Comprehensive site selection method and device for plateau road region animal channel and readable medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical digital data processing, in particular to a comprehensive site selection method and device for plateau road domain animal channels and a readable medium, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining address information of all preset animal channels on a highway route; determining a preset animal channel suitability evaluation factor; s2, giving a preset animal channel score according to the suitability evaluation factor; s3, based on the scores of the different evaluation factors, performing superposition calculation to obtain a total score of the preset animal channel, and classifying the suitability of the preset animal channel according to the total score; s4, determining the site selection of the animal channel according to the suitability classification of the preset animal channel; according to the site selection method, all the preset animal channels on the highway route are evaluated and classified, the addresses of the preset animal channels with good suitability are screened out to serve as the addresses of the animal channels, and the site selection method has the advantages of being good in universality and high in animal channel utilization rate and is suitable for large-scale application in site selection of the animal channels in the plateau road domain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic digital data processing, in particular to animal passage site selection technology, and in particular to a comprehensive site selection method and device for animal passages on plateau roads and a readable medium. Background Art

[0002] Plateau refers to an area with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters and a relative height of more than 500 meters, and a relatively flat or undulating terrain. With the continuous strengthening of people's awareness of ecological environment and wildlife protection, ecological protection has become a necessary factor to be considered in the process of transportation construction. Therefore, in order to alleviate the negative impact of transportation construction on wildlife and the ecological environment, animal passages have been widely used in transportation construction.

[0003] Among them, bridges, tunnels and culverts are common engineering structures designed during road construction according to road conditions such as terrain, geological investment, soil and water conservation, and engineering volume. They are mainly designed to ensure the safety, smoothness and efficiency of roads. However, with the need for ecological protection, bridges, tunnels and culverts have become the main forms of animal passages today and are the main passages for animals to cross roads. Therefore, the site selection of animal passages needs to be based on the coordination of the relationship between wildlife protection and engineering construction, and on the premise of ensuring the smooth progress of the project, to minimize the impact on the movement of wildlife and the fragmentation of populations, and to maintain the connectivity of wildlife habitats to the greatest extent.

[0004] In the prior art, in order to ensure the rationality of the site selection of animal passages, the site selection of animal passages is mostly based on expert consultation and macro-scale analysis. For example, in the site selection of wildlife passages on a certain highway in the northwest, researchers used a combination of expert consultation and field investigation to determine the number and location of animal passages. Although the addresses of animal passages that theoretically meet the needs of animal crossing roads were obtained through expert consultation and macro-scale analysis, the actual effect of the animal passages could not be known due to the lack of field data support and long-term monitoring verification, and the obtained animal passage addresses were not suitable. Therefore, in order to obtain more suitable animal passage addresses, a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages in plateau roads is needed to obtain more suitable animal passage addresses, thereby providing a reference for the design and evaluation of animal passages during transportation construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads in response to the problem that the site selection of animal passages in the prior art is mostly based on expert consultation and macro-scale analysis, and lacks scientific evidence and long-term monitoring verification.

[0006] The present invention provides a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain the address information of all preset animal passages on the highway route; determine the suitability evaluation factors of the preset animal passages; S2. Assign scores to the preset animal passages according to the suitability evaluation factors; S3. Based on the scores of different evaluation factors, a total score of the preset animal passage is obtained by superimposing the scores, and the suitability of the preset animal passage is classified according to the total score; S4. Determine the location of the animal passage based on the suitability classification of the preset animal passage.

[0007] The present invention discloses a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads. According to factors such as the ecological characteristics of plateau roads and the law of animal distribution, animal passage evaluation factors and evaluation models are screened in a targeted manner, and all preset animal passages on highway routes are evaluated and classified, so as to screen out preset animal passage addresses with better suitability as the addresses of the animal passages. The site selection method has the characteristics of good universality and high utilization rate of animal passages, and is suitable for large-scale application in the site selection of animal passages on plateau roads.

[0008] Among them, in step S1, preferably, the preset animal passage includes at least one of a bridge, a tunnel and a culvert; the preset animal passage is designed according to conventional design requirements such as the geological conditions of the road area, line selection standards, and design requirements for ordinary road passages, and is characterized by universality and large number.

[0009] Preferably, the address information of the preset animal passage is obtained based on highway line selection design data and belongs to basic information data of road design.

[0010] Preferably, the suitability evaluation factors include the positional relationship between the preset animal passage and the ecological corridor, the positional relationship between the preset animal passage and the animal habitat, and the animal traces in the preset animal passage; the selection of the suitability evaluation factors is determined based on their impact on the utilization rate of the animal passage.

[0011] Among them, in step S2, preferably, the specific method of assigning the preset animal channel score includes: Obtaining location information of the ecological corridor on the highway route, determining the location relationship between the address of the preset animal passage and the ecological corridor, and assigning a first score to the preset animal passage according to the location relationship between the preset animal passage and the ecological corridor; Obtaining location information of animal habitats on the highway route, determining a location relationship between a preset animal passage address and the animal habitat, and assigning a second score to the preset animal passage according to the location relationship between the preset animal passage and the animal habitat; The animal trace information of the preset animal channel is obtained, and based on the animal trace information of the preset animal channel, a third score is assigned to the preset animal channel.

[0012] Preferably, the location information of the ecological corridor is extracted through the MCR model, which specifically includes source identification-resistance surface construction-corridor extraction; the location information of the animal habitat can be obtained through the published list of important habitats for terrestrial wild animals or in accordance with the "Interim Measures for the Identification of Important Habitats for Terrestrial Wildlife"; the animal traces are collected using literature method, photogrammetry, laser scanning, infrared camera monitoring, interview method, sample point method, sample line method, sample method, GPS collar method, mark-recapture method, and sound positioning method.

[0013] Preferably, the ecological corridors have multiple ecological service functions such as protecting biodiversity, purifying pollutants, controlling soil erosion, preventing wind and sand, and regulating water resources. They are mainly composed of ecological structural elements such as vegetation and water bodies.

[0014] Preferably, the animal habitats include wild yak habitats, panda habitats, red panda habitats, snow leopard habitats, etc.

[0015] Preferably, the animal traces refer to traces of animals found within a radius of 1 km from the preset animal passage address within 12 months, and the number of animal appearances is not less than 5 times; the appearance of animal traces within a certain range of the preset animal passage indicates that there is a possibility of animals passing through the animal passage, and the animal species counted can be adjusted according to the animal species that need to be protected.

[0016] Preferably, the first score is 0 and 1. When the preset animal passage address falls within the ecological corridor, the preset animal passage is assigned a first score of 1; when the preset animal passage address does not fall within the ecological corridor, the preset animal passage is assigned a first score of 0.

[0017] Preferably, the second score is 0 and 1. When the preset animal passage address falls within the animal habitat, the preset animal passage is assigned a second score of 1; when the preset animal passage address does not fall within the animal habitat, the preset animal passage is assigned a second score of 0.

[0018] Preferably, the third score is 0 and 1. When animal traces appear in the preset animal channel, the preset animal channel is assigned a third score of 1; when no animal traces are found in the preset animal channel, the preset animal channel is assigned a third score of 0.

[0019] Among them, in step S3, the calculation formula for the total score of the preset animal channel is: Q=a+b+c; wherein, Q is the total score of the preset animal channel; a is the first score; b is the second score; c is the third score.

[0020] Preferably, the standard for classifying the suitability of the preset animal passage is: when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 3 points, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is extremely suitable; when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 2 points or the third score c of the preset animal passage is 1 point, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is suitable; when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 1 point and the third score c of the preset animal passage is 0 point, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is relatively suitable; when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 0 point, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is unsuitable.

[0021] Among them, in step S4, the site selection standard of the animal passage is: the preset animal passage addresses with suitability levels classified as suitable and extremely suitable are used as the finally confirmed animal passage addresses.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a comprehensive site selection device for animal passages on plateau roads, comprising at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the above-mentioned comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions executable by a processor, wherein when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads. According to factors such as the ecological characteristics of plateau roads and the distribution patterns of animals, animal passage evaluation factors and optimization evaluation models are targetedly screened, and all preset animal passages on highway routes are evaluated, scored and classified, thereby screening out preset animal passage addresses with better suitability as the addresses of the animal passages, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of site selection.

[0025] 2. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads of the present invention has the characteristics of good universality and high reliability, and is suitable for large-scale application in the site selection of animal passages on plateau roads. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 The animal trace (utilization rate) diagram of a preset animal passage on a highway in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3This is a site selection map for an animal passage on a highway in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 A comprehensive site selection method for plateau road animal passages according to the present invention (see flowchart) Figure 1 ) Select the location of an animal passage on a highway. The specific methods include: S1. Obtain the address information of the preset animal passages on a highway, i.e., the address information of the bridges, tunnels and culverts on a highway (a total of 124 bridges, 20 tunnels and 157 culverts); determine the suitability evaluation factors of the preset animal passages, including: the positional relationship between the preset animal passages and the ecological corridors, the positional relationship between the preset animal passages and the animal habitats, and the animal traces in the preset animal passages; S2. Obtain the location information of the ecological corridor of a highway area, and perform superposition analysis on the address information of the bridges, tunnels and culverts of a highway and the location information of the ecological corridor (only the ecological corridors of wild yaks, pandas, red pandas, snow leopards and Tibetan antelopes are counted) to determine the location relationship between the bridges, tunnels and culverts of a highway and the ecological corridor; when the bridge, tunnel or culvert is in the ecological corridor, the corresponding bridge, tunnel or culvert is given a first score of 1 point; otherwise, it is given a first score of 0 point; see Table 1 for details: Table 1 The position relationship between the preset animal passages and ecological corridors ; Obtain the location information of animal habitats in a highway area, and perform superposition analysis on the address information of bridges, tunnels and culverts on a highway and the location information of animal habitats to determine the location relationship between bridges, tunnels and culverts on a highway and animal habitats (only the habitats of wild yaks, pandas, red pandas, snow leopards and Tibetan antelopes are counted); when a bridge, tunnel or culvert is within the animal habitat, the corresponding bridge, tunnel or culvert is given a second score of 1 point; otherwise, a second score of 0 point is given; see Table 2 for details; Table 2 The relationship between the location of the preset animal passages and animal habitats ; Collect animal activity traces within a 1km radius of a preset bridge, tunnel, and culvert on a highway (including wild yaks, pandas, red pandas, snow leopards, and Tibetan antelopes) for 12 months ( Figure 2); When animal tracks are found on a bridge, tunnel or culvert, the corresponding bridge, tunnel or culvert is given a third score of 1 point; otherwise, a third score of 0 point is given; see Table 3 for details; Table 3 Statistics of animal activity traces in the preset animal channel ; S3. Based on the scores of different evaluation factors, the total score of the preset animal passage is obtained by superposition calculation, and the suitability of the preset animal passage is classified according to the total score; the calculation formula of the total score of the preset animal passage is: Q=a+b+c; wherein Q is the total score of the preset animal passage; a is the first score; b is the second score; c is the third score; The standard for classifying the suitability of the preset animal passage is: when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 3 points, when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 2 points or the third score c of the preset animal passage is 1 point, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is suitable; when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 1 point and the third score c of the preset animal passage is 0 point, the suitability of the preset animal passage is relatively suitable; when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 0 point, the suitability of the preset animal passage is unsuitable; The specific scores and classification results are shown in Table 4: Table 4 Preset animal channel scores and classification results ; S4. According to the classification results, select suitable and extremely suitable preset animal passage addresses as the final animal passage site selection. ( Figure 3 ).

[0029] Example 2 A comprehensive site selection device for animal passages on plateau roads, including a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor so that the processor can execute a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads in Example 1.

[0030] Example 3 A computer-readable medium stores instructions executable by a processor, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to execute the comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads described in Example 1.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain the address information of all preset animal passages on the highway route; determine the suitability evaluation factors of the preset animal passages; The suitability evaluation factors include the positional relationship between the preset animal passage and the ecological corridor, the positional relationship between the preset animal passage and the animal habitat, and the animal traces in the preset animal passage; S2. Assign scores to the preset animal passages according to the suitability evaluation factors; The specific method of assigning the preset animal channel score includes: Obtaining location information of the ecological corridor on the highway route, determining the location relationship between the address of the preset animal passage and the ecological corridor, and assigning a first score to the preset animal passage according to the location relationship between the preset animal passage and the ecological corridor; Obtaining location information of animal habitats on the highway route, determining a location relationship between a preset animal passage address and the animal habitat, and assigning a second score to the preset animal passage according to the location relationship between the preset animal passage and the animal habitat; Acquire animal trace information of a preset animal channel, and assign a third score to the preset animal channel based on the animal trace information of the preset animal channel; S3. Based on the scores of different evaluation factors, a total score of the preset animal passage is obtained by superimposing the scores, and the suitability of the preset animal passage is classified according to the total score; S4. Determine the location of the animal passage based on the suitability classification of the preset animal passage.

2. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the preset animal passage includes at least one of a bridge, a tunnel and a culvert.

3. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the location information of the ecological corridor is extracted through the MCR model, which specifically includes source identification-resistance surface construction-corridor extraction; The animal traces are collected using literature method, photogrammetry, laser scanning, infrared camera monitoring, interview method, sample point method, sample line method, sample method, GPS collar method, mark-recapture method, and sound positioning method.

4. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the animal traces refer to the traces of animals found within a radius of 1 km of the preset animal passage address within 12 months, and the number of animal appearances is not less than 5 times.

5. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the first score is 0 and 1. When the address of the preset animal passage falls within the ecological corridor, the preset animal passage is given a first score of 1 point; When the address of the preset animal passage does not fall within the ecological corridor, the preset animal passage is given a first score of 0; The second score is 0 and 1. When the address of the preset animal passage falls within the animal habitat, a second score value of 1 point is assigned to the preset animal passage; When the address of the preset animal passage does not fall within the animal habitat, a second score value of 0 is assigned to the preset animal passage; The third score is 0 and 1. When animal traces appear in the preset animal passage, a third score value of 1 point is assigned to the preset animal passage; When no animal traces are found in the preset animal channel, a third score value of 0 is assigned to the preset animal channel.

6. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S3, the calculation formula for the total score of the preset animal channel is: Q=a+b+c; Among them, Q is the total score of the preset animal channel; a is the first score; b is the second score; c is the third score.

7. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S3, the standard for classifying the suitability of the preset animal passage is: when the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 3 points, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is extremely suitable; When the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 2 points or the third score c of the preset animal passage is 1 point, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is suitable; When the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 1 point, and the third score c of the preset animal passage is 0 point, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is relatively suitable; When the total score Q of the preset animal passage is 0 points, the suitability level of the preset animal passage is unsuitable.

8. The comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S4, the site selection criteria for the animal passage are: the preset animal passage addresses with suitability levels classified as suitable and extremely suitable are used as the final confirmed animal passage addresses.

9. A comprehensive site selection device for animal passages on plateau roads, characterized in that: It includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable medium, characterized in that Instructions executable by a processor are stored thereon, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes a comprehensive site selection method for animal passages on plateau roads as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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