Organic fertilizer for improving acidity of soil

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity, which comprises the following components: 50-55 parts of an organic material, 15-20 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 10-13 parts of dolomite powder, 2.2-2.6 parts of a microbial agent, 1.1-1.3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1.6-2.2 parts of an auxiliary material and 0.5-0.9 part of a leavening agent, compared with a traditional lime improvement method, the organic fertilizer provided by the invention does not cause the hardening phenomenon of soil, so that the acid-base balance of the soil is more effectively adjusted and maintained, and compared with the existing organic fertilizer in the current market, the organic fertilizer shows a more excellent effect in the aspect of improving the acidity of the soil, and has a good application prospect. According to the organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention, the use amount of a chemical fertilizer is effectively reduced by providing lasting and stable nutrient supply, so that the planting cost of farmers is further reduced, and meanwhile, the organic fertilizer fully utilizes organic wastes and realizes recycling of resources, so that not only is environmental protection facilitated, but also the sustainable development of agriculture is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity. Background Art

[0002] Kumquat, also known as golden date or kumquat, belongs to the genus Kumquat of the Rutaceae family and is an evergreen shrub or small tree. Due to its unique flavor and rich nutritional value, kumquat has become an important economic crop and distinctive fruit variety in the southern region. However, some soils face the challenge of excessive acidity, which will reduce the effectiveness of certain key nutrients in the soil, and thus have an adverse effect on the growth, development, yield and quality of kumquat. In the past, traditional methods such as applying lime were often used to adjust soil acidity. Although this method can alleviate soil acidification to a certain extent, it may also cause negative effects such as soil hardening. Although there are some organic fertilizers on the market that can be used to improve soil acidity, they are not outstanding in effect and it is difficult to accurately meet the special nutritional needs of kumquat during its growth. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide an organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity, thereby solving the problem of excessively high soil acidity and lack of nutrition.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: an organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity, the organic fertilizer is composed of the following components: 50-55 parts of organic materials, 15-20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 10-13 parts of dolomite powder, 2.2-2.6 parts of microbial agents, 1.1-1.3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1.6-2.2 parts of auxiliary materials and 0.5-0.9 parts of fermentation agent, the organic materials are composed of decomposed chicken manure, corn stalks and urea, the microbial agent is Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the auxiliary material is honey.

[0005] The production process of this organic fertilizer is as follows:

[0006] Step S1, pretreatment and preparation of raw materials: preparing and pretreating organic materials to obtain organic materials, and screening calcium magnesium phosphate through an 80-mesh sieve for particle screening, selecting dolomite powder with a fineness of ≥200 mesh, and diluting honey as an auxiliary material to a concentration of 30%;

[0007] Step S2, stirring and mixing the materials: pouring the treated organic materials, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and dolomite powder into a double-shaft mixer, stirring at a rate of 20 to 30 r / min for 30 to 40 min to obtain material A, and transferring material A to a fermentation tank for fermentation;

[0008] Step S3, fermentation of the material: during the fermentation process, auxiliary materials such as molasses are added as a nutrient source for microorganisms, the temperature inside the fermentation tank is maintained at 55-65° C., the fermentation lasts for 7-10 days, a compost turning machine is used to turn the compost once a day, and a fermentation agent is added, and water is sprayed into the fermentation tank using a water spraying device, and the humidity is controlled at 50-60%. After fermentation, aging is performed, and the temperature naturally drops to obtain material B;

[0009] Step S4, granulation of the material: the material B is put into the disc granulator for extrusion granulation, the rotation speed of the disc granulator is 15-25r / min, the temperature of the drying stage of granulation is 55-60°C, and the organic fertilizer is obtained after the granulation is completed.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the specific steps of making the organic material are as follows:

[0011] Step S1.1, crush corn stalks into 2-5 cm, pour corn stalks and dry chicken manure into a stirring container, add 5-10 kg of urea, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to below 40, water thoroughly to make the moisture content reach about 50%, then cover the film and pile for 2-3 days to ensure that the materials are evenly moistened;

[0012] Step S1.2, dilute and mix the fermentation agent with an appropriate amount of rice bran, the ratio of the fermentation agent to the rice bran is 1:2.5, and prepare an incremental bacterial agent. The fermentation agent used in the process is the bacterial solution of Junma special organic fertilizer fermentation agent, and the mixed bacterial solution is evenly spread on the mixed mixture of straw and chicken manure. This process is called inoculation;

[0013] Step S1.3, after the inoculation is completed, the material is piled up to a height of 1 to 1.5 cm, covered with a breathable cover, and the first fermentation and the second fermentation are carried out. During the first fermentation, the heat preservation and moisture retention measures are strengthened to make the fermentation temperature reach 45 to 50° C. When white mycelium appears on the surface of the fermented material, the first turning of the pile is carried out. After entering the second fermentation period, the water content of the fermented material is controlled at about 60%. When the water content is insufficient, 5% urea solution is added, and the fermentation is continued until the temperature reaches 65° C. and maintained for two weeks, or 60° C. is maintained for three weeks, and the fermentation is basically stopped;

[0014] Step S1.4: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is dried and then stored in a ventilated and dry place to obtain an organic material.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1.1, the ratio of corn stalks to dry chicken manure is 2.5:1.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of material A is 25 to 30:1.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, the fermentation process is carried out with an air volume of 0.5 m 3 / min·m 3 The material is ventilated inwardly.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the aging stage after fermentation is 20 to 30 days, and the material is piled up to a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, 5% bentonite is added as a binder during the granulation process.

[0020] Preferably, in step S4, the moisture content of the finished product after granulation is ≤15%, the pH of the finished product is between 6.5 and 7.5, the organic matter content is ≥45%, and the effective viable bacteria count is ≥200 million / g.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1.4, the moisture content of the material after drying reaches 38-42%.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] Compared with the traditional lime improvement method, the organic fertilizer proposed by the present invention will not cause soil hardening, thereby more effectively regulating and maintaining the acid-base balance of the soil. Compared with the organic fertilizers currently available on the market, the organic fertilizer shows a more outstanding effect in improving soil acidity, and by providing a long-lasting and stable nutrient supply, it effectively reduces the use of chemical fertilizers, thereby reducing farmers' planting costs. At the same time, the organic fertilizer makes full use of organic waste and realizes the recycling of resources, which not only contributes to environmental protection, but also promotes the sustainable development of agriculture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity, the organic fertilizer is composed of the following components: 50-55 parts of organic materials, 15-20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 10-13 parts of dolomite powder, 2.2-2.6 parts of microbial agents, 1.1-1.3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1.6-2.2 parts of auxiliary materials, 0.5-0.9 parts of fermentation agent, the organic materials are composed of decomposed chicken manure, corn stalks and urea, the microbial agent is Lactobacillus acidophilus, the auxiliary material is honey, which is used as a carbon source, the microbial agent and the molasses as the auxiliary material are premixed and activated, and the production process of the organic fertilizer is as follows:

[0026] Step S1, pretreatment and preparation of raw materials: preparing and pretreating organic materials to obtain organic materials, and at the same time, screening the calcium magnesium phosphate through an 80-mesh sieve for particle screening, selecting dolomite powder with a fineness of ≥200 mesh, and diluting honey as an auxiliary material to a concentration of 30%. The specific preparation steps of the organic materials are as follows;

[0027] Step S1.1, crush corn stalks to 2-5 cm, and pour corn stalks and dry chicken manure into a stirring container, the ratio of corn stalks to dry chicken manure is 2.5:1, and 5-10 kg of urea is added at the same time, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) is adjusted to below 40, and water is fully applied to make the moisture content reach about 50%, and then the film is covered and the pile is covered for 2-3 days to ensure that the material is evenly moistened;

[0028] Step S1.2, dilute and mix the fermentation agent with an appropriate amount of rice bran, the ratio of the fermentation agent to the rice bran is 1:2.5, and prepare an incremental bacterial agent. The fermentation agent used in the process is the bacterial solution of Junma special organic fertilizer fermentation agent, and the mixed bacterial solution is evenly spread on the mixed mixture of straw and chicken manure to ensure that the bacterial solution can be evenly adsorbed on the fermented material. This process is called inoculation;

[0029] Step S1.3, after the inoculation is completed, the material is piled up to a height of 1 to 1.5 cm, covered with a breathable cover, and the first fermentation and the second fermentation are carried out. During the first fermentation, the heat preservation and moisture retention measures are strengthened to make the fermentation temperature reach 45 to 50° C. When white mycelium appears on the surface of the fermented material, the first turning of the pile is carried out. After entering the second fermentation period, the water content of the fermented material is controlled at about 60%. When the water content is insufficient, 5% urea solution can be added. The fermentation is continued until the temperature reaches 65° C. and maintained for two weeks, or 60° C. is maintained for three weeks, and the fermentation can basically be stopped;

[0030] Step S1.4, after fermentation is completed, the fermented material is dried to make the moisture content reach 38-42%, and then stored in a ventilated and dry place to obtain an organic material;

[0031] Step S2, stirring and mixing the materials: pouring the treated organic materials, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and dolomite powder into a double-shaft mixer, stirring at a rate of 20 to 30 r / min for 30 to 40 min to obtain material A, transferring material A to a fermentation tank for fermentation, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of material A is 25 to 30:1;

[0032] Step S3, fermentation of materials: During the fermentation process, auxiliary materials such as molasses are added as a nutrient source for microorganisms. The temperature inside the fermentation tank is maintained at 55-65°C. A temperature and humidity sensor is set inside the fermentation tank to monitor the internal temperature and humidity. The fermentation lasts for 7-10 days. During the fermentation process, the air volume is 0.5m 3 / min·m 3The material is ventilated inside, turned over once a day using a compost turning machine, and fermentation agent is added. Water is sprayed into the fermentation tank using a water spraying device. The humidity is controlled at 50-60%. The aging stage after fermentation is 20-30 days. The material is piled up to 1.2-1.5 m high, and the temperature drops naturally to obtain material B.

[0033] Step S4, granulation of the material: feeding material B into a disc granulator for extrusion granulation, the disc granulator rotating speed is 15-25r / min, 5% bentonite is added as a binder during the granulation process, the temperature of the drying stage of the granulation is 55-60° C. to avoid killing the microorganisms, and the organic fertilizer is obtained after the granulation is completed, the moisture content of the finished product is ≤15%, the pH value of the finished product is between 6.5 and 7.5, the organic matter content is ≥45%, and the effective viable bacteria count is ≥200 million / g.

[0034] Example:

[0035] An implementation case was conducted at the Rong'an Simei kumquat plantation in Yayao Township, Rong'an County, Guangxi. 50 mu of fruit trees were selected. Depending on the size of the fruit trees, the amount of fertilizer applied to each fruit tree was between 10-30 catties. There were about 70 trees per mu, and the amount of fertilizer applied per mu was about 1,500 catties. The fertilization method was broadcasting, that is, organic fertilizer (ingredients and proportions are shown in Table 1) was evenly spread on the soil surface on both sides of the fruit trees. The amount of fertilizer and frequency of fertilization can be appropriately adjusted according to actual conditions at different growth stages of kumquats (as shown in Table 2).

[0036] Table 1. Raw material formula and ratio

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Table 2. Kumquat growth stage division and fertilization plan

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Key adjustment basis and parameters

[0043] Differentiated fertilization based on tree age: For young trees (1-3 years old), the focus is on root promotion, and the amount of single fertilizer application is reduced by 30%. Humic acid (3-5 kg / mu) is added to promote root development. For mature trees (over 4 years old), fertilization is applied according to the upper limit, with a focus on supplementing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (additional 10 kg / mu). In the rainy season (April-July), the amount of single fertilizer application is reduced by 10%, and the number of times is increased (such as from 2 to 3 times in the young fruit stage), rain erosion is avoided, and anti-leaching solvents (such as 2% sodium alginate) are added to reduce nutrient loss. In the dry season (August-September), drip irrigation is performed immediately after fertilization, and the water volume is controlled at 20m 3 / mu, humidity maintained at 60%-65%. If soil pH is less than 5.5, add dolomite powder (50kg / mu) mixed with organic fertilizer in the late harvest period. If pH is greater than 6.5, reduce the amount of dolomite powder and use rice husk charcoal (30kg / mu) for regulation. After three consecutive years of application, if soil organic matter is greater than 3%, the amount of organic fertilizer can be reduced by 20%, and biochar-based fertilizer can be used to replace part of the raw materials. The implementation effect is shown as follows (Table 3):

[0044] Table 3. Comparison of implementation effects (50 mu test field data)

[0045]

[0046] The above experiments have significantly proved that the fertilizer can increase crop yields. Compared with traditional lime improvement, it will not cause soil compaction, can better regulate soil pH and maintain stability. Compared with existing organic fertilizers, it has a more significant effect on soil acidity improvement. It can simultaneously meet the specific nutritional needs of kumquat growth, improve the yield and quality of kumquat, provide long-term nutrients, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce planting costs, and use organic waste to achieve resource recycling. It is more environmentally friendly and sustainable. It is developed according to the local conditions of Rong'an County, has stronger adaptability, and can play a stable role in the local area.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is composed of the following ingredients: 50-55 parts of organic materials, 15-20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 10-13 parts of dolomite powder, 2.2-2.6 parts of microbial agents, 1.1-1.3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1.6-2.2 parts of auxiliary materials and 0.5-0.9 parts of fermentation agent, the organic materials are composed of decomposed chicken manure, corn stalks and urea, the microbial agent is Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the auxiliary material is honey.

2. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The production process of this organic fertilizer is as follows: Step S1, pretreatment and preparation of raw materials: preparing and pretreating organic materials to obtain organic materials, and screening calcium magnesium phosphate through an 80-mesh sieve for particle screening, selecting dolomite powder with a fineness of ≥200 mesh, and diluting honey as an auxiliary material to a concentration of 30%; Step S2, stirring and mixing the materials: pouring the treated organic materials, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and dolomite powder into a double-shaft mixer, stirring at a rate of 20 to 30 r / min for 30 to 40 min to obtain material A, and transferring material A to a fermentation tank for fermentation; Step S3, fermentation of the material: during the fermentation process, auxiliary materials such as molasses are added as a nutrient source for microorganisms, the temperature inside the fermentation tank is maintained at 55-65° C., the fermentation lasts for 7-10 days, a compost turning machine is used to turn the compost once a day, and a fermentation agent is added, and water is sprayed into the fermentation tank using a water spraying device, and the humidity is controlled at 50-60%. After fermentation, aging is performed, and the temperature naturally drops to obtain material B; Step S4, granulation of the material: the material B is put into the disc granulator for extrusion granulation, the rotation speed of the disc granulator is 15-25r / min, the temperature of the drying stage of granulation is 55-60°C, and the organic fertilizer is obtained after the granulation is completed.

3. A kind of organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: In step S1, the specific steps of making the organic material are as follows: Step S1.1, crush corn stalks into 2-5 cm, pour corn stalks and dry chicken manure into a stirring container, add 5-10 kg of urea, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to below 40, water thoroughly to make the moisture content reach about 50%, then cover the film and pile for 2-3 days to ensure that the materials are evenly moistened; Step S1.2, dilute and mix the fermentation agent with an appropriate amount of rice bran, the ratio of the fermentation agent to the rice bran is 1:2.5, and prepare an incremental bacterial agent. The fermentation agent used in the process is the bacterial solution of Junma special organic fertilizer fermentation agent, and the mixed bacterial solution is evenly spread on the mixed mixture of straw and chicken manure. This process is called inoculation; Step S1.3, after the inoculation is completed, the material is piled up to a height of 1 to 1.5 cm, covered with a breathable cover, and the first fermentation and the second fermentation are carried out. During the first fermentation, the heat preservation and moisture retention measures are strengthened to make the fermentation temperature reach 45 to 50° C. When white mycelium appears on the surface of the fermented material, the first turning of the pile is carried out. After entering the second fermentation period, the water content of the fermented material is controlled at about 60%. When the water content is insufficient, 5% urea solution is added, and the fermentation is continued until the temperature reaches 65° C. and maintained for two weeks, or 60° C. is maintained for three weeks, and the fermentation is basically stopped; Step S1.4: After the fermentation is completed, the fermented material is dried and then stored in a ventilated and dry place to obtain an organic material.

4. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S1.1, the ratio of corn stalks to dry chicken manure is 2.5:

1.

5. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of material A is 25 to 30:

1.

6. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the fermentation process is carried out with an air volume of 0.5 m 3 / min·m 3 The material is ventilated inwards.

7. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the aging stage after fermentation is 20 to 30 days, and the material is piled up to a height of 1.2 to 1.5 m.

8. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S4, 5% bentonite is added as a binder during the granulation process.

9. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the moisture content of the finished product after granulation is ≤15%, the pH of the finished product is between 6.5 and 7.5, the organic matter content is ≥45%, and the effective viable bacteria count is ≥200 million / g.

10. An organic fertilizer for improving soil acidity according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S1.4, the moisture content of the material after drying reaches 38-42%.

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