Resource selection method based on delay demand and wireless device

Abstract

A method and a wireless device for determining a time interval T2 to select a time-frequency resource are disclosed. According to one aspect, a method includes determining a time interval based on at least one parameter serving as a proxy indicating a likelihood of a collision. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a priority indication such that a higher priority transmission results in a lower T2 value.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese patent application “Resource selection based on delay requirements” with application number 201880024188.X (filing date is February 13, 2018). Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and in particular to resource selection based on latency requirements. Background Art

[0003] During the lifecycle of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 12 of the Long Term Evolution standard (LTE), the LTE standard has been extended to support device-to-device (D2D) (designated "sidelink") features for both commercial and public safety applications. Some applications enabled by Release 12 LTE are device discovery, where a device is able to sense the proximity of another device and associated applications by broadcasting and detecting discovery messages that carry the device and application identities. Another application includes direct communication based on a physical channel that terminates directly between devices.

[0004] One of the potential extensions of device-to-device work includes support for “vehicle” to “x” (V2x) communications, which includes any combination of direct communications between vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure. V2x communications will likely leverage network infrastructure (when available), but at least basic V2x connectivity should be possible even in the absence of network coverage. Providing a V2x interface based on LTE may be economically advantageous due to LTE’s economies of scale, and it may enable tighter integration between communications with the NW infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications than using dedicated V2x technology.

[0005] V2x communications may carry both non-safety and safety information, wherein each of the applications and services may be associated with a specific set of requirements, eg, in terms of latency, reliability, capacity, etc.

[0006] The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has defined two types of messages for road safety: Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAM) and Decentralized Environment Notification Messages (DENM).

[0007] CAM: CAM messages are intended to enable vehicles, including emergency vehicles, to announce their presence and other relevant parameters in a broadcast manner. Such messages are targeted at other vehicles, pedestrians and infrastructure and are processed by their applications. CAM messages can also provide active assistance for safe driving in normal traffic. The availability of CAM messages is checked every 100ms, and for most messages, the maximum detection delay requirement is <= 100ms. However, the delay requirement for pre-conflict perception warning is 50ms.

[0008] DENM: DENM messages are event-triggered, such as by braking, and the availability of DENM messages is checked every 100ms, and the maximum delay requirement is <= 100ms.

[0009] The packet size of CAM and DENM messages varies from 100+ to 800+ bytes, with a typical size of about 300 bytes. The message should be detected by all vehicles in the vicinity.

[0010] SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) has also defined a Basic Safety Message (BSM) for DSRC, which defines various message sizes.

[0011] BSMs are further categorized into different priorities based on the importance and urgency of the messages.

[0012] Logical subframe index

[0013] The LTE-V2X specification defines a logical index for subframes. The purpose of this logical index is to exclude subframes that are not suitable for V2X transmission of data (for example, because they are used for transmission of synchronization signals, etc.). These subframes are called reserved subframes. Therefore, two subframes that are consecutive in the logical domain (i.e., with consecutive indices) may not be consecutive in time. The specific logical index is configured by the network. Most processes for LTE-V2X transmission are defined using this logical index.

[0014] Reservation-based sensor resource allocation

[0015] The LTE-V2X specification defines two transmission modes: Mode 3, in which the network tightly controls the sidelink transmissions of wireless devices (WDs) (e.g., allocating time-frequency resources, etc.); and Mode 4, in which the network does not control the sidelink transmissions of WDs, nor can it control them very loosely (e.g., by defining a resource pool but not allocating specific time-frequency resources to the WDs).

[0016] Transmission Mode 4 for the LTE-V2X sidelink defines an autonomous resource allocation algorithm based on sensing ongoing transmissions. The autonomous resource allocation algorithm can be roughly divided into the following steps.

[0017] 1) The WD senses the transmission medium during the interval [na, nb], where n is an arbitrary time reference and a>b≥0 defines the duration of the sensing window.

[0018] 2) Based on the sensing results, the WD predicts the future utilization of the transmission medium in the future time interval [n+T1, n+T2], where T2>T1≥0.

[0019] 3) WD selects one or more time-frequency resources in the interval [n+T1, n+T2]. The selection is performed according to the algorithm defined in the specification.

[0020] The algorithm details for sensing (in step 1), prediction (in step 2), and selection (in step 3) are defined in the LTE specification (LTE TS 36.213). One aspect is that the selection (step 3) algorithm introduces some randomness to reduce the probability that WDs with similar sensing and prediction results select the same resource (i.e., causing a transmission collision). More specifically, larger T2 values ​​reduce the collision probability.

[0021] As a result of the algorithm for autonomous resource allocation, the minimum guaranteed delay for transmission is limited by the value T2. That is, if a packet arrives at the transmission buffer at time n, the WD can only guarantee that the packet will be sent n+T2 (assuming the WD performed sensing before the packet arrived). Summary of the invention

[0022] Some embodiments advantageously provide a method and wireless device for determining a time interval T2 for selecting time-frequency resources. According to one aspect, a method includes determining a time interval based on at least one parameter used as a proxy to indicate a likelihood of a conflict.

[0023] According to this aspect, in some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a priority indication, such that a higher priority transmission results in a lower T2 value. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a number of reserved subframes, such that T2 is a fixed value minus the number of reserved subframes. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a number of unavailable subframes, such that T2=T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed,2] in the number of unavailable subframes in the packet. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a packet size, such that the smaller the packet size, the lower the value of T2. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a transmission type, such that for control information, T2 is a first value, and for other types of information, T2 is a second larger value. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a transmission format, such that the value of T2 depends on the transmission format modulation and coding scheme MCS. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a characteristic of the vehicle on which the WD is mounted or incorporated, the characteristic being at least one of the position, speed, and vehicle type. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a congestion control indicator, such that T2 is small when congestion is low and T2 is large when congestion is high. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a budget, such that the transmitter of the WD can use a first value of T2 a certain number of times per second to select resources for some packets, and a second value of T2 to select resources for the remaining packets. In some embodiments, T2 depends on which pool of resource pools will be employed during the time interval. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] are not selected with equal probability. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources in the second time interval [n+T1, n+T3] are selected with a lower probability than the time-frequency resources in the third time interval [n+T3+1, n+T2].

[0024] According to another aspect, a wireless device WD is provided, the wireless device being configured to determine a time interval T2 for selecting a time-frequency resource. The WD comprises a processing circuit configured to determine the time interval based on at least one parameter serving as a proxy indicating a likelihood of a conflict.

[0025] According to this aspect, in some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a priority indication, such that a higher priority transmission results in a lower T2 value. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a number of reserved subframes, such that T2 is a fixed value minus the number of reserved subframes. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a number of unavailable subframes, such that T2=T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed,2] in the number of unavailable subframes in the packet. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a packet size, such that the smaller the packet size, the lower the value of T2. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a transmission type, such that for control information, T2 is a first value, and for other types of information, T2 is a second larger value. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a transmission format, such that the value of T2 depends on the transmission format modulation and coding scheme MCS. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a characteristic of the vehicle on which the WD is mounted or incorporated, the characteristic being at least one of the position, speed, and vehicle type. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a congestion control indicator, such that T2 is small when congestion is low and T2 is large when congestion is high. In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one parameter is a budget, such that the transmitter of the WD can use a first value of T2 a certain number of times per second to select resources for some packets, and a second value of T2 to select resources for the remaining packets. In some embodiments, T2 depends on which pool of resource pools will be employed during the time interval. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] are not selected with equal probability. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources in the second time interval [n+T1, n+T3] are selected with a lower probability than the time-frequency resources in the third time interval [n+T3+1, n+T2].

[0026] According to another embodiment, a wireless device WD is provided, which is configured to determine a time interval T2 for selecting a time-frequency resource. The WD comprises a time interval determiner module configured to determine the time interval based on at least one parameter serving as a proxy indicating a likelihood of a conflict. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] A more complete understanding of the present embodiments and its attendant advantages and features will be more readily obtained by referring to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication network having WDs constructed according to the principles set forth herein;

[0029] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a wireless device (WD) 40 configured according to the principles set forth herein;

[0030] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an alternative embodiment of a WD configured according to the principles set forth herein; and

[0031] Figure 4is a flow chart of an exemplary process in a WD for determining a time interval T2 for selecting time-frequency resources. Specific embodiments

[0032] Before describing the exemplary embodiments in detail, it should be noted that the embodiments reside primarily in combinations of device components and processing steps related to resource selection based on latency requirements. Therefore, components are represented by conventional symbols in the drawings where appropriate, and only those specific details relevant to understanding the embodiments are shown in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure with details that will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.

[0033] As used herein, relational terms such as "first" and "second," "top" and "bottom," etc. may be used solely to distinguish one entity or element from another entity or element without necessarily requiring or implying any physical or logical relationship or order between such entities or elements.

[0034] The current LTE specification defines the value of T2, see TS 36.213 Section 14.1.1.6. In some embodiments disclosed herein, T2 = 20ms. As mentioned above, this limits the minimum guaranteed transmission delay. In order to reduce the delay, it is desirable to reduce this value. However, this cannot be done without affecting performance.

[0035] In addition, the current specification can only guarantee the delay requirements in terms of logical subframes. In order to convert the transmission delay capability into actual time (not logical subframes), a maximum number of reserved subframes must be provided.

[0036] Embodiments allow for reduced transmission delays while ensuring that system performance is not significantly degraded.Embodiments ensure that transmission delays expressed in real time are met regardless of the number of reserved subframes in the system configuration.

[0037] Although the general principles may be applied to other transmission modes and other radio access technologies, the embodiments are presented in the context of LTE-V2X transmission mode 4.

[0038] Figure 11 is a block diagram of a wireless communication network 10 having a WD constructed according to the principles set forth herein. The wireless communication network has a cloud 16, which may include the Internet and / or a public switched telephone network (PSTN). The wireless communication network also includes base stations 20A and 20B, collectively referred to herein as base stations 20. Base station 20 may communicate with one or more WDs, such as WD 40A and 40B, collectively referred to herein as WD 40. One or more WDs 40 may be installed on vehicles 42A, 42B or incorporated into vehicles as part thereof, collectively referred to herein as vehicles 42. Note that actual wireless communication 10 may include more than two base stations 20 and many more than two WDs 40. In addition, although WD 40 is shown as being associated with vehicle 42, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. WD 40 may be incorporated as part of any V2x communication (e.g., V2P, etc.). For ease of illustration, only vehicle 42 is used.

[0039] The wireless device 40 (such as WD 40A) may include a time interval determiner that determines the time interval T2 based on at least one parameter used as a proxy for indicating the possibility of a collision. These parameters may include one or more of a priority indicator, a number of reserved subframes, a packet size, a transmission type, a transmission format, a vehicle characteristic, a congestion control indicator, and a budget as described below.

[0040] Depending on the technology and terminology used, the term base station (e.g., radio base station (RBS)) may sometimes be referred to herein as, for example, an evolved NodeB "eNB", "eNodeB", "NodeB", "B Node", "gNode B", "gNB", or BTS (Base Transceiver Station). Based on the transmission power and thus also based on the cell size, the base station can be of different categories, such as, for example, a macro eNodeB, a home eNodeB, or a pico base station. A cell is a geographical area at a base station site where wireless coverage is provided by the base station. One base station located at a base station site can serve one or more cells. In addition, each base station can support one or more communication technologies. The base station 20 communicates with wireless devices 40 within the range of the base station 20 via an air interface operating on radio frequencies. In the context of the present disclosure, a downlink (DL) refers to the transmission path from the base station 20 to the wireless device 40. An uplink (UL) refers to the transmission path in the opposite direction, i.e., from the wireless device 40 to the base station 20.

[0041] Although the embodiments are described with reference to the base station 20, it will be appreciated that the embodiments may be implemented in or on any suitable network node of which the base station 20 is a type. Furthermore, although reference is made to LTE, the embodiments are not limited to LTE but may be implemented with various other radio access technologies (RATs) such as fifth generation (5G) and new radio (NR) technologies.

[0042] 3GPP has published an agreement on NR terminology in the period between the earliest priority date and the filing date of this disclosure. NR terminology and LTE terminology largely coincide; for example, a resource element (RE) remains 1 subcarrier x 1 OFDM symbol. However, some terms known in LTE have been given new meanings in NR. This disclosure, including the claims, uses the prefixes "LTE" and "NR" when ambiguity might otherwise arise.

[0043] Unless otherwise stated, non-prefix terms in this disclosure are to be understood in the LTE sense. However, it is expected that any terminology specifying an object or operation known from LTE will be functionally reinterpreted in view of the NR specification. Example: Considering that both LTE and NR have a duration of 10ms, an LTE radio frame may be functionally equivalent to an NR frame. An LTE eNB may be functionally equivalent to an NR gNB as their functionality as downlink transmitters at least partially overlaps. The minimum schedulable resource unit in LTE may be reinterpreted as the minimum schedulable resource unit in NR. The shortest data set for which there may be LTE acknowledgment feedback may be reinterpreted as the shortest data set for which there may be NR acknowledgment feedback.

[0044] Therefore, even though some embodiments of the present disclosure have been described using terminology derived from LTE, they are still fully applicable to NR technology.

[0045] The term wireless device may be a user equipment (UE) and may refer to any type of wireless device 40 that communicates with a base station 20 in a cellular or mobile communication system and / or with another wireless device 40. Examples of wireless devices 40 are target devices, device-to-device (D2D) wireless devices, machine-type wireless devices or wireless devices capable of machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, PDAs, iPADs, tablet computers, mobile terminals, smart phones, laptop embedded devices (LEEs), laptop mounted devices (LMEs), USB dongles, etc.

[0046] An embodiment includes selecting the T2 value based on at least one parameter used as a proxy for indicating the likelihood of a conflict. The parameter may include any of the following:

[0047] Priority indication (e.g., Proximity Services Per Packet Priority (PPPP) value or Quality of Service (QoS) related parameters). This allows, for example, high priority transmissions to use a small T2 value, thereby ensuring low latency, while allowing the rest of the transmissions to use a larger T2 value, thereby minimizing system performance degradation.

[0048] Multiple reserved subframes. T2 can be selected as a fixed value T fixed Subtract the interval [n, n+T fixed] is the number of reserved subframes in the fixed -N reserved , where T fixed The value is fixed, and N reserved is the interval [n, n+T fixed ]. This ensures that the latency requirements are met not only in terms of logical indexing, but also in terms of actual time. As used herein, "n" refers to the time when a packet arrives at the transmission buffer. In other words, "n" is the time when the lower communication layers start making scheduling decisions.

[0049] The number of unavailable / available subframes (e.g., for V2X transmissions of a certain WD). T2 can be selected as a fixed value T fixed,2 Subtract the interval [n, n+T fixed,2 ] is the number of unavailable subframes. That is, T2 = T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed,2 ] in the number of unavailable subframes. Examples of unavailable subframes include: reserved subframes, subframes that are unavailable due to TDD (time division duplex) configuration (e.g., only uplink subframes are used in V2X), subframes that are unavailable for a specific geographical area (e.g., in the case of partitioning), subframes used for services other than V2X, etc. This ensures that the latency requirements are met not only in terms of logical indexing, but also in terms of actual time. Alternatively, the embodiment can be represented in an equivalent manner in terms of available subframes, i.e., selected to include only [n, n+T fixed,2 ] in the available subframe T2.

[0050] Packet size. This allows, for example, small packets to be sent with high priority, while large packets can be sent with normal latency, thereby minimizing system performance degradation.

[0051] Transmission type. For example, packets containing control information (e.g., ACK / NACK feedback packets) may use a small T2 value, while the rest of the packets use a larger T2 value. The distinction between transmission types may be based on properties of any protocol layer (e.g., packets from different applications or services, etc.).

[0052] • Transmission format. For example, the value of T2 may depend on the modulation and coding scheme.

[0053] Characteristics of the vehicle on which the WD 40 is installed or parameters associated with the vehicle. For example, location, speed, vehicle type, an indicator of vehicles in use (e.g., an ambulance on mission, a truck in a fleet), etc.

[0054] • Congestion control indicators (eg, Congestion Busy Rate (CBR), Channel Ratio (CR), etc.) For example, when the congestion level is low, a small T2 value may be allowed, whereas for higher levels of congestion, a large T2 value may be required.

[0055] Budget for low latency transmission. For example, the transmitter may be allowed to select resources using the first value of T2 a certain number of times per second. The remaining packets are sent using the second T2 value.

[0056] Note that the choice of T2 may depend on a combination of parameters.

[0057] Other embodiments

[0058] In some embodiments, the implementation may depend on the configuration of the resource pool.

[0059] The allowed values ​​of T2 may be pool-specific;

[0060] • The allowed parameter(s) and / or their value range(s) for selecting T2 are pool-specific.

[0061] In some embodiments, the value of T2 is merely a limit value (eg, minimum, maximum) and WD 40 is free to choose the actual value as long as the limit is observed.

[0062] In some embodiments, one of the values ​​a and b defining the sensing window [na, nb] is selected as described herein.

[0063] In another embodiment, the resource at subframe [n+T1, n+T2] may not be selected with equal probability, and the resource at subframe [n+T1, n+T3] may be selected with a lower probability than the resource at subframe [n+T3+1, n+T2]. This can ensure that WD 40 that needs to perform an urgent transmission has a high probability of finding a free resource in interval [n+T1, n+T3].

[0064] In some embodiments described herein, the WD determines a time T2 for selecting a time-frequency resource, wherein a time-frequency resource is defined as a time-frequency resource for sending and / or receiving data in a wireless communication network. Exemplary time-frequency resources may be defined by resource elements (REs), symbols, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, or radio frames.

[0065] In some embodiments, the WD selects T2 includes the WD selecting T2 from a set of values. In some embodiments, one of the values ​​may be 20 ms and at least one value is less than 20 ms. The selection of the value of T2 may be a function of at least one parameter used as a proxy for indicating the likelihood of a conflict. The at least one parameter may include at least one of the parameters disclosed above. In a preferred embodiment, as described above, at least one parameter includes a priority level indication (e.g., a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value or a parameter related to quality of service (QoS)).

[0066] In some embodiments, the minimum value of T2 can be reduced to support latency reduction of layer 1. Preconfiguration and configuration-based selection of the minimum value of T2 are supported. The minimum value of T2 is selected from a set of values. The set of values ​​includes values ​​of at least 20 ms and less than 20 ms. In other related embodiments, the preconfiguration or configuration is per PPPP, CBR range, or per carrier.

[0067] Figure 2 4 is a block diagram of a wireless device (WD) 40 configured according to the principles set forth herein. WD 40 has processing circuitry 42. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry may include a memory 44 and a processor 46, the memory 44 containing instructions that, when executed by the processor 46, configure the processor 46 to perform one or more functions described herein. In addition to conventional processors and memories, the processing circuitry 42 may also include integrated circuits for processing and / or control, such as one or more processors and / or processor cores and / or FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) and / or ASICs (application specific integrated circuits).

[0068] The processing circuit 42 may include and / or be connected to and / or configured to access (e.g., write and / or read) a memory 44, which may include any type of volatile and / or non-volatile memory, such as a cache and / or buffer memory and / or a RAM (random access memory) and / or a ROM (read only memory) and / or an optical memory and / or an EPROM (erasable programmable read only memory). Such a memory 44 may be configured to store code and / or other data executable by the control circuit, such as data related to communication, such as configuration and / or address data of a node, etc. The processing circuit 42 may be configured to control any method described herein and / or cause such a method to be performed, for example, by a processor 46. The corresponding instructions may be stored in the memory 44, which may be readable and / or readable connected to the processing circuit 42. In other words, the processing circuit 42 may include a controller, which may include a microprocessor and / or a microcontroller and / or an FPGA (field programmable gate array) device and / or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) device. The processing circuitry 42 may be considered to include or be connected or connectable to a memory which may be configured to be readable and / or writable by the controller and / or the processing circuitry 42 .

[0069] Memory 44 stores parameters 48 that serve as proxies for indicating the likelihood of a collision, as described above. Processor 46 may be programmed to perform the functions of time interval determiner 50 that determines time interval T2 based on at least one of parameters 48. WD 40 may also include a receiver 54 and a transmitter 56.

[0070] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an alternative embodiment of a WD 40 having a memory module 59 and a software module, a time interval determiner module 51, configured to determine a time interval T2 based on at least one parameter 48. The WD 40 also has a receiver module 55 and a transmitter module 57, each of which may be implemented in part in software.

[0071] Figure 4 is a flow chart of an exemplary process for determining a time interval T2 for selecting a time-frequency resource in WD 40. The process includes determining a time interval based on at least one parameter used as a proxy for indicating the possibility of a conflict via a time interval determiner 50 (box S100). This reduces the probability that WDs with similar sensing and prediction results select the same resource (i.e., causing a transmission conflict). The WD can then send data in the selected time-frequency resource (S101). The transmission can include V2X data to another WD. Optionally, WD 40 predicts future utilization of the transmission medium at a future time interval that is based on T2 (box S102).

[0072] Therefore, some embodiments include a method for selecting resources that reduce delays while controlling the probability of packet collisions. Different WDs 40 can select resources based on different values ​​of parameters used as agents for indicating the possibility of collisions. In addition, although embodiments are described herein with reference to WD 40 at time T2, it is contemplated that other elements within system 10 can determine T2 and pass the value to WD 40. In other words, it is contemplated that the functionality described herein can be distributed to other network elements.

[0073] abbreviation illustrate

[0074] 3G Third generation mobile telecommunications technology

[0075] 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project

[0076] ACK

[0077] BSM Basic Safety Message

[0078] BW Bandwidth

[0079] CAM Partnership Awareness Message

[0080] CBR Congestion Busy Rate

[0081] CR Channel (occupancy) ratio

[0082] CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

[0083] D2D Device to Device Communication

[0084] DENM Decentralized Environmental Notification Message

[0085] Short-range communications for DSRC

[0086] eNB eNodeB

[0087] ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

[0088] FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access

[0089] GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System

[0090] GSM Global System for Mobile Communications

[0091] GPS Global Positioning System

[0092] LTE Long Term Evolution

[0093] NACK Negative Acknowledgement

[0094] Network

[0095] OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0096] PPP per-packet priority

[0097] PPPP Proximity Services Per Packet Priority

[0098] ProSe Proximity Services

[0099] PSBCH Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel

[0100] TA Timing Advance

[0101] TDMA Time Division Multiple Access

[0102] TF transmission format

[0103] UTC Coordinated Universal Time

[0104] SAE Society of Automotive Engineers

[0105] UE User Equipment

[0106] V2I Vehicle to Infrastructure

[0107] V2P Vehicle to Pedestrian

[0108] V2V Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication

[0109] V2X Vehicle to Anything Imaginable

[0110] wrt About

[0111] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the concepts described herein may be implemented as methods, data processing systems, and / or computer program products. Thus, the concepts described herein may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining all software and hardware aspects generally referred to herein as "circuits" or "modules." Additionally, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product on a tangible computer usable storage medium having computer program code embodied in a medium executable by a computer. Any suitable tangible computer readable medium may be used, including a hard disk, a CD-ROM, an electronic storage device, an optical storage device, or a magnetic storage device.

[0112] Some embodiments are described herein with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, systems, and computer program products. It will be understood that each frame of the flowchart illustration and / or block diagram and the combination of frames in the flowchart illustration and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer (thereby creating a special-purpose computer), a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device create a part for implementing the function / action specified in one or more frames of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0113] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory or storage medium, which may instruct a computer or other programmable data processing device to act in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article including instruction components that implement the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0114] Computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus so that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0115] It should be understood that the functions / actions mentioned in the blocks may not occur in the order mentioned in the operating instructions. For example, two blocks shown in succession may actually be performed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be performed in the reverse order, depending on the functions / actions involved. Although some figures include arrows on communication paths to illustrate the primary direction of communication, it should be understood that communication may occur in the direction opposite to the arrows shown.

[0116] Computer program code for carrying out operations of the concepts described herein may be used, for example, The computer program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in an object-oriented programming language such as C++ or C++. However, the computer program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may also be written in a conventional procedural programming language, such as the "C" programming language. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computer, and partially on a remote computer or entirely on a remote computer. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0117] In conjunction with the above description and the accompanying drawings, many different embodiments have been disclosed herein. It should be understood that literally describing and illustrating every combination and sub-combination of these embodiments would be overly repetitive and confusing. Therefore, all embodiments may be combined in any manner and / or combination, and this specification (including the accompanying drawings) should be interpreted as constituting a complete written description of all combinations and sub-combinations of the embodiments described herein and the manner and process of making and using them, and will support claims to any such combination or sub-combination.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are not limited to the embodiments specifically shown and described above. In addition, unless otherwise stated, it should be noted that all drawings are not drawn to scale. Various modifications and variations are possible according to the above teachings.

[0119] Example:

[0120] Embodiment 1. A method for determining a time T2 in a wireless device WD to select a time-frequency resource in a time interval [n+T1, n+T2], the method comprising:

[0121] The time T2 is determined based on at least one parameter that serves as a proxy for indicating the likelihood of a conflict.

[0122] Embodiment 2. The method of embodiment 1, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a priority indication such that higher priority transmissions result in lower T2 values.

[0123] Embodiment 3. A method according to any one of embodiments 1 and 2, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is the number of reserved subframes, so that T2 is a fixed value minus the number of reserved subframes.

[0124] Embodiment 4. The method according to any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is the number of unavailable subframes, such that T2=T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed,2 ] is the number of unavailable subframes in .

[0125] Embodiment 5. A method according to any one of embodiments 1-4, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a packet size, such that the smaller the packet size, the lower the value of T2.

[0126] Embodiment 6. A method according to any one of embodiments 1-5, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a transmission type, so that for control information, T2 is a first value, and for other types of information, T2 is a second larger value.

[0127] Embodiment 7. A method according to any one of embodiments 1-6, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a transport format, so that the value of T2 depends on the transport format modulation and coding scheme MCS.

[0128] Embodiment 8. The method according to any one of embodiments 1-7, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a characteristic of the vehicle on which the WD is mounted or incorporated, the characteristic being at least one of position, speed and vehicle type.

[0129] Embodiment 9. The method of any one of embodiments 1-8, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a congestion control indicator, such that T2 is small when congestion is low and T2 is large when congestion is high.

[0130] Embodiment 10. A method according to any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a budget, enabling the transmitter of the WD to use a first value of T2 to select resources for some packets a certain number of times per second, and to use a second value of T2 to select resources for the remaining packets.

[0131] Embodiment 11. The method of any one of embodiments 1-10, wherein T2 depends on which of the resource pools will be employed during the time interval.

[0132] Embodiment 12. A method according to any one of embodiments 1-11, wherein the time-frequency resources in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] are not selected with equal probability.

[0133] Embodiment 13. A method according to any one of embodiments 1-12, wherein the time-frequency resources in the second time interval [n+T1, n+T3] are selected with a lower probability than the time-frequency resources in the third time interval [n+T3+1, n+T2].

[0134] Embodiment 14. A wireless device WD, configured to determine a time T2 to select a time-frequency resource in a time interval [n+T1, n+T2], the WD comprising:

[0135] A processing circuit configured to:

[0136] The time T2 is determined based on at least one parameter that serves as a proxy for indicating the likelihood of a conflict.

[0137] Embodiment 15. The wireless device of embodiment 14, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a priority indication such that higher priority transmissions result in lower T2 values.

[0138] Embodiment 16. The wireless device of any one of Embodiments 14 and 15, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a number of reserved subframes, such that T2 is a fixed value minus the number of reserved subframes.

[0139] Embodiment 17. The method according to any one of embodiments 14-16, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is the number of unavailable subframes, such that T2=T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed,2 ] is the number of unavailable subframes in .

[0140] Embodiment 18. A wireless device according to any one of embodiments 14-17, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a packet size, such that the smaller the packet size, the lower the value of T2.

[0141] Embodiment 19. A wireless device according to any one of embodiments 14-18, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a transmission type, so that for control information, T2 is a first value, and for other types of information, T2 is a second larger value.

[0142] Embodiment 20. The wireless device of any one of Embodiments 14-19, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a transport format, such that a value of T2 depends on a transport format modulation and coding scheme (MCS).

[0143] Embodiment 21. A wireless device according to any one of Embodiments 14-20, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a characteristic of a vehicle on which the WD is installed or incorporated into the vehicle, the characteristic being at least one of a position, a speed, and a vehicle type.

[0144] Embodiment 22. The wireless device of any one of Embodiments 14-21, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a congestion control indicator such that T2 is small when congestion is low and T2 is large when congestion is high.

[0145] Embodiment 23. A wireless device according to any one of embodiments 14-22, wherein at least one of the at least one parameter is a budget, enabling the transmitter of the WD to use a first value of T2 to select resources for some packets a certain number of times per second, and to use a second value of T2 to select resources for the remaining packets.

[0146] Embodiment 24. The wireless device of any one of Embodiments 14-23, wherein T2 depends on which of the resource pools is to be employed during the time interval.

[0147] Embodiment 25. A wireless device according to any one of embodiments 13-24, wherein the time-frequency resources in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] are not selected with equal probability.

[0148] Embodiment 26. A wireless device according to any one of embodiments 14-25, wherein the time-frequency resources in the second time interval [n+T1, n+T3] are selected with a lower probability than the time-frequency resources in the third time interval [n+T3+1, n+T2].

[0149] Embodiment 27. A wireless device WD, configured to determine a time T2 to select a time-frequency resource in a time interval [n+T1, n+T2], the WD comprising:

[0150] A time interval determiner module is configured to determine the time T2 based on at least one parameter serving as a proxy indicative of the likelihood of a conflict.

Claims

1. A method in a wireless device WD for determining a second time T2 for selecting a time-frequency resource in a time interval [n+T1, n+T2], wherein T2>T1≥0, T1 is a first time, and n is a time reference, the method comprising: determining a value of T2 based on the priority indication; Considering the determined value of T2 as the minimum value, the actual value of T2 is selected; Selecting the time-frequency resource in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2]; as well as Data is sent in the selected time-frequency resources.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The time-frequency resources in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] are not selected with equal probability.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The priority indication is a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The priority indication is such that higher priority transmissions result in lower values ​​of T2.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The value of T2 depends on which pool of multiple resource pools will be adopted, and the selected time-frequency resource is part of the adopted pool.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the value of T2 is based on at least one parameter used as a proxy to indicate the likelihood of a conflict and includes selecting the value of T2 from a set of predetermined T2 values.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The at least one parameter includes at least one of the following: The number of reserved subframes is such that T2 is a fixed value minus the number of reserved subframes; and The number of unavailable subframes such that T2 = T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value, and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed，2 ] The number of unavailable subframes in ].

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The at least one parameter comprises a packet size, such that the smaller the packet size, the lower the value of T2.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The at least one parameter includes at least one of the following: transmission type, such that for control information, T2 is a first value, and for other types of information, T2 is a second value, the second value being greater than the first value; a characteristic of a vehicle on which the WD is mounted or incorporated, the characteristic being at least one of a position, a speed, and a vehicle type; as well as The budget enables the transmitter of the WD to use the first value of T2 to select resources for a plurality of packets a certain number of times per second, and to use the second value of T2 to select resources for the remaining packets.

10. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The at least one parameter includes a congestion control indicator that causes the value of T2 to be small when congestion is low and causes the value of T2 to be large when congestion is high.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The WD is included in a vehicle.

12. A wireless device WD, configured to determine a second time T2 for selecting a time-frequency resource in a time interval [n+T1, n+T2], wherein T2>T1≥0, T1 is a first time, and n is a time reference, the WD comprising: A processing circuit configured to: determining a value of T2 based on the priority indication; Considering the determined value of T2 as the minimum value, the actual value of T2 is selected; Selecting the time-frequency resource in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2]; as well as A transmitter is configured to send data in the selected time-frequency resources.

13. The wireless device of claim 12, wherein: The time-frequency resources in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] are not selected with equal probability.

14. The wireless device of claim 12, wherein: The priority indication is a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value.

15. The wireless device of claim 12, wherein: The priority indication is such that higher priority transmissions result in lower values ​​of T2.

16. The wireless device of claim 12, wherein: The value of T2 depends on which pool of multiple resource pools will be adopted, and the selected time-frequency resource is part of the adopted pool.

17. The wireless device of claim 12, wherein: Determining the value of T2 is based on at least one parameter used as a proxy to indicate the likelihood of a conflict and includes selecting the value of T2 from a set of predetermined T2 values.

18. The wireless device of claim 17, wherein: The at least one parameter includes at least one of the following: The number of reserved subframes is such that T2 is a fixed value minus the number of reserved subframes; The number of unavailable subframes such that T2 = T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value, and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed,2 ] The number of unavailable subframes in ].

19. The wireless device of claim 17, wherein: The at least one parameter includes a packet size, such that the smaller the packet size, the lower the value of T2.

20. The wireless device of claim 17, wherein: The at least one parameter includes at least one of the following: transmission type, such that for control information, T2 is a first value, and for other types of information, T2 is a second value, the second value being greater than the first value; a characteristic of a vehicle on which the WD is mounted or incorporated, the characteristic being at least one of a position, a speed, and a vehicle type; as well as The budget enables the transmitter of the WD to use the first value of T2 to select resources for a plurality of packets a certain number of times per second, and to use the second value of T2 to select resources for the remaining packets.

21. The wireless device of claim 17, wherein: The at least one parameter includes a congestion control indicator that causes the value of T2 to be small when congestion is low and causes the value of T2 to be large when congestion is high.

22. The wireless device of claim 12, wherein: The WD is included in a vehicle.

23. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, the computer program having instructions which, when executed by a wireless device WD, cause the wireless device to perform a method for determining a second time T2 for selecting a time-frequency resource in a time interval [n+T1, n+T2], wherein T2>T1≥0, T1 is a first time, and n is a time reference, the method comprising: determining a value of T2 based on the priority indication; Considering the determined value of T2 as the minimum value, the actual value of T2 is selected; Selecting the time-frequency resource in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2]; as well as Data is sent in the selected time-frequency resources.

24. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein: The time-frequency resources in the time interval [n+T1, n+T2] are not selected with equal probability.

25. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein: The priority indication is a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value.

26. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein: The priority indication is such that higher priority transmissions result in lower values ​​of T2.

27. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein: The value of T2 depends on which pool of multiple resource pools will be adopted, and the selected time-frequency resource is part of the adopted pool.

28. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein: Determining the value of T2 is based on at least one parameter used as a proxy to indicate the likelihood of a conflict and includes selecting the value of T2 from a set of predetermined T2 values.

29. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 28, wherein: The at least one parameter includes at least one of the following: The number of reserved subframes is such that T2 is a fixed value minus the number of reserved subframes; and The number of unavailable subframes such that T2 = T fixed,2 -N unavailable , where T fixed,2 is a fixed value, and N unavailable is in the interval [n, n+T fixed，2 ] The number of unavailable subframes in ].

30. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 28, wherein: The at least one parameter comprises a packet size, such that the smaller the packet size, the lower the value of T2.

31. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 28, wherein: The at least one parameter includes at least one of the following: transmission type, such that for control information, T2 is a first value, and for other types of information, T2 is a second value, the second value being greater than the first value; a characteristic of a vehicle on which the WD is mounted or incorporated, the characteristic being at least one of a position, a speed, and a vehicle type; as well as The budget enables the transmitter of the WD to use the first value of T2 to select resources for a plurality of packets a certain number of times per second, and to use the second value of T2 to select resources for the remaining packets.

32. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 28, wherein: The at least one parameter includes a congestion control indicator that causes the value of T2 to be small when congestion is low and causes the value of T2 to be large when congestion is high.

33. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein: The WD is included in a vehicle.

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