Offshore screw cylinder anchor and mounting method

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore screw cylinder anchor and an installation method. The offshore screw cylinder anchor is composed of a center pile, a screw piece, a screw cylinder and a spraying system. The screw barrel is additionally arranged outside the center pile according to the requirement for bearing capacity, the distance between the screw pieces is generally larger than the diameter of the screw pieces, the screw barrel and the screw pieces are welded into a whole along the outer edges of the screw pieces, and a spraying system is arranged in the center pile in order to facilitate installation during construction. Under the same load, the weight of the foundation can be greatly reduced, the requirement for installation equipment is lowered, high economical efficiency is achieved, the pulling resistance and pressure resistance of the pile foundation can be greatly improved, offshore rapid installation can be achieved, offshore construction resources are reduced, and the building and construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, and relates to an offshore screw barrel anchor and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous development of the offshore wind power field, the demand for anchoring foundation engineering technology in the offshore wind power field is also growing stronger and stronger. The anchoring forms applied in offshore anchoring projects mainly include pile foundations, cylindrical foundations, and pile-barrel composite foundations. With the increase in water depth and the development of larger wind turbines, to achieve the designed bearing capacity in the above-mentioned foundation forms, it is necessary to significantly increase the weight of steel structures, and the requirements for the installation equipment are also getting larger and larger, which hinders the need for the parity development of offshore wind power.

[0003] To solve the above problems, we propose an offshore screw barrel anchor and an installation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an offshore screw barrel anchor and an installation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, this form of foundation can significantly reduce the foundation weight under the same load, and the requirements for installation equipment are also reduced. It has high economy, can greatly increase the anti-pulling and anti-compression capabilities of the pile foundation, enables rapid offshore installation, reduces offshore construction resources, and lowers the construction and installation costs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An offshore screw barrel anchor is composed of a central pile, screw blades, a screw barrel, and a jetting system. The screw blades are welded spirally upward around the central pile. According to the bearing capacity requirements, a screw barrel is added externally. The spacing between the screw blades is generally greater than the diameter of the screw blades. The screw barrel is welded along the outer edge of the screw blades to form an integral body. To facilitate installation during construction, a jetting system is arranged inside the central pile.

[0006] The central pile part is the main structure. The length of the central pile is determined according to the bearing capacity and the design mud penetration depth requirements. A pile tip can be arranged at the bottom of the central pile to facilitate insertion into the soil.

[0007] The screw blade part can be designed in a single-layer screw blade type. Further, according to the strength and bearing capacity requirements, the screw blades can be set in a multi-layer screw blade type and a box-shaped structure. A strengthening structure can be made inside the box-shaped structure.

[0008] The screw barrel structure is generally a cylinder and is welded to the outer edge of the screw blades.

[0009] Installation method of marine screw barrel anchor: First, sink and fix the underwater positioning frame at sea, transport the screw barrel anchor to the designated sea area, lift the screw barrel anchor above the water surface using a crane and lifting tools, lower the screw barrel anchor, control the installation verticality and horizontality of the screw barrel anchor through the positioning frame. After meeting the design requirements, fix the screw barrel anchor with the drill sleeve, carry out rotary drilling, detect the torque data during the drilling process, and monitor the accuracy of the screw barrel anchor in real time. If it encounters a difficult drilling position, start the jetting system to wash away the soil in front of the screw blade box to achieve smooth drilling effect.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that the present invention can achieve are: A pile tip is provided at the bottom of the center pile, which is beneficial to increasing the self-weight penetration depth into the mud to keep the whole stable.

[0011] The combined action of the large-scale screw blade box and the external barrel greatly improves the uplift resistance, compression resistance and horizontal resistance of the screw barrel anchor, can greatly reduce the amount of steel structure used, and has high economy.

[0012] The large-scale screw blade box has a larger scale compared with the conventional screw blade, and the inside of the box can be strengthened to be able to withstand greater uplift force and pressure.

[0013] In the case of a large horizontal force, an external screw barrel can be added. The increase of the screw barrel increases the side projection area and can better provide horizontal resistance.

[0014] The jetting system can reduce the requirements for construction machinery. The high-speed water flow through the nozzle can wash away the soil or lubricate the soil to reduce the torque, thereby reducing the requirements for the drill. Description of the drawings

[0015] The following further explains this description in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the in-situ marine installation of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the center pile and screw blade of the structure; Figure 3 It is a top view sectional view of the stiffening plate of the screw barrel top plate in the structure; Figure 4 It is a top view sectional view of the right side of the screw blade in the structure; Figure 5 It is a top view sectional view of the left side of the screw blade in the structure; Figure 6 It is the structure Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the center pile at the position; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom connection structure of the structure; Figure 8 It is an elevation view of the installation structure of the structure; Figure 9 It is a top-down sectional view of the auxiliary structure for structure installation; Figure 10 It is an elevation view of the structure jetting system; Figure 11 It is a left-side top-down sectional view of the elevation of the structure jetting system; Figure 12 It is a right-side top-down sectional view of the elevation of the structure jetting system; Figure 13 It is an elevation view of the pipeline layout of the structure jetting system; Figure 14 It is a sectional view of the vertical pipe cross-section of the structure jetting pipeline.

[0017] Wherein: 1 - central pile; 2 - screw barrel; 3 - screw blade; 4 - bottom connection structure; 5 - jetting system; 6 - installation auxiliary structure; 7 - seabed mud surface; 8 - reinforcing gusset plate; 9 - top plate of the screw barrel; 31 - reinforcing rib plate; 41 - bottom connection sleeve; 42 - bottom connection pin shaft; 43 - pin shaft positioning screw; 44 - base; 51 - horizontal pipe of the jetting pipeline; 52 - sealing plate of the jetting pipeline; 53 - downward pipe of the jetting pipeline; 54 - vertical pipe of the jetting pipeline; 55 - supporting gusset plate of the jetting pipeline. Specific implementation manners

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0020] Below in conjunction with Figures 1-14 A marine screw barrel anchor and an installation method of the embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described.

[0021] As Figure 1, the installation diagram of the screw barrel anchor at sea, taking a certain project as an example, the bottom end of the screw barrel anchor center pile 1 is about 14m away from the seabed mud surface 7. The structure includes the center pile 1, screw barrel 2, screw blade 3, bottom connection structure 4, and jet system 5. The structure is connected and fixed to the Shanghai structure through anchor chain or cable. The screw barrel 2 is added according to the actual bearing capacity requirements, and its length or wall thickness is changed. The bearing capacity can also be increased by increasing the number and size of screw blades 3 to resist compression, tension and horizontal bearing. The bottom connection structure 4 is welded to the center pile 1, and the screw barrel 2 is welded and fixed to the center pile 1.

[0022] If Figure 2 , the spiral piece 3 is circumferentially welded and fixed on the outside of the center pile 1.

[0023] If Figures 3-6 , there is a reinforcing rib plate 8 on the screw barrel 2, and a reinforcing rib plate 31 is arranged inside the screw piece 3. The reinforcing rib plate 31 is fixedly welded to the outside of the center pile 1 and the inside of the screw piece 3 to increase the strength of the screw piece 3.

[0024] If Figure 7 , the bottom connection structure 4 is welded to the upper end of the center pile 1, and the bottom connection structure 4 is mainly composed of a bottom connection sleeve 41, a bottom connection pin 42; a pin positioning screw 43; and a base 44. The bottom connection pin 42 is inserted into the bottom connection sleeve 41 and fixed by inserting the pin positioning screw 43 at both ends. The base is set on the top of the center pile 1 and fixedly connected with the pin positioning screw 43 If Figures 8-9 , the installation auxiliary structure 6 is a hexagonal column, which is nested on the central pile 1. During construction, the construction machine drilling sleeve is fixed on the installation auxiliary structure 6 for drilling and lowering.

[0025] If Figures 10-14 , the spray system 5 is arranged and fixed inside the center pile 1, the vertical pipe 54 of the spray pipeline is fixed on the inner wall of the center pile 1 through the spray pipeline support bracket 55, the horizontal pipe 51 of the spray pipeline and the downward pipe 53 of the spray pipeline are arranged inside the spiral slice 3, and the initial position of the spiral slice 3 is provided with a nozzle.

[0026] Offshore screw anchor installation method: Step 1: Place the screw anchor and installation auxiliary tooling on the transport ship and transport them to the designated sea area. The ship drops anchor and releases the installation auxiliary tooling. The installation auxiliary tooling includes drill rod, pile turning tooling, lifting rigging and slewing ratchet. Use a crane to assemble and install the drill rod; Step 2: Lift the lower part of the drill pipe to the installation position by the deck crane. Place the upper end of the lower part of the drill pipe into the opened flipping tooling, and buckle and lock the flipping tooling. Connect the lower end of the lower part of the drill pipe to the rigging on the lifting frame, and tighten the rigging. Lower the deck crane and remove the lifting rigging. Then, place the rotary ratchet upright on an open area of the deck by the deck crane. Lift the upper part of the drill pipe and pass it through the rotary ratchet, and install the temporary working platform under the pile-turning tooling. Lift the upper part of the drill pipe to the installation position and align it with the lower part of the drill pipe. The operator connects the upper and lower parts of the drill pipe with bolts. Finally, the deck crane hoists the screw barrel anchor and the mooring anchor chain to the installation position of the lower part of the drill pipe, and pulls the mooring anchor chain through the drill pipe by the winch and fixes it at the top of the drill pipe. The drill pipe is installed in place; Step 3: Lower the screw barrel anchor into the water. After the screw barrel anchor and the drill pipe are assembled, the deck crane hangs the rigging to the top of the drill pipe. Retract the operation platform at the assembly position of the screw barrel anchor, connect the flushing pipeline at the top of the drill pipe, and lower the winch of the lifting frame. Make the screw barrel anchor and the drill pipe rotate around the flipping tooling as the axis, lower the screw barrel anchor into the water, and keep the drill pipe upright. During the lowering process, the deck crane follows the top of the drill pipe for adjustment, ensuring that the rigging is not stressed and the flushing pipeline is not damaged. After the screw barrel anchor and the drill pipe are flipped and lowered, loosen the steel wire rope of the winch of the lifting frame, and the diver removes the underwater connection end of the steel wire rope of the lifting frame; Step 4: The screw barrel anchor sinks into the mud by its own weight. The deck crane hoists the drill pipe and the screw barrel anchor. After the flipping tooling is not stressed, open the sleeve of the flipping tooling, adjust the deck crane, move the drill pipe out of the sleeve of the tooling, lower the hoisting height of the drill pipe, make the connection flange position of the drill pipe lower than the sleeve of the tooling, then move the drill pipe into the sleeve of the tooling, and close and lock the sleeve of the tooling. Adjust the anchor system of the working ship and position the screw barrel anchor according to the GPS data. After reaching the installation position, the deck crane lowers the drill pipe to make the screw barrel anchor sink into the mud by the weight of the structure; Step 5: Screw in the screw barrel anchor, remove the hoisting rigging at the top of the drill pipe, adjust the direction of the rotary ratchet and the cylinder base. Install and connect the cylinder and conduct inspections. Start the hydraulic system of the rotary ratchet and the flushing water pump of the screw barrel anchor, and check whether the data parameters such as pressure are normal; check whether the hydraulic and water pipelines leak. After everything is normal, control the operating system to screw in the screw barrel anchor. After the screw barrel anchor reaches the required installation depth, the installation of the screw barrel anchor is completed. Lift the drill pipe and recover the drill pipe and other tooling equipment.

[0027] In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the first feature being “above” or “below” the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being “above”, “over” and “on top of” the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being “under”, “beneath” and “underneath” the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

Claims

1. An offshore spiral barrel anchor, comprising a central pile (1), spiral blades (3), a spiral barrel (2) and a jet flushing system (5), characterized in that: The screw blade (3) can be designed as a single-layer screw blade type, a multi-layer screw blade type or a box-type structure. The screw blade (3) is circumferentially welded and fixed to the outside of the center pile (1). The outside of the screw blade (3) is provided with the screw barrel (2) for increasing the bearing capacity. The inner wall of the screw barrel (2) is welded to the screw blade (3). The upper end of the screw barrel (2) is provided with a screw barrel top plate (9). The screw barrel top plate (9) is welded to the center pile (1). The upper end of the center pile (1) is installed with a bottom connection structure (4). The center pile (1) is provided with the spray system (5) inside.

2. The offshore spiral drum anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom connection structure (4) is composed of a bottom connection sleeve (41), a bottom connection pin (42), a pin positioning screw (43) and a base (44); the bottom connection pin (42) is inserted into the bottom connection sleeve (41) and fixed by the pin positioning screws (43) inserted at both ends; the base is arranged on the top of the center pile (1) and is fixedly connected to the pin positioning screw (43).

3. The offshore spiral drum anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray system (5) comprises a spray pipeline horizontal pipe (51), a spray pipeline downward pipe (53), a spray pipeline vertical pipe (54), a spray pipeline sealing plate (52), a spray pipeline supporting bracket (55) and a nozzle. The spray pipeline vertical pipe (54) is fixed to the inner side of the central pile (1) along the height direction of the central pile (1) through the spray pipeline supporting bracket (55). The spray pipeline horizontal pipe (51) and the spray pipeline downward pipe (53) are arranged inside the spiral piece (3). The end of the spiral piece (3) is provided with a spray pipeline sealing plate (52). The initial position of the spiral piece (3) is provided with a nozzle.

4. A method for installing an offshore screw barrel anchor, using an offshore screw barrel anchor as claimed in claims 1-3, characterized in that: The installation method of the offshore screw barrel anchor comprises the following steps: Step S1: placing the screw barrel anchor and the auxiliary installation tooling on the transport ship, transporting them to the designated sea area, anchoring the ship in place, and releasing the fixing of the auxiliary installation tooling, which includes a drill rod, a pile turning tooling, a lifting rigging and a rotary ratchet, and using a crane to assemble and install the drill rod; Step S2: Use a crane to lift the lower part of the drill pipe to the installation position, place the upper end of the lower half of the drill pipe into the opened flipping fixture, and lock the flipping fixture. Connect the lower end of the lower half of the drill pipe to the rigging on the lifting frame, and tighten the rigging. Lower the crane and remove the lifting rigging. Then use the crane to stand the slewing ratchet to an open area on the deck, lift the upper part of the drill pipe and pass it through the slewing ratchet, and install the temporary work platform under the pile turning fixture. Lift the upper drill pipe to the installation position and align it with the lower drill pipe. The operator connects the upper and lower parts of the drill pipe with bolts. Finally, use the crane to lift the screw barrel anchor and mooring anchor chain to the installation position at the bottom of the drill pipe. Use the winch to pull the mooring anchor chain through the drill pipe and fix it to the top of the drill pipe. The drill pipe is installed in place; Step S3: Put the screw barrel anchor into water. After the screw barrel anchor and drill rod are assembled, crane the rigging to the top of the drill rod. Retract the screw barrel anchor assembly position operating platform, connect the jetting pipeline on the top of the drill rod, lower the hoisting frame winch, make the screw barrel anchor and drill rod use the flipping tool as the axis, lower the screw barrel anchor into the water, and make the drill rod upright. During the lowering process, crane is adjusted following the top of the drill rod. During the process, keep the rigging unstressed and the jetting pipeline undamaged. After the screw barrel anchor and drill rod are flipped and lowered, loosen the hoisting frame winch wire rope, and the diver removes the underwater connection end of the hoisting frame wire rope; Step S4: The screw barrel anchor is self-weighted into the mud. The crane lifts the drill pipe and the screw barrel anchor so that the flip tool is not subjected to force. Then, the flip tool sleeve is opened, the crane is adjusted, the drill pipe is moved out of the tool sleeve, the drill pipe lifting height is lowered, the drill pipe connection flange is lowered to a position lower than the tool sleeve, the drill pipe is moved into the tool sleeve, and the tool sleeve is tightened and locked. The anchor system of the operating vessel is adjusted, and the screw barrel anchor is positioned according to the GPS data. After reaching the installation position, the crane lowers the drill pipe so that the screw barrel anchor is self-weighted into the mud by the structure; Step S5: Screw in the screw anchor, remove the hoisting rigging on the top of the drill pipe, adjust the direction of the rotary ratchet and the cylinder base. Install and connect the cylinder and test it. Start the rotary ratchet hydraulic system and the screw anchor water jet pump to check whether the pressure and other data parameters are normal; check whether the hydraulic and water pipelines are leaking. When everything is normal, control the operating system to screw in the screw anchor. When the screw anchor reaches the installation depth requirement, the screw anchor is installed, the drill pipe is lifted, and the drill pipe and other tooling equipment are recovered.

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