Manual lifting type emergency seawater desalination device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a manual lifting type emergency seawater desalination device and method, and relates to the technical field of emergency seawater desalination, the device comprises a breathable waterproof membrane, a desalination cylinder penetrates through the inner and outer surfaces and is provided with a mounting hole, and a reverse osmosis membrane is hermetically arranged in the mounting hole; the water inlet assembly is detachably arranged at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder and is provided with a reverse osmosis membrane. The seawater desalination is completed by using the natural pressure of the seawater without depending on any external energy, and the seawater can be quickly and stably desalted to obtain fresh water under the emergency condition that the desalination supply is limited or interrupted. Air is used as a buffer isolation area in the desalination cylinder, so that direct influence of water pressure generated in the seawater desalination process on the reverse osmosis membrane and the breathable waterproof membrane is reduced, and the two membranes are protected from being damaged; and after the desalination operation is completed, residual air in the desalination cylinder not only prevents fresh water from overflowing, but also can realize a sealing effect, so that the device is simplified, and an additional sealing structure is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of emergency seawater desalination, and in particular to a manpower-lifting emergency seawater desalination device and method. Background Art

[0002] When working on islands or at sea, efficient access to fresh water is critical in the face of emergencies such as natural disasters, equipment failures, or water supply interruptions. Traditional desalination equipment usually relies on electricity or other complex mechanical systems, which not only increases the complexity and weight of the equipment, but also makes it difficult to quickly deploy and use in emergency situations, or even impossible to use.

[0003] In view of this, how to provide a seawater desalination device with a simple structure and convenient operation is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a human-lift emergency seawater desalination device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a human-lift emergency seawater desalination device, comprising: a desalination cylinder, which is a cylinder with an upper opening;

[0006] A breathable waterproof membrane, the desalination cylinder is provided with a mounting hole through the inner and outer surfaces, and the breathable waterproof membrane is sealed in the mounting hole;

[0007] The water inlet assembly is detachably arranged at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder, and the water inlet assembly has a reverse osmosis membrane.

[0008] Furthermore, the desalination cylinder is provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the circumferential direction through the inner and outer surfaces, the plurality of mounting holes are evenly spaced, and a first sealing strip is provided between the breathable and waterproof membrane and the mounting holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the water inlet assembly comprises:

[0010] A connecting part is detachably arranged at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder, the top end of which is in communication with the outside, and the bottom end of which is in communication with the desalination cylinder, and the reverse osmosis membrane is arranged near the top end of the connecting part;

[0011] The screen is arranged at the top end of the connecting portion.

[0012] Furthermore, a second sealing strip is provided at the connection between the reverse osmosis membrane and the connection part.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting portion is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the desalination cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0015] A pull rope, one end of which is connected to the desalination cartridge and / or the water inlet assembly;

[0016] The counterweight chamber is arranged at the bottom of the desalination cylinder and is used for placing the counterweight.

[0017] The present invention also provides a human-lift emergency seawater desalination method, and a device using the human-lift emergency seawater desalination method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1: Place the manpower-lifting emergency seawater desalination device into the seawater and sink it downwards;

[0019] S2: The external seawater pressure gradually increases, and the first part of the air inside the desalination cylinder escapes through the breathable and waterproof membrane;

[0020] S3: When the lifting emergency seawater desalination device sinks to the preset depth, the pressure difference on both sides of the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the working pressure, the seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis membrane to form fresh water and enter the desalination cylinder, and the second part of the air inside the desalination cylinder escapes through the breathable waterproof membrane;

[0021] S4; when the fresh water in the desalination cylinder reaches a preset amount of water and / or after a preset desalination time, the remaining air in the desalination cylinder isolates the fresh water from the reverse osmosis membrane; the other end of the pull rope is pulled to recover the manpower-lifting emergency seawater desalination device;

[0022] S5: Remove the water inlet assembly to obtain fresh water.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention utilizes the natural pressure of seawater to complete seawater desalination, does not rely on any external energy, and can be placed in seawater for a period of time and then recovered by manpower. In emergency situations where the desalination supply is limited or interrupted, seawater can be desalinated quickly and stably to obtain fresh water.

[0025] 2. The air in the desalination cylinder is used as a buffer isolation zone to reduce the direct impact of the water pressure generated during the seawater desalination process on the reverse osmosis membrane and the breathable waterproof membrane, protecting the two membranes from damage; after the desalination operation is completed, the remaining air inside the desalination cylinder not only avoids the overflow of fresh water, but also achieves a sealing effect, simplifies the device, and does not require an additional sealing structure.

[0026] 3. The breathable waterproof membrane selectively allows air to pass through while preventing water molecules from passing through, making it easier for air to pass through and inhale, helping to maintain the air pressure balance inside the container and preventing excessive air pressure from being generated inside the container. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Among them, 1. second sealing strip; 2. reverse osmosis membrane; 3. first sealing strip; 4. breathable and waterproof membrane; 5. desalination cylinder; 6. connecting part; 7. screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides a human-lift emergency seawater desalination device, comprising:

[0034] The desalination cylinder 5 is a cylinder with an upper opening;

[0035] The breathable waterproof membrane 4 and the desalination cylinder 5 are provided with mounting holes through the inner and outer surfaces, and the breathable waterproof membrane 4 is sealed and arranged in the mounting holes;

[0036] The water inlet assembly is detachably arranged at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder 5 , and the water inlet assembly has a reverse osmosis membrane 2 .

[0037] In this embodiment, a plurality of mounting holes are opened in the circumferential direction through the inner and outer surfaces of the desalination cylinder 5 . The plurality of mounting holes are evenly spaced. A first sealing strip 3 is provided between the breathable and waterproof membrane 4 and the mounting holes.

[0038] In this embodiment, the water inlet assembly includes:

[0039] The connecting part 6 is detachably arranged at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder 5, the top end of which is connected to the outside, and the bottom end is connected to the desalination cylinder 5, and the reverse osmosis membrane 2 is arranged near the top end of the connecting part 6;

[0040] The screen 7 is arranged at the top of the connecting part 6 .

[0041] In this embodiment, a second sealing strip 1 is provided at the connection between the reverse osmosis membrane 2 and the connection part 6 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the connection portion 6 is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the desalination cylinder 5 .

[0043] In this embodiment, it also includes:

[0044] A pull rope, one end of which is connected to the desalination cylinder 5 and / or the water inlet assembly, and the other end is fixed manually. The pull rope should be made of corrosion-resistant high-strength material to avoid breakage during lowering and retracting;

[0045] The counterweight chamber is arranged at the bottom of the desalination cylinder 5 for placing counterweights. The counterweight chamber is provided with a sealed door body that can be opened and closed. When the equipment needs to be sunk into the seawater to obtain fresh water, the counterweight chamber can be opened and natural counterweights such as stones can be placed in the counterweight chamber for easy daily storage and carrying, thereby reducing the weight of the equipment. For safety reasons, counterweights such as iron blocks can also be placed in the counterweight chamber in advance. The weight of the counterweight should ensure that the entire device can sink to a sufficient depth in the seawater.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for emergency seawater desalination by human-lifting method, which uses the above-mentioned device for emergency seawater desalination by human-lifting method, and comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1: Connect the connection part 6 to the cylinder, check the overall sealing of the equipment, place the human-lift emergency seawater desalination device into the seawater, and the device sinks rapidly under the influence of the counterweight chamber;

[0048] S2: As the sedimentation depth gradually increases, the seawater pressure outside the device gradually increases. The external high-pressure environment causes the normal-pressure air in the container to escape, and the escape speed gradually slows down as the pressure increases. The first part of the air inside the desalination cylinder 5 escapes through the breathable waterproof membrane 4;

[0049] S3: When the pressure difference on both sides of the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the minimum working pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane, the reverse osmosis membrane starts to work. When the lifting emergency seawater desalination device sinks to the preset depth, the pressure difference on both sides of the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the working pressure, and the seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis membrane 2 to form fresh water and enter the desalination cylinder 5. During the process, the second part of the air inside the desalination cylinder 5 continues to escape through the breathable waterproof membrane 4; when the fresh water level rises above the breathable waterproof membrane 4, the air escape stops, and the remaining air in the desalination cylinder 5 is continuously compressed as the fresh water level rises, and the air pressure in the container slowly increases;

[0050] S4; when the fresh water in the desalination cylinder 5 reaches a preset water volume and / or after a preset desalination time, the remaining air in the desalination cylinder 5 has been compressed to form high-pressure air, and the high-pressure air isolates the fresh water in the desalination cylinder 5 from the reverse osmosis membrane 2, so that the fresh water cannot diffuse into the seawater through the reverse osmosis membrane 2; the other end of the pull rope is pulled to recover the manpower-lifting emergency seawater desalination device;

[0051] S5: Separate the connecting part 6 from the desalination cylinder 5 to obtain fresh water.

[0052] Experimental example

[0053] Experimental conditions:

[0054]

[0055] The selected reverse osmosis membrane 2 is E-MEMSW reverse osmosis membrane 2, and the relevant parameters are as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the table, GDF refers to water production per square foot per day.

[0058] The selected breathable waterproof membrane 4 is a typical industrial-grade ePTFE composite membrane, and its relevant parameters are as follows:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] In the table, k 0 is the permeability coefficient at 20 bar, P c The critical pressure is 20 bar;

[0062] According to WHO recommendations, the minimum daily water consumption per person is 20L. Assuming that the daily water consumption per person is 25L, if only the fresh water produced by working at 550m is considered, and the influence of air on the preparation process is ignored, it only takes about 6 minutes to produce 25L of fresh water using the above device.

[0063] If we consider the effect of the residual gas amount in the container on the desalination process when the device is working. During the sedimentation process, air escapes through the breathable waterproof membrane 4. When the water depth reaches 200m (about 20bar), the escape rate is about 5.6L / h. As the pressure increases, the escape rate gradually slows down. When it reaches 550m (about 55bar), the escape rate drops to 5.39L / h. Although the rate has not changed much, the air permeability under unit pressure has dropped from 10L / (m2·h·bar) to 3.5L / (m2·h·bar), and the drop is significant. In fact, in order to prevent too much residual air from slowing down the desalination rate, we can stay longer in the low-pressure area.

[0064] In summary, the device disclosed in this embodiment can quickly produce fresh water, and the amount of air escape is reasonable and can be achieved. In actual use, the size of the container can be changed according to the water demand.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0066] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A human-lift emergency seawater desalination device, characterized in that: include: The desalination cylinder (5) is a cylinder with an upper opening; A breathable waterproof membrane (4), the desalination cylinder (5) is provided with a mounting hole through the inner and outer surfaces, and the breathable waterproof membrane (4) is sealed and arranged in the mounting hole; A water inlet assembly is detachably arranged at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder (5), and the water inlet assembly has a reverse osmosis membrane (2).

2. The human-lift emergency seawater desalination device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The desalination cylinder (5) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes penetrating the inner and outer surfaces along the circumferential direction. The plurality of mounting holes are arranged at even intervals. A first sealing strip (3) is arranged between the breathable and waterproof membrane (4) and the mounting holes.

3. The human-lift emergency seawater desalination device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water inlet assembly comprises: A connecting portion (6) is detachably arranged at the upper opening of the desalination cylinder (5), the top end of which is in communication with the outside, and the bottom end of which is in communication with the desalination cylinder (5), and the reverse osmosis membrane (2) is arranged near the top end of the connecting portion (6); The screen (7) is arranged at the top end of the connecting portion (6).

4. The human-lift emergency seawater desalination device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A second sealing strip (1) is provided at the connection between the reverse osmosis membrane (2) and the connection portion (6).

5. The human-lift emergency seawater desalination device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting portion (6) is threadedly connected to the upper opening of the desalination cylinder (5).

6. A manpower-lifting emergency seawater desalination device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A pull rope, one end of which is connected to the desalination cartridge (5) and / or the water inlet assembly; A counterweight chamber is arranged at the bottom of the desalination cylinder (5) and is used for placing a counterweight.

7. A human-lift emergency seawater desalination method, characterized in that: The human-lift emergency seawater desalination device according to claim 6 comprises the following steps: S1: Place the manpower-lifting emergency seawater desalination device into the seawater and sink it downwards; S2: the external seawater pressure gradually increases, and the first part of the air inside the desalination cylinder (5) escapes through the breathable waterproof membrane (4); S3: When the lifting emergency seawater desalination device sinks to a preset depth, the pressure difference on both sides of the reverse osmosis membrane reaches the working pressure, the seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis membrane (2) to form fresh water and enter the desalination cylinder (5), and the second part of the air inside the desalination cylinder (5) escapes through the breathable waterproof membrane (4); S4; when the fresh water in the desalination cylinder (5) reaches a preset water volume and / or after a preset desalination time, the remaining air in the desalination cylinder (5) isolates the fresh water from the reverse osmosis membrane (2); the other end of the pull rope is pulled to recover the manpower-lifting emergency seawater desalination device; S5: Remove the water inlet assembly to obtain fresh water.

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