High-strength titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of material science, and discloses a high-strength titanium-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Second-phase particles are uniformly distributed in a matrix through ball milling and hot isostatic pressing sintering technologies, and the prepared titanium-based composite material has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance; meanwhile, the preparation method is efficient, controllable and suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of material science, and specifically relates to a high-strength titanium-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Titanium and its alloys are widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, medical equipment and other fields due to their excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, low density and good biocompatibility. However, the performance of titanium alloys under extreme working conditions such as high strength, high temperature and high load still has certain limitations. For example, the wear resistance, fatigue resistance and high temperature strength of titanium alloys are insufficient, especially under high stress concentration and complex working environment, which is prone to deformation or damage. Therefore, how to improve the comprehensive performance of titanium-based materials, especially in terms of load-bearing capacity, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, has become a research hotspot in the current field of materials science. In order to solve this problem, the research and development of titanium-based composites has gradually become an important research direction. By introducing high-performance reinforcement phases into the titanium matrix, the strength, hardness, wear resistance and high temperature performance of the material can be significantly improved. These composite materials can not only retain the advantages of titanium materials, but also improve their working performance in extreme environments through the synergistic effect of the reinforcement phase. Therefore, the development of high-strength titanium-based composite materials has become an important task to improve the application range and reliability of titanium materials.

[0003] However, the preparation of titanium-based composites still faces some challenges. First, the interface bonding between the titanium matrix and the reinforcement phase is poor, which easily leads to interface separation or reaction, thus affecting the mechanical properties of the composite. Secondly, the dispersion and stability of the reinforcement phase are also difficult problems that need to be overcome in the preparation process. The uniform distribution of different types of reinforcement phases in the titanium matrix directly determines the performance of the composite. In addition, during the processing and heat treatment of titanium-based composites at high temperatures, the reinforcement phase is prone to react with the matrix material, resulting in degradation of material properties or uneven strengthening. Summary of the invention

[0004] This method combines ball milling and hot isostatic pressing to form TiN, TiC, TiB 2 The second phase particles are evenly distributed in the matrix, and the prepared titanium-based composite material has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance; at the same time, an efficient and controllable preparation method is provided, which is suitable for industrial production.

[0005] A high-strength titanium-based composite material, with titanium alloy powder as the matrix and second phase particles as the reinforcement phase; the second phase particles are evenly distributed in the titanium alloy matrix and have high interface bonding strength.

[0006] The titanium alloy matrix is ​​Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn or Ti-3Al-2.5V, and the particle size is 50-100 μm.

[0007] The second phase particles are TiN, TiC, TiB 2 One or a combination thereof; the particle size of the second phase particles is 5-10nm, and the mass fraction is in the range of 5%-10%. The mechanical properties and wear resistance of the composite material can be regulated by adjusting the content of the second phase particles.

[0008] A method for preparing a high-strength titanium-based composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) mixing titanium alloy powder and second phase particle powder according to a mass ratio;

[0010] (2) mixing the powders by mechanical ball milling;

[0011] (3) preparing an initial blank by a cold pressing process;

[0012] (4) The blank is sintered by hot isostatic pressing to obtain a composite material.

[0013] In step (1), the mass ratio of titanium alloy powder to second phase particle powder is 90-95:5-10.

[0014] In step (2), the ball milling time is 2-4 hours, and the ball milling speed is 150-3000 rpm.

[0015] In step (3), the pressure of the cold pressing process is 100-200 MPa and the time is 30-60 min.

[0016] In step (4), the hot isostatic pressing pressure is 800-1200 MPa, the sintering temperature is 700-1200° C., and the sintering time is 2-5 h.

[0017] The high-strength titanium-based composite material prepared by the above method has second phase particles evenly distributed in the matrix; the tensile strength of the material reaches above 1400MPa, which is 30% higher than that of traditional titanium alloys; and the wear resistance of the material is increased by more than 50%.

[0018] The high-strength titanium-based composite material prepared by the present invention is suitable for the following application fields:

[0019] (1) In the field of aerospace, it is used to manufacture high-strength and high-wear-resistant load-bearing components;

[0020] (2) Automobile industry, used to manufacture engine parts and lightweight components;

[0021] (3) Marine engineering, used for structural parts in highly corrosive environments;

[0022] (4) Medical devices, used to manufacture high-strength and corrosion-resistant implants.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0024] 1. Improve the comprehensive performance of titanium-based materials: Titanium alloys have certain limitations in performance under extreme working conditions such as high strength, high temperature, and high load, such as insufficient fatigue resistance, wear resistance, and high-temperature strength. This method develops high-strength titanium-based composite materials, which can significantly improve the comprehensive performance of titanium materials, especially in terms of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, and high-temperature strength.

[0025] 2. Overcoming technical difficulties in the preparation of titanium-based composite materials: This method overcomes some technical difficulties in the preparation of titanium-based composite materials, including poor interface bonding between the reinforcement phase and the matrix, uneven dispersion of the reinforcement phase, and interface reaction during high-temperature processing. Improving the dispersion and interface bonding of the reinforcement phase can effectively improve the performance of the material and solve the bottleneck problems in existing preparation technology. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] 1. Material preparation: Select Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy powder with a particle size of 50-100 μm as the matrix material. Select TiN as the second phase reinforcement particle with a particle size of 5-10 nm and a mass fraction of 5%.

[0029] 2. Mixing and ball milling: The titanium alloy powder and the TiN powder are mixed in proportion and mixed by mechanical ball milling. The ball milling time is 2 hours and the ball milling speed is 150 rpm.

[0030] 3. Cold pressing: The mixed powder is subjected to a cold pressing process to prepare an initial blank, with a cold pressing pressure of 100 MPa and a time of 30 minutes.

[0031] 4. Hot isostatic pressing sintering: Place the blank into a hot isostatic pressing device, set the pressure to 800 MPa, the temperature to 700°C, and the time to 2 hours for sintering.

[0032] Performance Test:

[0033] In the prepared titanium-based composite material, TiN particles are evenly distributed in the titanium alloy matrix, and the interface bonding strength is high. The tensile strength of the material reaches 1400MPa, which is 30% higher than that of the traditional Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and the wear resistance is increased by 50%.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] 1. Material preparation: Select Ti-5Al-2.5Sn titanium alloy powder with a particle size of 50-100 μm as the matrix material. Select TiC as the second phase reinforcement particle with a particle size of 5-10 nm and a mass fraction of 8%.

[0036] 2. Mixing and ball milling: The titanium alloy powder and the TiC powder are mixed in proportion and mixed by mechanical ball milling. The ball milling time is 3 hours and the ball milling speed is 1000 rpm.

[0037] 3. Cold pressing: The mixed powder is subjected to a cold pressing process to prepare an initial blank, with a cold pressing pressure of 150 MPa and a time of 45 minutes.

[0038] 4. Hot isostatic pressing sintering: Place the blank into a hot isostatic pressing device, set the pressure to 1000 MPa, the temperature to 900°C, and the time to 3 hours for sintering.

[0039] Performance Test:

[0040] In the prepared titanium-based composite material, TiC particles are evenly distributed in the titanium alloy matrix, and the interface bonding strength is high. The tensile strength of the material reaches 1450MPa, which is 35% higher than that of the traditional Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy, and the wear resistance is increased by 55%.

[0041] Embodiment 3:

[0042] 1. Material preparation: Select Ti-3Al-2.5V titanium alloy powder with a particle size of 50-100 μm as the matrix material. Select TiB2 as the second phase reinforcement particles with a particle size of 5-10 nm and a mass fraction of 10%.

[0043] 2. Mixing and ball milling: Mix titanium alloy powder with TiB 2 The powders were mixed according to proportion and mixed by mechanical ball milling. The ball milling time was 4 hours and the ball milling speed was 3000 rpm.

[0044] 3. Cold pressing: The mixed powder is subjected to a cold pressing process to prepare an initial blank, with a cold pressing pressure of 200 MPa and a time of 60 minutes.

[0045] 4. Hot isostatic pressing sintering: Place the blank into a hot isostatic pressing device, set the pressure to 1200 MPa, the temperature to 1200° C., and the time to 5 hours for sintering.

[0046] Performance Test:

[0047] In the prepared titanium matrix composite material, TiB 2The particles are evenly distributed in the titanium alloy matrix, and the interface bonding strength is high. The tensile strength of the material reaches 1500MPa, which is 40% higher than that of the traditional Ti-3Al-2.5V alloy, and the wear resistance is increased by 60%.

[0048] Embodiment 4:

[0049] 1. Material preparation: Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy powder with a particle size of 50-100 μm is selected as the matrix material. TiN and TiC are selected as the second phase reinforcement particles, with particle sizes of 5-10 nm and mass fractions of 3% and 5% respectively.

[0050] 2. Mixing and ball milling: The titanium alloy powder is mixed with TiN and TiC powders in proportion and mixed by mechanical ball milling. The ball milling time is 3 hours and the ball milling speed is 2000 rpm.

[0051] 3. Cold pressing: The mixed powder is subjected to a cold pressing process to prepare an initial blank, with a cold pressing pressure of 150 MPa and a time of 45 minutes.

[0052] 4. Hot isostatic pressing sintering: Place the blank into a hot isostatic pressing device, set the pressure to 1000 MPa, the temperature to 1000°C, and the time to 4 hours for sintering.

[0053] Performance Testing:

[0054] In the prepared titanium-based composite material, TiN and TiC particles are evenly distributed in the titanium alloy matrix, with high interface bonding strength. The tensile strength of the material reaches 1480MPa, which is 32% higher than that of the traditional Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and the wear resistance is increased by 52%.

[0055] It can be seen from the above examples that the high-strength titanium-based composite material prepared by this method has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, and is suitable for the fields of aerospace, automobile industry, marine engineering and medical equipment.

Claims

1. A high-strength titanium-based composite material, characterized in that: The titanium alloy powder is used as a matrix, and the second phase particles are used as a reinforcement phase; the second phase particles are evenly distributed in the titanium alloy matrix, and the mass fraction of the second phase particles is in the range of 5%-10%.

2. The high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix is ​​Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn or Ti-3Al-2.5V; the particle size is 50-100 μm.

3. The high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second phase particles are one of TiN, TiC, TiB2 or a combination thereof.

4. The method for preparing a high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps include: (1) mixing titanium alloy powder and second phase particle powder according to a mass ratio; (2) mixing the powders by mechanical ball milling; (3) preparing an initial blank by a cold pressing process; (4) The blank is sintered by hot isostatic pressing to obtain a composite material.

5. The method for preparing a high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of titanium alloy powder to second phase particle powder is 90-95:5-10.

6. The method for preparing a high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the ball milling time is 2-4 hours, and the ball milling speed is 150-3000 rpm.

7. The method for preparing a high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3), the pressure of the cold pressing process is 100-200 MPa and the time is 30-60 min.

8. The method for preparing a high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (4), the hot isostatic pressing pressure is 800-1200 MPa.

9. The method for preparing a high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (4), the sintering temperature is 700-1200° C. and the sintering time is 2-5 hours.

10. Use of the high-strength titanium-based composite material according to claim 1 in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry, marine engineering or medical equipment.