0121] The current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate is the net flux of carbon dioxide per unit canopy area per unit time (the combined result of photosynthesis and respiration), which can dynamically reflect the intensity of rice carbon metabolism. The acquisition logic is to measure the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate through canopy photosynthesis measurement and infrared gas analysis;

[0122] Specifically, the canopy photosynthesis measurement is carried out according to the standard photosynthetic induction time window and the target canopy light saturation response section set by the experimenter to ensure the validity of the acquired data under the maximum photosynthetic response state of the rice canopy;

[0123] The infrared gas analysis measures the current rice canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate by measuring the difference in carbon dioxide concentration in the microenvironments above and below the canopy according to the differential infrared absorption spectroscopy method;

[0124] The air flow disturbance index refers to the degree of violent change in the instantaneous wind speed within the rice growth area, which has a significant impact on transpiration stability and leaf stomatal regulation. Its acquisition logic is based on recording the change in instantaneous wind speed, calculating the standard deviation and the maximum fluctuation frequency, and weighted composition of the air flow disturbance index;

[0125] Among them, recording the change in instantaneous wind speed is based on a three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer. The change in instantaneous wind speed is measured by three components of the wind speed measured by the three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer (i.e., horizontal wind speed, vertical wind speed, and lateral wind speed) and real-time data acquisition is carried out. Subsequently, based on the wind speed signal processing technology, its standard deviation and the maximum fluctuation frequency are calculated, and the air flow disturbance index is obtained through the weighted formula;

[0126] Step S4: Set the regulation upgrade level according to the current carbon dioxide exchange rate and air flow disturbance index of the rice canopy, comprehensively calculate the resource supply coefficient based on the soil humidity, fertilizer surplus in the current planting area and the regulation upgrade level, and determine the regulation rate by combining the light-temperature matching coefficient and the resource supply coefficient of the rice;

[0127] Map the current carbon dioxide exchange rate and air flow disturbance index of the rice canopy through the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function, and set the current regulation upgrade level;

[0128] Among them, the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function is a weighted model, which will not be elaborated here;

[0129] Optionally, multiple rules can be set to meet the regulation levels corresponding to the regulation upgrade levels. The specific rules are as follows:

[0130] Rule 1: When the regulation upgrade level is greater than or equal to a, set the regulation level of the planting area at the current time point to E;

[0131] Rule 2: When the regulation upgrade level is less than a, set the regulation level of the planting area at the current time point to F;

[0132] Rule 3: When the regulation upgrade level is greater than or equal to b, set the regulation level of the planting area at the current time point to G;

[0133] Rule 4: When the regulation upgrade level is less than b, set the regulation level of the planting area at the current time point to H;

[0134] Among them, E, F, G, and H are four preset regulation levels of different sizes, and the level sizes are sorted from largest to smallest in alphabetical order;

[0135] Among them, the regulation level can be set as a percentage of the base amount of a series of operations currently put into production. The specific setting range and values are not limited and will not be elaborated here;

[0136] Calculate the resource supply coefficient by comprehensively considering the soil humidity, fertilizer residue coefficient, and regulation upgrade in the planting area per unit time;

[0137] The specific comprehensive method can be based on weighting or multiplication, and the specific comprehensive method is not limited;

[0138] Furthermore, the planting areas mentioned in the soil humidity, fertilizer residue coefficient, and regulation upgrade in the planting area per unit time are all rice growth areas. The limitations of the unit time and soil humidity have been described in this example and will not be elaborated here;

[0139] Combine the light-temperature matching coefficient of rice and the resource supply coefficient to determine the regulation rate through function fusion and weighted normalization to determine the regulation rate of the current planting area;

[0140] Through the above steps, the present invention monitors the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate in real time, calculates the light-temperature matching coefficient by combining the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and evaluates the nutrient absorption ability of rice by detecting the change in rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content. When the growth state of rice is poor and the resource regulation ability is strong, it automatically enters the enhanced regulation mechanism, sets the regulation upgrade according to the current canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index of rice, calculates the resource supply coefficient through the regulation upgrade and determines the regulation rate, thereby optimizing the resource supply, improving the agricultural production efficiency and resource utilization rate; it not only solves the problems of insufficient accuracy and poor adaptability in traditional technologies, but also significantly improves the intelligent level of agricultural production, providing strong support for the efficient and sustainable development of modern agriculture;

[0141] Embodiment 2

[0142] Please refer to Figure 2 , a regulation system for rice production, including a data acquisition unit, an environment analysis unit, a regulation judgment unit, and a resource allocation unit, with signal connections between the units;

[0143] The data acquisition unit is used to collect the root activity index, leaf transpiration rate, light intensity, canopy temperature difference, canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate, and airflow disturbance index, and to detect the change in rhizosphere conductivity of rice, soil nutrient content, dynamic flow load index, and fertilizer residue of the fertilization equipment in real time;

[0144] The environment analysis unit comprehensively determines the current water demand index of rice based on the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate of rice, then calculates the light-temperature matching coefficient of the current rice by combining the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and analyzes the nutrient absorption ability of rice according to the change in rhizosphere conductivity of rice and soil nutrient content;

[0145] The regulation judgment unit determines the resource regulation ability of the current planting area based on the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer surplus of the fertilization equipment, and comprehensively judges whether to perform an enhanced regulation mechanism according to the nutrient absorption ability of rice;

[0146] The resource allocation unit is used to set the regulation upgrade to calculate the resource supply coefficient of the current planting area, and comprehensively calculate the regulation rate based on the light-temperature matching coefficient and the resource supply coefficient of rice to optimize the resource supply.

[0147] The above formulas are all calculated by taking the numerical values after dimensionless. The formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data for software simulation to approximate the real situation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0148] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that the computer can access, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more collections of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0149] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Here, A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after, but it may also represent an "and / or" relationship, which can be specifically understood with reference to the context before and after.

[0150] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a - b, a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0151] It should be understood that in various embodiments of this application, the magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not imply the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0152] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this application.

[0153] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0154] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0155] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0156] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, each functional unit can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0157] If the above-mentioned function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0158] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for regulating rice production, characterized in that: Including: S1: Collect the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate, and determine the current water demand index of rice according to the root activity index and leaf transpiration rate; S2: Obtain the light intensity and canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area, calculate the current light-temperature matching coefficient of rice by integrating the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and evaluate the nutrient absorption capacity of rice by detecting the change of rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content; S3: Monitor the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer balance of the fertilization equipment in real time, determine the resource regulation ability of the current planting area, judge whether to enter the enhanced regulation mechanism by integrating the nutrient absorption capacity and resource regulation ability of rice. If entering the enhanced regulation mechanism, detect the current canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and air flow disturbance index of rice; S4: Set the regulation upgrade level according to the current canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and air flow disturbance index of rice, calculate the resource supply coefficient by integrating the soil humidity, fertilizer balance and regulation upgrade level of the current planting area, and determine the regulation rate by combining the light-temperature matching coefficient and resource supply coefficient of rice; In S2, record the conductivity values in a continuous time period, and compare the change amount before and after in combination with the root distribution area to obtain the change amount of rhizosphere conductivity; By monitoring the concentration values of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient ions in the soil in the root distribution area, and combining the plant distribution density, calculate and synthesize the current soil nutrient content of rice by weighted calculation; Normalize the change of rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content to ensure that the parameters are in the same dimension; Obtain the nutrient absorption capacity of rice according to the change of rhizosphere conductivity and soil nutrient content based on the absorption adaptation function; Specifically, the expression of the absorption adaptation function is as follows: ； In the formula, is the nutrient absorption capacity of rice, is the dynamic weight of rhizosphere absorption, is the static supply weight of the soil, , , and are the upper and lower boundary limits obtained from historical samples and model training values, is the change in rhizosphere conductivity, is the soil nutrient content; In S3, subtract the real-time water demand flow in the rice growth area from the maximum water supply flow under the current setting, and calculate the ratio with the maximum water supply flow under the current setting to obtain the dynamic flow load index; 2. The regulation method for rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Collect the information around the roots through the multi-parameter root zone conductivity sensor in the root distribution area, and establish a function model to obtain the root activity index; The function model is a neural network model based on empirical modeling or trained by historical measured samples; Determine the leaf transpiration rate according to the meteorological factors in the same unit time and in combination with the crop model; Obtain the current soil humidity and the target soil humidity to establish a water demand characteristic calculation model; Among them, the target soil humidity is used for correction, and it is the water demand value preliminarily calculated from the leaf transpiration rate and the root water absorption capacity; Through normalization processing and weighted model calculation, substitute the current soil humidity, root activity index, target soil humidity and leaf transpiration rate to obtain the water demand characteristic. The specific formula is expressed as: ； In the formula, is the water demand characteristic, is the root activity index, is the current soil humidity, is the target soil humidity, is the foliar transpiration, and are the weight adjustment coefficients.

3. The regulation method for rice production according to claim 2, wherein: Compare the water demand characteristic with the preset demand threshold. If the water demand characteristic is greater than or equal to the demand threshold, it means that the current rice needs water supply. On the contrary, if the water demand characteristic is less than the demand threshold, it means that the current rice does not need water supply.

4. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculate the light intensity in the rice growth area by collecting the radiation reflectance information in the area and calling the geographical location and meteorological data, and using the atmospheric radiation transfer model; By obtaining the radiative heat map of the rice canopy in the target area and the air background temperature in real time, and inversely calculating the average temperature of the rice leaves, subtracting the air background temperature from the average temperature of the rice leaves to calculate the canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area; Normalize the light intensity and the canopy temperature difference in the rice growth area, and substitute them into the light-thermal response weight model function and the matching regulation factor function to obtain the light-temperature matching coefficient of the rice; Specifically, the expression of the light-thermal response weight model function is: ； In the formula, represents the normalized light intensity, represents the normalized canopy temperature difference, is the weight coefficient of light and temperature difference; The expression of the matching regulation factor function is: ； In the formula, is , is a regulation slope factor used to control the sensitivity of response change; is the optimal light-temperature matching central value, reflecting the suitable range of rice; represents the final light-temperature matching coefficient value.

5. A regulation method for rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the mass of the remaining fertilizer through the monitoring device configured inside the fertilization device to obtain the fertilizer balance of the fertilization device; Determine the resource regulation ability of the current planting area by substituting the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer balance of the fertilization device into the weighted model; Couple and fuse the nutrient absorption ability of the rice and the resource regulation ability of the current planting area to obtain the enhanced regulation characteristics.

6. The regulation method for rice production according to claim 5, characterized in that: Compare the enhanced regulation characteristics with the preset regulation threshold. If the enhanced regulation characteristics are greater than or equal to the regulation threshold, enter the enhanced regulation mechanism. If the enhanced regulation characteristics are less than the regulation threshold, do not enter the enhanced regulation mechanism.

7. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Measure the carbon dioxide exchange rate of the current rice canopy through canopy photosynthesis measurement and infrared gas analysis; Based on the recorded instantaneous wind speed changes, calculate the standard deviation and the maximum fluctuation frequency, and weightedly compose the airflow disturbance index; Map the current carbon dioxide exchange rate of the rice canopy and the airflow disturbance index through the carbon flow-disturbance joint response model function, and set the current regulation upgrade level.

8. A method for regulating rice production according to claim 7, characterized in that: Comprehensively calculate the resource supply coefficient based on the soil humidity, fertilizer balance and regulation upgrade level in the planting area per unit time; Combine the function fusion and weighted normalization processing of the light-temperature matching coefficient of the rice and the resource supply coefficient to determine the regulation rate of the current planting area.

9. A regulation system for rice production, which is used to implement the regulation method for rice production described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Including a data acquisition unit, an environment analysis unit, a regulation judgment unit and a resource allocation unit, and the signals of each unit are connected; The data acquisition unit is used to collect the root activity index, leaf transpiration, light intensity, canopy temperature difference, canopy carbon dioxide exchange rate and airflow disturbance index, and real-time detect the change of rhizosphere conductivity of rice, soil nutrient content, dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer balance of the fertilization device; The environment analysis unit comprehensively determines the current water demand index of the rice based on the root activity index and leaf transpiration of the rice, then comprehensively calculates the light-temperature matching coefficient of the current rice based on the light intensity and canopy temperature difference, and analyzes the nutrient absorption ability of the rice according to the change of rhizosphere conductivity of rice and soil nutrient content; The regulation judgment unit determines the resource regulation ability of the current planting area according to the dynamic flow load index and the fertilizer balance of the fertilization device, and comprehensively judges whether to enter the enhanced regulation mechanism according to the nutrient absorption ability of the rice; The resource allocation unit is used to set the regulation upgrade level to calculate the resource supply coefficient of the current planting area, and comprehensively calculate the regulation rate based on the light-temperature matching coefficient and the resource supply coefficient of the rice to optimize the resource supply.

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