Hydrogen nozzle with pressure adjusting function

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of hydrogen engines, and provides a hydrogen nozzle with a pressure regulating function, which comprises a volume-variable shell, a fixed gas chamber, an intermittent motion module and a control module. According to the device, through the bionic cuttlefish structure, the stability of the hydrogen spraying amount can be achieved by regulating and controlling the change of the volume of the cavity according to pressure fluctuation in the air inlet channel. And the gas can be subjected to secondary pressurization, so that high-speed injection of hydrogen is realized. In addition, through cooperation of the controller and the sensors, the pressure fluctuation effect in the gas inlet channel can be fully utilized to achieve regulation and control at different injection moments, the hydrogen introduction capacity can be effectively improved, the uniformity of mixed gas in the gas inlet channel is improved, and the tempering occurrence probability is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen engines, and in particular relates to a hydrogen nozzle with a pressure regulating function. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of the dual carbon policy, the global energy structure is gradually transforming towards low-carbon, green and renewable energy. Hydrogen is considered to be one of the most promising zero-carbon fuels due to its clean and efficient combustion characteristics. In the field of hydrogen combustion engines, there are two main ways to supply hydrogen fuel: intake port injection and direct injection. Direct injection in the cylinder has the characteristics of high charging efficiency and flexible injection strategy, but it needs to match a higher injection pressure, so the manufacturing cost is high, the system complexity is high, and the durability and safety requirements of the injector are high, which makes practical application more difficult. Relatively speaking, the injection pressure of hydrogen injection in the intake port is low, so the structure is simple, the modification cost is low, and the existing injection device can be used, but it has problems such as backfire and low filling coefficient.

[0003] Research has found that the main causes of the backfire problem are high-temperature hot spots in the cylinder, residual exhaust gas, and high hydrogen residues in the airway. In order to reduce the risk of backfire and the impact of the expansion of the airway gas jet on the engine intake blockage, it is necessary to reduce the residual hydrogen in the airway while ensuring the ability to introduce hydrogen and fresh air into the cylinder. Existing hydrogen nozzles are all of fixed volume type. Under the premise that the injector structure, injection pressure, and injection duration remain unchanged, the amount of hydrogen injection is easily affected by the intake duct pressure and the pressure in the cylinder. When the engine is actually working, the intake and exhaust valves are alternately opened and closed accompanied by the reciprocating motion of the piston. The pressure in the airway and the pressure in the cylinder are both fluctuating processes. Therefore, even if the injection pressure and duration at the supply end are constant, the actual amount of hydrogen injected by the injector will change, especially when the injection time is adjusted, the amount of hydrogen injected by the injector will deviate greatly from the design value. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen nozzle with a built-in pressure regulation function, aiming to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: a hydrogen nozzle with a pressure regulating function includes: a volume-variable housing, a fixed gas chamber, an intermittent motion module, and a control module;

[0006] The variable volume housing comprises a front fixed spray hole and a variable volume chamber, wherein the front fixed spray hole is connected to the front end of the variable volume chamber;

[0007] The fixed gas chamber comprises a base and a gas flow channel, the rear end of the gas flow channel is communicated with the hydrogen supply device, and the front end of the gas flow channel is communicated with the rear end of the volume variable chamber;

[0008] The intermittent motion module is mounted on the base and connected to the rear end of the variable volume chamber, and is used to drive the variable volume chamber to inhale and exhaust air;

[0009] The control module is used to control the opening and closing of the front fixed spray hole, and the start and stop of the intermittent motion module.

[0010] According to a further technical solution, the front fixed spray hole is composed of two straight pipe sections parallel to the axis, which are connected by a tapered pipe section in the middle; the ratio of the diameter of the front spray hole section to the diameter of the rear straight pipe section is 1:2.

[0011] According to a further technical solution, the intermittent motion module includes a spring, a push plate and an electric control mechanism; the spring is symmetrically distributed around the fixed gas flow channel at 90°, one end of the spring is connected to the push plate, and the other end is fixed to the base, and stretches or contracts with the movement of the push plate;

[0012] The electric control mechanism includes a T-shaped energized guide rail, a magnetic slider and a moving module. The T-shaped guide rail is fixed to the outside of the fixed gas flow channel, the magnetic slider is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the moving module is connected to the magnetic slider for pushing the magnetic slider to move axially.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the variable volume chamber is composed of eight identical and centrally symmetrically distributed shape memory alloy sheets and an external elastic membrane; the shape memory alloy sheets have sufficient strength and elasticity to ensure that the alloy is always in the elastic deformation stage during the movement of the push plate. The front end of the variable volume chamber is connected to the front fixed nozzle hole, and the rear end is fixed to the push plate. Sealing rings are provided at both ends to prevent hydrogen leakage from both ends.

[0014] According to a further technical solution, the control module includes a controller, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor;

[0015] The displacement sensor is installed on any spring to monitor the deformation of the spring;

[0016] The pressure sensor is arranged outside the front fixed nozzle hole and is used to monitor the pressure change in the intake duct;

[0017] The controller is used to receive data from the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and control the start and stop of the movable module and the opening and closing timing of the front fixed spray hole.

[0018] According to a further technical solution, the controller is also used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply device.

[0019] The hydrogen nozzle with pressure regulation function provided by the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the stability of hydrogen injection amount by adjusting the change of chamber volume according to the pressure fluctuation in the intake duct through the structure of bionic cuttlefish. It can also perform secondary pressurization of gas to achieve high-speed hydrogen injection. In addition, through the cooperation of the controller and various sensors, the pressure fluctuation effect in the intake duct can be fully utilized to achieve the regulation of different injection times, which can effectively improve the hydrogen introduction capacity, increase the uniformity of the intake duct mixed gas, and reduce the probability of flashback. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen nozzle with a pressure regulating function provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electric control mechanism in a hydrogen nozzle with a pressure regulating function provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a volume-variable shell in a hydrogen nozzle with a pressure regulating function provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the operation of a controller in a hydrogen nozzle with a built-in pressure regulation function provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the attached figure: front fixed spray hole 1; volume variable chamber 2; fixed gas flow channel 3; push plate 4; electric control mechanism 5; spring 6; base 7; T-shaped guide rail 8; magnetic slider 9; controller 10; moving module 11; pressure sensor 12; displacement sensor 13; hydrogen supply device 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a hydrogen nozzle with a pressure regulating function provided by an embodiment of the present invention is based on the bionics principle and refers to the squid spraying motion process, and uses the change of the gas chamber volume to achieve the regulation of the spray pressure. The hydrogen nozzle includes: a volume variable housing, a fixed gas chamber, an intermittent motion module and a control module;

[0028] The variable volume housing comprises a front fixed spray hole 1 and a variable volume chamber 2, wherein the front fixed spray hole 1 is connected to the front end of the variable volume chamber 2;

[0029] The fixed gas chamber includes a base 7 and a gas flow channel 3, the rear end of the gas flow channel 3 is communicated with a hydrogen supply device 14, and the front end of the gas flow channel 3 is communicated with the rear end of the variable volume chamber 2;

[0030] The intermittent motion module is installed on the base and connected to the rear end of the variable volume chamber 2, and is used to drive the variable volume chamber 2 to inhale and exhaust air;

[0031] The control module is used to control the opening and closing of the front fixed spray hole 1, and the start and stop of the intermittent motion module.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front fixed spray hole 1 is composed of two straight pipe sections parallel to the axis, which are connected by a tapered pipe section in the middle; the ratio of the front spray hole section diameter to the rear straight pipe section diameter is 1:2.

[0033] When the semi-cone angle θ of the tapered section is small, the flow direction of the airflow in the pipe section changes more gently, which can effectively reduce the generation of airflow separation and vortex, thereby reducing flow resistance. The relationship between the length L of the tapered section and the large end diameter D, the small end diameter d and the semi-cone angle θ is: During design, appropriate θ and L can be selected based on the allowed space and airflow characteristics to balance the flow resistance and pipe size.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the tapered pipe section makes the air flow smoother and reduces the flow resistance. The front end nozzle section is provided with a valve for controlling the opening and closing of the nozzle. When in the inhalation process, the valve is closed to prevent the gas from being sucked back. In the exhaust process, the valve automatically opens until the exhaust process is completed.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intermittent motion module includes a spring 6, a push plate 4 and an electric control mechanism 5; the spring 6 is symmetrically distributed around the fixed gas flow channel 3 at 90 degrees, one end of the spring 6 is connected to the push plate 4, and the other end is fixed to the base 7, and stretches or contracts with the movement of the push plate;

[0036] The electric control mechanism 5 includes a T-shaped current-carrying guide rail 41, a magnetic slider 9 and a moving module 11. The T-shaped guide rail 8 is fixed to the outside of the fixed gas flow channel 3. The magnetic slider 9 is fixedly connected to the push plate 4. The moving module 11 is connected to the magnetic slider 9 and is used to push the magnetic slider 9 to move along the axial direction.

[0037] During the intake process, the T-shaped guide rail 8 is powered on, and the T-shaped guide rail 8 generates magnetism opposite to that of the magnetic slider 9. The two are closely attached due to the magnetic force. At the same time, the control module controls the mobile module 11 to open, driving the magnetic slider 9 to drive the push plate 4 to move upward along the T-shaped guide rail 8, and the spring 6 is stretched. During the exhaust process, the control module controls the T-shaped guide rail 8 and the mobile module 11 to be powered off, the magnetism of the T-shaped guide rail 8 disappears, and the push plate 4 drives the magnetic slider 9 to be quickly retracted under the elastic force of the spring 6, completing a hydrogen injection process.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, the T-shaped guide rail 8 can ensure that the magnetic slider 9 will not be separated from the push plate 4 during the return process, so as to carry out the next hydrogen injection process. The moving module 11 can be a conventional linear moving module in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the variable volume chamber 2 is composed of eight identical and centrally symmetrically distributed shape memory alloy sheets and an external elastic membrane. The external elastic membrane has sufficient strength and good sealing performance, which can ensure that the deformation generated by axial movement is always within its elastic range and does not leak. The front end of the variable volume chamber 2 is connected to the front fixed nozzle 1, and the rear end is fixed on the push plate 4.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present invention, a sealing ring is arranged at the connection of the variable volume chamber 2 to prevent gas leakage and external gas from entering.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes a controller 10, a pressure sensor 12 and a displacement sensor 13;

[0042] The displacement sensor 13 is installed on any spring 6 to monitor the deformation of the spring 6;

[0043] The pressure sensor 12 is arranged outside the front fixed nozzle 1 and is used to monitor the pressure change in the intake duct;

[0044] The controller 10 is used to receive data from the pressure sensor 12 and the displacement sensor 13, and to control the movement distance of the magnetic slider 9 by adjusting the start and stop of the mobile module 11 and the opening and closing timing of the front fixed nozzle 1, thereby regulating the intake pressure.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller 10 is also used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply device 14.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, when working, the controller 10 controls the hydrogen supply device 14 to open and the front fixed spray hole 1 to close. At this time, hydrogen fills the entire nozzle with a certain pressure; at the same time, the T-shaped guide rail 8 is powered on and the moving module 11 is started. Under the action of magnetic force, the T-shaped guide rail 8 and the magnetic slider 9 attract each other. The magnetic slider 9 moves upward along the T-shaped guide rail 8 under the drive of the moving module 11, driving the push plate 4 to move upward and stretching the spring 6, and the volume of the variable volume chamber 2 increases. The controller 10 receives data feedback from the pressure sensor 12 and the displacement sensor 13, and determines the movement distance of the magnetic slider 9 according to different pressure fluctuations in the intake duct. When the magnetic slider 9 moves to the specified position, the controller 10 controls the hydrogen supply device 14 to close, the front fixed spray hole 1 to open, the moving module 11 and the T-shaped guide rail 8 to be powered off, the magnetism of the T-shaped guide rail 8 disappears, the magnetic slider 9 is separated from the T-shaped guide rail 8, and the magnetic slider 9 and the push plate 4 are quickly pulled back under the elastic force of the spring 6, and the volume of the variable volume chamber 2 is reduced, completing a hydrogen injection process.

[0047] Working principle: The controller 10 controls the T-shaped guide rail 8 to be powered on to generate opposite magnetism to the magnetic slider 9. The two are closely attached due to magnetic force. At the same time, the motor 44 is controlled to start driving the magnetic slider 9 along the T-shaped guide rail 8 to drive the push plate 4 to move upward, and the volume of the variable volume housing 2 increases. In this process, the controller 10 controls the front fixed spray hole 1 to always be in a closed state, and at the same time controls the hydrogen supply device 14 to start delivering hydrogen to the fixed gas flow channel 3. The controller 10 receives data from the pressure sensor 12, sets the movement distance of the magnetic slider 9 according to different inlet pressures, and receives data from the displacement sensor 13. After reaching the specified distance, the controller 10 controls the T-shaped guide rail 8 and the mobile module 11 to cut off the power and enter the exhaust stage. At this time, the magnetism of the T-shaped guide rail 8 disappears, and the T-shaped guide rail 8 is separated from the magnetic slider 9. Under the elastic force of the spring 6, the push plate 4 drives the magnetic slider 9 to be quickly pulled back along the axial direction, and the volume of the variable volume chamber 2 is reduced. At the same time, the controller 10 controls the hydrogen supply device 14 to stop supplying hydrogen, and the front fixed spray hole 1 is opened to complete a hydrogen injection process. In addition, the controller 10 will control the hydrogen injection timing to match the intake duct pressure fluctuation according to the output data of the pressure sensor 12, and select the best hydrogen injection timing to maximize the hydrogen intake amount.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen nozzle with a built-in pressure regulation function, characterized in that: include: A variable volume housing, a fixed gas chamber, an intermittent motion module, and a control module; The variable volume housing comprises a front fixed spray hole and a variable volume chamber, wherein the front fixed spray hole is connected to the front end of the variable volume chamber; The fixed gas chamber comprises a base and a gas flow channel, the rear end of the gas flow channel is communicated with the hydrogen supply device, and the front end of the gas flow channel is communicated with the rear end of the volume variable chamber; The intermittent motion module is mounted on the base and connected to the rear end of the variable volume chamber, and is used to drive the variable volume chamber to inhale and exhaust air; The control module is used to control the opening and closing of the front fixed spray hole, and the start and stop of the intermittent motion module.

2. The hydrogen nozzle with self-contained pressure regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front fixed spray hole is composed of two straight pipe sections parallel to the axis, connected by a tapered pipe section in the middle; the ratio of the front spray hole section diameter to the rear straight pipe section diameter is 1:2; The relationship between the length L of the tapered section and the large end diameter D, the small end diameter d and the semi-cone angle θ is:

3. The hydrogen nozzle with self-contained pressure regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermittent motion module includes a spring, a push plate and an electric control mechanism; The spring is symmetrically distributed around the fixed gas flow channel at 90 degrees. One end of the spring is connected to the push plate, and the other end is fixed to the base. It stretches or contracts with the movement of the push plate. The electric control mechanism includes a T-shaped energized guide rail, a magnetic slider and a moving module. The T-shaped guide rail is fixed to the outside of the fixed gas flow channel, the magnetic slider is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the moving module is connected to the magnetic slider for pushing the magnetic slider to move axially.

4. The hydrogen nozzle with self-contained pressure regulation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The variable volume chamber is composed of eight identical and centrally symmetrically distributed shape memory alloy sheets and an external elastic membrane; The front end of the volume variable chamber is communicated with the front fixed spray hole, and the rear end is fixed on the push plate. Sealing rings are arranged at both the front and rear ends.

5. The hydrogen nozzle with self-contained pressure regulation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module includes a controller, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor; The displacement sensor is installed on any spring to monitor the deformation of the spring; The pressure sensor is arranged outside the front fixed nozzle hole and is used to monitor the pressure change in the intake duct; The controller is used to receive data from the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and control the start and stop of the movable module and the opening and closing timing of the front fixed spray hole.

6. The hydrogen nozzle with self-contained pressure regulation function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller is also used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply device.

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