Complex environment infrared radiation measurement uncertainty calculation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment, which belongs to the technical field of infrared radiation testing, considers the influence of the complex environment, establishes an infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model in the complex environment according to an infrared radiation measurement scene, can carry out measurement data analysis and pure simulation theory analysis, and can be used for calculating the uncertainty of the infrared radiation measurement in the complex environment. The method is wide in application range; the coupling action relationship between the influence factors is comprehensively considered through the error transfer model instead of simply considering the influence factors as independent variables, so that the precision and reliability of modeling and analysis of the infrared radiation scene in the complex environment are improved. By calculating the influence weights of different influence factors on the infrared radiation characteristic reference measurement result, the method is of great significance in guiding the design of an actual infrared radiation measurement scheme, avoiding the influence of the influence factors on the measurement result in a complex environment and realizing high-precision infrared radiation measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared radiation testing, and in particular relates to a method for calculating uncertainty in infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment. Background Art

[0002] The uncertainty analysis of infrared radiation testing technology and its test results mainly involves aspects such as radiant brightness, radiant illuminance, and radiant intensity. The calculation method of the uncertainty of the test results is mainly the GUM (Guide to the Uncertainty in Measurement) method, which assumes that the uncertainty components are independent of each other and finally gives a synthetic standard uncertainty. The calibration of radiant illuminance requires the use of an infrared LED light source and an integrating sphere, and the uncertainty of different wavelengths is different; the radiation intensity can be tested using the equal solid angle calibration method, and the sources of uncertainty include the repeatability of the infrared radiometer, the blackbody radiation brightness, the detector nonlinearity, the blackbody area, and environmental changes. The sources of radiant brightness uncertainty include the noise in the calibration process of the standard radiometer, the least squares fitting uncertainty, the high-precision water bath blackbody uncertainty, etc. Since the components are independent of each other, the uncertainty at different wavelengths needs to be calculated separately.

[0003] Many domestic institutions have their own research directions for uncertainty analysis of infrared radiation characteristics testing: Anhui Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed an infrared trap detector as a standard transfer detector and a dual-channel thermal infrared standard radiometer for calibrating spectral radiation, evaluated the uncertainty in the absolute spectral radiance calibration process, and the calibration joint standard uncertainty is better than 1%, meeting the application requirements of high-precision calibration of optical remote sensors. The ground-based infrared radiation characteristics measurement technology of space targets of Changchun Institute of Optics, Precision Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, carried out radiation calibration and error analysis on large-aperture infrared optoelectronic systems, and finally made the uncertainty of absolute radiation brightness response 6.1% and the uncertainty of radiation intensity measurement reach 15%. In order to solve the influence of uneven field response of radiometer on measurement results in the process of evaluating the stealth effect of infrared targets, Xi'an Institute of Applied Optics proposed a method for calibration and measurement of equal solid angles of infrared targets, so that the relative error between the radiation intensity measurement value and the standard value is less than 2%, and the relative uncertainty of measurement is better than 3.7%. Beijing Institute of Space Mechatronics proposed test equipment and methods for very high sensitivity long-wave infrared cameras. First, according to the principle of shortening the standard radiation transfer link as much as possible to reduce the error term, different measurement methods are compared and the "blackbody direct measurement method" is selected; secondly, based on the camera noise theoretical model, the measurement noise at different temperature points is analyzed, and a noise correction method is proposed to correct the noise, so as to reduce the measurement error caused by environmental influences; finally, based on the NETD measurement calculation formula and uncertainty analysis theory, the uncertainty of the test results is analyzed and evaluated. Finally, the relative uncertainty of the test results is about 7.7%.

[0004] However, the existing uncertainty analysis and calculation schemes still have the following problems: (1) The test experimental environment of the existing schemes is mostly indoor environment, which has great limitations; (2) Although the test and analysis methods for the infrared radiation characteristics of complex environments are different, the parameters of the influencing factors in complex environments are all considered as independent variables, without considering the correlation and coupling relationship between the parameters, especially it is impossible to form a unified and comprehensive calculation uncertainty scheme that can be applied in different scenarios. Due to the above problems, the characteristic parameters of infrared radiation in complex environments (such as infrared radiation illuminance, infrared radiation intensity, infrared radiation brightness) are not accurately measured. Therefore, there is a need for an infrared radiation measurement uncertainty calculation method that takes into account the coupling relationship between various influencing factors and can be used in various complex environments. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for calculating uncertainty in infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment, comprising:

[0007] According to the infrared radiation measurement scene and the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured, a measurement model of infrared radiation characteristic parameters in complex environments is established;

[0008] Determine the error influencing factors of the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured respectively, and obtain the error transfer coefficients of the corresponding error influencing factors based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model; wherein the error influencing factors include measurement influencing factors and atmospheric environment influencing factors;

[0009] Coupling the error transfer coefficients of all the atmospheric environment influencing factors to obtain coupling errors of the atmospheric environment influencing factors;

[0010] Respectively obtain measurement samples of each of the error influencing factors, obtain the standard deviation of the corresponding error influencing factor according to the measurement samples, and then obtain the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors according to the error transfer coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation;

[0011] Coupling the measurement uncertainty components of all the error influencing factors to obtain a combined uncertainty;

[0012] The contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors to the combined uncertainty is determined respectively, so as to obtain the influence weight of each of the error influencing factors on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the infrared radiation measurement scene includes: an air-to-sea measurement scene, an air-to-ground measurement scene, an air-to-air measurement scene, and a ground-to-air measurement scene;

[0014] The infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured include: infrared radiation illumination, infrared radiation intensity and infrared radiation brightness.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the expression of the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model is:

[0016] E obj =F{ε obj ,λ,T obj ,τ wea ,S obj ,θ 1 ,θ 2 ,D obj};

[0017] Among them, E obj is the infrared radiation illumination measurement model; F{·} is the infrared radiation illumination measurement model; ε obj is the target emissivity; λ is the target measurement wavelength; T obj is the target temperature; τ wea is the atmospheric environment transmittance, which is related to atmospheric environmental factors; S obj is the target effective area; θ 1 is the target observation elevation angle; θ 2 is the target observation azimuth; D 2 obj is the distance from the target to the infrared detector.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model, the error transfer coefficient of the corresponding error influencing factor is obtained, including:

[0019] Based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model, partial derivatives are calculated for each measurement influencing factor and atmospheric environment influencing factor to obtain the error transfer coefficient of the corresponding error influencing factor to the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the measurement influencing factors include: target influencing factors, background influencing factors and measurement equipment influencing factors;

[0021] The atmospheric environment influencing factors include: visibility influencing factors, humidity influencing factors, wind speed influencing factors, temperature influencing factors and air pressure influencing factors.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor is expressed as:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, τ wea is the atmospheric environment influencing factor; δτ wea is the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factors; is the partial derivative function; and are the error transfer coefficients of the error source to the atmospheric environment factors, and They are the component errors of visibility influencing factors, humidity influencing factors, wind speed influencing factors, temperature and air pressure influencing factors.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, measurement samples of each of the error influencing factors are obtained respectively, and the standard deviation of the corresponding error influencing factor is obtained according to the measurement samples. Then, according to the error transfer coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation, the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors is obtained accordingly, including:

[0026] Obtain measurement samples of each of the error influencing factors respectively, take the average value of the measurement samples as the true value, and obtain the standard deviation of each of the error influencing factors respectively;

[0027] According to the error transmission coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation, the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor is obtained.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the expression of the combined uncertainty is:

[0029]

[0030] in, is the measurement uncertainty component of the target temperature measurement data; is the measurement uncertainty component of the target emissivity measurement data; It is the measurement uncertainty component of the distance measurement data between the target and the infrared detector; The uncertainty component produced by the blackbody calibration source; is the uncertainty component of the infrared radiation measurement equipment.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors to the combined uncertainty is expressed as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, u E(vi) is the measurement uncertainty component of any of the error influencing factors; is the contribution weight of any of the error influencing factors to the combined uncertainty.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the influence weight of each error influencing factor on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured, it also includes: according to the influence weight of each error influencing factor on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured, separately controlling the measurement process of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured involving each error influencing factor, and correspondingly obtaining the adjusted infrared radiation measurement scheme.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The uncertainty calculation method for infrared radiation measurement in complex environments of the present invention takes into account the influence of complex environments, establishes a measurement model for infrared radiation characteristic parameters in complex environments according to infrared radiation measurement scenes, can perform measurement data analysis, and can also perform pure simulation theory analysis, and the method has a wide range of applications; the coupling relationship between influencing factors is comprehensively considered through an error transfer model, rather than simply considering the influencing factors as independent variables, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of modeling and analysis of infrared radiation scenes in complex environments. By calculating the influence weights of different influencing factors on the reference measurement results of infrared radiation characteristics, it is of great significance to guide the design of actual infrared radiation measurement schemes, avoid the influence of influencing factors on measurement results in complex environments, and achieve high-precision infrared radiation measurement.

[0037] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following specifically cites a preferred embodiment and describes it in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of atmospheric environment error influencing factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the atmospheric environment error transfer coefficient provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, a method for calculating uncertainty in infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment proposed by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0043] The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are clearly presented in the following detailed description of the specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Through the description of the specific implementation modes, the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood. However, the attached drawings are only for reference and explanation purposes and are not used to limit the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] Since there are many types of infrared radiation characteristic data and they are easily affected by various complex factors such as target, background, environment, weather, equipment, etc., accurate measurement of infrared radiation characteristics has always been a complex problem. The test experimental environment of existing uncertainty analysis and calculation schemes is mostly indoor environment, which has great limitations and is difficult to be used in different infrared radiation measurement scenarios. At the same time, each influencing factor is regarded as an independent parameter without considering the coupling relationship between the influencing factors, and ultimately no unified and comprehensive uncertainty calculation method is given. In view of this, the present invention starts from typical measurement tasks, analyzes the influencing factors of infrared radiation measurement results in complex environments, and provides a method for calculating uncertainty in infrared radiation measurement in complex environments, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for calculating uncertainty in infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In this embodiment, the uncertainty calculation method of infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment includes:

[0047] Step 1: According to the infrared radiation measurement scene and the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured, a measurement model of infrared radiation characteristic parameters in complex environments is established.

[0048] Exemplarily, infrared radiation measurement scenarios include: air-to-sea measurement scenarios, air-to-ground measurement scenarios, air-to-air measurement scenarios, and ground-to-air measurement scenarios.

[0049] Exemplarily, the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured include: infrared radiation illuminance, infrared radiation intensity and infrared radiation brightness.

[0050] It is understandable that, since there are many actual scenarios, one typical scenario is used as an example for explanation below, such as measuring the target radiation brightness in an air-to-air measurement scenario. Based on the uncertainty calculation method for infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment of this embodiment, the infrared radiation measurement scenario and the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured can be adaptively set, and no further description will be given hereinafter.

[0051] In this embodiment, the expression of the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model is:

[0052] E obj=F{ε obj ,λ,T obj ,τ wea ,S obj ,θ 1 ,θ 2 ,D obj};

[0053] Among them, E obj is the infrared radiation illuminance; F{·} is the infrared radiation illuminance measurement model; ε obj is the target emissivity; λ is the target measurement wavelength; T obj is the target temperature; τ wea is the atmospheric environment transmittance, which is related to atmospheric environmental factors; S obj is the target effective area; θ 1 is the target observation elevation angle; θ 2 is the target observation azimuth; D 2 obj is the distance from the target to the infrared detector.

[0054] For example, taking the infrared radiation illumination measurement model as an example, the expression of the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model is established as follows:

[0055]

[0056] Among them, E o ' bj is a specific infrared radiation illumination measurement model; ε obj is the target emissivity; c 1 and c 2 are Planck's constants.

[0057] It is understandable that, depending on the infrared radiation measurement scene and the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured, an infrared radiation intensity measurement model and an infrared radiation brightness measurement model may also be established, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0058] Step 2: Determine the error influencing factors of the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured respectively, and obtain the error transfer coefficients of the corresponding error influencing factors based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model; wherein the error influencing factors include measurement influencing factors and atmospheric environment influencing factors.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model, the error transfer coefficient of the corresponding error influencing factor is obtained, including: based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model, the partial derivative of each measurement influencing factor and the atmospheric environment influencing factor is respectively calculated to obtain the error transfer coefficient of the corresponding error influencing factor to the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured.

[0060] Exemplarily, the measurement influencing factors include: target influencing factors, background influencing factors and measurement equipment influencing factors.

[0061] Exemplarily, the atmospheric environment influencing factors include: visibility influencing factors, humidity influencing factors, wind speed influencing factors, temperature influencing factors and air pressure influencing factors, that is, the influence of atmospheric environment influencing factors is mainly considered among the atmospheric environment influencing factors.

[0062] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in a complex environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of atmospheric environment error influencing factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the atmospheric environment error transfer coefficient provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Specifically, the core idea of ​​error transfer is that the error transfer coefficient of the error influencing factor can be expressed by taking the partial derivative of the corresponding error influencing factor in the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model; among them, the error influencing factors include: target emissivity, target-detector distance, target temperature, target shape, target effective size, target orientation, etc., then the target emissivity error transfer coefficient can be expressed as The target distance error transfer coefficient can be expressed as The target temperature error transfer coefficient can be expressed as And so on.

[0064] In this embodiment, the mutual coupling relationship between the error transfer coefficients can be represented by the error propagation theory, which is based on the Taylor series expansion and is used to calculate the total error of the result variable caused by multiple independent or correlated variables.

[0065] Taking the atmospheric environment as an example, the atmospheric environment error depends on the environmental parameters of atmospheric influencing factors, including visibility V, atmospheric humidity Rh, wind speed v, atmospheric temperature T, air pressure P, etc. The expression of the atmospheric environment error is:

[0066] τ wea =f(V,Rh,v,T,P);

[0067] Among them, τ wea is the atmospheric environment error; V is visibility; Rh is atmospheric humidity; v is wind speed; T is atmospheric temperature; P is air pressure; and f is the calculation function representing the atmospheric environment transmittance.

[0068] Step 3: Couple the error transfer coefficients of all atmospheric environmental influencing factors to obtain the coupling errors of atmospheric environmental influencing factors.

[0069] The expression of coupling error of atmospheric environmental factors is:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, τ wea is the atmospheric environment influencing factor; δτ wea is the coupling error of atmospheric environmental factors; is the partial derivative function; and are the error transfer coefficients of the error source to the atmospheric environment factors, and They are the component errors of visibility influencing factors, humidity influencing factors, wind speed influencing factors, temperature and air pressure influencing factors.

[0072] Exemplarily, the coupling relationships between the environmental parameters of various atmospheric influencing factors in the atmospheric environment are:

[0073] ① Visibility influencing factor V and humidity influencing factor Rh: Visibility usually decreases when the water vapor content in the air (i.e. atmospheric humidity) increases. This is because high humidity increases the water vapor in the atmosphere, enhances the scattering effect of the atmosphere, and thus reduces visibility.

[0074] ② Visibility influencing factor V and temperature influencing factor T: Temperature changes will also affect visibility, especially in areas with large temperature changes. Temperature changes may affect the density and refractive index of the air, thereby affecting the propagation path of light and causing changes in visibility.

[0075] ③ Visibility influencing factor V and wind speed influencing factor v: The effect of wind speed on visibility is more complicated. Usually when the wind speed is high, the turbulent effect of the atmosphere may increase the diffusion of particulate matter, leading to a decrease in visibility. However, under certain conditions, higher wind speeds can also help reduce the accumulation of pollutants, thereby improving visibility.

[0076] ④ Humidity influencing factor Rh and wind speed influencing factor v: The influence of wind speed on humidity is usually manifested as an increase in wind speed, which accelerates the diffusion or evaporation process of water vapor, thereby leading to changes in atmospheric humidity. For example, strong winds may help to carry away or dilute moisture.

[0077] ⑤ Humidity influencing factor Rh and temperature influencing factor T: Temperature and humidity are closely related. Generally, when the temperature rises, the humidity will decrease because the air can hold more water vapor at high temperatures; conversely, when the temperature drops, the saturated water vapor pressure in the air decreases, which may lead to an increase in humidity.

[0078] ⑥ Wind speed influencing factor v and temperature influencing factor T: The relationship between wind speed and temperature can also be explained by the thermodynamic model of the atmosphere. When the wind speed is high, it is possible to accelerate the change of the temperature field, especially in different geographical locations or terrains. The change in wind speed is related to the change in temperature gradient.

[0079] Step 4: Obtain measurement samples of each error influencing factor respectively, obtain the standard deviation of the corresponding error influencing factor according to the measurement samples, and then obtain the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor according to the error transfer coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation;

[0080] Specifically, first, obtain the measurement samples of each error influencing factor respectively, take the average value of the measurement samples as the true value, and obtain the standard deviation of each error influencing factor respectively; then, according to the error transfer coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation, obtain the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor.

[0081] In an optional implementation, the average value of the measured samples is taken as the true value, and the standard deviation of each error influencing factor is obtained respectively, and the expression is:

[0082]

[0083] Where, σ is the standard deviation; n is the total number of measurement samples; i is the serial number of the measurement sample; x i is the measured value of the i-th measurement sample when the true value is known; y i is the measured value of the i-th measurement sample when the true value is unknown.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the expression of the measurement uncertainty component of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter generated by different influencing factors is:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, v i (i=1,2,3,...,n) is any measurement influencing factor; Δv i is the standard deviation of any measured influencing factor; It is the uncertainty component of the target radiance measurement caused by any measurement influencing factor.

[0087] Then the expressions of the measurement uncertainty components of the infrared radiation characteristic parameters produced by different influencing factors can be expressed in turn as follows:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Where, ΔT obj is the standard deviation of the target temperature measurement data; Δε obj is the standard deviation of the target emissivity measurement data; ΔD obj is the standard deviation of the distance measurement data between the target and the infrared detector; Δτ wea is the standard deviation of atmospheric transmittance measurement data; is the measurement uncertainty component of the target temperature measurement data; is the measurement uncertainty component of the target emissivity measurement data; It is the measurement uncertainty component of the distance measurement data between the target and the infrared detector; is the measurement uncertainty component of the atmospheric transmittance measurement data.

[0093] Step 5: Couple the measurement uncertainty components of all error influencing factors to obtain the combined uncertainty.

[0094] In an optional embodiment, the expression of the combined uncertainty is:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, u c is the combined uncertainty; The uncertainty component produced by the blackbody calibration source; is the uncertainty component of the infrared radiation measurement equipment.

[0097] Step 6: Determine the contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor to the combined uncertainty, so as to obtain the influence weight of each error influencing factor on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured.

[0098] The expression for the contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor to the combined uncertainty is:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, u E(vi) is the measurement uncertainty component of any of the error influencing factors; is the contribution weight of any error influencing factor to the combined uncertainty.

[0101] Exemplarily, instead of calculating the combined uncertainty first, the general formula of the combined uncertainty may be directly substituted into the step of determining the contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor to the combined uncertainty.

[0102] In this embodiment, after obtaining the influence weight of each error influencing factor on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured, the following steps are also included:

[0103] Step 7: According to the influence weight of each error influencing factor on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured, the measurement process of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured involving each error influencing factor is controlled separately, and the adjusted infrared radiation measurement scheme is obtained accordingly.

[0104] It is worth noting that when performing error propagation and uncertainty analysis, the contribution of different input variables to the uncertainty of the final result can be evaluated at the same time. By calculating the weights, the variables that contribute most to the uncertainty of the final result can be identified, especially those input variables that contribute most to the uncertainty of the final result. Their error sources are the most critical and need to be controlled first to reduce uncertainty. For example, if the weight of a parameter is large, then we may need to measure the parameter more accurately or improve control over its measurement process. In other words, calculating the weights can help us identify which input variables have a greater impact on the final result, thereby providing targeted guidance for improving measurement accuracy, optimizing experimental design, and rationally allocating resources. In this way, the accuracy and reliability of experimental or model results can be maximized.

[0105] It is understandable that any measurement result contains a certain measurement error, which is the result of the combined effect of a series of error factors between various links in the measurement process. The method of this embodiment can correctly analyze and synthesize these error factors and correctly characterize the combined impact of these errors, which is another important advantage of this method.

[0106] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the principle of the uncertainty calculation method for complex environment infrared radiation measurement of this embodiment is that, first, according to the difference between the infrared radiation measurement scene and the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured, a complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model is established accordingly. Next, the error influencing factors that affect the measurement results of the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured are analyzed and determined, and the error transmission coefficient of each error influencing factor is established accordingly, especially for the atmospheric environment influencing factors, and the error coupling effect between the atmospheric environment influencing factors is also taken into account. After obtaining the corresponding influencing factor error and coupling error, based on the obtained error and its standard deviation, the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor is obtained accordingly, wherein the measurement uncertainty component of the error influencing factor is used to synthesize the overall uncertainty. Finally, after synthesizing the overall synthetic uncertainty, the contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor to the synthetic uncertainty can be obtained by weight analysis, and the variables that contribute the most to the uncertainty of the final result can be identified, especially those input variables that contribute more to the uncertainty of the final result, and the most critical error source can be judged, so as to facilitate priority control in subsequent measurements.

[0107] Therefore, the uncertainty calculation method for infrared radiation measurement in complex environments of this embodiment can not only include complex infrared radiation measurement scenes and infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured into the calculation range of uncertainty, but also take into account the coupling influence of environmental factors, as well as the influence of error influencing factors on the measurement structure, and can support infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement and data high-precision inversion. The uncertainty calculation method for infrared radiation measurement in complex environments of the present invention takes into account the influence of complex environments, establishes a complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model according to the infrared radiation measurement scene, can perform measurement data analysis, and can also perform pure simulation theory analysis, and the method has a wide range of applications; the coupling relationship between influencing factors is comprehensively considered through the error transfer model, rather than simply considering the influencing factors as independent variables, which improves the accuracy and reliability of modeling and analysis of infrared radiation scenes in complex environments. By calculating the influence weights of different influencing factors on the reference measurement results of infrared radiation characteristics, it is of great significance to guide the design of actual infrared radiation measurement schemes, avoid the influence of influencing factors on measurement results in complex environments, and achieve high-precision infrared radiation measurement.

[0108] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "include", "comprise" or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or device including the elements. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The orientation or position relationship indicated by "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0109] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments, characterized in that: include: According to the infrared radiation measurement scene and the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured, a measurement model of infrared radiation characteristic parameters in complex environments is established; Respectively determine the error influencing factors of the infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured, and obtain the error transfer coefficients of the corresponding error influencing factors based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model; wherein the error influencing factors include measurement influencing factors and atmospheric environment influencing factors; Coupling the error transfer coefficients of all the atmospheric environment influencing factors to obtain coupling errors of the atmospheric environment influencing factors; Respectively obtain measurement samples of each of the error influencing factors, obtain the standard deviation of the corresponding error influencing factor according to the measurement samples, and then obtain the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors according to the error transfer coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation; Coupling the measurement uncertainty components of all the error influencing factors to obtain a combined uncertainty; The contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors to the combined uncertainty is determined respectively, so as to obtain the influence weight of each of the error influencing factors on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured.

2. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared radiation measurement scenarios include: air-to-sea measurement scenarios, air-to-ground measurement scenarios, air-to-air measurement scenarios, and ground-to-air measurement scenarios; The infrared radiation characteristic parameters to be measured include: infrared radiation illumination, infrared radiation intensity and infrared radiation brightness.

3. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression of the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model is: E obj =F{e obj ,λ,T obj ,t wea ,S obj ,θ1,θ2,D obj }; Among them, E obj is the infrared radiation illumination measurement model; F{·} is the infrared radiation illumination measurement model; ε obj is the target emissivity; λ is the target measurement wavelength; T obj is the target temperature; τ wea is the atmospheric environment transmittance, which is related to atmospheric environmental factors; S obj is the effective area of ​​the target; θ1 is the target observation elevation angle; θ2 is the target observation azimuth angle; D 2 obj is the distance from the target to the infrared detector.

4. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model, the error transfer coefficient of the corresponding error influencing factor is obtained, including: Based on the complex environment infrared radiation characteristic parameter measurement model, partial derivatives are calculated for each measurement influencing factor and atmospheric environment influencing factor to obtain the error transfer coefficient of the corresponding error influencing factor to the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured.

5. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement influencing factors include: target influencing factors, background influencing factors and measurement equipment influencing factors; The atmospheric environment influencing factors include: visibility influencing factors, humidity influencing factors, wind speed influencing factors, temperature influencing factors and air pressure influencing factors.

6. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expression of the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factors is: Among them, τ wea is the atmospheric environment influencing factor; δτ wea is the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factors; is the partial derivative function; are the error transfer coefficients of the error source to the atmospheric environment factors, and They are the component errors of visibility influencing factors, humidity influencing factors, wind speed influencing factors, temperature and air pressure influencing factors.

7. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Respectively obtain measurement samples of each of the error influencing factors, obtain the standard deviation of the corresponding error influencing factor according to the measurement samples, and then obtain the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors according to the error transfer coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation, including: Obtain measurement samples of each of the error influencing factors respectively, take the average value of the measurement samples as the true value, and obtain the standard deviation of each of the error influencing factors respectively; According to the error transmission coefficient of the measurement influencing factor, the coupling error of the atmospheric environment influencing factor and the corresponding standard deviation, the measurement uncertainty component of each error influencing factor is obtained.

8. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression of the combined uncertainty is: in, is the measurement uncertainty component of the target temperature measurement data; is the measurement uncertainty component of the target emissivity measurement data; It is the measurement uncertainty component of the distance measurement data between the target and the infrared detector; The uncertainty component produced by the blackbody calibration source; is the uncertainty component of the infrared radiation measurement equipment.

9. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 8, characterized in that: The expression for the contribution of the measurement uncertainty component of each of the error influencing factors to the combined uncertainty is: Among them, u E(vi) is the measurement uncertainty component of any of the error influencing factors; is the contribution weight of any of the error influencing factors to the combined uncertainty.

10. The method for calculating uncertainty of infrared radiation measurement in complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: After obtaining the influence weight of each error influencing factor on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured, the method further includes: According to the influence weight of each error influencing factor on the measurement result of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured, the measurement process of the infrared radiation characteristic parameter to be measured involving each error influencing factor is controlled separately, and an adjusted infrared radiation measurement scheme is obtained accordingly.

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