Method and device for communication, storage medium, program product and communication system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a communication method, a communication device, a computer readable storage medium, a computer program product and a communication system. In the method, a first device determines a second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of a first precoding matrix under the condition of receiving beam mismatch information generated by a second device; the first device executes a second pre-coding operation on a second to-be-coded signal according to a second pre-coding matrix to obtain a second pre-coded signal; and the first device sends the second pre-coded signal to the second device. Therefore, under the condition of beam mismatch, the pre-coding matrix can be quickly adjusted, the matching of the pre-coding matrix and the channel environment is ensured, the pre-coding matrix can be continuously changed, the precision of the pre-coding matrix is improved, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

A method, device, storage medium, program product and communication system for communication Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of telecommunications, and more particularly to a method, apparatus, storage medium, program product, and communication system for communication. Background Art

[0002] For wireless communication systems, the quality of the channel will greatly affect the performance of communication. The transmitted signal must be adapted to the current channel status to achieve optimal communication performance.

[0003] Conventional communication systems usually use the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) to obtain the current Channel State Information (CSI). After obtaining this information, the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) and Resource Block (RB) are further scheduled according to the channel quality, and beamforming is performed to support Multi-user Multi-input Multi-output (MU MIMO) to improve the communication rate. However, both CSI-RS and CSI feedback require resource overhead, which squeezes resources used for communication and reduces communication efficiency. In addition, the accuracy of CSI feedback is limited. In order to save the overhead of CSI feedback, a codebook is generally used for feedback, resulting in a loss of channel measurement accuracy.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication technology solution for channel measurement and precoding, which can perform channel measurement and precoding based on device information and environment, and adaptively adjust when the channel state changes, thereby saving the signaling overhead of CSI-RS and CSI feedback, and following channel changes to achieve high-precision channel measurement and precoding.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method is performed by a first device. The first device may be a network device or a chip used in the network device. In this method, the first device determines a second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix upon receiving beam mismatch information generated by the second device. Furthermore, the first device performs a second precoding operation on the second signal to be coded according to the second precoding matrix to obtain a second precoded signal. Furthermore, the first device sends the second precoded signal to the second device. In this way, under the condition of beam mismatch, the precoding matrix can be quickly adjusted to ensure the matching of the precoding matrix and the channel environment, thereby improving communication transmission efficiency. Moreover, the precoding matrix can be continuously changed, which improves the accuracy of the precoding matrix and transmission efficiency compared to the traditional discrete precoding matrix.

[0007] It is understood that the first device may also be a terminal device or a chip of a terminal device, and the beam may be, for example, a beam sent by the first device to a network device, or a beam sent by the first device to another terminal device in scenarios such as sidelink (SL) communication and self-organizing networks. This disclosure is not limited to this. The following network devices are similarly deduced and will not be further described in this disclosure.

[0008] In some implementations, the first device also performs a first precoding operation on the first signal to be coded based on the first precoding matrix to obtain a first precoded signal. Then, the first device sends the first precoded signal to the second device, and the first precoding matrix is ​​determined based on the information of the first device, the information of the second device, and the environmental information. In this way, there is no need to use the CSI-RS reference signal to calculate the first precoding matrix, which can effectively reduce the overhead of the CSI-RS and the overhead of the CSI feedback; based on the information of the first device, the information of the second device, and the environmental information, etc., environmental perception is performed to accurately calculate the first precoding matrix. The precoding matrix is ​​not limited to a discrete precoding matrix based on a codebook, and can change continuously. Compared with the traditional discrete precoding matrix based on a codebook, the accuracy of the precoding matrix can be improved, and the transmission efficiency can be improved.

[0009] In some implementations, determining the second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix by the first device includes: the first device transmitting at least one test signal to the second device based on the column vector of the first precoding matrix. Furthermore, the first device receives feedback information corresponding to the test signal from the second device. Furthermore, the first device generates the second precoding matrix based on the feedback information. In this manner, the state of each path in the channel can be separately detected, and the second precoding matrix can be conveniently and accurately calculated using the existing first precoding matrix, maintaining dynamic matching with the channel and improving transmission efficiency.

[0010] In some implementations, the first device sending at least one test signal based on a column vector of the first precoding matrix includes the first device sequentially sending multiple test signals corresponding to the multiple column vectors of the first precoding matrix to the second device. In this manner, each path in the channel can be accurately detected one by one.

[0011] In some implementations, the first device transmitting at least one test signal based on a column vector of a first precoding matrix includes: the first device generating a test signal corresponding to the plurality of column vectors using an orthogonal signal based on the plurality of column vectors of the first precoding matrix. Furthermore, the first device transmitting the test signal to the second device. This allows for simultaneous detection of multiple paths in the channel, improving detection efficiency.

[0012] In some implementations, the orthogonal signal includes at least one of the following: a code division signal; or a frequency division signal. In this way, a flexible approach can be used to simultaneously detect multiple paths in the channel, thereby improving detection efficiency.

[0013] In some implementations, the feedback information includes at least one of the following: the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; a normalized value of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; an index of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; or the relative received power of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal, where the first test signal and the column vector are correlated, and the at least one test signal includes the first test signal. In this way, test results for multiple paths can be flexibly fed back in a variety of ways, using different resource overheads and applicable to different application scenarios.

[0014] In some implementations, the communication method satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: the information about the first device includes at least one of the first device's location information and antenna array information; the information about the second device includes at least one of the second device's location information and antenna array information; or the environmental information includes at least one of an environmental map and environmental electromagnetic parameters. In this manner, the first precoding matrix can be accurately calculated using the information about the first device, the second device, and the environmental information, thereby reducing resource overhead for CSI-RS and CSI feedback and ensuring computational accuracy.

[0015] In some implementations, the second precoding operation of the first device includes: the first device modifying the second precoding matrix to determine a third precoding matrix. Furthermore, the first device performs the second precoding operation on the signal based on the third precoding matrix. In this way, the precoding matrix can be optimized to further improve transmission efficiency.

[0016] In some implementations, the first device modifying the second precoding matrix includes weighting the columns of the second precoding matrix by the first device according to at least one of the following: received power of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix; or received signal-to-noise ratio of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix. In this way, strong paths in the channel can be fully utilized to optimize the precoding matrix, further improving transmission efficiency.

[0017] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The execution subject of the method is a second device. The second device can be a terminal device or a chip used in the terminal device. In this method, the second device sends beam mismatch information to the first device, and the beam mismatch information is obtained by verifying the first precoded signal obtained after performing a first precoding operation according to the first precoding matrix. Furthermore, the second device receives a second precoded signal from the first device, and the second precoded signal is obtained after encoding according to the second precoding matrix, and the second precoding matrix is ​​determined based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix. In this way, the mismatch between the beam and the channel can be dynamically detected, and the signal encoded by the second precoding matrix adjusted according to the channel environment can be received, so as to maintain the matching between the precoding matrix and the channel and improve the transmission efficiency.

[0018] It is understood that the second device may also be a network device or a chip of a network device, and the beam may be, for example, a beam received by the second device from a terminal device, or a beam received by the second device from another network device in a relay scenario, etc., and this disclosure is not limited to this. The same applies to the terminal devices described below, and this disclosure will not elaborate on this.

[0019] In some implementations, the verification of the first precoded signal includes at least one of the following: a data error in the first precoded signal and a change in the signal power of the first device received by the second device that is greater than a first threshold; or a data error probability of the first precoded signal that is greater than a second threshold. This allows accurate detection of beam mismatch, avoids the effects of random interference, and maximizes the matching of the precoding matrix with the channel.

[0020] In some implementations, the second device further receives at least one test signal from the first device. Furthermore, the second device sends feedback information based on the at least one test signal. In this way, multiple paths in the channel are detected using the test signal and feedback information, which helps the first device adjust the precoding matrix to maintain matching between the precoding matrix and the channel.

[0021] In some implementations, the feedback information includes at least one of the following: the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; a normalized value of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; an index of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; a column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; or a relative received power of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal, where the first test signal and the column vector are correlated, and the at least one test signal includes the first test signal. In this way, test results for multiple paths can be flexibly fed back in a variety of ways, using different resource overheads and applicable to different application scenarios.

[0022] In some implementations, the test signal is generated by an orthogonal signal. In this way, a flexible approach can be used to simultaneously detect multiple paths in a channel, thereby improving detection efficiency.

[0023] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which can be used for the first device of the first aspect. The device can be a terminal device or a network device, or a device in a terminal device or a network device (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit), or a device that can be used in combination with a terminal device or a network device.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a module or unit corresponding to the method / operation / step / action described in the first aspect. The module or unit may be a hardware circuit, software, or a combination of hardware circuit and software.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The processing unit is configured to determine a second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix, and to perform a second precoding operation on a second to-be-coded signal using the second precoding matrix to obtain a second precoded signal. The transceiver unit is configured to receive beam mismatch information generated by a second device and transmit the second precoded signal to the second device.

[0026] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which can be used for the second device of the second aspect. The device can be a terminal device or a network device, or a device in a terminal device or a network device (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit), or a device that can be used in combination with a terminal device or a network device.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a module or unit corresponding to the method / operation / step / action described in the second aspect. The module or unit may be a hardware circuit, software, or a combination of hardware circuit and software.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The processing unit is configured to verify a first precoded signal obtained after performing a first precoding operation according to a first precoding matrix to obtain beam mismatch information. The transceiver unit is configured to transmit the beam mismatch information to the first device and receive a second precoded signal from the first device. The second precoded signal is obtained by encoding according to a second precoding matrix, where the second precoding matrix is ​​determined based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix.

[0029] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be the network device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, or a chip provided in the network device. The communication device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program or instructions. When the processor executes the computer program or instructions, the communication device executes the method performed by the terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0030] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be the terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, or a chip provided in the terminal device. The communication device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program or instructions. When the processor executes the computer program or instructions, the communication device executes the method performed by the terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0031] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, it implements the methods performed by the terminal device or network device in the above aspects.

[0032] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising: a computer program code, which, when run, enables the methods performed by a terminal device or a network device in the above aspects to be executed.

[0033] In a ninth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising: a first device and a second device, wherein the first device executes the method executed by the network device in the above method embodiment, and the second device executes the method executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] FIG1A illustrates a communication scenario in which an embodiment of the present application can be implemented with an unobstructed signal path.

[0035] FIG1B illustrates a communication scenario in which an embodiment of the present application can be implemented in which a signal path is blocked.

[0036] FIG2A is a flow chart of channel estimation and precoding in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG2B is a flow chart of channel estimation and precoding under normal beam conditions in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] FIG2C is a flow chart of channel estimation and precoding including beam mismatch in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG3 shows a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a first device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG4 shows a flowchart of a communication method implemented at a second device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] FIG5 shows a simplified block diagram of an example device of a possible implementation method in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] FIG6 shows a simplified block diagram of a communication device according to a possible implementation of an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG7 shows a simplified block diagram of a network device in a possible implementation manner of an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operation methods and functional descriptions in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments.

[0045] In recent years, wireless sensing technology has attracted widespread attention in academia. Wireless sensing technology analyzes changes in wireless signals during propagation to determine the characteristics of the signal propagation space (channel), enabling scene perception. These scenarios include both moving objects (e.g., vehicles) and static objects (e.g., buildings and streets). Radar is a classic wireless sensing method. Its basic principle is that a transmitter transmits a specific waveform signal, which travels through a wireless channel to a receiver. Signal processing is performed on the transmitted and received signals to extract targets of interest in the wireless channel.

[0046] The primary function of wireless communication systems is to exchange information between transceivers. The fundamental principle is that a transmitter transmits a specific waveform signal, which is received by a receiver after passing through a wireless channel. After signal processing, the signal is demodulated to reveal the transmitter's signal. From the perspective of the physical processes of transmission, transmission, and reception, radar and wireless communication are very similar. The integration of wireless communication and sensing technologies (represented by radar) to simultaneously communicate and perceive the surrounding environment has become a hot topic of research. Given that base stations have sensing capabilities, how to leverage these capabilities to aid communication, improve communication performance, or save resources (such as reducing beam scanning overhead) is a highly valuable research question.

[0047] For wireless communication systems, channel quality significantly impacts communication performance. Transmitted signals must adapt to the current channel state to achieve optimal communication performance. For example, when channel quality is poor, a signal with a high modulation order sent by the transmitter will experience a high bit error rate when demodulated by the receiver, resulting in reduced communication efficiency.

[0048] To improve the overall performance of wireless systems, it's necessary to ensure that the transmitted signal configuration is adapted to the current channel state. In one implementation, the current CSI information is first obtained. After obtaining this information, MCS and RB resource allocation are further scheduled based on channel quality, and beamforming is performed to support multi-user multiplexing (MU-MIMO) and improve communication rates. Communication technologies such as 5G cellular and Wi-Fi 6 use CSI to estimate the channel and, based on this estimated information, further adjust the signal transmission configuration at the transmitter.

[0049] Taking 5G New Radio (NR) as an example, its CSI-based channel measurement and precoding framework mainly includes: 1) network devices transmit CSI-RS; 2) terminal devices measure CSI-RS, including channel measurement and interference measurement; 3) terminal devices report CSI feedback results, and the base station performs relevant scheduling processing. The reported CSI feedback results include Rank Indicator (RI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), etc. The scheduling processing of network devices is related to the specific implementation algorithm. For example, after obtaining this information, the network device schedules the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), Resource Block (RB) allocation, and performs beamforming based on the CSI feedback results to support Multi-user Multi-input Multi-output (MU MIMO) and other functions to improve communication rates.

[0050] The traditional CSI-based channel state measurement and precoding method has the following disadvantages: 1) CSI-RS resource overhead is required: CSI-based channel measurement requires additional CSI-RS reference signal configuration, which squeezes resources used for communication and reduces communication efficiency; 2) CSI feedback overhead is required: CSI feedback also requires communication resources, reducing communication efficiency; 3) CSI feedback accuracy is limited: In order to save CSI feedback overhead, a codebook is generally used for feedback, that is, the sender and receiver agree on a codebook, and different codebooks correspond to different precoding matrices. This will result in the precoding matrix being able to be selected from a limited number of pre-set matrices, while the actual channel state is continuously changing, resulting in a loss of channel measurement accuracy.

[0051] In view of this, the embodiments disclosed in the present application provide a communication method for channel measurement and precoding. In this method, the first device determines a second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix under the condition that it receives beam mismatch information generated by the second device. Then, the first device performs a second precoding operation on the second signal to be coded according to the second precoding matrix to obtain a second precoded signal. Then, the first device sends the second precoded signal to the second device. In this way, under the condition of beam mismatch, the precoding matrix can be quickly adjusted to ensure the matching of the precoding matrix and the channel environment, thereby improving the communication transmission efficiency. Moreover, the precoding matrix is ​​not limited to a discrete precoding matrix based on a codebook, but can change continuously. Compared with the traditional discrete precoding matrix based on a codebook, the accuracy of the precoding matrix is ​​improved and the transmission efficiency is improved.

[0052] It can be understood that the first device in the above communication method can be a network device or a chip in the network device, or a terminal device or a chip of the terminal device, and the beam can be a beam sent by the first device to the terminal, or a beam sent by the first device to the network device, or a beam sent by the first device to another terminal device in scenarios such as sidelink (SL) communication and self-organizing networks. This disclosure does not limit this. The following network devices are similarly deduced, and this disclosure will not elaborate on them here.

[0053] The embodiments disclosed in this application also provide a communication method for channel measurement and precoding. In this method, the second device sends beam mismatch information to the first device, and the beam mismatch information is obtained by verifying the first precoded signal obtained after performing the first precoding operation according to the first precoding matrix. Furthermore, the second device receives a second precoded signal from the first device, and the second precoded signal is obtained after being encoded according to the second precoding matrix, and the second precoding matrix is ​​determined based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix. In this way, the mismatch between the beam and the channel can be dynamically detected, and the signal encoded by the second precoding matrix adjusted according to the channel environment can be received, so as to maintain the matching between the precoding matrix and the channel and improve the transmission efficiency.

[0054] It is understood that the execution subject of the above communication method can also be a terminal device or a chip of the terminal device, and the beam can be a beam received by the second device from the network device, or it can be a network device or a chip of the network device, and the beam can be a beam received by the second device from the terminal device, or in a scenario such as relay, the second device receives a beam from another network device. This disclosure does not limit this. The following terminal devices are similarly deduced, and this disclosure will not elaborate on them here.

[0055] FIG1A illustrates a communication scenario in which an embodiment of the present application can be implemented, wherein the signal path is unobstructed. Scenario 100 includes a first device 101, such as a network device, and a second device 103, such as a terminal device. Scenario 100 also includes environmental elements, such as buildings 105-1 and 105-2. A direct communication path 111 and reflected communication paths 113 and 115 exist between network device 101 and terminal device 103. A moving target 107, such as a vehicle, does not obstruct the communication path between network device 101 and terminal device 103.

[0056] Network device 101 has a sensing function and can obtain sensory data of the surrounding environment. Network device 101 obtains surrounding environmental information through sensing, such as environmental information such as the 3D structure of fixed objects such as buildings, utility poles, and trees; as well as environmental electromagnetic parameter information such as dielectric constant, refractive index, and reflectivity caused by material information. Network device 101 can also obtain base station information, such as base station location information, antenna array information such as the number, dimensions, orientation, and directional pattern of base station antennas. Network device 101 can also obtain terminal information, such as terminal location information, antenna array information such as the number, dimensions, orientation, and directional pattern of terminal antennas. Based on the above environmental information, base station information, and terminal information, network device 101 can use electromagnetic calculation methods or ray tracing methods to calculate channel information or channel estimation between network device 101 and terminal device 103. Network device 101 determines a first precoding matrix based on the channel information, performs a precoding operation on the transmitted signal based on the first precoding matrix, and transmits the precoded signal. In this way, there is no need to use the CSI-RS reference signal, which can effectively reduce the CSI-RS overhead and CSI feedback overhead; channel estimation can be performed based on the environmental perception results, the precoding matrix can change continuously, and dynamic tracking can be performed based on the terminal location information and terminal antenna array information. Compared with the traditional codebook-based discrete precoding matrix, the precoding matrix accuracy can be improved.

[0057] FIG1B illustrates a communication scenario in which a signal path is obstructed, in which embodiments of the present application can be implemented. Scenario 100 includes the same first device 101 as in FIG1A , such as a network device, a second device 103 , such as a terminal, and environmental elements such as buildings 105 - 1 and 105 - 2 .

[0058] For example, the movement of vehicle 107 blocks communication paths 111 and 113 between network device 101 and terminal device 103, resulting in blocked paths 131 and 133. Network device 101 and terminal device 103 detect changes in the channel environment, determine a second precoding matrix based on the first precoding matrix, perform precoding on the transmitted signal based on the second precoding matrix, and transmit the precoded signal. This allows tracking of channel changes caused by path obstruction and maintaining the accuracy of the precoding matrix.

[0059] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the moving target 107 that causes the communication path to be blocked may be other moving objects such as a human body in addition to a vehicle, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0060] It should be understood that the above wireless communication scenarios are applicable to both high-frequency scenarios (above 6G) such as millimeter waves and low-frequency scenarios (sub 6G). The technical solution of the present application can be applied to cellular systems related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as fourth-generation (4G) communication systems such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system and fifth-generation (5G) communication systems such as the New Radio (NR) system. It can also be applied to wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, communication systems that support the integration of multiple wireless technologies, or communication systems that have evolved after 5G, such as the Sixth Generation (6G) communication system.

[0061] The terminal device 103 shown above can be user equipment (UE), terminal, access terminal, terminal unit, terminal station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile terminal, wireless communication device, terminal agent or terminal device, etc. The terminal device 103 can also be a communication chip with a communication module, or a vehicle with communication function, or a vehicle-mounted device (such as a vehicle-mounted communication device, a vehicle-mounted communication chip), etc. The terminal device 103 can have a wireless transceiver function, which can communicate with one or more network devices of one or more communication systems (such as wireless communication) and receive network services provided by the network devices, where the network devices include but are not limited to the network device (101) shown in the figure. Among them, the terminal device 103 can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a drone, a terminal device in a 5G network, or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN network, etc. The terminal device 103 may specifically be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a smart point of sale (POS) machine, customer-premises equipment (CPE), a terminal in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving systems, a wireless terminal in remote medical systems, a wireless terminal in smart grids, a wireless terminal in transportation safety systems, a wireless terminal in smart cities, a wireless terminal in smart homes, etc. Furthermore, the terminal device 103 may be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; the terminal device 110 may also be deployed on water (e.g., on a ship); and the terminal device 103 may also be deployed in the air (e.g., on an airplane, a balloon, or a satellite).

[0062] The network device (101) may be an access network device (or access network point). The access network device refers to a device that provides network access functions, such as a radio access network (RAN) base station, etc. The network device (101) may specifically include a base station (BS), or a base station and a wireless resource management device for controlling the base station, etc. The network device (101) may also include a relay station (relay device), an access point, a base station in a 5G network or an NR base station, a base station in a future evolved PLMN network, etc. The network device (101) may be a wearable device or an in-vehicle device. The network device (101) may also be a communication chip with a communication module.

[0063] For example, the network equipment (101) includes but is not limited to: a base station (g nodeB, gNB) in 5G, an evolved node B (eNB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a radio network controller (RNC), a radio controller under a cloud radio access network (CRAN) system, a home base station (e.g., home evolved nodeB, or home nodeB, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), a transmission point (TRP), a transmitting point (TP), a mobile switching center, a remote radio unit (RRU), a radio head (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto node, a micro node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a micro-to-micro node, and a micro-to-micro node. It can also be the access network equipment in the future evolved PLMN network, wearable devices or vehicle-mounted devices.

[0064] In some deployments, the network device may include a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The network device may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). It is understood that the network device may be a device including one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node. In addition, the CU may be divided into a network device in the access network (RAN) or a network device in the core network (CN), which is not limited in this application.

[0065] In addition, the network device (101) can be connected to a core network (CN) device, and the core network device can be used to provide core network services for the access network device (101) and the terminal device (103).

[0066] Both the transmitter and receiver of the communication system can use a multiple-transmit multiple-receive method to transmit and receive data. For example, assuming that the number of antennas corresponding to the first device 101 and the second device 103 are M and N, respectively, the transmit signal transmitted by the antenna corresponding to the first device 101 is x, the receive signal received by the antenna corresponding to the second device 103 is y, and the channel matrix is ​​H, then the relationship between the transmit and receive signals can be expressed as follows:

[0067] y=Hx

[0068] When the first device 101 knows the channel information, it can perform signal precoding processing on the second device 103 and dynamically perform power control and phase adjustment based on the channel information, making the signal more directional rather than simply radiating in all directions. This increases the power of the signal received by the terminal device, avoids energy waste, and improves the energy efficiency of the communication system. On the other hand, placing signal processing on the transmitting end first device 101 allows the receiving end second device 103 to avoid complex signal processing. Specifically, when the first device 101 knows the channel matrix H, it can perform SVD decomposition (Singular Value Decomposition) on the channel matrix H:

[0069] H=U∑V H

[0070] After obtaining the SVD decomposition of the channel matrix, the first device 101 may perform a precoding operation on the transmission signal and transmit the signal, that is:

[0071] y=HWz,x=Wz

[0072] Where W represents the first precoding matrix. Setting the first precoding matrix W to matrix V, the following expression can be obtained:

[0073] y=U∑V H VZ

[0074] Since V is an orthogonal matrix, the above expression can be simplified to:

[0075] y=U∑z

[0076] U is an N×N orthogonal matrix, ∑ is an N×M diagonal matrix, and the values ​​on the diagonal are arranged from large to small.

[0077] If the number of streams that can be independently transmitted in the space corresponding to the channel matrix H is K, then K must be less than or equal to min(M,N). The dimension of the transmitted signal x can be called the number of streams. After the first precoding operation x = Wz, the K stream signals are mapped to M antennas. The dimension of the first precoding matrix is ​​M × K. Precoding is a specific implementation of the beamforming algorithm, and the first precoding operation is written as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Where x represents the signal sent out by the antenna. The above formula can represent that the first device 101 sends signal beams in K directions, and each column w in the first precoding matrix W k Corresponds to a beam direction.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a suitable first precoding matrix W can be designed without using CSI-RS and CSI feedback and without using a codebook, thereby saving communication resources and accurately measuring the channel. The specific process is described as follows.

[0081] FIG2A is a schematic diagram of a process 200 of channel estimation and precoding according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0082] In process 200, the second device 103 sends (208) beam mismatch information 210 to the first device 101, and accordingly, the first device 101 receives (212) the beam mismatch information 210 from the second device 103. The beam mismatch information 210 can be obtained by the second device 103 verifying the first precoded signal obtained after performing the first precoding operation according to the first precoding matrix. Under the condition of receiving the beam mismatch information 210, the first device 100 determines (215) a second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix. The first device 101 performs a second precoding operation (220) on the second signal to be coded according to the second precoding matrix to obtain a second precoded signal. Then, the first device 101 sends (223) the second precoded signal 225 to the second device 103. In this way, under the condition of beam mismatch, the precoding matrix can be quickly adjusted to ensure the matching of the precoding matrix and the channel environment, thereby improving the communication transmission efficiency. Moreover, the precoding matrix is ​​not limited to a discrete precoding matrix based on a codebook, but can be continuously changed. Compared with the traditional discrete codebook precoding matrix based on a codebook, the accuracy of the precoding matrix is ​​improved and the transmission efficiency is improved.

[0083] In the disclosed embodiment, the first device 101 further performs a first precoding operation on the first signal to be coded to be sent to the second device 103 based on the first precoding matrix to obtain a first precoded signal. Furthermore, the first device 101 sends the signal after the first precoding operation to the second device 103. The first precoding matrix is ​​determined based on information about the first device 101, information about the second device 103, and environmental information. In this way, there is no need to use the CSI-RS reference signal to calculate the first precoding matrix, which can effectively reduce the overhead of the CSI-RS and the overhead of the CSI feedback. Environmental perception is performed based on information about the first device 101, information about the second device 103, and environmental information, and the first precoding matrix is ​​accurately calculated. The precoding matrix is ​​not limited to a discrete precoding matrix based on a codebook and can vary continuously. Compared with a traditional discrete precoding matrix based on a codebook, the accuracy of the precoding matrix can be improved, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0084] In the disclosed embodiment, determining the second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix by the first device 101 includes: the first device 101 transmitting at least one test signal to the second device 103 based on the column vector of the first precoding matrix. Furthermore, the first device 101 receives feedback information corresponding to the test signal from the second device 103. Furthermore, the first device 101 generates the second precoding matrix based on the feedback information. In this manner, the state of each path in the channel can be separately detected, and the second precoding matrix can be conveniently and accurately calculated using the existing first precoding matrix, maintaining dynamic matching with the channel and improving transmission efficiency.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first device 101 sending at least one test signal based on a column vector of the first precoding matrix includes: the first device 101 sequentially sending multiple test signals corresponding to the multiple column vectors of the first precoding matrix to the second device 103. In this way, each path in the channel can be accurately detected one by one.

[0086] In the disclosed embodiment, the first device 101 transmitting at least one test signal based on a column vector of a first precoding matrix includes: the first device 101 generating a test signal corresponding to the multiple column vectors of the first precoding matrix using an orthogonal signal. Furthermore, the first device 101 transmits the test signal to the second device. This allows for simultaneous detection of multiple paths in the channel, improving detection efficiency.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the orthogonal signal includes at least one of the following: a code division signal; or a frequency division signal. In this way, a flexible approach can be used to simultaneously detect multiple paths in the channel, thereby improving detection efficiency.

[0088] In the disclosed embodiment, the feedback information includes at least one of the following: the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the normalized value of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the index of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; or the relative received power of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal, where the first test signal and the column vector are related, and the at least one test signal includes the first test signal. This allows for flexible feedback of test results for multiple paths in a variety of ways, using different resource overheads, and adapting to different application scenarios.

[0089] In the disclosed embodiments, the communication method performed by the first communication device 101 satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: the information of the first device 101 includes at least one of the following: the location information and antenna array information of the first device 101; the information of the second device 103 includes at least one of the following: the location information and antenna array information of the second device 103; or the environmental information includes at least one of the following: an environmental map and environmental electromagnetic parameters. In this manner, the first precoding matrix can be accurately calculated using the information of the first device 101, the information of the second device 103, and the environmental information, thereby reducing the resource overhead of CSI-RS and CSI feedback and ensuring calculation accuracy.

[0090] In the disclosed embodiment, the second precoding operation of the first device 101 includes: the first device 101 modifies the second precoding matrix to determine a third precoding matrix. Furthermore, the first device 101 performs the second precoding operation on the signal based on the third precoding matrix. In this way, the precoding matrix can be optimized to further improve transmission efficiency.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first device 101 corrects the second precoding matrix by weighting the columns of the second precoding matrix according to at least one of the following: the received power of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix; or the received signal-to-noise ratio of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix. In this way, the strong paths in the channel can be fully utilized to optimize the precoding matrix, further improving transmission efficiency.

[0092] FIG2B is a schematic diagram of a process 202 for channel estimation and precoding under normal beam conditions in an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the process 202 shown in FIG2B can be considered an implementation, embodiment, or example of the process 200 in FIG2A . The network device 230 involved in the process 202 in FIG2B can be considered an embodiment or example of the first device 101 in the process 200, and the terminal device 235 can be considered an embodiment or example of the second device 103 in the process 200. As shown in FIG2B :

[0093] The network device 230 obtains (240) environmental information, wherein the environmental information may be, for example, a 3D map and electromagnetic parameter information of materials in the environment, such as buildings.

[0094] The network device 230 also obtains (243) network device location information and antenna array information, i.e., information of the first device. The antenna array information of the network device may include: the number, location, dimension, orientation, and directional pattern of antenna elements.

[0095] The network device 230 obtains (248) the location information of the terminal device 235 and the antenna array information 246, i.e., the information of the second device. The location information of the terminal device 235 may be provided by the terminal device 235 or may be obtained on the network device 230 side through a multi-node positioning method. The antenna array information of the terminal device 235 specifically includes the number, location, dimension, orientation, and directional pattern of antenna elements. The network device 230 may obtain the antenna array information of the terminal device 235 from the terminal device 235, such as the real-time changing antenna array information of the mobile terminal. For fixedly deployed terminals, such as fixedly deployed Internet of Things (IoT) device terminals, the antenna array information of the terminal device 235 may also be obtained by pre-configuration, and the present disclosure does not limit this. It is understood that the order of obtaining the environmental information, network device location information and antenna array information, and the order of obtaining the terminal device location information and antenna array information may be as shown in FIG. 2A or in other orders, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0096] The network device 230 performs channel estimation based on the environment information, the information of the first device, and the information of the second device, and obtains (250) the channel information Hest Specifically, the channel information H can be obtained using electromagnetic calculation method or ray tracing method. est , or other methods, which are not limited in this disclosure.

[0097] After obtaining the channel information H est After that, the network device 230 est Perform matrix decomposition (253), for example, by using SVD decomposition, to obtain H est =U∑V H , where V H is the conjugate transposed matrix of V. The first precoding matrix W(M×K) with M rows and K columns is expressed as W=V=[v1 v2…v K ],v i is the i-th column of V. The eigenvalues ​​of the diagonal matrix ∑(N×M) are arranged from large to small, and the first K eigenvalues ​​correspond to the eigenvectors in W.

[0098] In this way, the first precoding matrix can be accurately calculated through environmental information, information of the first device, and information of the second device without using CSI-RS and CSI feedback, thereby avoiding the consumption of resources by CSI-RS and CSI feedback. Moreover, compared with codebook-based precoding, channel estimation is more accurate, and the precoding matrix and channel are better matched, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0099] The network device 230 performs a first precoding operation (256) on the signal to be coded z to obtain a first precoded signal x=Wz. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a water filling algorithm can also be used to calculate the precoding parameters of different v i Using different weights, that is, W = [ρ1v1 ρ2v2…ρ K v K ], where ρ i The weights are used to adjust the power of different streams. This allows for better utilization of strong paths in the channel, further improving transmission efficiency. Network device 230 transmits the precoded signal x through the transmit antenna (258), which passes through channel H 260 and is received by terminal device 235 (262).

[0100] The signal (263) received by the terminal device 235 is y=HWz. After receiving the signal y, the terminal device 235 performs data verification (266). The result of the data verification can be determined by the beam mismatch information.

[0101] In one possible implementation, the beam mismatch information is determined based on the CRC check and the power change check. It is understood that the CRC check can also adopt other check methods, such as parity check, forward error correction coding (FEC) check, etc., which is not limited in this disclosure. For example, beam mismatch Beam_failure = {CRC_NACK & PRT_NACK}, where CRC_NACK indicates that the CRC check of the demodulated data fails, and PRT_NACK indicates that the ratio of the received signal power at the two moments before and after is less than a certain threshold. The power ratio is defined as Where P(t n ) represents t n The power of the received signal at the moment. When the terminal device 235 has a CRC check error and γ n <γ threshold When γ is , the beam mismatch information Beam_failure is triggered. threshold is a given threshold, which may be related to the multipath channel environment in the scenario, for example; Beam_failure is the result of the AND of CRC_NACK and PRT_NACK, and is triggered only when both CRC_NACK and PRT_NACK are satisfied. CRC_NACK may be caused by random interference in the wireless channel, such as broadband interference caused by a car ignition. By forming the beam mismatch information Beam_failure by ANDing CRC_NACK & PRT_NACK, random interference can be eliminated and the reliability of Beam_failure verification can be improved. If the data verification passes and the beam is normal 270 is judged as "yes", it means that the beam formed by the precoding is good. At this time, the network device 230 performs channel estimation, calculates the first precoding matrix and the first precoding operation of the data z according to steps 240, 243, 248, 250, 253, and 256. The dotted line 271 after the beam is judged to be normal in the figure indicates that there is no need to perform feedback on whether the data verification is correct and the beam is normal. The data verification is correct and the beam is normal corresponds to the scenario of Figure 1A.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the determination method of beam mismatch information can also be implemented by detecting the probability of CRC_NACK within a period of time. In the case of beam alignment, CRC check errors may also occur, so there may be errors in determining beam mismatch by a single CRC_NACK. The terminal device 235 can determine whether a beam mismatch has occurred by detecting the probability of CRC_NACK within a period of time. Assuming that within a period of time T, the number of data blocks received by the terminal device 235 is N, of which M data blocks have CRC check errors, β can be defined as M / N. When β>β thresholdWhen the value is greater than a given threshold, the CRC error is determined to be caused by beam mismatch rather than random factors, and the precoding matrix needs to be readjusted. This eliminates the influence of random interference and improves the reliability of Beam_failure detection.

[0103] FIG2C is a schematic diagram of a process 204 for channel estimation and precoding with beam mismatch in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the network device 230, terminal devices 235, 240 to 270 are the same as those in FIG2B . It should be noted that the process 204 shown in FIG2C can be considered an implementation, embodiment, or example of the process 200 in FIG2A . The network device 230 involved in the process 204 in FIG2C can be considered an embodiment or example of the first device 101 in the process 200, and the terminal device 235 can be considered an embodiment or example of the second device 103 in the process 200.

[0104] As shown in FIG2C , if the data verification fails, it indicates that the channel environment has suddenly changed. For example, the moving target 107 of the car has blocked the communication path. This will cause the received signal energy to suddenly change, resulting in beam mismatch. At this time, the terminal device 235 feeds back (272) the beam mismatch information 273 to the network device 230. In this way, the beam mismatch caused by the path obstruction can be dynamically detected and fed back to the network device 230 so that the network device 230 can adjust the precoding matrix to maintain matching with the channel environment and improve transmission efficiency.

[0105] The network device 230 uses the same or similar method as the calculation operation (250) described above to obtain (275) the channel information H through the environment information, base station information and terminal information. est When performing channel estimation, since the terminal position may move, the terminal information can be re-acquired. The network device 230 calculates the channel information matrix H est Perform matrix decomposition such as SVD decomposition (277)H est =U∑V H , get the feature vector {v1, v2, ..., v N}, by each eigenvector v i Generate precoding matrix W one by one i , respectively perform precoding operation (279) on the signal to be precoded z, and obtain the precoded signal x=W i z, multiple test signals x are sent one by one through the channel 282 (281) to the terminal device 235 in a single stream manner. In this way, it is possible to use H estUnder the condition of single-stream detection, the signals in multiple paths are detected one by one. In this way, each path in the channel can be accurately detected by single-stream detection.

[0106] The terminal device 235 receives (283) data sent to a different precoding matrix, i.e., y = HW i z. The terminal device 235 sends (278) feedback information 289 to the network device 230 based on the characteristics of the received signal y. The feedback information 289 can be the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the signal y or the normalized value of the SNR. The feedback information 289 can also be the feature vector v corresponding to the high SNR in the received signal y. k , or the eigenvector v corresponding to a high SNR in the received signal y k The index of the received signal, or the corresponding different feature vectors v k The relative power value ρ k A high SNR may be higher than a predetermined SNR threshold, or may be a number of received signals y with a higher SNR, or other high SNR determination methods, which are not limited in this disclosure. k It can be a relative value relative to the maximum received signal power. In this way, different methods can be used to flexibly feedback the received signal status of each path, with different costs to adapt to different application scenarios. For example, the terminal device 235 feeds back the received signal SNR or the normalized value of the received signal SNR, which can simplify the terminal implementation and reduce terminal costs; feeding back the eigenvector corresponding to the high SNR is conducive to the network device 230 directly optimizing the precoding matrix; feeding back the eigenvector index corresponding to the high SNR can reduce the amount of transmitted data of the feedback information and reduce the transmission resource cost; feeding back the eigenvector index corresponding to different eigenvectors v in the received signal k The relative power value ρ k , which can help the network device 230 further optimize the precoding matrix through the water filling algorithm. When the network device 230 sends multiple test signals x stream by stream, the corresponding y received by the terminal device 235 is the first test signal, which is correlated with the columns of the first precoding matrix W.

[0107] After receiving (290) the feedback information 289, the network device 230 selects (291) the best second precoding matrix W according to the feedback information 289. opt. For example, when the channel does not mutate, the eigenvectors corresponding to the first K larger eigenvalues ​​can be selected. However, when a car appears in the environment and blocks the Line of Sight (LOS), v1 no longer corresponds to the strongest path. At this time, the network device 230 can select the 2nd to K+1th eigenvectors to form a new second precoding matrix. Or after the strongest path is blocked, the number of valid streams becomes K-1 streams, and the network device 230 can select the 2nd to Kth eigenvectors to form a new second precoding matrix. The network device 230 uses the selected second precoding matrix W for the data z. opt Perform the second precoding operation (293) x=W opt z, and sends (294) it to the terminal device 235 via the channel H 295. The terminal device 235 obtains (297) the received signal y=HW opt In this way, the precoding matrix can be adjusted according to environmental changes to ensure matching between the precoding matrix and the channel environment. It is understood that the selection strategy for the columns of the precoding matrix can also be completed at the terminal device 235, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a water injection algorithm can also be used to target W opt Different columns of the second precoding matrix are weighted with different weights to adjust the power corresponding to different streams. The weights can be the received power of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix, or the received signal-to-noise ratio of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix. This allows for better utilization of strong paths in the channel, further improving transmission efficiency.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the precoding operation (279), the network device 230 may also use code division to send signals on multiple eigenvectors simultaneously, i.e. where z m Orthogonal coding is used. This allows for simultaneous detection of multiple paths using a multi-stream approach, saving time in feedback information and selecting the optimal precoding matrix, thereby improving efficiency. It is understood that signals can be transmitted across multiple eigenvectors using frequency division or other methods, which are not limited in this disclosure. At this point, terminal device 235 performs orthogonal detection on received signal y to obtain a first test signal associated with each column of the first precoding matrix W. Feedback information 289 is associated with the first test signal.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the precoding adjustment is successful, if the detection result after the beam adjustment corresponding to the column in the selected precoding matrix is ​​the same as the beam corresponding to the first K largest eigenvectors, the network device 230 can determine that the change in the environment has ended and the occlusion has disappeared, and the calculated channel information H can be reused. estAfter precoding, the process can return to the flow shown in FIG. 2B .

[0111] FIG3 illustrates a flow chart 300 of a communication method implemented at a first device 101 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one possible implementation, method 300 may be implemented by the first device 101 in the example environment 100. In other possible implementations, method 300 may also be implemented by other electronic devices independent of the example environment 100. As an example, method 300 will be described below using the example of being implemented by the first device 101, such as a terminal device, in the example environment 100.

[0112] In 310 , the first device 101 determines a second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix, upon receiving beam mismatch information generated by the second device 103 .

[0113] At 320 , the first device 101 performs a second precoding operation on the second signal to be coded according to the second precoding matrix to obtain a second precoded signal.

[0114] At 330 , the first device 101 sends a second precoded signal to the second device 103 .

[0115] In some embodiments, the first device 101 also performs a first precoding operation on the first signal to be encoded according to the first precoding matrix to obtain a first precoded signal; and the first device 101 sends the first precoded signal to the second device 103, and the first precoding matrix is ​​determined based on information of the first device, information of the second device and environmental information.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first device 101 determines the second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix, including: the first device 101 sends at least one test signal to the second device based on the column vector of the first precoding matrix; the first device 101 receives feedback information corresponding to the test signal from the second device 103; and the first device 101 generates the second precoding matrix based on the feedback information.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends at least one test signal based on the column vector of the first precoding matrix, including: the first device 101 sequentially sends multiple test signals corresponding to multiple column vectors to the second device 103 based on multiple column vectors of the first precoding matrix.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first device 101 sends at least one test signal based on the column vector of the first precoding matrix, including: the first device 101 uses an orthogonal signal to generate a test signal corresponding to multiple column vectors based on multiple column vectors of the first precoding matrix; and the first device 101 sends a test signal to the second device 103.

[0119] In some embodiments, the orthogonal signals include code-divided signals, frequency-divided signals, or any combination thereof.

[0120] In some embodiments, the feedback information includes: the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the normalized value of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the index of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; or the relative received power of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal, the first test signal and the column vector are correlated, and at least one test signal includes the first test signal; or any combination of the listed items.

[0121] In some embodiments, features of the method include: information of the first device 101 includes location information of the first device 101, antenna array information, or any combination of the listed items; information of the second device 103 includes location information of the second device 103, antenna array information, or any combination of the listed items; or environmental information includes environmental maps, environmental electromagnetic parameters, or any combination of the listed items; or any combination of the listed items.

[0122] In some embodiments, the second precoding operation of the first device 101 includes: the first device 101 modifies the second precoding matrix to determine a third precoding matrix; and the first device 101 performs the second precoding operation on the signal according to the third precoding matrix.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first device 101 corrects the second precoding matrix, including: the first device 101 weights the columns of the second precoding matrix according to one or any combination of the following items: the received power of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix; or the received signal-to-noise ratio of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix.

[0124] FIG4 illustrates a flow chart of a communication method implemented at the second device 103 in an embodiment of the present application. In one possible implementation, method 400 can be implemented by the second device 103, such as a network device, in the example environment 100. In other possible implementations, method 400 can also be implemented by other electronic devices independent of the example environment 100. As an example, the method 400 will be described below using the example of being implemented by the second device 103 in the example environment 100.

[0125] At 410 , the second device 103 sends beam mismatch information to the first device 101 , where the beam mismatch information is obtained by checking a first precoded signal obtained after performing a first precoding operation according to a first precoding matrix.

[0126] At 420 , the second device 103 receives a second precoded signal from the first device 101 , where the second precoded signal is encoded according to a second precoding matrix, where the second precoding matrix is ​​determined based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix.

[0127] In some embodiments, the verification of the first precoded signal includes: data error in the first precoded signal, and a change in the signal power of the first device received by the second device is greater than a first threshold; or the data error probability of the first precoded signal is higher than a second threshold; or any combination of the listed items.

[0128] In some embodiments, the method 400 further includes: the second device 103 receiving at least one test signal from the first device 101; and the second device 103 sending feedback information according to the at least one test signal.

[0129] In some embodiments, the feedback information includes: the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the normalized value of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the index of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; or the relative received power of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal, the first test signal and the column vector are correlated, and at least one test signal includes the first test signal; or any combination of the listed items.

[0130] In some embodiments, the test signal is generated from quadrature signals.

[0131] In the embodiments provided in the present application, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application are introduced from the perspectives of network devices, terminal devices, and the interaction between network devices and terminal devices. In order to implement the various functions in the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application, the network devices and terminal devices may include hardware structures and / or software modules to implement the above functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether a function of the above functions is executed in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0132] Figures 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of the structures of possible communication devices provided in the embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can implement the functions of the terminal device or network device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects possessed by the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of the present application, the communication device can be, for example, the second device 103 of the terminal device as shown in Figure 2A, or the first device 101 of the network device as shown in Figure 2A, or a module (such as a chip) applied to the terminal device or network device.

[0133] As shown in Figure 5, a communication device 500 includes a transceiver module 501 and a processing module 502. The communication device 500 can be used to implement the functions of the network device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2A above.

[0134] When the communication device 500 is used to implement the function of the network device 230 in the method embodiment of Figure 2A: the processing module 502 is used to determine the second precoding matrix 215 based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix, and to perform a second precoding operation 220 on the signal to be sent to the second device 103 based on the second precoding matrix; the transceiver module 601 is used to receive the beam mismatch information 210 generated by the second device 103, and to send the signal 225 after the second precoding operation to the second device 103.

[0135] When the communication device 500 is used to implement the function of the terminal device 235 in the method embodiment of Figure 2A: the processing module 502 is used to verify the signal after the first precoding operation to obtain the beam mismatch information 210; the transceiver module 501 is used to send the beam mismatch information 210 and receive the signal 225 after the second precoding operation.

[0136] For a more detailed description of the transceiver module 501 and the processing module 502 , please refer to the relevant description in the above method embodiment, which will not be described again here.

[0137] As shown in Figure 6, the communication device 600 includes a processor 610 and an interface circuit 620. The processor 610 and the interface circuit 620 are coupled to each other. It will be understood that the interface circuit 620 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 700 may further include a memory 630 for storing instructions executed by the processor 610 or storing input data required by the processor 610 to run instructions or storing data generated after the processor 610 runs instructions. Optionally, the processor 610 and the memory 630 may be integrated into a system on chip (SOC) such as a chip, or other integrated devices. Optionally, the interface circuit 620 may also be integrated into a system on chip (SOC) such as a chip, or other integrated devices.

[0138] When the communication device 600 is used to implement the method in the above method embodiment, the processor 610 is used to execute the functions of the above processing module 502 , and the interface circuit 620 is used to execute the functions of the above transceiver module 501 .

[0139] When the communication device is a chip used in a terminal device, the terminal device chip implements the functions of the terminal device in the above method embodiments. The terminal device chip receives information from other modules in the terminal device (such as a radio frequency module or antenna), and the information is sent by the network device to the terminal device; or the terminal device chip sends information to other modules in the terminal device (such as a radio frequency module or antenna), and the information is sent by the terminal device to the network device.

[0140] When the communication device is a chip used in a network device, the network device chip implements the network device functions of the above method embodiments. The network device chip receives information from other modules in the network device (such as a radio frequency module or antenna), and the information is sent by the terminal device to the network device; or the network device chip sends information to other modules in the network device (such as a radio frequency module or antenna), and the information is sent by the network device to the terminal device.

[0141] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0142] When the apparatus in the embodiment of the present application is a network device, the apparatus may be as shown in FIG7 . The apparatus may include one or more transceiver modules 710 and one or more processing modules 720. The transceiver module 710 may include a sending module and a receiving module, or the transceiver module may be a module capable of implementing sending and receiving functions. The transceiver module may correspond to the transceiver module 501 in FIG5 , that is, it may execute the actions performed by the transceiver module 501. Optionally, the transceiver module may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., and may include at least one antenna 711 and a radio frequency unit 712. The transceiver module 710 is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals into baseband signals. Exemplarily, the transceiver module 710 is a remote radio unit (RRU). The processing module 720 is mainly used for performing baseband processing, controlling network equipment, etc. Exemplarily, the processing module 720 is a baseband unit (BBU), or may also be referred to as a digital unit (DU). The transceiver module 710 and the processing module 720 may be physically arranged together or physically separated, that is, a distributed base station.

[0143] The processing module 720 is the control center of the network device and may correspond to the processing module 502 in FIG5 . It is primarily used to perform baseband processing functions such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, and spread spectrum. In addition, the processing module may execute actions performed by the processing module 702. For example, the processing module 720 may be used to control the base station to execute the operation flow of the network device in the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0144] In one example, the processing module 720 can be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards can jointly support a wireless access network with a single access standard (such as a 5G network or an LTE network), or can respectively support wireless access networks with different access standards (such as an LTE network, a 5G network or other networks). The processing module 720 also includes a memory 721 and a processor 722. The memory 721 is used to store necessary instructions and data. The processor 722 is used to control the base station to perform necessary actions, such as controlling the base station to execute the operation process of the network device in the above method embodiment. The memory 721 and the processor 722 can serve one or more single boards. That is, a memory and a processor can be set separately on each single board. Alternatively, multiple single boards can share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits can also be set on each single board.

[0145] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system. The communication system may include the terminal device involved in the embodiment shown in Figure 2A above, and the network device involved in the embodiment shown in Figure 2A. Optionally, the terminal device and the network device in the communication system may execute any of the communication methods shown in Figure 2A.

[0146] The present application also provides a circuit that can be coupled to a memory and can be used to execute the processes related to the terminal device or network device in any of the above method embodiments. The chip system may include the chip and other components such as a memory or a transceiver.

[0147] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, a baseband processor, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0148] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0149] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) is integrated into the processor.

[0150] It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0151] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0152] It will be appreciated that the modules and algorithmic steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0153] It can be clearly understood that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and modules described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0154] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed communication methods and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0155] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network elements. Some or all of these elements may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0156] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0157] If this function is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that makes the contribution, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method of each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), universal serial bus flash disk, mobile hard disk, or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.

[0158] As used herein, the term "including" and similar terms should be understood as open inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc. can refer to different or the same objects and are only used to distinguish the objects referred to, and do not imply a specific spatial order, temporal order, order of importance, etc. of the objects referred to. In some embodiments, values, processes, selected items, determined items, devices, means, components, assemblies, etc. are referred to as "best", "lowest", "highest", "minimum", "maximum", etc. It should be understood that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection can be made from a number of available functional options, and that such a selection need not be better, lower, higher, smaller, larger, or otherwise preferred than other options in other aspects or all aspects. As used herein, the term "determine" can encompass a variety of actions. For example, "determine" can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc. Furthermore, "determining" may include receiving (eg, receiving information), accessing (eg, accessing data in a memory), etc. Furthermore, "determining" may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, etc.

[0159] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present application, and all such changes or substitutions should be included in the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for communication, comprising: The first device determines a second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix upon receiving the beam mismatch information generated by the second device; The first device performs a second precoding operation on the second signal to be coded according to the second precoding matrix to obtain a second precoded signal; as well as The first device sends the second precoded signal to the second device.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The first device performs a first precoding operation on the first signal to be coded according to the first precoding matrix to obtain a first precoded signal; as well as The first device sends the first precoded signal to the second device, The first precoding matrix is ​​determined based on information about the first device, information about the second device, and environmental information.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein determining the second precoding matrix based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix comprises: The first device sends at least one test signal to the second device based on a column vector of the first precoding matrix; The first device receives feedback information corresponding to the test signal from the second device; as well as The first device generates the second precoding matrix based on the feedback information.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein sending the at least one test signal based on a column vector of the first precoding matrix comprises: The first device sequentially transmits a plurality of test signals corresponding to the plurality of column vectors of the first precoding matrix to the second device based on the plurality of column vectors of the first precoding matrix.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the sending of the at least one test signal based on the column vector of the first precoding matrix comprises: The first device generates a test signal corresponding to the plurality of column vectors of the first precoding matrix using an orthogonal signal based on the plurality of column vectors of the first precoding matrix; as well as The first device sends the one test signal to the second device.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the orthogonal signal comprises at least one of the following: code division signal; or Frequency division signal.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the feedback information comprises at least one of the following: a signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; a normalized value of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the index of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; or the relative received power of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal, The first test signal is associated with the column vector, and the at least one test signal includes the first test signal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: Meet at least one of the following: The information of the first device includes at least one of location information and antenna array information of the first device; The information of the second device includes at least one of location information and antenna array information of the second device; or The environmental information includes at least one of an environmental map and an environmental electromagnetic parameter.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the second precoding operation comprises: Modifying the second precoding matrix to determine a third precoding matrix; as well as A second precoding operation is performed on the signal according to the third precoding matrix.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein modifying the second precoding matrix comprises: The columns of the second precoding matrix are weighted according to at least one of the following: the received power of the test signal corresponding to the column of the second precoding matrix; or A received signal-to-noise ratio of a test signal corresponding to a column of the second precoding matrix.

11. A method for communication, comprising: The second device sends beam mismatch information to the first device, where the beam mismatch information is obtained by checking a first precoded signal obtained after performing a first precoding operation according to a first precoding matrix; as well as The second device receives a second precoded signal from the first device, where the second precoded signal is encoded according to a second precoding matrix, and the second precoding matrix is ​​determined based on at least one column vector of the first precoding matrix.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the checking of the first precoded signal comprises at least one of the following: The data of the first precoded signal is erroneous, and a power variation of the signal of the first device received by the second device is greater than a first threshold; or The data error probability of the first precoded signal is higher than a second threshold.

13. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 12, further comprising: The second device receives at least one test signal from the first device; as well as The second device sends feedback information according to the at least one test signal.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the feedback information comprises at least one of the following: a signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; a normalized value of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first test signal; the index of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; the column vector corresponding to the first test signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio; or the relative received power of the column vector corresponding to the first test signal, The first test signal is associated with the column vector, and the at least one test signal includes the first test signal.

15. The method according to any one of claims 13-14, wherein: The test signal is generated from a quadrature signal.

16. A communication device comprising: A module or unit for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

17. A communication device comprising: A module or unit for executing the method according to any one of claims 11 to 15.

18. A communication device comprising: A processor is coupled to a memory storing instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the communication device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

19. A communication device comprising: A processor is coupled to a memory storing instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the communication device to perform the method according to any one of claims 11 to 15.

20. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or any one of claims 11 to 15.

21. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or any one of claims 11 to 15.

22. A communication system, comprising: a first device and a second device, The first device is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, The second device is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 11 to 15.

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