Electronic grating quality inspection method and system based on digital twinning, and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of quality inspection, and particularly discloses an electronic grating quality inspection method and system based on digital twinning, and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the three-dimensional modeling of an actual part in a standard form, and obtaining a digital twinning model of the actual part; carrying out quality inspection zoning on the surface area of the actual part based on the digital twinborn model of the actual part to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part; detecting each appearance quality inspection area of the actual part by using a digital twin electronic grating group to obtain shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of the actual part; based on the shape and size measurement data and the surface defect detection data of all the quality inspection areas of the actual part and the digital twinborn model, obtaining a quality inspection result of the actual part; accurate partition detection of a quality inspection object is realized, and visual visualization of a quality inspection result is realized by using digital twinning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quality inspection technology, and in particular to an electronic grating quality inspection method, system, and medium based on digital twins. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, the requirements for product quality are getting higher and higher. Traditional quality inspection methods mainly rely on manual inspection and simple measuring tools, which have problems such as low efficiency, poor accuracy, and strong subjectivity. In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of quality inspection, electronic grating technology has gradually been applied to the field of product quality inspection. Electronic gratings have the advantages of high precision, high speed, and non-contact measurement, and can quickly and accurately detect parameters such as product size, shape, and surface defects. At the same time, digital twin technology, as an emerging technical means, can map and interact physical entities with digital models in real time, providing a new solution for product design, manufacturing, and operation and maintenance. Combining digital twin technology with electronic grating quality inspection can realize the full life cycle management of product quality and improve the intelligence level and decision-making support capabilities of quality inspection.

[0003] Since the appearance quality inspection needs to cover the entire appearance area of ​​the product, it is difficult to design an electronic grating measurement system that can fully cover the entire appearance area of ​​the product and meet the quality inspection requirements of different local components. Traditional electronic grating quality inspection methods usually only use a single electronic grating device for inspection, which is difficult to fully and accurately reflect the quality status of the product. For example, for products with complex shapes, a single electronic grating may not be able to cover all inspection areas, resulting in quality problems in some appearance areas that cannot be detected. Most of the existing electronic grating quality inspection methods run independently and have a low degree of integration with digital twin technology. This makes it impossible for quality inspection data to interact and update with the digital model of the product in real time, making it difficult to achieve full life cycle management of product quality. The lack of support for digital twins also limits the data analysis and decision support capabilities in the quality inspection process, making it difficult to meet the needs of intelligent production.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes an electronic grating quality inspection method, system, and medium based on digital twins. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an electronic grating quality inspection method, system, and medium based on digital twins, which are used to partition the surface areas of actual parts for quality inspection and use the electronic grating of the digital twins to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual parts, thereby achieving precise partitioning of the quality inspection objects. The digital twin electronic grating detection can comprehensively and accurately detect the quality status of the products, and integrate the digital twin technology with the previous methods, so that the quality inspection data and the digital model of the product can interact and update in a timely manner. The digital twins are used to realize intuitive visualization of the quality inspection results, facilitate continuous management of product quality, and provide data support for data analysis and decision-making in the quality inspection process, thereby meeting the needs of intelligent production.

[0006] The present invention provides an electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, comprising:

[0007] S1: Perform 3D modeling on actual parts of standard form to obtain digital twin models of actual parts;

[0008] S2: Based on the digital twin model of the actual part, the surface area of ​​the actual part is divided into quality inspection zones to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part is set;

[0009] S3: Use the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0010] S4: Based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual part and the digital twin model, the quality inspection results of the actual part are obtained and output.

[0011] Preferably, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S2: based on the digital twin model of the actual part, the surface area of ​​the actual part is partitioned for quality inspection, all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part are obtained, and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part is set, including:

[0012] S201: Based on the quality inspection requirements of all the surface areas of the components in the surface area of ​​the actual part in the standard form, the surface area of ​​the actual part is divided to obtain the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement;

[0013] S202: Determine standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part based on the digital twin model of the actual part;

[0014] S203: Based on the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part;

[0015] S204: Setting the inspection standard for each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part.

[0016] Preferably, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S202: determining the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part based on the digital twin model of the actual part, including:

[0017] Determine multiple inspection locations at preset intervals on the digital twin model of the actual part;

[0018] Based on the digital twin model of the actual part, determine the normal and tangent plane of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position;

[0019] Determining a plurality of cutting angles at each detection position in a standard two-dimensional coordinate system on a cutting plane at each detection position at preset interval angles;

[0020] Calculate the curvature of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form based on all the sectioning angles at each detection position, and obtain the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position;

[0021] The curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at all detection positions is regarded as the standard surface form distribution data of the actual part.

[0022] Preferably, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins calculates the curvature of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form based on all the cutting angles at each inspection position, and obtains the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each inspection position, including:

[0023] Determine a plurality of planes for each cutting angle represented in a standard two-dimensional coordinate system on the cutting plane, which pass through the normal line of the corresponding detection position and intersect the cutting plane, as all the cutting planes of the corresponding detection position;

[0024] According to the principle of increasing cutting angle, all cutting planes at each detection position are sorted to obtain a cutting plane sequence at each detection position;

[0025] Determine the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position;

[0026] Determine the apparent curvature of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position based on the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position;

[0027] Based on the cutting plane sequence at each detection position, the apparent curvatures of all the cutting planes at each detection position are sorted to obtain the apparent curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position.

[0028] Preferably, in the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S203: based on the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, including:

[0029] Obtaining the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard shape at all detection positions from the standard surface shape distribution data of the actual part;

[0030] Based on the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each detection position, a curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each detection position is fitted;

[0031] Mark the appearance curvatures with the same order in the appearance curvature sequence of all the detection positions on the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at the corresponding detection positions on the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form, and generate the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each sectioning angle;

[0032] Based on the curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each cutting angle, the appearance coverage area for each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part.

[0033] Preferably, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins is based on the curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each cutting angle, and the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, including:

[0034] Obtain the quality inspection area division model;

[0035] The curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each cutting angle are input into the quality inspection area division model to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part.

[0036] Preferably, S3: using the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtaining shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, including:

[0037] Use the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain grating data as the shape and size measurement data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0038] The grating data is output as a line. At the same time, by quantifying the change distance and change angle between two position points in the line generated by the grating data, surface defect detection data is obtained, wherein the surface defect detection data includes a judgment result of whether the appearance of the appearance quality inspection area is qualified.

[0039] Preferably, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S3: using the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtaining shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, including:

[0040] S301: using the digital twin electronic grating group to obtain the interference image of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0041] S302: Based on the interference image of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, obtain shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part.

[0042] Preferably, in the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S4: based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual part and the digital twin model, the quality inspection result of the actual part is obtained, including:

[0043] S401: performing partition comparison between the shape and size measurement data and the surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part and the digital twin model to obtain the partition quality inspection result of the actual part;

[0044] S402: Project the partition quality inspection results of the actual parts to the digital twin model to obtain and output the quality inspection results of the actual parts.

[0045] The present invention provides an electronic grating quality inspection system based on digital twin, which is used to execute any of the above electronic grating quality inspection methods based on digital twin, including:

[0046] The digital twin module is used to perform three-dimensional modeling on actual parts of standard form to obtain digital twin models of actual parts;

[0047] The quality inspection partitioning module is used to partition the surface area of ​​the actual part for quality inspection based on the digital twin model of the actual part, obtain all the appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, and set the inspection standard for each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0048] The grating detection module is used to detect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part using the digital twin electronic grating group and the detection standard of each appearance quality inspection area, and obtain the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0049] The twin projection module is used to obtain and output the quality inspection results of the actual parts based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual parts and the digital twin model.

[0050] The present invention provides a computer-readable medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned electronic grating quality inspection methods based on digital twins.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by zoning the surface areas of actual parts for quality inspection and using digital twin electronic grating to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual parts, accurate zoning of digital twin electronic grating inspection of the quality inspection objects can be achieved, which can comprehensively and accurately detect the quality status of the products, and integrate digital twin technology with other methods so that quality inspection data and the digital model of the product can interact and update in a timely manner. Digital twins are used to realize intuitive visualization of quality inspection results, facilitate continuous management of product quality, and provide data support for data analysis and decision-making in the quality inspection process, thereby meeting the needs of intelligent production.

[0052] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in this application document.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a specific execution method of step S2 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the case where the raster data in an embodiment of the present invention is output as lines;

[0058] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a change distance and a change angle between two position points in a line generated by raster data in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal functional sub-modules of the electronic grating quality inspection system based on digital twin in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1:

[0062] The present invention provides an electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins, referring to Figure 1 ,include:

[0063] S1: Perform 3D modeling on actual parts of standard form to obtain digital twin models of actual parts;

[0064] S2: Based on the digital twin model of the actual part, the surface area of ​​the actual part is divided into quality inspection zones to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part is set;

[0065] S3: Use the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0066] S4: Based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual part and the digital twin model, the quality inspection results of the actual part are obtained and output.

[0067] In this embodiment, the standard form represents a state where the actual part has no appearance quality problems.

[0068] In this embodiment, the actual part represents a part object that needs to be inspected using an electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins, such as a car hood.

[0069] In this embodiment, the digital twin model of the actual part is a virtual mapping of the actual part of the standard form in the data space, and is mainly used to reflect the shape, size, surface morphology and other characteristics of the actual part of the standard form.

[0070] In this embodiment, the surface area of ​​the actual part includes a complete appearance area of ​​the actual part that needs to be inspected.

[0071] In this embodiment, all appearance inspection areas of the actual part are divided by the surface area of ​​the actual part.

[0072] In this embodiment, the digital twin electronic grating group is an electronic grating array formed by combining multiple electronic gratings in a digital electronic grating measurement system.

[0073] The functional modules required for the realization of digital electronic grating measurement system are as follows:

[0074] Data import function module: import original design CAD data model, support IGS, STP and other formats; scan mesh data import, support STL format import;

[0075] Grid data optimization processing module: grid segmentation, grid smoothing, grid optimization;

[0076] Grid alignment processing module: the scanned grid is automatically fitted to the existing CAD product digital model for best fit alignment;

[0077] Scan mesh to automatically generate surface module: convert mesh data into irregular surface with one click;

[0078] Hexahedron-based grating density setting module: according to the detection needs (i.e. the final value range of all types of electronic grating parameters of each surface partition), the direction and density of grating generation can be set in six directions: up and down, left and right, and front and back;

[0079] Grating library setting and management module: The grating library creates corresponding grating files according to different refraction directions and grating densities;

[0080] Standard detection viewing angle setting module: You can select orthogonal or perspective viewing angle and set the height, angle and distance of the display viewing angle, and store the set parameters as the corresponding detection template (i.e. detection standard). You can save multiple detection templates at the same time;

[0081] Overall inspection module: Automatically generates inspection views based on the parameters set by the standard inspection view angle. The generated inspection views can be manually viewed one by one.

[0082] Specific point detection module: produces single-point detection views by specifying specific positions of parts;

[0083] Coordinate conversion module: set the body coordinates and stamping coordinates, and switch quickly;

[0084] Detection record module: During the automatic or manual detection process, the current detection view can be saved. During automatic detection, the detection record is automatically generated. During manual detection, the record can be saved manually, and the detection record can be named.

[0085] Automatic test report generation module: Generate the final test result report with one click based on the test records, which can be saved as PPT or table output.

[0086] In this embodiment, the shape and size measurement data includes shape description information (such as round, square, etc.) and specific size values ​​(such as length, width, height, diameter, etc.) of each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part. For example, for an appearance inspection area of ​​a mechanical part, the shape and size measurement data may include that its outer contour is round, the diameter is 5 cm, and the thickness is 1 cm.

[0087] In this embodiment, the surface defect detection data is related to information about flaws, breakages, scratches, and unevenness existing on the surface of each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part.

[0088] In this embodiment, the quality inspection result of the actual part includes the size deviation and shape deviation as well as the appearance defect in the complete appearance area of ​​the actual part. For example, if a scratch of 2 cm long and 0.1 mm wide is detected on the surface of a certain appearance inspection area, or a pit with a diameter of 0.5 cm, these are all surface defect detection data.

[0089] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: by zoning the surface area of ​​the actual parts for quality inspection and using electronic grating to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual parts, accurate zoning electronic grating inspection of the quality inspection object can be achieved, which can comprehensively and accurately detect the quality status of the product, and integrate digital twin technology with other methods, so that the quality inspection data and the digital model of the product can interact and update in time, and use digital twins to realize intuitive visualization of quality inspection results, facilitate continuous management of product quality, and provide data support for data analysis and decision-making in the quality inspection process, thereby meeting the needs of intelligent production.

[0090] Embodiment 2:

[0091] Based on Example 1, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S2: based on the digital twin model of the actual part, the surface area of ​​the actual part is partitioned for quality inspection, all the appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part are obtained, and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part is set, referring to Figure 2 ,include:

[0092] S201: Based on the quality inspection requirements of all the surface areas of the components in the surface area of ​​the actual part in the standard form, the surface area of ​​the actual part is divided to obtain the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement;

[0093] S202: Determine standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part based on the digital twin model of the actual part;

[0094] S203: Based on the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part;

[0095] S204: Setting the inspection standard for each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part.

[0096] In this embodiment, the surface area of ​​all components refers to the surface range of different components in the actual part surface. For example, for a car, the surface area of ​​all components includes the outer surface of the car body, such as doors, hood, trunk lid, roof, front and rear bumpers, etc.; the surface of the window glass; the surface of the wheel hub; the outer surface of the lights, including the headlights, taillights, turn signals, etc.; the surface of the rearview mirror; and the surface of the air intake grille.

[0097] In this embodiment, the quality inspection requirements are specific requirements and expectations for the quality inspection of actual parts. For example, for the above-mentioned car, the quality inspection requirements may include that the shell has no scratches and dents, and the parts fit tightly.

[0098] In this embodiment, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is a specific range that needs to be inspected on the actual part surface corresponding to the different quality inspection requirements. For example, the appearance coverage area of ​​the quality inspection requirement of no scratches on the computer shell is the entire shell surface of the computer host.

[0099] In this embodiment, the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part refers to detailed data information describing the surface shape, features and layout of the actual part under the standard state. Taking the computer as an example, this may include the shape, size, position of each component and their distribution on the overall surface.

[0100] The beneficial effects of the above technology are as follows: Step S201 can divide the actual part surface area according to the quality inspection requirements to meet the specific quality inspection requirements of different parts. Step S202 determines the standard surface morphology distribution data through the digital twin model to provide an accurate reference for the subsequent quality inspection area division. Step S203 further subdivides the appearance coverage area based on the standard data to obtain more accurate all appearance quality inspection areas, thereby improving the pertinence and accuracy of quality inspection. The overall solution helps to conduct comprehensive, detailed and targeted quality inspection of actual parts, and improve the quality and efficiency of quality inspection. It can better adapt to diverse quality inspection needs, reduce quality inspection errors, and ensure product quality.

[0101] Embodiment 3:

[0102] On the basis of Example 2, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S202: determining the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part based on the digital twin model of the actual part, including:

[0103] Determine multiple inspection locations at preset intervals on the digital twin model of the actual part;

[0104] Based on the digital twin model of the actual part, determine the normal and tangent plane of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position;

[0105] Determining a plurality of cutting angles at each detection position in a standard two-dimensional coordinate system on a cutting plane at each detection position at preset interval angles;

[0106] Calculate the curvature of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form based on all the sectioning angles at each detection position, and obtain the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position;

[0107] The curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at all detection positions is regarded as the standard surface form distribution data of the actual part.

[0108] In this embodiment, multiple detection positions are determined at preset intervals on the digital twin model of the actual part, that is, multiple specific points for detection and analysis are selected on the digital twin model of the actual part according to a certain distance or rule set in advance. For example, for a digital twin model of a car, a detection position may be determined every 10 centimeters.

[0109] In this embodiment, the tangent plane is a plane that is tangent to the actual part surface at a certain point. The standard two-dimensional coordinate system established on this tangent plane usually takes this point as the origin and two mutually perpendicular directions as coordinate axes, and is used to accurately describe and measure relevant data on this plane. That is, the origin of the standard two-dimensional coordinate system of all tangent planes is the detection position as the origin, the horizontal coordinates of the standard two-dimensional coordinate system are consistent with the horizontal coordinate direction in the world coordinate system, and the vertical coordinates of the standard two-dimensional coordinate system are the directions of the horizontal coordinates after rotating 90 degrees counterclockwise on the tangent plane.

[0110] In this embodiment, determining multiple cutting angles of each detection position in a standard two-dimensional coordinate system on a cutting plane at each detection position at a preset interval angle means that in a two-dimensional coordinate system on a cutting plane corresponding to each detection position, multiple angles for cutting and analyzing the appearance surface of the actual part are determined according to a pre-set angle interval (for example, every 30 degrees). In this way, the characteristics of the appearance surface can be evaluated and calculated from different angles. For example, the multiple cutting angles of each detection position are 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, 150 degrees, 180 degrees, 210 degrees, 240 degrees, 270 degrees, 300 degrees, 330 degrees, and 360 degrees in the standard two-dimensional coordinate system on the cutting plane of each detection position.

[0111] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: the detection position is determined at preset intervals, which achieves comprehensive detection coverage of actual parts and avoids omissions. The normal and cutting plane of each detection position are determined to provide an accurate geometric basis for subsequent sectioning angle and curvature calculations. The sectioning angle is determined at preset interval angles to ensure the multi-angle and comprehensiveness of curvature calculations. The curvature sequence obtained through curvature calculation can accurately describe the geometric morphological characteristics of the actual part appearance surface. The standard surface morphology distribution data finally obtained provides a reliable, detailed and accurate standard basis for subsequent quality inspection zoning and quality assessment.

[0112] Embodiment 4:

[0113] On the basis of Example 3, based on the electronic grating quality inspection method of digital twin, the curvature of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form is calculated based on all the cutting angles of each detection position, and the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position is obtained, including:

[0114] Determine a plurality of planes for each cutting angle represented in a standard two-dimensional coordinate system on the cutting plane, which pass through the normal line of the corresponding detection position and intersect the cutting plane, as all the cutting planes of the corresponding detection position;

[0115] According to the principle of increasing cutting angle, all cutting planes at each detection position are sorted to obtain a cutting plane sequence at each detection position;

[0116] Determine the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position;

[0117] Determine the apparent curvature of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position based on the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position;

[0118] Based on the cutting plane sequence at each detection position, the apparent curvatures of all the cutting planes at each detection position are sorted to obtain the apparent curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position.

[0119] In this embodiment, the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position refers to the line formed by the intersection of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form and each cutting plane at each detection position.

[0120] In this embodiment, based on the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of standard form at each detection position, the apparent curvature of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of standard form at each detection position is determined, that is, the curvature value of the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of standard form at each detection position corresponding to the detection position is calculated using the existing curvature calculation formula, which is used as the apparent curvature of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of standard form at each detection position.

[0121] The beneficial effects of the above technologies are as follows: Determining the cutting plane provides multiple angles and dimensions for accurately analyzing the appearance of the actual parts. Sorting the cutting planes helps to carry out subsequent curvature calculation and analysis in an orderly and systematic manner. Determining the surface cutting line can accurately capture the morphological characteristics of the appearance surface on different cutting planes. Determining the apparent curvature based on the surface cutting line realizes a quantitative description of the degree of curvature of the appearance surface. Obtaining the apparent curvature sequence provides detailed data support for a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the appearance of the actual parts, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and reliability of quality inspection.

[0122] Embodiment 5:

[0123] On the basis of Example 2, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S203: based on the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, including:

[0124] Obtaining the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard shape at all detection positions from the standard surface shape distribution data of the actual part;

[0125] Based on the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each detection position, a curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each detection position is fitted;

[0126] Mark the appearance curvatures with the same order in the appearance curvature sequence of all the detection positions on the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at the corresponding detection positions on the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form, and generate the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each sectioning angle;

[0127] Based on the curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each cutting angle, the appearance coverage area for each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part.

[0128] In this embodiment, the curvature variation curve of the appearance surface of the actual part in the standard form at each detection position is fitted based on the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part in the standard form at each detection position, that is:

[0129] By using mathematical fitting methods, such as polynomial fitting, spline fitting, etc., all the apparent curvatures of the appearance surface of the actual part of standard form in the apparent curvature sequence at each detection position are sorted in order and fitted into a curve, that is, the curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part of standard form at each detection position is obtained.

[0130] In this embodiment, the curvature distribution data of each cutting angle includes all the apparent curvatures with the same sorting order in the apparent curvature sequence of all the detection positions on the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form.

[0131] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: obtaining the performance curvature sequence and fitting the curvature change curve, which can intuitively present the curvature change law of the actual part appearance surface. Generating curvature distribution data provides a more detailed and accurate basis for the division of quality inspection areas. The appearance coverage area is divided based on the curvature change curve and curvature distribution data, which improves the scientificity and accuracy of the quality inspection area division. It can more effectively and accurately divide targeted quality inspection areas according to different quality inspection requirements. It helps to improve the efficiency and quality of quality inspection and reduce the possibility of misjudgment and missed inspection.

[0132] Embodiment 6:

[0133] On the basis of Example 5, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins is based on the curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each cutting angle. The appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, including:

[0134] Obtain the quality inspection area division model;

[0135] The curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each cutting angle are input into the quality inspection area division model to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part.

[0136] In this embodiment, the quality inspection area division model is obtained through certain ways and methods to process and analyze relevant data of actual parts (such as curvature change curves, curvature distribution data, etc.), thereby dividing the quality inspection area into a model.

[0137] In this embodiment, obtaining the quality inspection area division model includes:

[0138] Data collection: Collect a large amount of relevant data of actual parts, including the curvature change curves of their appearance surfaces at different positions, the curvature distribution data at different cutting angles, and the corresponding known quality inspection area division results (which can be manually determined using the above information);

[0139] Data preprocessing: Clean, preprocess and label the collected data. For example, normalize the data, remove noise, and mark the correct quality inspection area;

[0140] Select model architecture: According to data characteristics and task requirements, choose the appropriate machine learning or deep learning model architecture, such as convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), etc., or use traditional machine learning algorithms such as decision trees, support vector machines, etc.;

[0141] Define the loss function: Determine a loss function that can measure the difference between the model prediction result and the actual quality inspection area division, such as mean square error, cross entropy, etc.

[0142] Training model: Use preprocessed data to train the model. Continuously adjust the model parameters through optimization algorithms (such as stochastic gradient descent, etc.) to minimize the loss function;

[0143] Model evaluation: Use the reserved test set data to evaluate the trained model and measure the performance of the model through indicators such as accuracy, recall, and F1 value;

[0144] Hyperparameter tuning: If the model performance is not ideal, optimize the model by experimenting with different hyperparameters (such as learning rate, number of layers, number of nodes, etc.);

[0145] Model fusion and integration: You can consider using multiple models for fusion or integration to improve the final segmentation effect;

[0146] Final deployment: Deploy the trained and high-performance model to the actual quality inspection system for actual quality inspection area division application. During the training process, continuously adjust and optimize each link to obtain a model that can accurately and efficiently divide the quality inspection area of ​​actual parts.

[0147] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: obtaining the quality inspection area division model provides a tool for realizing automated and intelligent quality inspection area division. Inputting the curvature change curve and curvature distribution data makes full use of the precise morphological feature information to improve the accuracy of division. Using the model for division avoids the subjectivity and error of manual division and enhances the reliability of the results. It can quickly and efficiently obtain the quality inspection area and improve the efficiency and speed of quality inspection work. It is helpful to realize the standardization and normalization of quality inspection area division and ensure the consistency of quality inspection of different batches.

[0148] Embodiment 7:

[0149] On the basis of Example 1, S3: using the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance inspection area to inspect each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtaining shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part, including:

[0150] Use the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain grating data as the shape and size measurement data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0151] And export raster data as lines (ref. Figure 3 ), and at the same time, by quantifying the specific detection value or the change distance and change angle between two position points in the line generated by raster data (reference Figure 4 ) to obtain surface defect detection data, wherein the surface defect detection data includes a judgment result of whether the appearance of the appearance quality inspection area is qualified.

[0152] In this embodiment, the raster data is output as lines: When inspecting the appearance of a part, raster measurement technology may be used. Raster measurement usually generates a data set containing part surface shape information. "Extracting and outputting these data results as lines" means extracting lines that can represent the surface contour or features of the part from the raster measurement data. These lines can be contour lines, curvature lines, or other lines that can reflect the geometric shape of the part.

[0153] In this embodiment, the specific detection values ​​quantified: This means obtaining specific measurement values ​​that can be expressed in numbers from the grating measurement data. These values ​​may include the coordinate values ​​of each point on the surface of the part, the radius of curvature, the height difference, etc. By quantifying these values, the appearance characteristics of the part can be described more accurately.

[0154] In this embodiment, surface defect detection data is obtained by using the changing distance and changing angle between two position points in a line generated by grating data: by measuring the changing distance (for example, the difference between the straight-line distance or the distance along the surface between two position points in a line generated by grating data and the straight-line distance or the distance along the surface between the two position points under the standard appearance) and angle (for example, the difference between the angle between two lines generated by grating data or the angle between surface normals and the angle between the two lines or the angle between surface normals under the standard appearance) between these data, the flatness, symmetry and other geometric characteristics of the part surface can be evaluated.

[0155] In this embodiment, the appearance of the part is evaluated to see whether it is qualified: the results of the above measurements, including the extracted lines, quantified values, and measured distances and angles, are combined to determine whether the appearance of the part meets the design requirements or quality standards. If these measured values ​​are within the specified tolerance range, the part appearance is qualified; otherwise, the part may need to be adjusted or reprocessed. In the picture, the colored lines may represent lines extracted from the grating measurement data, and the marked points may be data points for measuring distances and angles. These visual elements can assist in the above detection and evaluation process.

[0156] The beneficial effects of the above technologies include: using digital twin electronic grating groups and detection standards for detection, it is possible to obtain accurate shape and size measurement data, providing an accurate basis for evaluating the specifications of parts. Outputting grating data as lines helps to intuitively present and analyze changes in shape and size. By quantifying the detection values ​​or analyzing the change distance and angle of the position points in the line, surface defects can be effectively detected. Obtaining the judgment result of whether the appearance is qualified makes the quality inspection results clear and easy to make decisions quickly. The accuracy and efficiency of part appearance quality inspection are improved, and the reliability of part quality is guaranteed.

[0157] Embodiment 8:

[0158] On the basis of Example 1, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S3: using the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, including:

[0159] S301: Obtaining an interference image of each appearance inspection area of ​​an actual part by using an electronic grating group and an inspection standard of each appearance inspection area;

[0160] S302: Based on the interference image of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, obtain shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part.

[0161] In this embodiment, the electronic grating group is used to obtain the interference image of each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part. The electronic grating group is used as a device or system to detect each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part, so as to obtain the interference image reflecting the characteristics of these areas. For example, the electronic grating group emits light to a certain appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part, and the light interacts with the area to generate interference phenomenon. By receiving and processing the interference information, the corresponding interference image is formed.

[0162] In this embodiment, based on the interference image of each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part, the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part are obtained, that is, the interference image of each appearance inspection area obtained is analyzed and processed. For example, through image processing algorithms and related calculation methods, information that can characterize the shape and size of the appearance inspection area is extracted from the interference image, thereby obtaining shape and size measurement data; at the same time, by comparing the image features of the normal state, the abnormal part in the image is identified, and then whether there are defects on the surface is detected, and surface defect detection data is obtained.

[0163] The beneficial effects of the above technology are as follows: in step S301, the interference image is obtained by using the electronic grating group, and the information of the quality inspection area can be obtained in a non-contact manner to avoid damage to the actual parts. Comprehensive image information of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual parts can be obtained to improve the coverage of the detection. Step S302 obtains shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data based on the interference image, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition. This method can quickly and efficiently obtain relevant data on shape and size and surface defects at the same time, improving quality inspection efficiency. It provides rich and accurate data support for subsequent quality inspection result analysis and quality judgment.

[0164] Embodiment 9:

[0165] Based on Example 1, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin, S4: based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual part and the digital twin model, the quality inspection results of the actual part are obtained, including:

[0166] S401: performing partition comparison between the shape and size measurement data and the surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part and the digital twin model to obtain the partition quality inspection result of the actual part;

[0167] S402: Project the partition quality inspection results of the actual parts to the digital twin model to obtain and output the quality inspection results of the actual parts.

[0168] In this embodiment, the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part are compared with the digital twin model by partition, and the partition quality inspection result of the actual part is obtained by dividing the shape and size data and surface defect data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part obtained by actual inspection into different areas, and comparing them with the standard data pre-set in the digital twin model. Through this comparison, the quality inspection situation of each partition is obtained, such as whether the size of a partition meets the standard, whether there are defects and the degree of defects, etc. These are the partition quality inspection results. For example, for an automobile part, the inspection data of different parts (such as the top, side, bottom, etc.) are compared with the standard data of the corresponding parts in the digital twin model to obtain the quality inspection conclusion of each part.

[0169] In this embodiment, the partitioned quality inspection results of the actual parts are projected onto the digital twin model. Obtaining the quality inspection results of the actual parts means mapping or displaying the quality inspection results of each partition obtained previously on the digital twin model accordingly. In this way, the quality inspection status of the entire actual part in different areas can be intuitively seen, thereby comprehensively obtaining the comprehensive quality inspection results of the entire quality inspection object. For example, specific information on qualified, unqualified or defective items is marked at the corresponding partition position of the digital twin model, thereby clearly displaying the quality inspection status of the entire part.

[0170] The beneficial effects of the above technology are as follows: Step S401 can accurately evaluate the quality status of each appearance quality inspection area and improve the accuracy of quality inspection by comparing the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data with the digital twin model in a partitioned manner. It helps to promptly discover quality problems in local areas and make targeted improvements and adjustments. Step S402 projects the partition quality inspection results onto the digital twin model, which can display the overall quality inspection results in an intuitive way, facilitating a comprehensive and clear understanding of the quality of actual parts. The integration of the digital twin model is conducive to the unified management and analysis of quality inspection data, providing strong support for quality control and optimization. The overall solution improves the efficiency and effectiveness of quality inspection and ensures the quality reliability of actual parts.

[0171] Embodiment 10:

[0172] The present invention provides an electronic grating quality inspection system based on digital twin, which is used to execute the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin described in any one of embodiments 1 to 8, referring to Figure 5 ,include:

[0173] The digital twin module is used to perform three-dimensional modeling on actual parts of standard form to obtain digital twin models of actual parts;

[0174] The quality inspection partitioning module is used to partition the surface area of ​​the actual part for quality inspection based on the digital twin model of the actual part, obtain all the appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, and set the inspection standard for each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0175] The grating detection module is used to detect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part using the digital twin electronic grating group and the detection standard of each appearance quality inspection area, and obtain the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part;

[0176] The twin projection module is used to obtain and output the quality inspection results of the actual parts based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual parts and the digital twin model.

[0177] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: by zoning the surface area of ​​the actual parts for quality inspection and using electronic grating to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual parts, accurate zoning electronic grating inspection of the quality inspection object can be achieved, which can comprehensively and accurately detect the quality status of the product, and integrate digital twin technology with other methods, so that the quality inspection data and the digital model of the product can interact and update in time, and use digital twins to realize intuitive visualization of quality inspection results, facilitate continuous management of product quality, and provide data support for data analysis and decision-making in the quality inspection process, thereby meeting the needs of intelligent production.

[0178] Embodiment 11:

[0179] The present invention provides a computer-readable medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins as described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 8.

[0180] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: providing a convenient storage and dissemination method, facilitating the preservation and sharing of relevant computer programs. It enables the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins to be more widely applied and promoted. It provides a unified execution standard for different devices and systems to ensure the consistency of the method implementation. It is convenient to update and maintain the program, and improves the adaptability and sustainability of the method. It lowers the threshold for the application of the method, and more users can use this quality inspection method by reading the computer-readable medium.

[0181] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin is characterized by: include: S1: Perform 3D modeling on actual parts of standard form to obtain digital twin models of actual parts; S2: Based on the digital twin model of the actual part, the surface area of ​​the actual part is divided into quality inspection zones to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part is set; S3: Use the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part; S4: Based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual part and the digital twin model, the quality inspection results of the actual part are obtained and output.

2. The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin according to claim 1 is characterized in that: S2: Based on the digital twin model of the actual part, the surface area of ​​the actual part is divided into quality inspection zones to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, and the inspection standards for each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part are set, including: S201: Based on the quality inspection requirements of all the surface areas of the components in the surface area of ​​the actual part in the standard form, the surface area of ​​the actual part is divided to obtain the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement; S202: Determine standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part based on the digital twin model of the actual part; S203: Based on the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part; S204: Setting the inspection standard for each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part.

3. The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin according to claim 2 is characterized in that: S202: Determine standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual part based on the digital twin model of the actual part, including: Determine multiple inspection locations at preset intervals on the digital twin model of the actual part; Based on the digital twin model of the actual part, determine the normal and tangent plane of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position; Determining a plurality of cutting angles at each detection position in a standard two-dimensional coordinate system on a cutting plane at each detection position at preset interval angles; Calculate the curvature of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form based on all the sectioning angles at each detection position, and obtain the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position; The curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at all detection positions is regarded as the standard surface form distribution data of the actual part.

4. The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Based on all the sectioning angles at each detection position, the curvature of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form is calculated to obtain the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position, including: Determine a plurality of planes for each cutting angle represented in a standard two-dimensional coordinate system on the cutting plane, which pass through the normal line of the corresponding detection position and intersect the cutting plane, as all the cutting planes of the corresponding detection position; According to the principle of increasing cutting angle, all cutting planes at each detection position are sorted to obtain a cutting plane sequence at each detection position; Determine the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position; Determine the apparent curvature of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position based on the surface cutting line of each cutting plane of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each testing position; Based on the cutting plane sequence at each detection position, the apparent curvatures of all the cutting planes at each detection position are sorted to obtain the apparent curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each detection position.

5. The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin according to claim 2 is characterized in that: S203: Based on the standard surface morphology distribution data of the actual parts, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual parts, including: Obtaining the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard shape at all detection positions from the standard surface shape distribution data of the actual part; Based on the curvature sequence of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each detection position, a curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each detection position is fitted; Mark the appearance curvatures with the same order in the appearance curvature sequence of all the detection positions on the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at the corresponding detection positions on the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form, and generate the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part of the standard form at each sectioning angle; Based on the curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each cutting angle, the appearance coverage area for each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part.

6. The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Based on the curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each sectioning angle, the appearance coverage area of ​​each quality inspection requirement is divided to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, including: Obtain the quality inspection area division model; The curvature change curve of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each inspection position and the curvature distribution data of the appearance surface of the actual part with standard form at each cutting angle are input into the quality inspection area division model to obtain all appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part.

7. The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twin according to claim 1 is characterized in that: S3: Use the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance inspection area to inspect each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance inspection area of ​​the actual part, including: Use the digital twin electronic grating group and the inspection standard of each appearance quality inspection area to inspect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part, and obtain grating data as the shape and size measurement data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part; The grating data is output as a line. At the same time, by quantifying the change distance and change angle between two position points in the line generated by the grating data, surface defect detection data is obtained, wherein the surface defect detection data includes a judgment result of whether the appearance of the appearance quality inspection area is qualified.

8. The electronic grating quality inspection system based on digital twin is characterized by: The electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twinning according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: The digital twin module is used to perform three-dimensional modeling on actual parts of standard form to obtain digital twin models of actual parts; The quality inspection partitioning module is used to partition the surface area of ​​the actual part for quality inspection based on the digital twin model of the actual part, obtain all the appearance quality inspection areas of the actual part, and set the inspection standard for each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part; The grating detection module is used to detect each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part using the digital twin electronic grating group and the detection standard of each appearance quality inspection area, and obtain the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of each appearance quality inspection area of ​​the actual part; The twin projection module is used to obtain and output the quality inspection results of the actual parts based on the shape and size measurement data and surface defect detection data of all quality inspection areas of the actual parts and the digital twin model.

9. A computer readable medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the electronic grating quality inspection method based on digital twins as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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