Preparation method and application of auricularia fuscosuccinea residue bio-fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an auricularia fuscosuccinea mushroom dreg bio-fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: mixing crushed corn straw, sawdust, wheat bran, soybean meal, lime and light calcium carbonate, and adding water to obtain a blended auricularia fuscosuccinea culture medium; putting into a polystyrene culture bag, and sterilizing at 105 DEG C under normal pressure to obtain a sterilized auricularia fuscosuccinea culture medium; inoculating auricularia fuscosuccinea strains under a sterile condition, and culturing for 30 days at the temperature of 22-25 DEG C and the humidity of 80%-85% to obtain fungus bags; after the auricularia fuscosuccinea is mature, the auricularia fuscosuccinea is harvested, and the remaining culture medium serves as the auricularia fuscosuccinea residue biological fertilizer. The invention further provides application, and the auricularia fuscosuccinea mushroom dreg bio-fertilizer is returned to the field and used for tomato planting. According to the method, the mushroom dregs generated in the process of cultivating the auricularia fuscosuccinea by the corn straws can be effectively utilized, the soil fertility and structure can be improved, and the method has wide application prospects and relatively high economic and ecological values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Auricularia auriculariae fungus residue, and in particular relates to a preparation method of Auricularia auriculariae fungus residue biofertilizer and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a widely cultivated edible fungus, wood chips and other organic materials are traditionally used as substrates in the cultivation process of Auricularia auricula. However, with the increasing demand for the utilization of agricultural waste, more and more studies have begun to explore the use of corn stalks as a cultivation substrate for Auricularia auricula in recent years. Corn stalks are a cheap and readily available agricultural byproduct with a good physical structure, making them suitable as a cultivation substrate for edible fungi. Compared with traditional wood chips, corn stalks can not only provide sufficient nutrition for Auricularia auricula, but also reduce the consumption of wood resources, and have better environmental benefits.

[0003] In the cultivation process of Auricularia auricula, corn stalks are chopped, sterilized, and mixed with other organic substances to form a cultivation matrix. This matrix can provide sufficient nutritional support for Auricularia auricula, especially in the early stage of mycelium growth. The rich cellulose and organic matter in the stalks provide a stable growth environment for Auricularia auricula. During the infection process of mycelium, the stalks can effectively promote the growth of mycelium and ensure the high yield of Auricularia auricula.

[0004] However, after using corn stalks as the cultivation substrate, the fungus residue (i.e. the residue of the stalks after the mycelium has grown) produced during the cultivation of Auricularia auricula has become a potential resource problem. Traditionally, these fungus residues are usually simply treated and discarded as waste, or simply composted. However, these fungus residues are still rich in organic matter, and if they can be effectively utilized, they will play an important role in improving soil quality.

[0005] At present, there are still some shortcomings in the technology of returning the straw residue of Auricularia auricula to the fields. For example, the straw residue decomposes slowly and has poor fertilizer sustainability. Untreated straw residue may cause an imbalance of certain components in the soil and even affect the health of the soil. Therefore, how to improve the fertilizer efficiency of straw residue through scientific treatment methods and optimize its return effect in different soils is still a problem that needs to be solved in the current agricultural field.

[0006] In summary, how to efficiently use corn straw as a substrate in the cultivation process of Auricularia auricula and further effectively improve the soil with the mushroom residue after cultivation has become an important direction for improving agricultural productivity and realizing waste resource utilization. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation method and application of a wood ear mushroom residue biofertilizer in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The wood ear mushroom residue biofertilizer can effectively utilize the mushroom residue produced in the process of cultivating wood ear with corn straw, and can improve soil fertility and structure, and has broad application prospects and high economic and ecological value.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for preparing auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer, the method comprising:

[0009] S1, mixing corn stalk crushed material, sawdust, wheat bran, soybean meal, lime and light calcium carbonate to obtain a fungus cultivation medium, and then adding water to obtain a prepared fungus cultivation medium;

[0010] The jade fungus cultivation matrix is ​​mixed with the following raw materials in mass fractions: 20% corn stalk crushed material, 60% sawdust, 15% wheat bran, 3% soybean meal, 1% lime, and the balance is light calcium carbonate;

[0011] S2, placing the prepared Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S1 into a polypropylene culture bag, sterilizing it at normal pressure at a temperature of 105° C. for 10 h, and naturally cooling it to room temperature to obtain a sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate;

[0012] S3. Under aseptic conditions, inoculating the Auricularia auricula strain into the sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S2, and culturing the substrate at a temperature of 22° C. to 25° C. and a humidity of 80% to 85% for 30 days to obtain a fungus bag;

[0013] S4. Puncture holes in the fungus bag obtained in S3 and culture the fungus at a temperature of 22° C. to 25° C. and a humidity of 85% to 95% until the fungus matures, then harvest the fungus and use the remaining culture medium as fungus residue biofertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, the corn stalk crushed material in S1 is corn stalk crushed to a length less than 5 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the moisture content of the prepared Auricularia auricularia cultivation medium described in S1 is 60% to 65%.

[0016] The present invention also provides application of the Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer prepared by the preparation method. The Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer is returned to the field and used for tomato planting.

[0017] Preferably, the Auricularia auriculariae residue bio-fertilizer is mixed with soil and then returned to the field, the amount of the Auricularia auriculariae residue bio-fertilizer is 2% to 5% of the soil mass, and the depth of returning to the field is 3 cm to 10 cm.

[0018] Preferably, the Auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer is used to increase the vitamin C content of tomatoes and increase tomato yield.

[0019] Preferably, the Auricularia auricularia residue biofertilizer is used to improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. Increase the content of soil organic matter: The mushroom residue is rich in organic matter. By returning it to the field and applying it, it can effectively increase the content of soil organic matter, improve soil fertility and microbial activity, and help promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0022] 2. Improve soil structure: The fungus residue is rich in humus and trace elements, which can effectively improve the soil aggregate structure, increase soil permeability, avoid soil compaction and acidification, and enhance the long-term cultivation capacity of the soil.

[0023] 3. Improve water retention capacity: The rich organic matter in the mushroom residue can form a good water retention environment in the soil, reduce water evaporation loss, and help the growth of crops under drought conditions.

[0024] 4. Realize resource utilization of agricultural waste: The present invention reuses the residue produced after the cultivation of Auricularia auricula as fertilizer, which effectively solves the problem of waste disposal in the cultivation process and conforms to the concepts of green agriculture and circular economy.

[0025] 5. Promote crop growth and increase yield: After using Auricularia auricularia residue biofertilizer, the fertility and structure of the soil are significantly improved, the growth potential and disease resistance of crops are enhanced, and ultimately the crop yield is increased. It is particularly suitable for the improvement of soil types such as black soil.

[0026] 6. Promote sustainable agricultural development: The method of the present invention can improve the long-term production capacity of land, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce the negative impact of agricultural production on the environment, and promote sustainable agricultural development.

[0027] In summary, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fertilizer that can effectively utilize the fungus residue produced during the cultivation of Auricularia auricula with corn stalks and improve soil fertility and structure, and has broad application prospects and high economic and ecological values.

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The preparation method of the wood ear mushroom residue biofertilizer of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0031] S1, mixing corn stalk crushed material, sawdust, wheat bran, soybean meal, lime and light calcium carbonate to obtain a fungus cultivation matrix, and then adding water to obtain a prepared fungus cultivation matrix; the prepared fungus cultivation matrix has a moisture content of 60%;

[0032] The jade fungus cultivation matrix is ​​mixed with the following raw materials by mass fraction: 20% corn stalk crushed material, 60% sawdust, 15% wheat bran, 3% soybean meal, 1% lime, and the balance is light calcium carbonate; the corn stalk crushed material is made by crushing corn stalks to a length of less than 5 mm;

[0033] S2, the prepared Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S1 is placed in a polypropylene culture bag, each bag is filled with 1.4 kg, and sterilized at normal pressure for 10 h at a temperature of 105 ° C., and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate;

[0034] S3, under aseptic conditions, inoculating the Auricularia auricula strain CCMJ2567 into the sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S2, culturing for 30 days at a temperature of 22° C. and a humidity of 80%, until the mycelium completely covers the substrate and enters the fruiting stage, obtaining a fungus bag;

[0035] S4. Puncture the fungus bag obtained in S3 and culture it at a temperature of 22° C. and a humidity of 85% until the fungus matures. When the diameter of the ear pieces reaches 4 to 5 cm, harvest the fungus and use the remaining cultivation medium as a fungus residue biofertilizer.

[0036] This embodiment also provides an application of the Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer prepared by the above preparation method. The Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer is returned to the field without composting or fermentation treatment and is used for planting tomato seedlings.

[0037] The jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer of the present embodiment is used for the planting of tomato seedlings, and conventional field management is carried out. The experiment is carried out in a foam box (length 57cm, width 42.5cm, height 30cm, thickness 2.7cm), each foam box is filled with 20kg ± 0.5kg soil, the jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer is crushed into particles, the size is no more than 1cm, and the foam box is loaded with 2% of the amount of returning to the field and the depth of returning to the field is 3cm. 3 repetitions are set for the treatment. Before using the foam box, 6 holes with a diameter of 3cm are made at the bottom of the box.

[0038] The tomato seedlings were planted on May 15, 2023, with 4 plants in each foam box, and routine management was carried out during the growing period.

[0039] The control group was treated with soil without the addition of Auricularia auricula residue, and the same management conditions were used for comparison. The test indicators included vitamin C content of tomatoes, tomato yield, soil pH, organic matter content, nutrient content, and improvement of soil structure. The Auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer after returning to the field was used to increase the vitamin C content of tomatoes, increase tomato yield, and improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility.

[0040] Improved effect:

[0041] Soil improvement: Shallow land return increased soil organic matter content (increased by 15%), available phosphorus content (increased by 18%) and available potassium content (increased by 12%).

[0042] Crop growth: Tomato plants grew vigorously, with plant height increased by 10% and single plant yield increased by 10% compared with the control group; the nutritional quality of the fruit was significantly improved, with vitamin C content increased by 20% and flavonoid content increased by 25%.

[0043] The Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer prepared in this embodiment can increase the organic matter content in the soil: the residue is rich in organic matter, and returning it to the field for application can effectively increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve soil fertility and microbial activity, and help promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0044] The Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer prepared in this embodiment can improve the soil structure: the residue contains rich humus and trace elements, which can effectively improve the soil aggregate structure, increase the soil permeability, avoid soil compaction and acidification, and enhance the long-term cultivation capacity of the soil.

[0045] The Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer prepared in this embodiment can improve the water retention capacity: the rich organic matter in the residue can form a good water retention environment in the soil, reduce water evaporation loss, and contribute to the growth of crops under drought conditions.

[0046] This embodiment can realize the resource utilization of agricultural waste: the present invention reuses the mushroom residue produced after the cultivation of Auricularia auricularia auricula as fertilizer, effectively solving the problem of waste disposal in the cultivation process, and conforming to the concepts of green agriculture and circular economy.

[0047] The Auricularia auricularia residue biofertilizer prepared in this embodiment can promote crop growth and increase yield: after using the Auricularia auricularia residue biofertilizer, the fertility and structure of the soil are significantly improved, the growth potential and disease resistance of crops are enhanced, and ultimately the crop yield is increased. It is particularly suitable for the improvement of soil types such as black soil.

[0048] The method of the present invention can promote sustainable agricultural development, improve the long-term production capacity of land, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce the negative impact of agricultural production on the environment, and promote sustainable agricultural development.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The preparation method of the wood ear mushroom residue biofertilizer of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0051] S1, mixing corn stalk crushed material, sawdust, wheat bran, soybean meal, lime and light calcium carbonate to obtain a fungus cultivation matrix, and then adding water to obtain a prepared fungus cultivation matrix; the prepared fungus cultivation matrix has a moisture content of 65%;

[0052] The jade fungus cultivation matrix is ​​mixed with the following raw materials by mass fraction: 20% corn stalk crushed material, 60% sawdust, 15% wheat bran, 3% soybean meal, 1% lime, and the balance is light calcium carbonate; the corn stalk crushed material is made by crushing corn stalks to a length of less than 5 mm;

[0053] S2, the prepared Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S1 is placed in a polypropylene culture bag, each bag is filled with 1.4 kg, and sterilized at normal pressure for 10 h at a temperature of 105 ° C., and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate;

[0054] S3, under aseptic conditions, inoculating the Auricularia auricula strain CCMJ2567 into the sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S2, culturing for 30 days at a temperature of 25° C. and a humidity of 85%, until the mycelium completely covers the substrate and enters the fruiting stage, obtaining a fungus bag;

[0055] S4. Puncture the fungus bag obtained in S3 and culture it at a temperature of 25° C. and a humidity of 95% until the fungus matures. When the diameter of the ear pieces reaches 4 to 5 cm, harvest the fungus and use the remaining cultivation medium as a fungus residue biofertilizer.

[0056] This embodiment also provides an application of the Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer prepared by the above preparation method. The Auricularia auriculariae residue biofertilizer is returned to the field without composting or fermentation treatment and is used for planting tomato seedlings.

[0057] The jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer of the present embodiment is used for planting tomatoes in the seedling stage, and conventional field management is carried out. The experiment was carried out in a foam box (length 57cm, width 42.5cm, height 30cm, thickness 2.7cm), each foam box was filled with 20kg ± 0.5kg of soil, and the jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer was crushed into particles, the size of which did not exceed 1cm, and the foam box was loaded at a return rate of 2% and a return depth of 10cm. The treatment was set up with 3 repetitions. Before using the foam box, 6 holes with a diameter of 3cm were made at the bottom of the box. Tomato seedlings were planted on May 15, 2023, with 4 strains in each foam box, and routine management was carried out during the growth period. The control group was a soil treatment without the addition of jade wood ear fungus residue, and the same management conditions were used for comparison.

[0058] The test indicators include vitamin C content of tomatoes, tomato yield, soil pH, organic matter content, nutrient content, improvement of soil structure, etc. The Auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer after returning to the field is used to increase the vitamin C content of tomatoes, increase tomato yield, and improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility.

[0059] Improved effect:

[0060] Soil improvement: Deep field return significantly increases soil organic matter content (increased by 20%), effective phosphorus content (increased by 25%) and quick-acting potassium content (increased by 18%); the soil aggregate structure is more stable, and the air permeability and water retention are improved.

[0061] Crop growth: The tomato root system developed well, and the number of capillary roots increased significantly; the yield per plant increased by 15% compared with the control group, the fruit flavonoid content increased by 30%, the lycopene content increased by 25%, and the nutritional quality was greatly improved.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] The preparation method of the wood ear mushroom residue biofertilizer of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0064] S1, mixing corn stalk crushed material, sawdust, wheat bran, soybean meal, lime and light calcium carbonate to obtain a fungus cultivation matrix, and then adding water to obtain a prepared fungus cultivation matrix; the prepared fungus cultivation matrix has a moisture content of 60%;

[0065] The jade fungus cultivation matrix is ​​mixed with the following raw materials by mass fraction: 20% corn stalk crushed material, 60% sawdust, 15% wheat bran, 3% soybean meal, 1% lime, and the balance is light calcium carbonate; the corn stalk crushed material is made by crushing corn stalks to a length of less than 5 mm;

[0066] S2, the prepared Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S1 is placed in a polypropylene culture bag, each bag is filled with 1.4 kg, and sterilized at normal pressure for 10 h at a temperature of 105 ° C., and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate;

[0067] S3, under aseptic conditions, inoculating the Auricularia auricula strain CCMJ2567 into the sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S2, culturing for 30 days at a temperature of 25° C. and a humidity of 85%, until the mycelium completely covers the substrate and enters the fruiting stage, obtaining a fungus bag;

[0068] S4. Puncture the fungus bag obtained in S3 and culture it at a temperature of 25° C. and a humidity of 95% until the fungus matures. When the diameter of the ear pieces reaches 4 to 5 cm, harvest the fungus and use the remaining cultivation medium as a fungus residue biofertilizer.

[0069] The present embodiment also provides the application of the jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, the jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer is returned to the field, no composting or fermentation treatment is required, and it is used for tomato seedling planting. The jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer is used for planting tomato seedlings, and conventional field management is carried out. The experiment was carried out in a foam box (length 57cm, width 42.5cm, height 30cm, thickness 2.7cm), each foam box was filled with 20kg ± 0.5kg of soil, and the jade wood ear fungus residue biofertilizer was crushed into particles, the size of which did not exceed 1cm, and the foam box was loaded at a return rate of 5% and a return depth of 10cm. 3 repetitions were set for the treatment. Before using the foam box, 6 holes with a diameter of 3cm were made at the bottom of the box. Tomato seedlings were planted on May 15, 2023, with 4 strains in each foam box, and conventional management was carried out during the growth period. The control group was a soil treatment without the addition of jade wood ear fungus residue, and the same management conditions were used for comparison. The test indicators include vitamin C content of tomatoes, tomato yield, soil pH, organic matter content, nutrient content, improvement of soil structure, etc. The Auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer after returning to the field is used to increase the vitamin C content of tomatoes, increase tomato yield, and improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility.

[0070] Improved effect:

[0071] Soil improvement: significantly increased soil organic matter content (by 30%), effective phosphorus content (by 40%), and available potassium and humus content (both by 45%); soil fertility and structural stability were further enhanced.

[0072] Crop growth: Tomato plants appeared healthier, with single-plant yields increasing by 20% compared to the control group, and fruit nutritional content significantly improved: vitamin C content increased by 40%, lycopene content increased by 35%, and soluble solids content increased by 2%.

[0073] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent change made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer, characterized in that: The method is: S1, mixing corn stalk crushed material, sawdust, wheat bran, soybean meal, lime and light calcium carbonate to obtain a fungus cultivation medium, and then adding water to obtain a prepared fungus cultivation medium; The jade fungus cultivation matrix is ​​mixed with the following raw materials in mass fractions: 20% corn stalk crushed material, 60% sawdust, 15% wheat bran, 3% soybean meal, 1% lime, and the balance is light calcium carbonate; S2, placing the prepared Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S1 into a polypropylene culture bag, sterilizing it at normal pressure at a temperature of 105° C. for 10 h, and naturally cooling it to room temperature to obtain a sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate; S3. Under aseptic conditions, inoculating the Auricularia auricula strain into the sterilized Auricularia auricula cultivation substrate obtained in S2, and culturing the substrate at a temperature of 22° C. to 25° C. and a humidity of 80% to 85% for 30 days to obtain a fungus bag; S4. Puncture holes in the fungus bag obtained in S3 and culture the fungus at a temperature of 22° C. to 25° C. and a humidity of 85% to 95% until the fungus matures, then harvest the fungus and use the remaining culture medium as fungus residue biofertilizer.

2. The method for preparing a kind of Auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corn stalk crushed material in S1 is made by crushing corn stalks to a length less than 5 mm.

3. The method for preparing a kind of Auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture content of the prepared Auricularia auricularia cultivation medium described in S1 is 60% to 65%.

4. An application of the Auricularia auricula residue biofertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wood ear mushroom residue biological fertilizer is returned to the field and used for tomato planting.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wood ear mushroom residue biological fertilizer is mixed with soil and then returned to the field. The amount of the wood ear mushroom residue biological fertilizer is 2% to 5% of the soil mass, and the depth of returning to the field is 3cm to 10cm.

6. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wood ear mushroom residue biological fertilizer is used for increasing the vitamin C content of tomatoes and increasing the tomato yield.

7. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wood ear mushroom residue biological fertilizer is used for improving soil structure and enhancing soil fertility.